pmomusic/pmo_src.txt

# Debut des sources des crates 

## fichier: `Cargo.toml`

```toml
[workspace]
resolver = "3"
members = ["PMOMusic", "pmoupnp","pmoconfig", "pmoutils", "pmodidl"]
```

## fichier: `pmoconfig/Cargo.toml`

```toml

[package]
name = "pmoconfig"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"

[dependencies]
pmoutils ={ path = "../pmoutils" }

serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
serde_yaml = "0.9.33"
lazy_static = "1.4.0"
dirs = "6.0.0"
log = "0.4.20"
anyhow = "1.0.75"
uuid = { version = "1.18.1", features = ["v4"] }
tracing = "0.1.41"```

## fichier: `pmoconfig/src/lib.rs`

```rust
use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
use dirs::home_dir;
use lazy_static::lazy_static;
use pmoutils::guess_local_ip;
use serde_yaml::{Mapping, Value};
use std::{
    env, fs,
    path::{Path, PathBuf},
    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
};
use tracing::{info, warn};
use uuid::Uuid;

// Configuration par défaut intégrée
const DEFAULT_CONFIG: &str = include_str!("pmomusic.yaml");

lazy_static! {
    static ref CONFIG: Arc<Config> =
        Arc::new(Config::load_config("").expect("Failed to load PMOMusic configuration"));
}

const ENV_CONFIG_FILE: &str = "PMOMUSIC_CONFIG";
const ENV_PREFIX: &str = "PMOMUSIC_CONFIG__";

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Config {
    path: String,
    data: Mutex<Value>,
}

// Implémentation manuelle de Clone
impl Clone for Config {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        let data = self.data.lock().unwrap().clone();
        Self {
            path: self.path.clone(),
            data: Mutex::new(data),
        }
    }
}

impl Config {
    pub fn load_config(filename: &str) -> Result<Self> {
        let mut path = filename.to_string();
        let mut data: Option<Vec<u8>> = None;

        // Essayer de charger depuis différents emplacements
        if !filename.is_empty() {
            info!(config_file=%path, "Trying to load config");
            data = fs::read(&path).ok();
            if data.is_none() {
                warn!(config_file=%path, "Cannot read config file");
                path.clear();
            }
        }

        if path.is_empty() {
            if let Ok(env_path) = env::var(ENV_CONFIG_FILE) {
                info!(env_var=ENV_CONFIG_FILE, path=%env_path, "Trying to load config from env");
                path = env_path.clone();
                data = fs::read(&path).ok();
                if data.is_none() {
                    warn!(config_file=%path, "Cannot read config file from env var");
                    path.clear();
                }
            }
        }

        if path.is_empty() {
            let current_dir = env::current_dir().unwrap_or_else(|_| PathBuf::from("."));
            path = current_dir
                .join(".pmomusic.yml")
                .to_string_lossy()
                .to_string();
            info!(config_file=%path, "Trying to load config file from current directory");
            data = fs::read(&path).ok();
            if data.is_none() {
                warn!(config_file=%path, "Cannot read config file in current dir");
                path.clear();
            }
        }

        if path.is_empty() {
            path = Self::get_home_yml_path();
            info!(config_file=%path, "Trying to load config file from home directory");
            data = fs::read(&path).ok();
            if data.is_none() {
                warn!(config_file=%path, "Cannot read config file in home directory");
                path.clear();
            }
        }

        let yaml_data = if let Some(d) = data {
            d
        } else {
            info!("Using default embedded config");
            DEFAULT_CONFIG.as_bytes().to_vec()
        };

        let mut config_value: Value = serde_yaml::from_slice(&yaml_data)?;
        config_value = Self::lower_keys_value(config_value);
        Self::apply_env_overrides(&mut config_value);

        if path.is_empty() || !Self::is_writable(&path) {
            let candidates = [
                filename.to_string(),
                env::var(ENV_CONFIG_FILE).unwrap_or_default(),
                ".pmomusic.yml".to_string(),
                Self::get_home_yml_path(),
            ];
            for candidate in candidates.iter().filter(|c| !c.is_empty()) {
                if Self::is_writable(candidate) {
                    path = candidate.clone();
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        if path.is_empty() {
            return Err(anyhow!("Cannot find a place to store config file"));
        }

        info!(config_file=%path, "Config file will be stored here");

        let config = Config {
            path,
            data: Mutex::new(config_value),
        };
        config.save()?;
        Ok(config)
    }

    pub fn save(&self) -> Result<()> {
        let data = self.data.lock().unwrap();
        let yaml = serde_yaml::to_string(&*data)?;
        fs::write(&self.path, yaml)?;
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn set_value(&self, path: &[&str], value: Value) -> Result<()> {
        let mut data = self.data.lock().unwrap();
        Self::set_value_internal(&mut data, path, value.clone())?;
        drop(data);
        self.save()?;
        Ok(())
    }

    fn set_value_internal(data: &mut Value, path: &[&str], value: Value) -> Result<()> {
        if path.is_empty() {
            *data = value;
            return Ok(());
        }
        if let Value::Mapping(map) = data {
            let key = path[0].to_lowercase();
            let key_value = Value::String(key.clone());
            if path.len() == 1 {
                map.insert(key_value, value);
            } else {
                let entry = map
                    .entry(key_value)
                    .or_insert(Value::Mapping(Mapping::new()));
                Self::set_value_internal(entry, &path[1..], value)?;
            }
            Ok(())
        } else {
            Err(anyhow!("Current node is not a map"))
        }
    }

    pub fn get_value(&self, path: &[&str]) -> Result<Value> {
        let data = self.data.lock().unwrap();
        Self::get_value_internal(&data, path)
    }

    fn get_value_internal(data: &Value, path: &[&str]) -> Result<Value> {
        let mut current = data;
        for (i, key) in path.iter().enumerate() {
            if let Value::Mapping(map) = current {
                let key = key.to_lowercase();
                if let Some(next) = map.get(&Value::String(key)) {
                    current = next;
                } else {
                    return Err(anyhow!("Path {} does not exist", path[..=i].join(".")));
                }
            } else {
                return Err(anyhow!("Path {} is not a Config", path[..i].join(".")));
            }
        }
        Ok(current.clone())
    }

    fn get_home_yml_path() -> String {
        home_dir()
            .map(|p| p.join(".pmomusic.yml"))
            .unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("."))
            .to_string_lossy()
            .to_string()
    }

    fn apply_env_overrides(config: &mut Value) {
        for (key, value) in env::vars() {
            if key.starts_with(ENV_PREFIX) {
                let key_path = key
                    .trim_start_matches(ENV_PREFIX)
                    .split("__")
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>();
                let yaml_value = Self::convert_env_value(&value);
                let _ = Self::set_value_internal(config, &key_path, yaml_value);
            }
        }
    }

    fn convert_env_value(value: &str) -> Value {
        if let Ok(parsed) = serde_yaml::from_str::<Value>(value) {
            return parsed;
        }
        Value::String(value.to_string())
    }

    fn lower_keys_value(value: Value) -> Value {
        match value {
            Value::Mapping(map) => {
                let mut new_map = Mapping::new();
                for (k, v) in map {
                    if let Value::String(s) = k {
                        let new_key = Value::String(s.to_lowercase());
                        let new_val = Self::lower_keys_value(v);
                        new_map.insert(new_key, new_val);
                    } else {
                        new_map.insert(k, Self::lower_keys_value(v));
                    }
                }
                Value::Mapping(new_map)
            }
            Value::Sequence(seq) => {
                Value::Sequence(seq.into_iter().map(Self::lower_keys_value).collect())
            }
            _ => value,
        }
    }

    fn is_writable(path: &str) -> bool {
        let path = Path::new(path);
        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
            fs::metadata(parent)
                .map(|m| !m.permissions().readonly())
                .unwrap_or(false)
        } else {
            false
        }
    }

    pub fn get_base_url(&self) -> String {
        match self.get_value(&["host", "base_url"]) {
            Ok(Value::String(s)) if !s.is_empty() => s,
            Ok(_) => {
                tracing::warn!("Base URL is not a string or empty, using default localhost");
                guess_local_ip()
            }
            Err(err) => {
                tracing::warn!("Failed to get base URL: {}, using default localhost", err);
                guess_local_ip()
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn get_http_port(&self) -> u16 {
        match self.get_value(&["host", "http_port"]) {
            Ok(Value::Number(n)) if n.is_i64() => n.as_i64().unwrap() as u16,
            Ok(Value::String(s)) => match s.parse::<u16>() {
                Ok(port) => port,
                Err(_) => {
                    tracing::warn!("Invalid HTTP port '{}', using default 8080", s);
                    8080
                }
            },
            Ok(_) => {
                tracing::warn!("HTTP port not a number or string, using default 8080");
                8080
            }
            Err(err) => {
                tracing::warn!("Failed to get HTTP port: {}, using default 8080", err);
                8080
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn get_device_udn(&self, devtype: &str, name: &str) -> Result<String> {
        let path = &["devices", devtype, name, "udn"];
        match self.get_value(path) {
            Ok(Value::String(udn)) => Ok(udn),
            _ => {
                let new_udn = Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
                self.set_value(path, Value::String(new_udn.clone()))?;
                Ok(new_udn)
            }
        }
    }

    pub fn get_cover_cache_dir(&self) -> Result<String> {
        match self.get_value(&["host", "cover_cache", "directory"])? {
            Value::String(s) => Ok(s),
            _ => Ok("./.pmomusic_covers".to_string()),
        }
    }

    pub fn get_cover_cache_size(&self) -> Result<usize> {
        match self.get_value(&["host", "cover_cache", "size"])? {
            Value::Number(n) if n.is_i64() => Ok(n.as_i64().unwrap() as usize),
            Value::Number(n) if n.is_u64() => Ok(n.as_u64().unwrap() as usize),
            _ => Ok(2000),
        }
    }
}

/// Retourne l'instance globale
pub fn get_config() -> Arc<Config> {
    CONFIG.clone()
}
```

## fichier: `pmodidl/Cargo.toml`

```toml
[package]
name = "pmodidl"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
serde = "1.0.228"
utoipa = { version = "5.4.0", features = ["axum_extras"] }
utoipa-swagger-ui = { version = "9.0.2", features = ["axum"] }
quick-xml = { version = "0.38.3", features = ["serialize"] }
bevy_reflect = "0.17.1"
bevy_reflect_derive = "0.17.1"
```

## fichier: `pmodidl/src/lib.rs`

```rust
//! # pmodidl - DIDL-Lite Parser
//!
//! Parser et utilitaires pour le format DIDL-Lite utilisé dans UPnP/DLNA.

use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use std::fmt::Write;
use bevy_reflect::Reflect;

// ============= Couche d'abstraction générique =============

/// Trait pour tout parser de métadonnées média
pub trait MediaMetadataParser: Sized {
    type Error: std::error::Error + Send + Sync + 'static;
    
    /// Parse une chaîne de métadonnées
    fn parse(input: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error>;
    
    /// Retourne le format du parser
    fn format_name() -> &'static str;
}

/// Enveloppe générique pour tout type de métadonnées parsées
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Reflect)]
pub struct ParsedMetadata<T> {
    /// Format du document (ex: "DIDL-Lite", "RSS", etc.)
    pub format: String,
    
    /// Données parsées
    pub data: T,
    
    /// Timestamp du parsing (exclu de la réflexion car SystemTime n'implémente pas Reflect)
    #[reflect(ignore)]
    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub parsed_at: Option<std::time::SystemTime>,
}

impl<T> ParsedMetadata<T> {
    pub fn new(format: impl Into<String>, data: T) -> Self {
        Self {
            format: format.into(),
            data,
            parsed_at: Some(std::time::SystemTime::now()),
        }
    }
    
    /// Transforme les données avec une fonction
    pub fn map<U, F>(self, f: F) -> ParsedMetadata<U>
    where
        F: FnOnce(T) -> U,
    {
        ParsedMetadata {
            format: self.format,
            data: f(self.data),
            parsed_at: self.parsed_at,
        }
    }
}

/// Fonction helper pour parser et envelopper automatiquement
pub fn parse_metadata<P: MediaMetadataParser>(input: &str) -> Result<ParsedMetadata<P>, P::Error> {
    let data = P::parse(input)?;
    Ok(ParsedMetadata::new(P::format_name(), data))
}

// ============= Implémentation pour DIDLLite =============

impl MediaMetadataParser for DIDLLite {
    type Error = quick_xml::de::DeError;
    
    fn parse(input: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        quick_xml::de::from_str(input)
    }
    
    fn format_name() -> &'static str {
        "DIDL-Lite"
    }
}

/// Type alias pour faciliter l'utilisation
pub type DidlMetadata = ParsedMetadata<DIDLLite>;

// ============= Structures DIDL-Lite =============


/// Racine d'un document DIDL-Lite
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema, Reflect)]
#[serde(rename = "DIDL-Lite")]
pub struct DIDLLite {
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns")]
    pub xmlns: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns:upnp", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub xmlns_upnp: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns:dc", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub xmlns_dc: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns:dlna", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub xmlns_dlna: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns:sec", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub xmlns_sec: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@xmlns:pv", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub xmlns_pv: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "container", default)]
    pub containers: Vec<Container>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "item", default)]
    pub items: Vec<Item>,
}

/// Container pouvant contenir d'autres containers ou items
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema, Reflect)]
pub struct Container {
    #[serde(rename = "@id")]
    pub id: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@parentID")]
    pub parent_id: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@restricted", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub restricted: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@childCount", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub child_count: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "dc:title", alias = "title")]
    pub title: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:class", alias = "class")]
    pub class: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "container", default)]
    pub containers: Vec<Container>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "item", default)]
    pub items: Vec<Item>,
}

/// Item représentant un objet audio
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema, Reflect)]
pub struct Item {
    #[serde(rename = "@id")]
    pub id: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@parentID")]
    pub parent_id: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@restricted", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub restricted: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "dc:title", alias = "title")]
    pub title: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "dc:creator", alias = "creator", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub creator: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:class", alias = "class")]
    pub class: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:artist", alias = "artist", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub artist: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:album", alias = "album", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub album: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:genre", alias = "genre", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub genre: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:albumArtURI", alias = "albumArtURI", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub album_art: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(skip)]
    pub album_art_pk: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "dc:date", alias = "date", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub date: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "upnp:originalTrackNumber", alias = "originalTrackNumber", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub original_track_number: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "res", default)]
    pub resources: Vec<Resource>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "desc", default)]
    pub descriptions: Vec<Description>,
}

/// Ressource média (fichier audio)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema, Reflect)]
pub struct Resource {
    #[serde(rename = "@protocolInfo")]
    pub protocol_info: String,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@bitsPerSample", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub bits_per_sample: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@sampleFrequency", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub sample_frequency: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@nrAudioChannels", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub nr_audio_channels: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@duration", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub duration: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "$text")]
    pub url: String,
}

/// Description avec métadonnées additionnelles (replaygain, etc.)
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema, Reflect)]
pub struct Description {
    #[serde(rename = "@id", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub id: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "@nameSpace", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub namespace: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "track_gain", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub track_gain: Option<String>,
    
    #[serde(rename = "track_peak", skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
    pub track_peak: Option<String>,
}

// ============= Implémentation des méthodes =============

impl DIDLLite {
    /// Itère sur tous les containers de manière récursive
    pub fn all_containers(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Container> {
        AllContainersIter::new(&self.containers)
    }
    
    /// Itère sur tous les items de manière récursive
    pub fn all_items(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Item> {
        AllItemsIter::new(&self.containers, &self.items)
    }
    
    /// Trouve un container par ID
    pub fn get_container_by_id(&self, id: &str) -> Option<&Container> {
        self.all_containers().find(|c| c.id == id)
    }
    
    /// Trouve un item par ID
    pub fn get_item_by_id(&self, id: &str) -> Option<&Item> {
        self.all_items().find(|i| i.id == id)
    }
    
    /// Filtre les containers
    pub fn filter_containers<F>(&self, predicate: F) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Container>
    where
        F: Fn(&Container) -> bool,
    {
        self.all_containers().filter(move |c| predicate(c))
    }
    
    /// Filtre les items
    pub fn filter_items<F>(&self, predicate: F) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Item>
    where
        F: Fn(&Item) -> bool,
    {
        self.all_items().filter(move |i| predicate(i))
    }
    
    /// Génère une représentation Markdown
    pub fn to_markdown(&self) -> String {
        let mut buf = String::new();
        buf.push_str("### DIDL-Lite Document\n\n");
        
        if !self.containers.is_empty() {
            buf.push_str("#### Containers\n\n");
            for container in &self.containers {
                container.write_markdown(&mut buf, 0);
            }
        }
        
        if !self.items.is_empty() {
            buf.push_str("#### Items\n\n");
            for item in &self.items {
                item.write_markdown(&mut buf, 0);
            }
        }
        
        buf
    }
}

impl Container {
    /// Itère sur tous les containers enfants récursivement
    pub fn all_containers(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Container> {
        AllContainersIter::new(&self.containers)
    }
    
    /// Itère sur tous les items de ce container et ses enfants
    pub fn all_items(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Item> {
        AllItemsIter::new(&self.containers, &self.items)
    }
    
    fn write_markdown(&self, buf: &mut String, depth: usize) {
        let indent = "  ".repeat(depth);
        
        writeln!(buf, "{}- **Container**: {}", indent, self.title).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - ID: `{}`", indent, self.id).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - ParentID: `{}`", indent, self.parent_id).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - Class: `{}`", indent, self.class).unwrap();
        
        if let Some(ref restricted) = self.restricted {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Restricted: `{}`", indent, restricted).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref count) = self.child_count {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - ChildCount: `{}`", indent, count).unwrap();
        }
        
        if !self.containers.is_empty() {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Subcontainers:", indent).unwrap();
            for sub in &self.containers {
                sub.write_markdown(buf, depth + 2);
            }
        }
        
        if !self.items.is_empty() {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Items:", indent).unwrap();
            for item in &self.items {
                item.write_markdown(buf, depth + 2);
            }
        }
        
        buf.push('\n');
    }
}

impl Item {
    /// Itère sur les ressources audio uniquement
    pub fn audio_resources(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Resource> {
        self.resources.iter()
            .filter(|r| r.protocol_info.contains("audio/"))
    }
    
    /// Retourne la ressource principale (première disponible)
    pub fn primary_resource(&self) -> Option<&Resource> {
        self.resources.first()
    }
    
    /// Itère sur les métadonnées sous forme de paires clé-valeur
    pub fn metadata(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = (&str, &str)> {
        let mut pairs = Vec::new();
        
        pairs.push(("title", self.title.as_str()));
        
        if let Some(ref artist) = self.artist {
            pairs.push(("artist", artist.as_str()));
        }
        if let Some(ref album) = self.album {
            pairs.push(("album", album.as_str()));
        }
        if let Some(ref genre) = self.genre {
            pairs.push(("genre", genre.as_str()));
        }
        if let Some(ref date) = self.date {
            pairs.push(("date", date.as_str()));
        }
        if let Some(ref track) = self.original_track_number {
            pairs.push(("trackNumber", track.as_str()));
        }
        
        for desc in &self.descriptions {
            if let Some(ref gain) = desc.track_gain {
                pairs.push(("replayGain", gain.as_str()));
            }
            if let Some(ref peak) = desc.track_peak {
                pairs.push(("replayPeak", peak.as_str()));
            }
        }
        
        pairs.into_iter()
    }
    
    fn write_markdown(&self, buf: &mut String, depth: usize) {
        let indent = "  ".repeat(depth);
        
        writeln!(buf, "{}- **Item**: {}", indent, self.title).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - ID: `{}`", indent, self.id).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - ParentID: `{}`", indent, self.parent_id).unwrap();
        writeln!(buf, "{}  - Class: `{}`", indent, self.class).unwrap();
        
        if let Some(ref creator) = self.creator {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Creator: {}", indent, creator).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref artist) = self.artist {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Artist: {}", indent, artist).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref album) = self.album {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Album: {}", indent, album).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref genre) = self.genre {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Genre: {}", indent, genre).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref art) = self.album_art {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Album Art: ![Cover]({})", indent, art).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref date) = self.date {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Date: {}", indent, date).unwrap();
        }
        if let Some(ref track) = self.original_track_number {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Track: {}", indent, track).unwrap();
        }
        
        if !self.resources.is_empty() {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Resources:", indent).unwrap();
            for res in &self.resources {
                writeln!(buf, "{}    - URL: {}", indent, res.url).unwrap();
                writeln!(buf, "{}      - Protocol: `{}`", indent, res.protocol_info).unwrap();
                if let Some(ref dur) = res.duration {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - Duration: `{}`", indent, dur).unwrap();
                }
                if let Some(ref bits) = res.bits_per_sample {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - BitsPerSample: `{}`", indent, bits).unwrap();
                }
                if let Some(ref freq) = res.sample_frequency {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - SampleFrequency: `{}`", indent, freq).unwrap();
                }
                if let Some(ref channels) = res.nr_audio_channels {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - Channels: `{}`", indent, channels).unwrap();
                }
            }
        }
        
        if !self.descriptions.is_empty() {
            writeln!(buf, "{}  - Descriptions:", indent).unwrap();
            for desc in &self.descriptions {
                if let Some(ref ns) = desc.namespace {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}    - Namespace: `{}`", indent, ns).unwrap();
                }
                if let Some(ref gain) = desc.track_gain {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - Track Gain: `{}`", indent, gain).unwrap();
                }
                if let Some(ref peak) = desc.track_peak {
                    writeln!(buf, "{}      - Track Peak: `{}`", indent, peak).unwrap();
                }
            }
        }
        
        buf.push('\n');
    }
}

// ============= Itérateurs personnalisés =============

struct AllContainersIter<'a> {
    stack: Vec<&'a Container>,
}

impl<'a> AllContainersIter<'a> {
    fn new(containers: &'a [Container]) -> Self {
        Self {
            stack: containers.iter().collect(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> Iterator for AllContainersIter<'a> {
    type Item = &'a Container;
    
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        self.stack.pop().map(|container| {
            // Ajouter les enfants à la pile
            self.stack.extend(container.containers.iter());
            container
        })
    }
}

struct AllItemsIter<'a> {
    containers: Vec<&'a Container>,
    current_items: std::slice::Iter<'a, Item>,
}

impl<'a> AllItemsIter<'a> {
    fn new(containers: &'a [Container], items: &'a [Item]) -> Self {
        Self {
            containers: containers.iter().collect(),
            current_items: items.iter(),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> Iterator for AllItemsIter<'a> {
    type Item = &'a Item;
    
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
        loop {
            if let Some(item) = self.current_items.next() {
                return Some(item);
            }
            
            let container = self.containers.pop()?;
            self.containers.extend(container.containers.iter());
            self.current_items = container.items.iter();
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    
    #[test]
    fn test_parse_simple_didl() {
        let xml = r#"
        <DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/"
                   xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
                   xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">
            <item id="1" parentID="0">
                <dc:title>Test Song</dc:title>
                <upnp:class>object.item.audioItem.musicTrack</upnp:class>
                <res protocolInfo="http-get:*:audio/mpeg:*">http://example.com/song.mp3</res>
            </item>
        </DIDL-Lite>
        "#;
        
        let didl = DIDLLite::parse(xml).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(didl.items.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(didl.items[0].title, "Test Song");
    }
    
    #[test]
    fn test_parse_without_namespaces() {
        // Teste un XML sans namespaces explicites (devices UPnP laxistes)
        let xml = r#"
        <DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/">
            <item id="1" parentID="0">
                <title>Test Song</title>
                <class>object.item.audioItem.musicTrack</class>
                <res protocolInfo="http-get:*:audio/mpeg:*">http://example.com/song.mp3</res>
            </item>
        </DIDL-Lite>
        "#;
        
        let didl = DIDLLite::parse(xml).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(didl.items.len(), 1);
        assert_eq!(didl.items[0].title, "Test Song");
    }
    
    #[test]
    fn test_generic_parser() {
        let xml = r#"
        <DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/"
                   xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
                   xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">
        </DIDL-Lite>
        "#;
        
        // Utiliser le parser générique
        let metadata: DidlMetadata = parse_metadata(xml).unwrap();
        
        assert_eq!(metadata.format, "DIDL-Lite");
        assert!(metadata.parsed_at.is_some());
    }
    
    #[test]
    fn test_metadata_map() {
        let xml = r#"
        <DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/"
                   xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
                   xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">
        </DIDL-Lite>
        "#;
        
        let metadata: DidlMetadata = parse_metadata(xml).unwrap();
        
        // Transformer les données
        let item_count = metadata.map(|didl| didl.items.len());
        
        assert_eq!(item_count.format, "DIDL-Lite");
        assert_eq!(item_count.data, 0);
    }
}```

## fichier: `PMOMusic/Cargo.toml`

```toml
[package]
name = "PMOMusic"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig" }
pmoupnp =  { path = "../pmoupnp"}


tokio = { version = "1.35", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "time","signal"] }
tracing = "0.1.41"
tracing-subscriber = "0.3.20"
axum = "0.8.4"
serde_json = "1.0.145"
```

## fichier: `PMOMusic/src/main.rs`

```rust
use pmoupnp::{mediarenderer::avtransport::actions::{SETAVTRANSPORTURI}, server::{
    logs::{log_dump, log_sse, LogState, SseLayer}, ServerBuilder, Webapp
}, UpnpObject}; // ton module pmoupnp::server
use tracing_subscriber::Registry;
use tracing_subscriber::prelude::*;
use tracing::info;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
    // Charger la config

    let mut server = ServerBuilder::new_configured().build();

    // Ajouter des routes
    server
        .add_route("/hello", || async {
            serde_json::json!({"message": "Hello World"})
        })
        .await;

    server
        .add_route("/info", || async {
            serde_json::json!({"version": "1.0.0"})
        })
        .await;

    server.add_spa::<Webapp>("/app").await;

    // Gère la sortie des logs et sur le serveur SSE pour l'interface web et sur la console
    let log_state = LogState::new(1000);
    let subscriber = Registry::default()
        .with(
            tracing_subscriber::fmt::layer()
                .with_target(true)
                .with_level(true)
                .with_ansi(true), // Couleurs dans le terminal
        )
        .with(SseLayer::new(log_state.clone()));
    tracing::subscriber::set_global_default(subscriber).unwrap();

    server
        .add_handler_with_state("/log-sse", log_sse, log_state.clone())
        .await;
    server
        .add_handler_with_state("/log-dump", log_dump, log_state.clone())
        .await;

    server.add_redirect("/", "/app").await;

    info!("{}",SETAVTRANSPORTURI.to_markdown());

    server.start().await;
    server.wait().await;
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/Cargo.toml`

```toml
[package]
name = "pmoupnp"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig" }
pmodidl = { path = "../pmodidl"}

url = "2.5.7"
uuid = "1.18.1"
hex = "0.4.3"
base64 = "0.22.1"
thiserror = "2.0.16"
xmltree = "0.11.0"
get_if_addrs = "0.5.3"
axum = "0.8.4"
tokio = { version = "1.35", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "time"] }
tokio-stream = "0.1"
futures-util = "0.3"
serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
serde_json = "1.0"
chrono = { version = "0.4.42", features = ["serde"] }
log = "0.4.28"
once_cell = "1.20"
parking_lot = "0.12"
tracing = "0.1"
tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["fmt", "env-filter"] }
futures = "0.3"
async-stream = "0.3.6"
axum-server = "0.7.2"
axum-embed = "0.1.0"
rust-embed = "8.7.2"
anyhow = "1.0"
utoipa = { version = "5.4.0", features = ["axum_extras"] }
utoipa-swagger-ui = { version = "9.0.2", features = ["axum"] }
validator = { version = "0.20.0", features = ["derive"] }
bevy_reflect = "0.17.1"
bevy_reflect_derive = "0.17.1"
reqwest = "0.12.23"
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/App.vue`

```vue
<template>
  <div>
    <nav>
      <router-link to="/">Accueil</router-link> |
      <router-link to="/logs">Logs</router-link>
    </nav>
    <router-view />
  </div>
</template>

<script setup lang="ts">
// rien à importer
</script>

<style scoped>
nav {
  background: #333;
  width: 100vw;
  padding: 0.5rem;
}
a {
  color: #eee;
  margin: 0 0.5rem;
}
a.router-link-active {
  font-weight: bold;
  text-decoration: underline;
}
</style>
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/main.ts`

```typescript
import { createApp } from "vue";
import App from "./App.vue";
import router from "./router";

import "./style.css";

createApp(App).use(router).mount("#app");
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/components/LogView.vue`

```vue
<template>
  <div class="log-viewer">
    <div class="header">
      <h2>📋 System Logs</h2>
      <div class="controls">
        <button @click="toggleAutoScroll" :class="{ active: autoScroll }">
          {{ autoScroll ? '📌 Auto-scroll ON' : '📌 Auto-scroll OFF' }}
        </button>
        <button @click="clearLogs">🗑️ Clear</button>
        <select v-model="levelFilter" class="filter">
          <option value="ALL">All Levels</option>
          <option value="TRACE">TRACE</option>
          <option value="DEBUG">DEBUG</option>
          <option value="INFO">INFO</option>
          <option value="WARN">WARN</option>
          <option value="ERROR">ERROR</option>
        </select>
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="log-container" ref="logContainer">
      <div
        v-for="(log, index) in filteredLogs"
        :key="index"
        :class="['log-entry', `level-${log.level.toLowerCase()}`, { 'is-history': log.isHistory }]"
      >
        <span class="timestamp">{{ formatTimestamp(log.timestamp) }}</span>
        <span class="level">{{ log.level }}</span>
        <span class="target">{{ log.target }}</span>
        <span class="message markdown-content" v-html="renderMarkdown(log.message)"></span>
      </div>
      
      <div v-if="isLoadingHistory" class="loading-state">
        ⏳ Loading history...
      </div>
      
      <div v-else-if="filteredLogs.length === 0" class="empty-state">
        {{ isConnected ? 'Waiting for logs...' : 'Connecting to log stream...' }}
      </div>
    </div>

    <div class="footer">
      <span :class="['status', { connected: isConnected }]">
        {{ isConnected ? '🟢 Connected' : '🔴 Disconnected' }}
      </span>
      <span class="count">{{ filteredLogs.length }} logs</span>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script setup>
import { ref, computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, watch, nextTick } from 'vue'
import { marked } from 'marked'
import DOMPurify from 'dompurify'

// Configurer marked pour un rendu inline simple
marked.setOptions({
  breaks: true,
  gfm: true,
})

const logs = ref([])
const autoScroll = ref(true)
const isConnected = ref(false)
const isLoadingHistory = ref(true)
const levelFilter = ref('ALL')
const logContainer = ref(null)
let eventSource = null
let historyLoaded = false
const seenLogIds = new Set() // Pour détecter les duplicatas

const filteredLogs = computed(() => {
  if (levelFilter.value === 'ALL') {
    return logs.value
  }
  return logs.value.filter(log => log.level === levelFilter.value)
})

function formatTimestamp(timestamp) {
  const date = new Date(timestamp.secs_since_epoch * 1000)
  return date.toLocaleTimeString('fr-FR', {
    hour: '2-digit',
    minute: '2-digit',
    second: '2-digit',
    fractionalSecondDigits: 3
  })
}

function renderMarkdown(text) {
  // Convertir markdown en HTML et nettoyer pour la sécurité
  const rawHtml = marked.parse(text, { async: false })
  return DOMPurify.sanitize(rawHtml, {
    ALLOWED_TAGS: ['strong', 'em', 'code', 'pre', 'a', 'ul', 'ol', 'li', 'p', 'br'],
    ALLOWED_ATTR: ['href', 'target']
  })
}

function toggleAutoScroll() {
  autoScroll.value = !autoScroll.value
  if (autoScroll.value) {
    scrollToBottom()
  }
}

function clearLogs() {
  logs.value = []
  seenLogIds.clear()
}

function scrollToBottom() {
  if (!logContainer.value || !autoScroll.value) return
  nextTick(() => {
    logContainer.value.scrollTop = logContainer.value.scrollHeight
  })
}

function connectSSE() {
  // Ajuste l'URL selon ton setup
  const baseUrl = window.location.origin
  eventSource = new EventSource(`${baseUrl}/log-sse`)

  eventSource.onopen = () => {
    isConnected.value = true
    console.log('SSE connection opened')
  }

  eventSource.onmessage = (event) => {
    try {
      const logEntry = JSON.parse(event.data)
      
      // Créer un ID unique basé sur timestamp + message + target
      const logId = `${logEntry.timestamp.secs_since_epoch}-${logEntry.timestamp.nanos_since_epoch}-${logEntry.message}-${logEntry.target}`
      
      // Ignorer les duplicatas
      if (seenLogIds.has(logId)) {
        return
      }
      seenLogIds.add(logId)
      
      // Marquer les logs historiques
      if (!historyLoaded) {
        logEntry.isHistory = true
      }
      
      logs.value.push(logEntry)
      
      // Limiter à 1000 logs en mémoire
      if (logs.value.length > 1000) {
        const removed = logs.value.shift()
        // Nettoyer aussi le Set pour éviter qu'il grandisse indéfiniment
        const removedId = `${removed.timestamp.secs_since_epoch}-${removed.timestamp.nanos_since_epoch}-${removed.message}-${removed.target}`
        seenLogIds.delete(removedId)
      }
      
      scrollToBottom()
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Failed to parse log entry:', error)
    }
  }

  eventSource.onerror = () => {
    isConnected.value = false
    isLoadingHistory.value = false
    console.error('SSE connection error')
    
    // Reconnexion automatique après 3 secondes
    setTimeout(() => {
      if (eventSource.readyState === EventSource.CLOSED) {
        historyLoaded = false
        connectSSE()
      }
    }, 3000)
  }

  // Détecter la fin du chargement de l'historique
  // (on considère qu'après 500ms sans log, l'historique est chargé)
  let historyTimeout
  const originalOnMessage = eventSource.onmessage
  eventSource.onmessage = (event) => {
    clearTimeout(historyTimeout)
    originalOnMessage(event)
    
    if (!historyLoaded) {
      historyTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
        historyLoaded = true
        isLoadingHistory.value = false
        console.log('History loaded, now streaming live logs')
      }, 500)
    }
  }
}

onMounted(() => {
  connectSSE()
})

onUnmounted(() => {
  if (eventSource) {
    eventSource.close()
  }
})

// Désactiver auto-scroll si l'utilisateur scroll manuellement
watch(logContainer, (container) => {
  if (!container) return
  
  container.addEventListener('scroll', () => {
    const isAtBottom = 
      container.scrollHeight - container.scrollTop <= container.clientHeight + 50
    
    if (!isAtBottom && autoScroll.value) {
      autoScroll.value = false
    }
  })
})
</script>

<style scoped>
.log-viewer {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 80vh;
  width: 100vw;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: #1e1e1e;
  color: #d4d4d4;
  font-family: 'Consolas', 'Monaco', monospace;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 1rem 1.5rem;
  background: #252526;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #3e3e42;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.header h2 {
  margin: 0;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .header {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  }
  
  .header h2 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    width: 100%;
  }
}

.controls {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .controls {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: space-between;
  }
}

button {
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  background: #3c3c3c;
  color: #d4d4d4;
  border: 1px solid #555;
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  transition: all 0.2s;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  button {
    padding: 0.4rem 0.7rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
  }
}

button:hover {
  background: #505050;
}

button.active {
  background: #0e639c;
  border-color: #1177bb;
}

.filter {
  padding: 0.5rem;
  background: #3c3c3c;
  color: #d4d4d4;
  border: 1px solid #555;
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .filter {
    padding: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;
  }
}

.log-container {
  flex: 1;
  overflow-y: auto;
  padding: 1rem;
  background: #1e1e1e;
}

.log-entry {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 130px 80px 200px 1fr;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .log-entry {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 0.5rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    border-left-width: 4px;
  }
}

.log-entry:hover {
  background: #2d2d30;
}

.log-entry.is-history {
  opacity: 0.7;
}

.timestamp {
  color: #858585;
  font-weight: 500;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .timestamp {
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    order: 1;
  }
}

.level {
  font-weight: bold;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.1rem 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 3px;
  text-align: center;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .level {
    order: 2;
    width: fit-content;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
  }
}

.target {
  color: #4ec9b0;
  font-style: italic;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .target {
    order: 3;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    color: #6eb8a5;
  }
}

.message {
  color: #d4d4d4;
  word-break: break-word;
  text-align: left;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .message {
    order: 4;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
  }
}

.markdown-content {
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.markdown-content :deep(code) {
  background: #3c3c3c;
  padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
  border-radius: 3px;
  font-family: 'Consolas', 'Monaco', monospace;
  font-size: 0.85em;
  color: #ce9178;
}

.markdown-content :deep(pre) {
  background: #2d2d30;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 0.25rem 0;
}

.markdown-content :deep(pre code) {
  background: transparent;
  padding: 0;
  color: #d4d4d4;
}

.markdown-content :deep(strong) {
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.markdown-content :deep(em) {
  color: #dcdcaa;
  font-style: italic;
}

.markdown-content :deep(a) {
  color: #569cd6;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.markdown-content :deep(a:hover) {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.markdown-content :deep(p) {
  margin: 0;
  display: inline;
}

.markdown-content :deep(ul),
.markdown-content :deep(ol) {
  margin: 0.25rem 0;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

/* Level colors */
.level-trace {
  border-left-color: #808080;
}

.level-trace .level {
  background: #3a3a3a;
  color: #a0a0a0;
}

.level-debug {
  border-left-color: #569cd6;
}

.level-debug .level {
  background: #1e3a5f;
  color: #569cd6;
}

.level-info {
  border-left-color: #4ec9b0;
}

.level-info .level {
  background: #1e4d42;
  color: #4ec9b0;
}

.level-warn {
  border-left-color: #dcdcaa;
}

.level-warn .level {
  background: #4d4d2a;
  color: #dcdcaa;
}

.level-error {
  border-left-color: #f48771;
}

.level-error .level {
  background: #5a1e1e;
  color: #f48771;
}

.empty-state {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 3rem;
  color: #858585;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.loading-state {
  text-align: center;
  padding: 3rem;
  color: #569cd6;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  animation: pulse 1.5s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes pulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
  50% { opacity: 0.5; }
}

.footer {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
  background: #252526;
  border-top: 1px solid #3e3e42;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .footer {
    padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
  }
}

.status {
  color: #f48771;
}

.status.connected {
  color: #4ec9b0;
}

.count {
  color: #858585;
}

/* Scrollbar styling */
.log-container::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 12px;
}

.log-container::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: #1e1e1e;
}

.log-container::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: #424242;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.log-container::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: #4e4e4e;
}
</style>```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/components/HelloWorld.vue`

```vue
<script setup lang="ts">
import { ref } from 'vue'

defineProps<{ msg: string }>()

const count = ref(0)
</script>

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>

  <div class="card">
    <button type="button" @click="count++">count is {{ count }}</button>
    <p>
      Edit
      <code>components/HelloWorld.vue</code> to test HMR
    </p>
  </div>

  <p>
    Check out
    <a href="https://vuejs.org/guide/quick-start.html#local" target="_blank"
      >create-vue</a
    >, the official Vue + Vite starter
  </p>
  <p>
    Learn more about IDE Support for Vue in the
    <a
      href="https://vuejs.org/guide/scaling-up/tooling.html#ide-support"
      target="_blank"
      >Vue Docs Scaling up Guide</a
    >.
  </p>
  <p class="read-the-docs">Click on the Vite and Vue logos to learn more</p>
</template>

<style scoped>
.read-the-docs {
  color: #888;
}
</style>
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/style.css`

```css
:root {
  font-family: system-ui, Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  line-height: 1.5;
  font-weight: 400;

  color-scheme: light dark;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.87);
  background-color: #242424;

  font-synthesis: none;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

a {
  font-weight: 500;
  color: #646cff;
  text-decoration: inherit;
}
a:hover {
  color: #535bf2;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  place-items: center;
  min-width: 320px;
  min-height: 100vh;
  width: 100vw;
}

h1 {
  font-size: 3.2em;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

button {
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  padding: 0.6em 1.2em;
  font-size: 1em;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-family: inherit;
  background-color: #1a1a1a;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color 0.25s;
}
button:hover {
  border-color: #646cff;
}
button:focus,
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 4px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
}

.card {
  padding: 2em;
}

#app {
  max-width: 1280px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {
  :root {
    color: #213547;
    background-color: #ffffff;
  }
  a:hover {
    color: #747bff;
  }
  button {
    background-color: #f9f9f9;
  }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/shims-vue.d.ts`

```typescript
declare module "*.vue" {
  import { DefineComponent } from "vue";
  const component: DefineComponent<{}, {}, any>;
  export default component;
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/webapp/src/router/index.ts`

```typescript
import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from "vue-router";
import HelloWorld from "../components/HelloWorld.vue";
import LogView from "../components/LogView.vue";

const routes = [
  { path: "/", name: "home", component: HelloWorld },
  { path: "/logs", name: "logs", component: LogView },
];

const router = createRouter({
  // history avec base /app
  history: createWebHistory("/app"),
  routes,
});

export default router;
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/errors.rs`

```rust
use thiserror::Error;



#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum StateVariableError {
    #[error("Conversion error: {0}")]
    ConversionError(String),
    
    #[error("Validation error: {0}")]
    ValidationError(String),
    
    #[error("Range error: {0}")]
    RangeError(String),
    
    #[error("Type error: {0}")]
    TypeError(String),
    
    #[error("Parse error: {0}")]
    ParseError(String),
    
    #[error("Event condition error: {0}")]
    EventConditionError(String),
    
    #[error("Arithmetic error: {0}")]
    ArithmeticError(String),
    
    #[error("Unknown error: {0}")]
    Unknown(String),
}

impl From<std::num::TryFromIntError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: std::num::TryFromIntError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("Integer conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<std::str::ParseBoolError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: std::str::ParseBoolError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("Boolean conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<uuid::Error> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: uuid::Error) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("UUID conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<chrono::ParseError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: chrono::ParseError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("Time conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<url::ParseError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: url::ParseError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("URI conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<base64::DecodeError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: base64::DecodeError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("Base64 conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<hex::FromHexError> for StateVariableError {
    fn from(err: hex::FromHexError) -> Self {
        StateVariableError::ConversionError(format!("Hex conversion error: {}", err))
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/object_set.rs`

```rust
use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};

use std::sync::RwLock;

use crate::{UpnpDeepClone, UpnpObjectSet, UpnpObjectSetError, UpnpTypedObject};

/// Implémentation du clonage profond pour `UpnpObjectSet`.
///
/// Cette implémentation crée une copie complète et indépendante du set,
/// en clonant chaque objet `T` et en créant de nouveaux `Arc` autour de ces clones.
/// Les modifications sur l'un des sets n'affectent pas l'autre.
impl<T: UpnpTypedObject> UpnpDeepClone for UpnpObjectSet<T> {
    fn deep_clone(&self) -> Self {
        let guard = self.objects.read().unwrap();

        let cloned_map: HashMap<String, Arc<T>> = guard
            .iter()
            .map(|(key, arc)| (key.clone(), Arc::new((**arc).clone())))
            .collect();

        Self {
            objects: RwLock::new(cloned_map),
        }
    }
}

/// Implémentation du clonage superficiel pour `UpnpObjectSet`.
///
/// Cette implémentation crée une copie du set qui **partage** les objets `T`
/// via les `Arc`. C'est beaucoup plus rapide et économe en mémoire qu'un clonage
/// profond, car seuls les pointeurs `Arc` sont clonés (incrémentation du compteur
/// de références).
///
/// # Note
///
/// Les deux sets partagent les mêmes instances d'objets `T`. Si `T` contient
/// de la mutabilité interne (via `Mutex`, `RwLock`, etc.), les modifications
/// seront visibles depuis les deux sets.
impl<T: UpnpTypedObject> Clone for UpnpObjectSet<T> {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        let guard = self.objects.read().unwrap();

        Self {
            objects: RwLock::new(guard.clone()),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: UpnpTypedObject> UpnpObjectSet<T> {
    /// Crée un nouveau `UpnpObjectSet` vide.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let set: UpnpObjectSet<MyObject> = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// ```
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            objects: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()),
        }
    }

    /// Insère un objet dans le set.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `object` - L'objet à insérer, encapsulé dans un `Arc`
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// * `Ok(())` - Si l'insertion a réussi
    /// * `Err(UpnpObjectSetError::AlreadyExists)` - Si un objet avec le même nom existe déjà
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let mut set = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// let obj = Arc::new(MyObject::new("test"));
    /// set.insert(obj)?;
    /// ```
    pub fn insert(&mut self, object: Arc<T>) -> Result<(), UpnpObjectSetError> {
        let mut guard = self.objects.write().unwrap();
        let key = object.get_name().to_string();

        if guard.contains_key(&key) {
            return Err(UpnpObjectSetError::AlreadyExists(key));
        }

        guard.insert(key, object);
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Insère un objet dans le set, ou remplace l'objet existant s'il y en a un avec le même nom.
    ///
    /// Cette méthode ne retourne jamais d'erreur et écrase silencieusement tout objet existant.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `object` - L'objet à insérer ou remplacer, encapsulé dans un `Arc`
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let mut set = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// let obj1 = Arc::new(MyObject::new("test"));
    /// let obj2 = Arc::new(MyObject::new("test")); // Même nom
    /// 
    /// set.insert_or_replace(obj1);
    /// set.insert_or_replace(obj2); // Remplace obj1
    /// ```
    pub fn insert_or_replace(&mut self, object: Arc<T>) {
        let mut guard = self.objects.write().unwrap();
        let key: String = object.get_name().to_string();

        guard.insert(key, object);
    }

    /// Vérifie si le set contient un objet donné.
    ///
    /// La vérification se base sur le nom de l'objet retourné par `get_name()`.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `object` - L'objet à rechercher
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si un objet avec le même nom existe dans le set, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let set = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// let obj = Arc::new(MyObject::new("test"));
    /// 
    /// if set.contains(obj.clone()) {
    ///     println!("L'objet existe déjà");
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn contains(&self, object: Arc<T>) -> bool {
        let guard = self.objects.read().unwrap();
        let key: String = object.get_name().to_string();

        guard.contains_key(&key)
    }

    /// Récupère un objet par son nom.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Le nom de l'objet à rechercher
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// * `Some(Arc<T>)` - Si un objet avec ce nom existe
    /// * `None` - Si aucun objet n'est trouvé
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let set = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// 
    /// if let Some(obj) = set.get_by_name("test") {
    ///     println!("Objet trouvé: {}", obj.get_name());
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn get_by_name(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Arc<T>> {
        let guard = self.objects.read().unwrap();
        guard.get(name).cloned()
    }

    /// Retourne tous les objets du set.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Un vecteur contenant des clones des `Arc` pointant vers tous les objets du set.
    /// L'ordre des éléments n'est pas garanti.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// let set = UpnpObjectSet::new();
    /// 
    /// for obj in set.all() {
    ///     println!("Objet: {}", obj.get_name());
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Thread-safety
    ///
    /// Cette méthode acquiert un verrou de lecture. Plusieurs threads peuvent
    /// appeler cette méthode simultanément sans blocage.
    pub fn all(&self) -> Vec<Arc<T>> {
        let guard = self.objects.read().unwrap();
        guard.values().cloned().collect()
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/instance_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::fmt;

use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
use std::sync::RwLock;
use xmltree::Element;

use crate::{
    object_trait::{UpnpInstance, UpnpObject}, 
    state_variables::{StateVarInstance, StateVariable, UpnpVariable}, 
    variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError, UpnpVarType}, 
    UpnpObjectType, UpnpTyped, UpnpTypedInstance
};

impl UpnpVariable for StateVarInstance {
    fn get_definition(&self) -> &StateVariable {
        return &self.model;
    }
}

impl UpnpObject for StateVarInstance {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        self.get_definition().to_xml_element()
    }
}

impl UpnpVarType for StateVarInstance {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> crate::variable_types::StateVarType {
        self.get_definition().as_state_var_type()
    }
}

impl UpnpInstance for StateVarInstance {
    type Model = StateVariable;

    fn new(from: &StateVariable) -> Self {
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name: from.object.name.clone(),
                object_type: "StateVarInstance".to_string(),
            },
            model: from.clone(),
            value: RwLock::new(from.get_default()),
            old_value: RwLock::new(from.get_default()),
            last_modified: RwLock::new(Utc::now()),
            last_notification: RwLock::new(Utc::now()),
        }
    }

}

impl UpnpTyped for StateVarInstance {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        return &self.object;
    }
}

impl UpnpTypedInstance for StateVarInstance {

    fn get_model(&self) -> &Self::Model {
        &self.model
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for StateVarInstance {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("StateVarInstance")
            .field("object", &self.object)
            .field("model", &self.model)
            .field("value", &self.value)
            .field("old_value", &self.old_value)
            .field("last_modified", &self.last_modified)
            .field("last_notification", &self.last_notification)
            .finish()
    }
}

impl Clone for StateVarInstance {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        Self {
            object: self.object.clone(),
            model: self.model.clone(),
            value: RwLock::new(self.value.read().unwrap().clone()),
            old_value: RwLock::new(self.old_value.read().unwrap().clone()),
            last_modified: RwLock::new(self.last_modified.read().unwrap().clone()),
            last_notification: RwLock::new(self.last_notification.read().unwrap().clone()),
        }
    }
}

impl StateVarInstance {
    pub async fn set_value(&self, new_value: StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        // Validation du type
        if self.as_state_var_type() != new_value.as_state_var_type() {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Value type mismatch".to_string()
            ));
        }
        
        // Mise à jour avec les locks
        let mut old_val = self.old_value.write().unwrap();
        let mut val = self.value.write().unwrap();
        let mut modified = self.last_modified.write().unwrap();
        
        *old_val = val.clone();
        *val = new_value;
        *modified = Utc::now();
        
        Ok(())
    }
    /// Accès à la valeur
    pub fn value(&self) -> StateValue {
        self.value.read().unwrap().clone()
    }

    /// Accès au timestamp
    pub fn last_modified(&self) -> DateTime<Utc> {
        self.last_modified.read().unwrap().clone()
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/var_set_methods.rs`

```rust
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{object_trait::UpnpModel, state_variables::{StateVarInstanceSet, StateVariableSet}, UpnpObject};


impl UpnpObject for StateVariableSet {

    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("serviceStateTable");
        
        for state_var in self.all() {
            let state_var_elem = state_var.to_xml_element(); // retourne un <stateVariable> complet
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(state_var_elem));
        }

        elem
    }

}

impl UpnpModel for StateVariableSet {
    type Instance = StateVarInstanceSet;
}


```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/variable_trait.rs`

```rust
use crate::{
    state_variables::StateVariable,
    variable_types::{StateValue, UpnpVarType},
};

/// Trait pour accéder aux propriétés et contraintes d'une variable UPnP.
///
/// Ce trait fournit une interface uniforme pour interroger les métadonnées,
/// contraintes et comportements d'une variable UPnP, qu'il s'agisse d'une
/// définition ([`StateVariable`]) ou d'une instance ([`StateVarInstance`]).
///
/// # Architecture
///
/// Le trait utilise le pattern "trait avec implémentation par défaut" :
/// - Une seule méthode requise : [`get_definition`](Self::get_definition)
/// - Toutes les autres méthodes sont implémentées par défaut en déléguant à la définition
///
/// Cela permet une interface cohérente entre modèles et instances sans duplication de code.
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpVariable
///     ├─> StateVariable (get_definition() retourne self)
///     └─> StateVarInstance (get_definition() retourne self.definition)
/// ```
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// fn display_variable_info<V: UpnpVariable>(var: &V) {
///     println!("Variable: {}", var.get_definition().get_name());
///     
///     if var.has_default() {
///         println!("Default: {:?}", var.get_default());
///     }
///     
///     if var.has_range() {
///         println!("Has range constraints");
///     }
///     
///     if var.has_allowed_values() {
///         println!("Has allowed values list");
///     }
/// }
/// ```
pub trait UpnpVariable {
    /// Retourne une référence vers la définition de la variable.
    ///
    /// Cette méthode est la base de toutes les autres méthodes du trait.
    ///
    /// # Implementation
    ///
    /// - Pour [`StateVariable`] : retourne `self`
    /// - Pour [`StateVarInstance`] : retourne `self.definition`
    fn get_definition(&self) -> &StateVariable;

    /// Indique si la variable a un pas (step) défini.
    ///
    /// Le pas définit l'incrément minimal entre deux valeurs valides pour
    /// les types numériques.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si un pas est défini, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// if var.has_step() {
    ///     println!("Step: {:?}", var.get_step());
    /// }
    /// ```
    fn has_step(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().step.is_some()
    }

    /// Retourne le pas (step) de la variable s'il est défini.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Some(StateValue)` si un pas est défini
    /// - `None` sinon
    ///
    /// # See also
    ///
    /// - [`has_step`](Self::has_step) pour tester l'existence
    fn get_step(&self) -> Option<StateValue> {
        self.get_definition().step.clone()
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a une plage de valeurs (range) définie.
    ///
    /// La plage définit les valeurs minimale et maximale acceptables.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si une plage est définie, `false` sinon.
    fn has_range(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().value_range.is_some()
    }

    /// Indique si la variable est modifiable.
    ///
    /// Une variable non modifiable est en lecture seule.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si la variable peut être modifiée, `false` sinon.
    fn is_modifiable(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().modifiable
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a des conditions d'événement définies.
    ///
    /// Les conditions d'événement déterminent quand des notifications
    /// doivent être envoyées lors de changements de valeur.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si au moins une condition d'événement existe, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Retourne `false` si le lock est empoisonné (poisoned).
    fn has_event_conditions(&self) -> bool {
        let guard = self.get_definition().event_conditions.read().unwrap();
        !guard.is_empty()
    }

    /// Vérifie si une condition d'événement spécifique existe.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Le nom de la condition à rechercher
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si la condition existe, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Retourne `false` si le lock est empoisonné (poisoned).
    fn has_event_condition(&self, name: &String) -> bool {
        let guard = self.get_definition().event_conditions.read().unwrap();
        guard.contains_key(name)
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a une description non vide.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si une description existe et n'est pas vide, `false` sinon.
    fn has_description(&self) -> bool {
        !self.get_definition().description.is_empty()
    }

    /// Retourne la description de la variable.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// La description sous forme de `String`. Peut être vide.
    ///
    /// # See also
    ///
    /// - [`has_description`](Self::has_description) pour tester si non vide
    fn get_description(&self) -> String {
        self.get_definition().description.clone()
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a une valeur par défaut définie explicitement.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si une valeur par défaut est explicitement définie, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Même si cette méthode retourne `false`, [`get_default`](Self::get_default)
    /// retournera toujours une valeur (la valeur par défaut du type).
    fn has_default(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().default_value.is_some()
    }

    /// Retourne la valeur par défaut de la variable.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// La valeur par défaut. Si aucune valeur par défaut n'est explicitement
    /// définie, retourne la valeur par défaut du type de la variable
    /// (ex: 0 pour les entiers, chaîne vide pour String, etc.).
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// let default = var.get_default();
    /// println!("Default value: {:?}", default);
    /// ```
    fn get_default(&self) -> StateValue {
        self.get_definition()
            .default_value
            .clone()
            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.get_definition().as_state_var_type().default_value())
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a une liste de valeurs autorisées.
    ///
    /// Lorsqu'une liste de valeurs autorisées est définie, seules ces valeurs
    /// sont acceptables pour la variable.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si une liste non vide de valeurs autorisées existe, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Retourne `false` si le lock est empoisonné (poisoned).
    fn has_allowed_values(&self) -> bool {
        let guard = self.get_definition()
            .allowed_values
            .read().unwrap();

        !guard.is_empty()
    }

    /// Vérifie si une valeur fait partie des valeurs autorisées.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `value` - La valeur à vérifier
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si la valeur est dans la liste des valeurs autorisées, `false` sinon.
    /// Retourne également `false` si aucune liste de valeurs autorisées n'est définie
    /// ou si le lock est empoisonné.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// let value = StateValue::String("ON".to_string());
    /// if var.is_an_allowed_value(&value) {
    ///     println!("Value is allowed");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Si aucune liste de valeurs autorisées n'est définie, cette méthode
    /// retourne `false`. Utilisez [`has_allowed_values`](Self::has_allowed_values)
    /// pour distinguer "pas de liste" de "valeur non autorisée".
    fn is_an_allowed_value(&self, value: &StateValue) -> bool {
        let guard = self.get_definition()
            .allowed_values
            .read().unwrap();

        guard.contains(value)
    }

    /// Indique si la variable envoie des notifications d'événement.
    ///
    /// Les notifications d'événement sont envoyées aux abonnés lorsque
    /// la valeur de la variable change.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si les notifications sont activées, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # See also
    ///
    /// - [`has_event_conditions`](Self::has_event_conditions) pour vérifier
    ///   les conditions d'envoi d'événements
    fn is_sending_notification(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().send_events
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a un parser de valeur personnalisé.
    ///
    /// Un parser personnalisé est utilisé pour convertir des chaînes de
    /// caractères en valeurs typées. Disponible uniquement pour les variables
    /// de type String.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si un parser est défini, `false` sinon.
    fn has_value_parser(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().parse.is_some()
    }

    /// Indique si la variable a un marshaler de valeur personnalisé.
    ///
    /// Un marshaler personnalisé est utilisé pour sérialiser des valeurs
    /// en chaînes de caractères. Disponible uniquement pour les variables
    /// de type String.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si un marshaler est défini, `false` sinon.
    fn has_value_marshaler(&self) -> bool {
        self.get_definition().marshal.is_some()
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/mod.rs`

```rust
mod errors;
mod instance_methods;
mod variable_methods;
mod var_set_methods;
mod var_inst_set_methods;
mod variable_trait;

use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    sync::Arc,
};

pub use crate::state_variables::variable_trait::UpnpVariable;
use bevy_reflect::Reflect;
use chrono::{DateTime, Utc};
pub use errors::StateVariableError;
use std::sync::RwLock;

use crate::{
    value_ranges::ValueRange, 
    variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType}, 
    UpnpObjectSet, UpnpObjectType,
};

/// Type pour les fonctions de condition d'événement
pub type StateConditionFunc = Arc<dyn Fn(&StateVarInstance) -> bool + Send + Sync>;

/// Type pour les fonctions de parsing de valeurs depuis des chaînes
pub type StringValueParser =
    Arc<dyn Fn(&str) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, StateVariableError> + Send + Sync>;

/// Type pour les fonctions de sérialisation de valeurs vers des chaînes
pub type ValueSerializer =
    Arc<dyn Fn(&StateValue) -> Result<String, StateVariableError> + Send + Sync>;

pub struct StateVariable {
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    value_type: StateVarType,
    step: Option<StateValue>,
    modifiable: bool,
    event_conditions: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, StateConditionFunc>>>,
    description: String,
    default_value: Option<StateValue>,
    value_range: Option<ValueRange>,
    allowed_values: Arc<RwLock<Vec<StateValue>>>,
    send_events: bool,
    parse: Option<StringValueParser>,
    marshal: Option<ValueSerializer>,
}

pub type StateVariableSet = UpnpObjectSet<StateVariable>;

pub struct StateVarInstance {
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    model: StateVariable,
    value: RwLock<StateValue>,
    old_value: RwLock<StateValue>,
    last_modified: RwLock<DateTime<Utc>>,
    last_notification: RwLock<DateTime<Utc>>,
}

pub type StateVarInstanceSet = UpnpObjectSet<StateVarInstance>;

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/var_inst_set_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::collections::HashMap;

use std::sync::RwLock;
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{state_variables::{StateVarInstanceSet, StateVariableSet}, UpnpObject};

use crate::UpnpInstance;

impl UpnpObject for StateVarInstanceSet {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("serviceStateTable");
        
        for state_var in self.all() {
            let state_var_elem = state_var.to_xml_element(); // retourne un <stateVariable> complet
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(state_var_elem));
        }

        elem
    }
}

impl UpnpInstance for StateVarInstanceSet {
    type Model = StateVariableSet;

    fn new(_: &StateVariableSet) -> Self {
        Self { objects: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()) }
    }


}


```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/errors.rs`

```rust
use thiserror::Error;

#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum StateVariableError {
    #[error("Conversion error: {0}")]
    ConversionError(String),

    #[error("Validation error: {0}")]
    ValidationError(String),

    #[error("Range error: {0}")]
    RangeError(String),

    #[error("Type error: {0}")]
    TypeError(String),

    #[error("Parse error: {0}")]
    ParseError(String),

    #[error("Event condition error: {0}")]
    EventConditionError(String),

    #[error("Arithmetic error: {0}")]
    ArithmeticError(String),

    #[error("Unknown error: {0}")]
    Unknown(String),
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/state_variables/variable_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    fmt,
    sync::Arc,
};

use std::sync::RwLock;
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{
    UpnpObjectType, UpnpTyped,
    object_trait::{UpnpModel, UpnpObject},
    state_variables::{
        StateConditionFunc, StateVarInstance, StateVariable, StringValueParser, ValueSerializer,
        variable_trait::UpnpVariable,
    },
    value_ranges::ValueRange,
    variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError, StateVarType, UpnpVarType},
};

impl UpnpTyped for StateVariable {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        &self.object
    }
}

impl UpnpVarType for StateVariable {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> StateVarType {
        self.value_type.as_state_var_type() // utilise ton From<&StateValue> existant
    }
}

impl UpnpObject for StateVariable {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        // Création de l'élément racine <stateVariable>
        let mut root = Element::new("stateVariable");
        root.attributes.insert(
            "sendEvents".to_string(),
            if self.send_events { "yes" } else { "no" }.to_string(),
        );

        // <name>
        let mut name_elem = Element::new("name");
        name_elem
            .children
            .push(XMLNode::Text(self.get_name().clone()));

        // <dataType>
        let mut datatype_elem = Element::new("dataType");
        datatype_elem
            .children
            .push(XMLNode::Text(self.value_type.to_string())); // StateVarType doit impl Display

        // <defaultValue> si défini
        if let Some(default) = &self.default_value {
            let mut def_elem = Element::new("defaultValue");
            def_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(default.to_string()));
            root.children.push(XMLNode::Element(def_elem));
        }

        // <allowedValueList> si défini
        let av = self.allowed_values.read().unwrap();
        if !av.is_empty() {
            let mut list_elem = Element::new("allowedValueList");
            for val in av.iter() {
                let mut val_elem = Element::new("allowedValue");
                val_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(val.to_string()));
                list_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(val_elem));
            }
            root.children.push(XMLNode::Element(list_elem));
        }

        // <allowedValueRange> si défini
        if let Some(range) = &self.value_range {
            let mut range_elem = Element::new("allowedValueRange");

            let mut min_elem = Element::new("minimum");
            min_elem
                .children
                .push(XMLNode::Text(range.get_minimum().to_string()));
            range_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(min_elem));

            let mut max_elem = Element::new("maximum");
            max_elem
                .children
                .push(XMLNode::Text(range.get_maximum().to_string()));
            range_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(max_elem));

            if let Some(step) = &self.step {
                let mut step_elem = Element::new("step");
                step_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(step.to_string()));
                range_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(step_elem));
            }

            root.children.push(XMLNode::Element(range_elem));
        }

        // Ajouter les enfants communs
        root.children.push(XMLNode::Element(name_elem));
        root.children.push(XMLNode::Element(datatype_elem));

        root
    }
}

impl UpnpModel for StateVariable {
    type Instance = StateVarInstance;
}

impl Clone for StateVariable {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        // clone safe des structures protégées par RwLock en prenant un read lock
        let event_conditions_clone = {
            // si le lock est "poisoned" on panic - tu peux adapter la gestion si tu veux
            let guard = self
                .event_conditions
                .read().unwrap();
            // nécessite que Key: Clone, Value: Clone
            Arc::new(RwLock::new(guard.clone()))
        };

        let allowed_values_clone = {
            let guard = self
                .allowed_values
                .read().unwrap();
            Arc::new(RwLock::new(guard.clone()))
        };

        Self {
            object: self.object.clone(),
            value_type: self.value_type.clone(),
            step: self.step.clone(),
            modifiable: self.modifiable,
            event_conditions: event_conditions_clone,
            description: self.description.clone(),
            default_value: self.default_value.clone(),
            value_range: self.value_range.clone(),
            allowed_values: allowed_values_clone,
            send_events: self.send_events,
            // parse et marshal sont typiquement des Arc<dyn ...> — on clone l'Arc (shallow).
            // Deep-cloner une closure ou un trait-objet n'est pas possible en général.
            parse: self.parse.clone(),
            marshal: self.marshal.clone(),
        }
    }
}

impl fmt::Debug for StateVariable {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("StateVariable")
            .field("object", &self.object)
            .field("value_type", &self.value_type)
            .field("step", &self.step)
            .field("modifiable", &self.modifiable)
            .field(
                "event_conditions",
                &format_args!(
                    "len={}",
                    self.event_conditions.read().unwrap().len()
                ),
            )
            .field("description", &self.description)
            .field("default_value", &self.default_value)
            .field("value_range", &self.value_range)
            .field(
                "allowed_values",
                &format_args!(
                    "len={}",
                    self.allowed_values.read().unwrap().len()
                ),
            )
            .field("send_events", &self.send_events)
            .field(
                "parse",
                &self
                    .parse
                    .as_ref()
                    .map(|_| "Some(StringValueParser)")
                    .unwrap_or("None"),
            )
            .field(
                "marshal",
                &self
                    .marshal
                    .as_ref()
                    .map(|_| "Some(ValueSerializer)")
                    .unwrap_or("None"),
            )
            .finish()
    }
}

impl UpnpVariable for StateVariable {
    fn get_definition(&self) -> &StateVariable {
        return self;
    }
}

impl StateVariable {
    pub fn new(vartype: StateVarType, name: String) -> StateVariable {
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name,
                object_type: "StateVariable".to_string(),
            },
            value_type: vartype.clone(),
            step: None,
            modifiable: true,
            event_conditions: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
            description: "".to_string(),
            default_value: None,
            value_range: None,
            allowed_values: Arc::new(RwLock::new(Vec::new())),
            send_events: false,
            parse: None,
            marshal: None,
        }
    }

    pub fn set_step(&mut self, step: StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if self.as_state_var_type() != step.as_state_var_type() {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Bad step type".to_string()));
        }

        self.step = Some(step);
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn set_range(&mut self, min: &StateValue, max: &StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if self.as_state_var_type() != min.as_state_var_type() {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Bad range type".to_string()));
        }

        let range = ValueRange::new(min, max)?; // ? propage l'erreur si elle existe
        self.value_range = Some(range);
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn update_minimum(&mut self, min: &StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if !self.has_range() {
            return Err(StateValueError::RangeError(
                "No range specified for this variable".to_string(),
            ));
        }
        if self
            .value_range
            .as_ref()
            .expect("Range is not defined")
            .as_state_var_type()
            != min.as_state_var_type()
        {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "new minimum is not the same than state variable".to_string(),
            ));
        }
        self.value_range
            .as_mut()
            .expect("Range is not defined")
            .set_minimum(min);
        return Ok(());
    }

    pub fn update_maximum(&mut self, min: &StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if !self.has_range() {
            return Err(StateValueError::RangeError(
                "No range specified for this variable".to_string(),
            ));
        }
        if self
            .value_range
            .as_ref()
            .expect("Range is not defined")
            .as_state_var_type()
            != min.as_state_var_type()
        {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "new minimum is not the same than state variable".to_string(),
            ));
        }
        self.value_range
            .as_mut()
            .expect("Range is not defined")
            .set_maximum(min);
        return Ok(());
    }

    pub fn get_range(&self) -> Option<&ValueRange> {
        return self.value_range.as_ref();
    }

    pub fn set_modifiable(&mut self) {
        self.modifiable = true;
    }

    pub fn set_not_modifiable(&mut self) {
        self.modifiable = false;
    }

    pub fn add_event_condition(&self, name: String, func: StateConditionFunc) {
        // on lock en écriture
        let mut guard = self.event_conditions.write().unwrap();
        guard.insert(name, func);
        // le lock est automatiquement relâché ici (RAII)
    }

    pub fn remove_event_condition(&self, name: &str) {
        let mut guard = self.event_conditions.write().unwrap();
        guard.remove(name);
    }

    pub fn clear_event_conditions(&mut self) {
        let mut guard = self.event_conditions.write().unwrap();
        guard.clear()
    }

    pub fn set_description(&mut self, description: String) {
        self.description = description;
    }

    pub fn set_default(&mut self, value: &StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if self.as_state_var_type() != value.as_state_var_type() {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "value does not have the right type".to_string(),
            ));
        }
        self.default_value = Some(value.clone());
        return Ok(());
    }

    pub fn unset_default(&mut self) {
        self.default_value = None;
    }

    pub fn extend_allowed_values(&mut self, values: &[StateValue]) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        let mut av = self
            .allowed_values
            .write().unwrap();

        for v in values {
            if self.as_state_var_type() == v.as_state_var_type() {
                av.push(v.clone());
            } else {
                return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                    "new allowed value does not have the right type".to_string(),
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn push_allowed_value(&mut self, value: &StateValue) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        let mut av = self
            .allowed_values
            .write().unwrap();

        if self.as_state_var_type() == value.as_state_var_type() {
            av.push(value.clone());
        } else {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "new allowed value does not have the right type".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        return Ok(());
    }

    pub fn set_send_notification(&mut self) {
        self.send_events = true;
    }

    pub fn unset_send_notification(&mut self) {
        self.send_events = false;
    }

    pub fn set_value_parser(&mut self, parser: StringValueParser) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if self.as_state_var_type() == StateVarType::String {
            self.parse = Some(parser);
            return Ok(());
        }
        return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
            "Only String variables can have a parser".to_string(),
        ));
    }

    pub fn unset_value_parser(&mut self) {
        self.parse = None;
    }

    pub fn set_value_marshaler(
        &mut self,
        marshaler: ValueSerializer,
    ) -> Result<(), StateValueError> {
        if self.as_state_var_type() == StateVarType::String {
            self.marshal = Some(marshaler);
            return Ok(());
        }
        return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
            "Only String variables can have a marshaler".to_string(),
        ));
    }

    pub fn unset_value_marshaler(&mut self) {
        self.marshal = None;
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/lib.rs`

```rust
mod object_trait;
mod object_set;

pub mod actions;
pub mod mediarenderer;
pub mod server;
pub mod services;
pub mod state_variables;
pub mod value_ranges;
pub mod variable_types;


use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};

use std::sync::RwLock;

pub use crate::object_trait::*;

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct UpnpObjectType {
    name: String,
    object_type: String,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct UpnpObjectSet<T: UpnpTypedObject> {
    objects: RwLock<HashMap<String, Arc<T>>>,
}

#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum UpnpObjectSetError {
    AlreadyExists(String),
}

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/value_ranges/methods.rs`

```rust
use std::cmp::Ordering;

use crate::{
    value_ranges::ValueRange,
    variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError, StateVarType, UpnpVarType},
};

impl UpnpVarType for ValueRange {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> StateVarType {
        self.min.as_state_var_type() // utilise ton From<&StateValue> existant
    }
}

impl ValueRange {
    pub fn new(min: &StateValue, max: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, StateValueError> {
        if min.as_state_var_type() != max.as_state_var_type() {
            return Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "min and max do not belong the same time".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        // Vérifier que min <= max
        if let Some(cmp) = min.partial_cmp(max) {
            if cmp == Ordering::Greater {
                return Err(StateValueError::RangeError(
                    "Minimum cannot be greater than maximum".to_string(),
                ));
            }
        }

        Ok(Self {
            min: min.clone(),
            max: max.clone(),
        })
    }

    pub fn get_minimum(self: &ValueRange) -> StateValue {
        return self.min.clone();
    }

    pub fn set_minimum(&mut self, value: &StateValue) {
        self.min = value.clone()
    }

    pub fn get_maximum(self: &ValueRange) -> StateValue {
        return self.max.clone();
    }

    pub fn set_maximum(&mut self, value: &StateValue) {
        self.max = value.clone()
    }

    pub fn is_in_range(&self, value: &StateValue) -> bool {
        if self.as_state_var_type() == value.as_state_var_type()
            && let Some(cmp) = self.min.partial_cmp(value)
        {
            if cmp == Ordering::Greater {
                return false;
            }
            if let Some(cmp2) = self.max.partial_cmp(value) {
                if cmp2 == Ordering::Less {
                    return false;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/value_ranges/mod.rs`

```rust
mod methods;

use crate::variable_types::StateValue;

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ValueRange {
    min: StateValue,
    max: StateValue,
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/mod.rs`

```rust
pub mod avtransport;
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/mod.rs`

```rust
pub mod variables;
pub mod actions;

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/a_arg_type_instanceid.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::UI4, "A_ARG_TYPE_InstanceID".to_string()))
});
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/a_arg_type_playspeed.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static A_ARG_TYPE_PLAY_SPEED: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "A_ARG_TYPE_PlaySpeed".to_string()))
});
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/transportstatus.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType};
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static TRANSPORTSTATUS: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    let mut sv = StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportStatus".to_string());

    sv.push_allowed_value(&StateValue::String("OK".to_string()))
        .expect("Cannot add allowed value");
    sv.extend_allowed_values(&[
        StateValue::String("OK".to_string()),
        StateValue::String("ERROR_OCCURRED".to_string()),
    ])
    .expect("Cannt set default value");

    Arc::new(sv)
});
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/transportplayspeed.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType};
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static TRANSPORTPLAYSPEED: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    let mut sv = StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportPlaySpeed".to_string());

    sv.push_allowed_value(&StateValue::String("1".to_string())).expect("Cannot add allowed value");
    sv.set_default(&StateValue::String("1".to_string())).expect("Cannt set default value");

    Arc::new(sv)
});

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/avtransporturi.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static AVTRANSPORTURI: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "AVTransportURI".to_string()))
});
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/mod.rs`

```rust
mod a_arg_type_instanceid;
mod a_arg_type_playspeed;
mod avtransporturi;
mod avtransporturimetadata;
mod currenttrackduration;
mod seekmode;
mod transportplayspeed;
mod transportstate;
mod transportstatus;

pub use a_arg_type_instanceid::A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID;
pub use a_arg_type_playspeed::A_ARG_TYPE_PLAY_SPEED;
pub use avtransporturi::AVTRANSPORTURI;
pub use avtransporturimetadata::AVTRANSPORTURIMETADATA;
pub use currenttrackduration::CURRENTTRACKDURATION;
pub use seekmode::SEEKMODE;
pub use transportplayspeed::TRANSPORTPLAYSPEED;
pub use transportstate::TRANSPORTSTATE;
pub use transportstatus::TRANSPORTSTATUS;



```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/seekmode.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static SEEKMODE: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "SeekMode".to_string()))
});

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/currenttrackduration.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static CURRENTTRACKDURATION: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "CurrentTrackDuration".to_string()))
});

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/avtransporturimetadata.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::{StateVariable, StateVariableError};
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use bevy_reflect::Reflect;
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
use pmodidl::{DIDLLite, MediaMetadataParser};

// func _AVTransportURIMetaDataParser(value string) (interface{}, error) {
// 	log.Debug("[avtransport] Parsing AVTransport)")
// 	didl, err := pmodidl.Parse(value)
// 	if err != nil {
// 		return value, err
// 	}

// 	return didl, nil
// }

fn avtransporturimetadataparser(value: &str) -> Result<Box<dyn Reflect>, StateVariableError> {
    // Parse DIDL-Lite
    let didl = DIDLLite::parse(value)
        .map_err(|e| StateVariableError::ParseError(format!("Failed to parse DIDL-Lite: {}", e)))?;
    
    // Retourne le résultat sous forme de Box<dyn Reflect>
    Ok(Box::new(didl) as Box<dyn Reflect>)
}

pub static AVTRANSPORTURIMETADATA: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    let mut sv = StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "AVTransportURIMetaData".to_string());

    sv.set_value_parser(Arc::new(avtransporturimetadataparser)).expect("Failed to set parser");
    Arc::new(sv)
});
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/variables/transportstate.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType};
use once_cell::sync::Lazy;

pub static TRANSPORTSTATE: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| -> Arc<StateVariable> {
    let mut sv = StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportState".to_string());

    sv.push_allowed_value(&StateValue::String("NO_MEDIA_PRESENT".to_string())).expect("Cannot add allowed value");
    sv.extend_allowed_values(&[ 
        StateValue::String("STOPPED".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("PLAYING".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("RECORDING".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("TRANSITIONING".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("PAUSED_PLAYBACK".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("PAUSED_RECORDING".to_string()),
		StateValue::String("NO_MEDIA_PRESENT".to_string()), 
        ]).expect("Cannt set default value");
        
    Arc::new(sv)
});

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/actions/play.rs`

```rust
use crate::mediarenderer::avtransport::variables::{A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID, TRANSPORTPLAYSPEED};
use crate::define_action;
 
define_action! {
    pub static PLAY = "Play" {
        in "InstanceID" => A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID,
        in "Speed" => TRANSPORTPLAYSPEED,
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/actions/stop.rs`

```rust
use crate::mediarenderer::avtransport::variables::A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID;
use crate::define_action;

define_action! {
    pub static STOP = "Stop" {
        in "InstanceID" => A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID,
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/actions/setavtransporturi.rs`

```rust
use crate::mediarenderer::avtransport::variables::{A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID, AVTRANSPORTURI, AVTRANSPORTURIMETADATA};
use crate::define_action;

define_action! {
    pub static SETAVTRANSPORTURI = "SetAVTransportURI" {
        in "InstanceID" => A_ARG_TYPE_INSTANCE_ID,
        in "CurrentURI" => AVTRANSPORTURI,
        in "CurrentURIMetaData" => AVTRANSPORTURIMETADATA,
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/mediarenderer/avtransport/actions/mod.rs`

```rust
mod play;
mod stop;
mod setavtransporturi;

pub use play::PLAY;
pub use stop::STOP;
pub use setavtransporturi::SETAVTRANSPORTURI;

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/server/mod.rs`

```rust
//! # Module Server - API de haut niveau pour Axum
//!
//! Ce module fournit une abstraction simple et ergonomique pour créer des serveurs HTTP
//! avec Axum, en cachant la complexité de la configuration et du routage.
//!
//! ## Fonctionnalités
//!
//! - 🚀 **Routes JSON simples** : Ajoutez des endpoints API avec `add_route()`
//! - 📁 **Fichiers statiques** : Servez des assets avec `add_dir()`
//! - ⚛️ **Applications SPA** : Support pour Vue.js/React avec `add_spa()`
//! - 🔀 **Redirections** : Redirigez des routes avec `add_redirect()`
//! - 🎯 **Handlers personnalisés** : Support SSE, WebSocket, etc. avec `add_handler_with_state()`
//! - 📚 **Documentation API** : OpenAPI/Swagger automatique avec `add_openapi()`
//! - ⚡ **Gestion gracieuse** : Arrêt propre sur Ctrl+C

pub mod logs;

use axum::handler::Handler;
use axum::response::Redirect;
use axum::routing::get;
use axum::{Json, Router};
use axum_embed::ServeEmbed;
use pmoconfig::get_config;
use rust_embed::RustEmbed;
use serde::Serialize;
use std::{net::SocketAddr, sync::Arc};
use tokio::{signal, sync::RwLock, task::JoinHandle};
use tracing::{info, warn, debug, error};
use utoipa::OpenApi;
use utoipa_swagger_ui::SwaggerUi;

/// Info serveur sérialisable
#[derive(Clone, Serialize, utoipa::ToSchema)]
pub struct ServerInfo {
    /// Nom du serveur
    pub name: String,
    /// URL de base
    pub base_url: String,
    /// Port HTTP
    pub http_port: u16,
}

/// Serveur principal
pub struct Server {
    name: String,
    base_url: String,
    http_port: u16,
    router: Arc<RwLock<Router>>,
    api_router: Arc<RwLock<Option<Router>>>,
    join_handle: Option<JoinHandle<()>>,
}

#[derive(RustEmbed, Clone)]
#[folder = "webapp/dist"]
pub struct Webapp;

impl Server {
    /// Crée une nouvelle instance de serveur
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Nom du serveur (pour les logs)
    /// * `base_url` - URL de base (ex: "http://localhost:3000")
    /// * `http_port` - Port HTTP à écouter
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// let server = Server::new("MyAPI", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// ```
    pub fn new(name: impl Into<String>, base_url: impl Into<String>, http_port: u16) -> Self {
        Self {
            name: name.into(),
            base_url: base_url.into(),
            http_port,
            router: Arc::new(RwLock::new(Router::new())),
            api_router: Arc::new(RwLock::new(None)),
            join_handle: None,
        }
    }

    pub fn new_configured() -> Self {
        let config = get_config();
        let url = config.get_base_url();
        let port = config.get_http_port();

        return Self::new("PMO-Music-Server", url, port);
    }

    /// Ajoute une route JSON dynamique
    ///
    /// Crée un endpoint qui retourne du JSON. La closure fournie sera appelée
    /// à chaque requête GET sur le chemin spécifié.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin de la route (ex: "/api/hello")
    /// * `f` - Closure async retournant une valeur sérialisable
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust,no_run
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// # let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// server.add_route("/api/status", || async {
    ///     serde_json::json!({
    ///         "status": "online",
    ///         "version": "1.0.0"
    ///     })
    /// }).await;
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_route<F, Fut, T>(&mut self, path: &str, f: F)
    where
        F: Fn() -> Fut + Send + Sync + 'static,
        Fut: std::future::Future<Output = T> + Send + 'static,
        T: Serialize + Send + 'static,
    {
        let f = Arc::new(f);

        let handler = {
            let f = f.clone();
            move || {
                let f = f.clone();
                async move { Json(f().await) }
            }
        };

        let route = Router::new().route("/", get(handler));

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
    }

    /// Ajoute un répertoire de fichiers statiques
    ///
    /// Sert des fichiers embarqués via `RustEmbed`. Les fichiers sont compilés
    /// dans le binaire à la compilation.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin où monter les fichiers statiques
    ///
    /// # Type Parameter
    ///
    /// * `E` - Type RustEmbed définissant le répertoire à servir
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// use rust_embed::RustEmbed;
    /// 
    /// #[derive(RustEmbed, Clone)]
    /// #[folder = "static/"]
    /// struct Assets;
    ///
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// server.add_dir::<Assets>("/assets").await;
    /// // Les fichiers de static/ sont accessibles via /assets/*
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_dir<E>(&mut self, path: &str)
    where
        E: RustEmbed + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let serve = ServeEmbed::<E>::new();
        
        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        
        if path == "/" {
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).fallback_service(serve);
        } else {
            let route = Router::new().fallback_service(serve);
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
        }
    }

    /// Ajoute une Single Page Application (SPA)
    ///
    /// Sert une application JavaScript moderne (Vue.js, React, etc.) avec support
    /// du routage côté client. Tous les chemins non trouvés renvoient `index.html`
    /// pour permettre au routeur JavaScript de gérer la navigation.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin où monter l'application (souvent "/" ou "/app")
    ///
    /// # Type Parameter
    ///
    /// * `E` - Type RustEmbed contenant les fichiers de la SPA
    ///
    /// # Exemple avec Vue.js
    ///
    /// ```rust,no_run
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// # use rust_embed::RustEmbed;
    /// #[derive(RustEmbed, Clone)]
    /// #[folder = "webapp/dist"]  // Build output de Vue.js
    /// struct WebApp;
    ///
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// # let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// server.add_spa::<WebApp>("/").await;
    /// // L'app Vue.js gère toutes les routes comme /about, /users, etc.
    /// # }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Pour Vue.js/Vite, configure le `base` dans `vite.config.js` si tu montes
    /// sur un sous-chemin :
    /// ```javascript
    /// export default {
    ///   base: '/app/'
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_spa<E>(&mut self, path: &str)
    where
        E: RustEmbed + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let serve = ServeEmbed::<E>::with_parameters(
            Some("index.html".to_string()),
            axum_embed::FallbackBehavior::Ok,
            Some("index.html".to_string()),
        );
        
        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        
        if path == "/" {
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).fallback_service(serve);
        } else {
            let route = Router::new().fallback_service(serve);
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
        }
    }

    /// Ajoute un handler Axum personnalisé
    ///
    /// Pour des cas d'usage avancés nécessitant un contrôle complet sur le handler.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin de la route
    /// * `handler` - Handler Axum
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust,no_run
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// # use axum::response::Html;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// # let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// async fn custom_handler() -> Html<&'static str> {
    ///     Html("<h1>Custom Response</h1>")
    /// }
    ///
    /// server.add_handler("/custom", custom_handler).await;
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_handler<H, T>(&mut self, path: &str, handler: H)
    where
        H: Handler<T, ()>,
        T: 'static,
    {
        let route = Router::new().route("/", get(handler));

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
    }

    /// Ajoute un handler avec state (pour SSE, extracteurs, etc.)
    ///
    /// Permet d'utiliser des extracteurs Axum comme `State`, `Query`, etc.
    /// Idéal pour Server-Sent Events (SSE), WebSockets ou tout handler nécessitant un état partagé.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin de la route
    /// * `handler` - Handler Axum avec extracteurs
    /// * `state` - État partagé (doit être Clone + Send + Sync)
    ///
    /// # Exemple avec SSE
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// use axum::extract::State;
    /// use axum::response::sse::{Event, Sse, KeepAlive};
    /// use tokio::sync::broadcast;
    /// 
    /// #[derive(Clone)]
    /// struct LogState { 
    ///     tx: broadcast::Sender<String> 
    /// }
    /// 
    /// impl LogState { 
    ///     fn subscribe(&self) -> broadcast::Receiver<String> { 
    ///         self.tx.subscribe() 
    ///     } 
    /// }
    /// 
    /// async fn log_sse(State(state): State<LogState>) -> Sse<impl futures::Stream<Item = Result<Event, std::convert::Infallible>>> {
    ///     let mut rx = state.subscribe();
    ///     let stream = async_stream::stream! {
    ///         while let Ok(msg) = rx.recv().await {
    ///             yield Ok(Event::default().data(msg));
    ///         }
    ///     };
    ///     Sse::new(stream).keep_alive(KeepAlive::default())
    /// }
    ///
    /// let log_state = LogState { tx: broadcast::channel(100).0 };
    /// server.add_handler_with_state("/logs", log_sse, log_state).await;
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_handler_with_state<H, T, S>(&mut self, path: &str, handler: H, state: S)
    where
        H: Handler<T, S>,
        T: 'static,
        S: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let route = Router::new()
            .route("/", get(handler))
            .with_state(state);

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
    }

    /// Ajoute un handler POST avec state
    ///
    /// Similaire à `add_handler_with_state` mais pour les requêtes POST.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `path` - Chemin de la route
    /// * `handler` - Handler Axum pour POST
    /// * `state` - État partagé
    pub async fn add_post_handler_with_state<H, T, S>(&mut self, path: &str, handler: H, state: S)
    where
        H: Handler<T, S>,
        T: 'static,
        S: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static,
    {
        let route = Router::new()
            .route("/", axum::routing::post(handler))
            .with_state(state);

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(path, route);
    }

    /// Ajoute une redirection HTTP
    ///
    /// Redirige automatiquement les requêtes d'un chemin vers un autre avec un code 308 (permanent).
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `from` - Chemin source (peut être "/" pour la racine)
    /// * `to` - Chemin de destination
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust,no_run
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// # let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// // Rediriger la racine vers /app
    /// server.add_redirect("/", "/app").await;
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_redirect(&mut self, from: &str, to: &str) {
        let to = to.to_string();
        let handler = move || {
            let to = to.clone();
            async move { Redirect::permanent(&to) }
        };

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;

        if from == "/" {
            // Pour la racine, utiliser merge au lieu de nest
            let route = Router::new().route("/", get(handler));
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).merge(route);
        } else {
            let route = Router::new().route("/", get(handler));
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest(from, route);
        }
    }

    /// Ajoute une API documentée avec OpenAPI
    ///
    /// Monte un routeur d'API sous `/api` et active Swagger UI sur `/swagger-ui`
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `api_router` - Router Axum contenant les routes API
    /// * `openapi` - Spécification OpenAPI générée par utoipa
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// use utoipa::OpenApi;
    /// use axum::{Router, Json, routing::get};
    /// use serde::{Serialize, Deserialize};
    ///
    /// #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, utoipa::ToSchema)]
    /// struct User {
    ///     id: u64,
    ///     name: String,
    /// }
    ///
    /// #[derive(utoipa::OpenApi)]
    /// #[openapi(
    ///     paths(get_users),
    ///     components(schemas(User))
    /// )]
    /// struct ApiDoc;
    ///
    /// #[utoipa::path(
    ///     get,
    ///     path = "/users",
    ///     responses((status = 200, description = "List users"))
    /// )]
    /// async fn get_users() -> Json<Vec<User>> {
    ///     Json(vec![])
    /// }
    ///
    /// let api_router = Router::new()
    ///     .route("/users", get(get_users));
    ///
    /// server.add_openapi(api_router, ApiDoc::openapi()).await;
    /// ```
    pub async fn add_openapi(&mut self, api_router: Router, openapi: utoipa::openapi::OpenApi) {
        // Stocker le routeur API
        let mut api_r = self.api_router.write().await;
        *api_r = Some(api_router);

        // Ajouter Swagger UI
        let swagger = SwaggerUi::new("/swagger-ui")
            .url("/api-docs/openapi.json", openapi);

        let mut r = self.router.write().await;
        *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).merge(swagger);
    }

    /// Démarre le serveur HTTP
    ///
    /// Lance le serveur sur le port configuré et met en place la gestion
    /// de Ctrl+C pour un arrêt gracieux.
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust,no_run
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
    /// # #[tokio::main]
    /// # async fn main() {
    /// # let mut server = Server::new("Test", "http://localhost:3000", 3000);
    /// server.start().await;
    /// server.wait().await;  // Attend Ctrl+C
    /// # }
    /// ```
    pub async fn start(&mut self) {
        let addr = SocketAddr::from(([0, 0, 0, 0], self.http_port));
        info!("Server {} running at [http://{}:{}](http://{}:{})", self.name, self.base_url, self.http_port, self.base_url, self.http_port);

        // Merger le routeur API si présent
        let api_router = self.api_router.read().await;
        if let Some(api_r) = api_router.as_ref() {
            let mut r = self.router.write().await;
            *r = std::mem::take(&mut *r).nest("/api", api_r.clone());
        }
        drop(api_router);

        let router = self.router.clone();

        let server_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
            let r = router.read().await.clone();
            let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(addr).await.unwrap();
            axum::serve(listener, r.into_make_service()).await.unwrap();
        });

        let shutdown_task = tokio::spawn(async move {
            signal::ctrl_c().await.expect("failed to listen for ctrl_c");
            info!("Ctrl+C reçu, arrêt gracieux");
        });

        self.join_handle = Some(tokio::spawn(async move {
            tokio::select! {
                _ = server_task => {},
                _ = shutdown_task => {},
            }
        }));
    }

    /// Attend la fin du serveur
    pub async fn wait(&mut self) {
        if let Some(h) = self.join_handle.take() {
            let _ = h.await;
        }
    }

    /// Récupère les infos du serveur
    pub fn info(&self) -> ServerInfo {
        ServerInfo {
            name: self.name.clone(),
            base_url: self.base_url.clone(),
            http_port: self.http_port,
        }
    }
}

/// Builder pattern
pub struct ServerBuilder {
    name: String,
    base_url: String,
    http_port: u16,
}

impl ServerBuilder {
    /// Crée un nouveau builder
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Nom du serveur
    /// * `base_url` - URL de base (ex: "http://localhost:3000")
    /// * `http_port` - Port HTTP
    pub fn new(name: impl Into<String>, base_url: impl Into<String>, http_port: u16) -> Self {
        Self {
            name: name.into(),
            base_url: base_url.into(),
            http_port,
        }
    }

    pub fn new_configured() -> Self {
        let config = get_config();
        Self {
            name: "PMO-Music-Server".to_string(),
            base_url: config.get_base_url(),
            http_port: config.get_http_port()
        }
    }

    /// Construit le serveur
    ///
    /// Consomme le builder et retourne une instance de `Server` prête à l'emploi.
    ///
    /// # Exemple
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::server::ServerBuilder;
    /// let mut server = ServerBuilder::new("MyAPI", "http://localhost:3000", 3000)
    ///     .build();
    /// ```
    pub fn build(self) -> Server {
        Server::new(self.name, self.base_url, self.http_port)
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/server/logs/mod.rs`

```rust
// logs.rs
mod sselayer;

pub use sselayer::SseLayer;

use std::{
    collections::VecDeque,
    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
    time::SystemTime,
};

use axum::{
    Json,
    extract::{Query, State},
    response::{
        IntoResponse,
        sse::{Event, KeepAlive, Sse},
    },
};
use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use tokio::sync::broadcast;

/// Représente une entrée de log
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize)]
pub struct LogEntry {
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,
    pub level: String,
    pub target: String,
    pub message: String,
}

/// Buffer circulaire partagé
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct LogState {
    buffer: Arc<RwLock<VecDeque<LogEntry>>>,
    tx: broadcast::Sender<LogEntry>,
}

impl LogState {
    pub fn new(capacity: usize) -> Self {
        Self {
            buffer: Arc::new(RwLock::new(VecDeque::with_capacity(capacity))),
            tx: broadcast::channel(1000).0,
        }
    }

    fn push(&self, entry: LogEntry) {
        let mut buf = self.buffer.write().unwrap();
        if buf.len() == buf.capacity() {
            buf.pop_front();
        }
        buf.push_back(entry.clone());
        let _ = self.tx.send(entry);
    }

    pub fn subscribe(&self) -> broadcast::Receiver<LogEntry> {
        self.tx.subscribe()
    }

    pub fn dump(&self) -> Vec<LogEntry> {
        self.buffer.read().unwrap().iter().cloned().collect()
    }
}

/// Query params pour /log-sse
#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
pub struct LogQuery {
    #[serde(default)]
    pub error: Option<bool>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub warn: Option<bool>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub info: Option<bool>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub debug: Option<bool>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub trace: Option<bool>,
    #[serde(default)]
    pub search: Option<String>,
}

/// Handler SSE
// Dans logs.rs
pub async fn log_sse(
    State(state): State<LogState>,
    Query(params): Query<LogQuery>,
) -> impl IntoResponse {
    let mut rx = state.subscribe();

    // Récupérer l'historique du buffer
    let history = state.dump();

    let stream = async_stream::stream! {
        // 1. Envoyer d'abord tous les logs historiques
        for entry in history {
            if !filter_entry(&entry, &params) {
                continue;
            }
            let json = serde_json::to_string(&entry).unwrap();
            yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().data(json));
        }

        // 2. Puis streamer les nouveaux logs en temps réel
        while let Ok(entry) = rx.recv().await {
            if !filter_entry(&entry, &params) {
                continue;
            }
            let json = serde_json::to_string(&entry).unwrap();
            yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().data(json));
        }
    };

    Sse::new(stream).keep_alive(KeepAlive::default())
}

/// Handler REST (dump JSON du buffer)
pub async fn log_dump(State(state): State<LogState>) -> impl IntoResponse {
    Json(state.dump())
}

/// Fonction de filtrage
fn filter_entry(entry: &LogEntry, q: &LogQuery) -> bool {
    // Filtrage par niveau
    let lvl = entry.level.to_lowercase();
    let mut allowed = false;

    if let Some(true) = q.error {
        allowed |= lvl == "error";
    }
    if let Some(true) = q.warn {
        allowed |= lvl == "warn";
    }
    if let Some(true) = q.info {
        allowed |= lvl == "info";
    }
    if let Some(true) = q.debug {
        allowed |= lvl == "debug";
    }
    if let Some(true) = q.trace {
        allowed |= lvl == "trace";
    }

    // si aucun flag → tout est autorisé
    if !(q.error.unwrap_or(false)
        || q.warn.unwrap_or(false)
        || q.info.unwrap_or(false)
        || q.debug.unwrap_or(false)
        || q.trace.unwrap_or(false))
    {
        allowed = true;
    }

    // Filtrage par mot-clé
    if let Some(search) = &q.search {
        allowed &= entry.message.contains(search) || entry.target.contains(search);
    }

    allowed
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/server/logs/sselayer.rs`

```rust
use tracing::field::{Field, Visit};
use tracing::{Event, Subscriber};
use tracing_subscriber::{Layer, layer::Context};

use super::{LogEntry, LogState};
use std::time::SystemTime;

struct LogVisitor {
    message: String,
}

impl LogVisitor {
    fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            message: String::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl Visit for LogVisitor {
    fn record_debug(&mut self, field: &Field, value: &dyn std::fmt::Debug) {
        // capture le champ "message" ou concatène les autres
        if field.name() == "message" {
            self.message = format!("{:?}", value);
        } else {
            if !self.message.is_empty() {
                self.message.push(' ');
            }
            self.message
                .push_str(&format!("{}={:?}", field.name(), value));
        }
    }
}

/// Layer de tracing qui pousse les events dans le buffer
pub struct SseLayer {
    state: LogState,
}

impl SseLayer {
    pub fn new(state: LogState) -> Self {
        Self { state }
    }
}

impl<S> Layer<S> for SseLayer
where
    S: Subscriber,
{
    fn on_event(&self, event: &Event<'_>, _ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
        let mut visitor = LogVisitor::new();
        event.record(&mut visitor);

        let entry = LogEntry {
            timestamp: SystemTime::now(),
            level: event.metadata().level().to_string(),
            target: event.metadata().target().to_string(),
            message: visitor.message,
        };

        self.state.push(entry);
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/action_instance_set.rs`

```rust
use crate::{
    UpnpObject,
    actions::{ActionInstanceSet},
};

use xmltree::{Element,XMLNode};

impl UpnpObject for ActionInstanceSet {
    // Méthode pour convertir en XML (à implémenter avec une librairie XML)
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("actionList");

        for action in self.all() {
            let action_elem = action.to_xml_element(); // retourne un <action> complet
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(action_elem));
        }

        elem
    }
}

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/action_instance.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::actions::Action;
use crate::actions::Argument;
use crate::actions::ArgumentSet;
use crate::actions::ArgInstanceSet; 
use crate::actions::ActionInstance;
use crate::UpnpInstance;
use crate::UpnpObject;
use crate::UpnpTyped;
use crate::UpnpTypedInstance;
use crate::UpnpObjectType;

impl UpnpObject for ActionInstance {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("action");

        // <name>
        let mut name_elem = Element::new("name");
        name_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.get_name().clone()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(name_elem));

        // Utiliser le set d'instances d'arguments
        let args_container = self.arguments.to_xml_element();
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(args_container));

        elem
    }  
}

impl UpnpTyped for ActionInstance {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        return &self.object;
    }
}

impl UpnpInstance for ActionInstance {

    type Model = Action;

    fn new(action: &Action) -> Self {
        // Créer les instances d'arguments
        let mut arguments = ArgInstanceSet::new();
        
        for arg_model in action.arguments().all() {
            let arg_instance = Arc::new(crate::actions::ArgumentInstance::new(&*arg_model));
            if let Err(e) = arguments.insert(arg_instance) {
                tracing::error!("Failed to insert argument instance: {:?}", e);
            }
        }
        
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name: action.get_name().clone(),
                object_type: "ActionInstance".to_string(),
            },
            model: action.clone(),
            arguments,  // ⬅️ Set d'instances, pas le modèle !
        }
    }

}


impl UpnpTypedInstance for ActionInstance {

    fn get_model(&self) -> &Self::Model {
        &self.model
    }
}

impl ActionInstance {
    /// Retourne une instance d'argument par son nom.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Nom de l'argument à rechercher
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `Some(Arc<ArgumentInstance>)` si trouvé, `None` sinon.
    pub fn argument(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Arc<crate::actions::ArgumentInstance>> {
        self.arguments.get_by_name(name)
    }

    /// Retourne le set d'instances d'arguments.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Référence vers le `ArgInstanceSet` contenant toutes les instances.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// for arg_instance in action_instance.arguments_set().all() {
    ///     println!("Argument: {}", arg_instance.get_name());
    ///     if let Some(var) = arg_instance.get_variable_instance() {
    ///         println!("  Variable: {} = {}", var.get_name(), var.value());
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn arguments_set(&self) -> &ArgInstanceSet {
        &self.arguments  // ⬅️ Retourne les INSTANCES, pas les modèles !
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::actions::Action;
    use crate::UpnpInstance;

    #[test]
    fn test_action_instance_creation() {
        let action = Action::new("Play".to_string());
        let instance = ActionInstance::new(&action);
        
        assert_eq!(instance.get_name(), "Play");
    }
    
    #[test]
    fn test_action_instance_has_argument_instances() {
        let action = Action::new("Play".to_string());
        let instance = ActionInstance::new(&action);
        
        // Vérifier que arguments_set() retourne bien des instances
        assert!(instance.arguments_set().all().iter().all(|arg| {
            // Chaque argument doit être une ArgumentInstance
            arg.get_model(); // Cette méthode existe seulement sur les instances
            true
        }));
    }
}

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/arg_set_methods.rs`

```rust
use crate::actions::ArgInstanceSet;
use crate::UpnpModel;
use crate::{
    UpnpObject,
    actions::{ArgumentSet},
};
use xmltree::Element;

impl UpnpObject for ArgumentSet {
    // Méthode pour convertir en XML (à implémenter avec une librairie XML)
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("argumentList");

        for arg in self.all() {
            let arg_elem = arg.to_xml_element(); // toujours un <argumentList> contenant 1 ou 2 <argument>

            // Pour InOut, on ajoute tous les enfants du <argumentList> généré
            for child in arg_elem.children {
                elem.children.push(child);
            }
        }

        elem
    }
}

impl UpnpModel for ArgumentSet {
    type Instance = ArgInstanceSet;
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/argument_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{
    actions::{Argument, ArgumentInstance}, state_variables::StateVariable, UpnpModel, UpnpObject, UpnpObjectType, UpnpTyped
};

impl UpnpTyped for Argument {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        &self.object
    }
}

impl UpnpObject for Argument {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut parent = Element::new("argumentList");

        if self.is_in() && self.is_out() {
            // InOut → deux arguments
            parent.children.push(XMLNode::Element(make_argument_elem(
                self.get_name(),
                "in",
                self.state_variable().get_name(),
            )));
            parent.children.push(XMLNode::Element(make_argument_elem(
                self.get_name(),
                "out",
                self.state_variable().get_name(),
            )));
        } else {
            // Cas simple
            let direction = if self.is_in() { "in" } else { "out" };
            parent.children.push(XMLNode::Element(make_argument_elem(
                self.get_name(),
                direction,
                self.state_variable().get_name(),
            )));
        }

        parent
    }
}

impl UpnpModel for Argument {
    type Instance = ArgumentInstance;
}



impl Argument {
    fn new(name: String, state_variable: Arc<StateVariable>) -> Self {
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name,
                object_type: "Argument".to_string(),
            },
            state_variable,
            is_in: false,
            is_out: false,
        }
    }

    pub fn new_in(name: String, state_variable: Arc<StateVariable>) -> Self {
        let mut arg = Self::new(name, state_variable);
        arg.is_in = true;
        arg
    }

    pub fn new_out(name: String, state_variable: Arc<StateVariable>) -> Self {
        let mut arg = Self::new(name, state_variable);
        arg.is_out = true;
        arg
    }

    pub fn new_in_out(name: String, state_variable: Arc<StateVariable>) -> Self {
        let mut arg = Self::new(name, state_variable);
        arg.is_in = true;
        arg.is_out = true;
        arg
    }

    pub fn state_variable(&self) -> &StateVariable {
        &self.state_variable
    }

    pub fn is_in(&self) -> bool {
        self.is_in
    }

    pub fn is_out(&self) -> bool {
        self.is_out
    }
}

/// Fabrique un <argument> complet avec ses sous-éléments
fn make_argument_elem(name: &str, direction: &str, state_var_name: &str) -> Element {
    let mut arg = Element::new("argument");

    let mut name_elem = Element::new("name");
    name_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(name.to_string()));

    let mut dir_elem = Element::new("direction");
    dir_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Text(direction.to_string()));

    let mut rel_elem = Element::new("relatedStateVariable");
    rel_elem
        .children
        .push(XMLNode::Text(state_var_name.to_string()));

    arg.children.push(XMLNode::Element(name_elem));
    arg.children.push(XMLNode::Element(dir_elem));
    arg.children.push(XMLNode::Element(rel_elem));

    arg
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/arg_inst_set_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::collections::HashMap;

use std::sync::RwLock;
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{actions::{ArgInstanceSet, ArgumentSet}, UpnpObject};

use crate::UpnpInstance;

impl UpnpObject for ArgInstanceSet {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("serviceStateTable");
        
        for state_var in self.all() {
            let state_var_elem = state_var.to_xml_element(); // retourne un <stateVariable> complet
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(state_var_elem));
        }

        elem
    }
}

impl UpnpInstance for ArgInstanceSet {
    type Model = ArgumentSet;

    fn new(_: &ArgumentSet) -> Self {
        Self { objects: RwLock::new(HashMap::new()) }
    }
}


```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/mod.rs`

```rust
mod errors;

mod action_instance;
mod action_instance_set;
mod action_methods;
mod action_set_methods;
mod arg_inst_set_methods;
mod arg_instance_methods;
mod arg_set_methods;
mod argument_methods;

mod macros;

use crate::{
    UpnpObjectSet, UpnpObjectType,
    state_variables::{StateVarInstance, StateVariable},
};
use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};

pub use errors::ActionError;

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Action {
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    arguments: ArgumentSet,
}

pub type ActionSet = UpnpObjectSet<Action>;

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ActionInstance {
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    model: Action,
    arguments: ArgInstanceSet,
}

pub type ActionInstanceSet = UpnpObjectSet<ActionInstance>;

#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Argument {
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    state_variable: Arc<StateVariable>,
    is_in: bool,
    is_out: bool,
}

pub type ArgumentSet = UpnpObjectSet<Argument>;

/// Instance d'un argument d'action UPnP.
///
/// Un `ArgumentInstance` représente un argument concret utilisé lors de l'exécution
/// d'une action. Contrairement au modèle [`Argument`] qui définit la structure,
/// l'instance maintient une liaison dynamique vers une [`StateVarInstance`] qui
/// contient la valeur runtime.
///
/// # Cycle de vie
///
/// 1. **Création** : Instanciation via [`UpnpInstance::new`] avec `variable_instance = None`
/// 2. **Liaison** : Association à une [`StateVarInstance`] via [`bind_variable`](Self::bind_variable)
/// 3. **Utilisation** : Accès à la valeur runtime via [`get_variable_instance`](Self::get_variable_instance)
///
/// # Pourquoi `variable_instance` est optionnel ?
///
/// La liaison ne peut pas être faite dans le constructeur car :
/// - Les `StateVarInstance` sont créées **après** les modèles
/// - Les `ActionInstance` sont créées **avant** que toutes les variables soient disponibles
/// - La validation des dépendances se fait en deux phases
///
/// # Thread-safety
///
/// Le champ `variable_instance` est protégé par un `RwLock` pour permettre :
/// - La liaison après création (write lock)
/// - L'accès concurrent en lecture (read lock)
/// - L'utilisation dans un contexte multi-thread
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// use pmoupnp::actions::{Argument, ArgumentInstance};
/// use pmoupnp::state_variables::StateVarInstance;
/// use std::sync::Arc;
///
/// // Phase 1 : Créer l'instance (sans liaison)
/// let arg_model = Argument::new_in("Volume".to_string(), volume_var);
/// let arg_instance = ArgumentInstance::new(&arg_model);
/// assert!(arg_instance.get_variable_instance().is_none());
///
/// // Phase 2 : Lier à une variable d'état
/// let var_instance = Arc::new(StateVarInstance::new(&volume_var));
/// arg_instance.bind_variable(var_instance.clone());
/// assert!(arg_instance.get_variable_instance().is_some());
///
/// // Phase 3 : Utiliser la valeur runtime
/// if let Some(var) = arg_instance.get_variable_instance() {
///     println!("Current value: {}", var.value());
/// }
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ArgumentInstance {
    /// Métadonnées de l'objet UPnP
    object: UpnpObjectType,

    /// Référence vers le modèle définissant la structure
    model: Argument,

    /// Liaison optionnelle vers l'instance de variable d'état.
    ///
    /// - `None` : Pas encore liée (état initial après construction)
    /// - `Some(Arc<StateVarInstance>)` : Liée et prête à l'emploi
    ///
    /// Protégée par `RwLock` pour permettre la liaison post-construction
    /// et l'accès concurrent en lecture.
    variable_instance: Arc<RwLock<Option<Arc<StateVarInstance>>>>,
}

pub type ArgInstanceSet = UpnpObjectSet<ArgumentInstance>;
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/errors.rs`

```rust
use thiserror::Error;

#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum ActionError {
    #[error("Action error: {0}")]
    GeneralError(String),
    
    #[error("Argument error: {0}")]
    ArgumentError(String),
    
    #[error("Set operation error: {0}")]
    SetError(String),
}

impl From<std::io::Error> for ActionError {
    fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
        ActionError::GeneralError(format!("IO error: {}", err))
    }
}

#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum ArgumentError {
    #[error("Argument error: {0}")]
    GeneralError(String),
    
    #[error("Argument error: {0}")]
    ArgumentError(String),
    
    #[error("Set operation error: {0}")]
    SetError(String),
}

impl From<std::io::Error> for ArgumentError {
    fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
        ArgumentError::GeneralError(format!("IO error: {}", err))
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/macros.rs`

```rust
/// Macro pour définir facilement une action UPnP.
///
/// Cette macro simplifie la création d'actions UPnP statiques en générant
/// automatiquement le code nécessaire pour initialiser une action avec ses arguments.
///
/// # Syntaxe
///
/// ## Action avec arguments
///
/// ```ignore
/// define_action! {
///     pub static ACTION_NAME = "ActionName" {
///         in "ParamName" => VARIABLE_REF,
///         out "ResultParam" => RESULT_VAR,
///     }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// ## Action sans arguments
///
/// ```ignore
/// define_action! {
///     pub static ACTION_NAME = "ActionName"
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// - `ACTION_NAME` : Nom de la constante statique Rust
/// - `"ActionName"` : Nom de l'action UPnP (chaîne littérale)
/// - `in` ou `out` : Direction de l'argument (entrée ou sortie)
/// - `"ParamName"` : Nom du paramètre UPnP (chaîne littérale)
/// - `VARIABLE_REF` : Référence vers une `Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>>`
///
/// # Type de retour
///
/// La macro génère une `Lazy<Arc<Action>>` qui sera initialisée lors du premier accès.
///
/// # Prérequis
///
/// Les variables d'état référencées doivent être définies comme :
///
/// ```ignore
/// pub static MY_VAR: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::UI4, "MyVar".to_string()))
/// });
/// ```
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
/// use std::sync::Arc;
///
/// // Définir les variables d'état
/// pub static INSTANCE_ID: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::UI4, "InstanceID".to_string()))
/// });
///
/// pub static TRANSPORT_URI: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportURI".to_string()))
/// });
///
/// // Définir une action avec arguments
/// define_action! {
///     pub static PLAY = "Play" {
///         in "InstanceID" => INSTANCE_ID,
///         in "Speed" => TRANSPORT_SPEED,
///     }
/// }
///
/// // Action sans arguments
/// define_action! {
///     pub static PAUSE = "Pause"
/// }
///
/// // Utilisation
/// fn main() {
///     let play_action = &*PLAY; // Déréférence la Lazy<Arc<Action>>
///     println!("Action: {}", play_action.get_name());
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Notes d'implémentation
///
/// - Les `Arc<StateVariable>` sont clonés (shallow copy du pointeur)
/// - Chaque `Argument` est wrappé dans un `Arc`
/// - L'`Action` finale est wrappée dans un `Arc`
/// - Initialisation paresseuse via `Lazy` (thread-safe)
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! define_action {
    // Variante sans arguments
    (pub static $name:ident = $action_name:literal) => {
        pub static $name: once_cell::sync::Lazy<std::sync::Arc<$crate::actions::Action>> = 
            once_cell::sync::Lazy::new(|| {
                std::sync::Arc::new($crate::actions::Action::new($action_name.to_string()))
            });
    };
    
    // Variante avec arguments
    (pub static $name:ident = $action_name:literal {
        $(
            $direction:ident $arg_name:literal => $var_ref:expr
        ),* $(,)?
    }) => {
        pub static $name: once_cell::sync::Lazy<std::sync::Arc<$crate::actions::Action>> = 
            once_cell::sync::Lazy::new(|| {
                let mut ac = $crate::actions::Action::new($action_name.to_string());
                
                $(
                    ac.add_argument(
                        define_action!(@arg $direction $arg_name, $var_ref)
                    );
                )*
                
                std::sync::Arc::new(ac)
            });
    };
    
    // Helper interne pour créer un argument d'entrée
    (@arg in $name:literal, $var:expr) => {
        std::sync::Arc::new(
            $crate::actions::Argument::new_in(
                $name.to_string(), 
                std::sync::Arc::clone(&$var)
            )
        )
    };
    
    // Helper interne pour créer un argument de sortie
    (@arg out $name:literal, $var:expr) => {
        std::sync::Arc::new(
            $crate::actions::Argument::new_out(
                $name.to_string(), 
                std::sync::Arc::clone(&$var)
            )
        )
    };
}

/// Macro pour définir plusieurs actions UPnP en une seule déclaration.
///
/// Cette macro permet de regrouper la définition de plusieurs actions pour
/// améliorer la lisibilité et réduire la répétition de code.
///
/// # Syntaxe
///
/// ```ignore
/// define_actions! {
///     ACTION1 = "Action1" {
///         in "Param1" => VAR1,
///         out "Result1" => VAR2,
///     }
///     
///     ACTION2 = "Action2" {
///         in "Param1" => VAR1,
///     }
///     
///     ACTION3 = "Action3"
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// Chaque action suit la même syntaxe que [`define_action!`], mais sans
/// le mot-clé `pub static`.
///
/// # Type de retour
///
/// Génère une `Lazy<Arc<Action>>` pour chaque action définie.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// use once_cell::sync::Lazy;
/// use std::sync::Arc;
///
/// // Variables d'état
/// pub static INSTANCE_ID: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::UI4, "InstanceID".to_string()))
/// });
///
/// pub static TRANSPORT_URI: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportURI".to_string()))
/// });
///
/// pub static URI_METADATA: Lazy<Arc<StateVariable>> = Lazy::new(|| {
///     Arc::new(StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "URIMetaData".to_string()))
/// });
///
/// // Définir plusieurs actions ensemble
/// define_actions! {
///     PLAY = "Play" {
///         in "InstanceID" => INSTANCE_ID,
///     }
///     
///     STOP = "Stop" {
///         in "InstanceID" => INSTANCE_ID,
///     }
///     
///     PAUSE = "Pause" {
///         in "InstanceID" => INSTANCE_ID,
///     }
///     
///     SET_AV_TRANSPORT_URI = "SetAVTransportURI" {
///         in "InstanceID" => INSTANCE_ID,
///         in "CurrentURI" => TRANSPORT_URI,
///         in "CurrentURIMetaData" => URI_METADATA,
///     }
/// }
///
/// // Utilisation
/// fn setup_transport_service() {
///     let actions = vec![&*PLAY, &*STOP, &*PAUSE, &*SET_AV_TRANSPORT_URI];
///     for action in actions {
///         println!("Action: {}", action.get_name());
///     }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Avantages
///
/// - Regroupement logique des actions d'un service
/// - Réduction de la répétition de `pub static` et `define_action!`
/// - Meilleure lisibilité pour les services avec nombreuses actions
///
/// # Notes
///
/// - Toutes les actions définies sont publiques (`pub`)
/// - Chaque action est indépendante et peut être utilisée séparément
/// - La macro se développe en plusieurs appels à [`define_action!`]
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! define_actions {
    // Variante avec arguments pour chaque action
    (
        $(
            $name:ident = $action_name:literal {
                $(
                    $direction:ident $arg_name:literal => $var_ref:expr
                ),* $(,)?
            }
        )*
    ) => {
        $(
            define_action! {
                pub static $name = $action_name {
                    $($direction $arg_name => $var_ref),*
                }
            }
        )*
    };
    
    // Variante mixte : actions avec et sans arguments
    (
        $(
            $name:ident = $action_name:literal $({
                $(
                    $direction:ident $arg_name:literal => $var_ref:expr
                ),* $(,)?
            })?
        )*
    ) => {
        $(
            $(
                define_action! {
                    pub static $name = $action_name {
                        $($direction $arg_name => $var_ref),*
                    }
                }
            )?
            $(
                // Cas sans accolades (action sans arguments)
                #[allow(unused)]
                define_action! {
                    pub static $name = $action_name
                }
            )?
        )*
    };
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/action_set_methods.rs`

```rust
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::actions::ActionSet;
use crate::UpnpObject;

impl UpnpObject for ActionSet {
         fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("actionList");

        for action in self.all() {
            let action_elem = action.to_xml_element(); // retourne un <action> complet
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(action_elem));
        }

        elem
    }

}

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/action_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::Arc;

use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::UpnpModel;
use crate::UpnpObject;
use crate::UpnpObjectSetError;
use crate::UpnpObjectType;
use crate::UpnpTyped;
use crate::actions::Action;
use crate::actions::ActionInstance;
use crate::actions::Argument;
use crate::actions::ArgumentSet;

impl UpnpObject for Action {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut action_elem = Element::new("action");

        // <name>
        let mut name_elem = Element::new("name");
        name_elem
            .children
            .push(XMLNode::Text(self.get_name().clone()));
        action_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(name_elem));

        // <argumentList>
        let args_elem = self.arguments.to_xml_element();
        action_elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(args_elem));

        action_elem
    }
}

impl UpnpModel for Action {
    type Instance = ActionInstance;
}

impl UpnpTyped for Action {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        return &self.object;
    }
}

impl Action {
    pub fn new(name: String) -> Action {
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name,
                object_type: "Action".to_string(),
            },
            arguments: ArgumentSet::new(),
        }
    }

    pub fn add_argument(&mut self, arg: Arc<Argument>) -> Result<(), UpnpObjectSetError> {
        self.arguments.insert(arg)
    }

    pub fn arguments(&self) -> &ArgumentSet {
        &self.arguments
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/actions/arg_instance_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};

use xmltree::Element;

use crate::{actions::{Argument, ArgumentInstance}, state_variables::StateVarInstance, UpnpInstance, UpnpObject, UpnpObjectType, UpnpTyped, UpnpTypedInstance};


impl UpnpObject for ArgumentInstance {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        self.get_model().to_xml_element()
    }
}

impl UpnpTyped for ArgumentInstance {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        return &self.object;
    }
}

/// Implémentation de [`UpnpTypedInstance`] pour [`ArgumentInstance`].
///
/// Cette implémentation permet d'accéder au modèle [`Argument`] depuis l'instance
/// via la méthode [`get_model()`](UpnpTypedInstance::get_model).
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// use pmoupnp::UpnpTypedInstance;
///
/// let arg_instance = ArgumentInstance::new(&arg_model);
///
/// // Accéder au modèle
/// let model = arg_instance.get_model();
/// println!("Direction: in={}, out={}", model.is_in(), model.is_out());
/// println!("Related variable: {}", model.state_variable().get_name());
/// ```
impl UpnpTypedInstance for ArgumentInstance {
    /// Retourne une référence vers le modèle [`Argument`].
    ///
    /// Permet d'accéder aux métadonnées statiques définies dans le modèle :
    /// - Direction de l'argument (in/out)
    /// - Variable d'état associée
    /// - Nom et type
    fn get_model(&self) -> &Self::Model {
        &self.model
    }
}


/// Implémentation de [`UpnpInstance`] pour [`ArgumentInstance`].
///
/// Cette implémentation fournit le constructeur standard qui crée une instance
/// **non liée** d'un argument. La liaison à une [`StateVarInstance`] doit être
/// effectuée séparément via [`bind_variable`](ArgumentInstance::bind_variable).
///
/// # Processus de construction en deux phases
///
/// ```text
/// Phase 1 (new)           Phase 2 (bind_variable)
/// ┌─────────────────┐     ┌──────────────────────┐
/// │ ArgumentInstance│     │  StateVarInstance    │
/// │                 │     │                      │
/// │ model: Arc<...> │────>│  Liaison établie     │
/// │ variable: None  │     │  variable: Some(...) │
/// └─────────────────┘     └──────────────────────┘
///       ↓                            ↓
///   Création               bind_variable(&var)
/// ```
///
/// # Pourquoi deux phases ?
///
/// 1. **Ordre de création** : Les modèles (`Argument`) existent avant les instances
/// 2. **Validation différée** : Les dépendances sont vérifiées après instanciation
/// 3. **Découplage** : Permet de créer des arguments même si les variables n'existent pas encore
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// use pmoupnp::actions::{Argument, ArgumentInstance};
/// use pmoupnp::UpnpInstance;
///
/// let arg_model = Argument::new_in("InstanceID".to_string(), instance_id_var);
/// 
/// // Création de l'instance - Phase 1
/// let arg_instance = ArgumentInstance::new(&arg_model);
/// 
/// // À ce stade, l'instance existe mais n'est pas encore liée
/// assert_eq!(arg_instance.get_name(), "InstanceID");
/// assert!(arg_instance.get_variable_instance().is_none());
/// 
/// // La liaison se fera plus tard via bind_variable()
/// ```
impl UpnpInstance for ArgumentInstance {
    type Model = Argument;

    /// Crée une nouvelle instance d'argument depuis son modèle.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `from` - Référence vers le modèle [`Argument`] définissant cet argument
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une nouvelle `ArgumentInstance` avec :
    /// - Nom copié depuis le modèle
    /// - Référence vers le modèle (clone)
    /// - `variable_instance` initialisé à `None` (liaison non établie)
    ///
    /// # État initial
    ///
    /// L'instance créée n'est **pas encore liée** à une variable d'état.
    /// Pour établir la liaison, appelez [`bind_variable`](ArgumentInstance::bind_variable).
    ///
    /// # Thread-safety
    ///
    /// L'instance retournée est thread-safe et peut être partagée via `Arc`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// use pmoupnp::UpnpInstance;
    /// 
    /// // Création depuis un modèle
    /// let instance = ArgumentInstance::new(&arg_model);
    /// 
    /// // L'instance hérite des propriétés du modèle
    /// assert_eq!(instance.get_name(), arg_model.get_name());
    /// assert_eq!(instance.is_in(), arg_model.is_in());
    /// 
    /// // Mais n'a pas encore de valeur runtime
    /// assert!(instance.get_variable_instance().is_none());
    /// ```
    fn new(from: &Argument) -> Self {
        Self {
            // Copie des métadonnées depuis le modèle
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name: from.get_name().clone(),
                object_type: "ArgumentInstance".to_string(),
            },
            
            // Clone du modèle pour référence future
            model: from.clone(),
            
            // Initialisation à None - sera lié plus tard via bind_variable()
            // Arc<RwLock<...>> permet la modification thread-safe post-construction
            variable_instance: Arc::new(RwLock::new(None)),
        }
    }
}

// ============================================================================
// Méthodes de liaison et d'accès
// ============================================================================

impl ArgumentInstance {
    /// Lie cet argument à une instance de variable d'état.
    ///
    /// Cette méthode établit la connexion entre l'argument et sa variable d'état,
    /// permettant l'accès aux valeurs runtime lors de l'exécution d'actions.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `var_instance` - Instance de la variable d'état à lier
    ///
    /// # Thread-safety
    ///
    /// Cette méthode acquiert un **write lock** sur `variable_instance` et peut
    /// bloquer si d'autres threads lisent actuellement la valeur.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panique si le lock est empoisonné (poisoned), ce qui ne devrait jamais
    /// arriver dans un usage normal.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// use std::sync::Arc;
    /// 
    /// let arg_instance = ArgumentInstance::new(&arg_model);
    /// let var_instance = Arc::new(StateVarInstance::new(&state_var));
    /// 
    /// // Établir la liaison
    /// arg_instance.bind_variable(var_instance.clone());
    /// 
    /// // Vérifier que la liaison est établie
    /// assert!(arg_instance.get_variable_instance().is_some());
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Note
    ///
    /// Cette méthode peut être appelée plusieurs fois pour changer la variable liée,
    /// bien que ce ne soit généralement pas recommandé dans un usage normal.
    pub fn bind_variable(&self, var_instance: Arc<StateVarInstance>) {
        let mut var = self.variable_instance.write().unwrap();
        *var = Some(var_instance);
    }

    /// Retourne l'instance de variable d'état liée, si elle existe.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// - `Some(Arc<StateVarInstance>)` si une variable est liée
    /// - `None` si aucune liaison n'a été établie via [`bind_variable`](Self::bind_variable)
    ///
    /// # Thread-safety
    ///
    /// Cette méthode acquiert un **read lock** sur `variable_instance`.
    /// Plusieurs threads peuvent lire simultanément sans blocage.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panique si le lock est empoisonné (poisoned).
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// // Vérifier si la liaison existe
    /// if let Some(var) = arg_instance.get_variable_instance() {
    ///     println!("Variable liée : {}", var.get_name());
    ///     println!("Valeur actuelle : {}", var.value());
    /// } else {
    ///     println!("Aucune variable liée");
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Usage dans l'exécution d'actions
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// async fn execute_action(action: &ActionInstance) -> Result<(), ActionError> {
    ///     for arg in action.arguments_set().all() {
    ///         if let Some(var) = arg.get_variable_instance() {
    ///             // Utiliser var.value() pour lire/écrire
    ///             println!("Paramètre {} = {}", arg.get_name(), var.value());
    ///         } else {
    ///             return Err(ActionError::UnboundArgument(arg.get_name().to_string()));
    ///         }
    ///     }
    ///     Ok(())
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn get_variable_instance(&self) -> Option<Arc<StateVarInstance>> {
        self.variable_instance.read().unwrap().clone()
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_i64.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for i64 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // signés
            StateValue::I1(v) => Ok(*v as i64),
            StateValue::I2(v) => Ok(*v as i64),
            StateValue::I4(v) => Ok(*v as i64),
            StateValue::Int(v) => Ok(*v as i64),

            // non signés
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as i64),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v as i64),
            StateValue::UI4(v) => Ok(*v as i64), // toujours dans l'intervalle d'un i64

            // booléen
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as i64),

            // chaîne → i64
            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<i64>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as i64", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to i64".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for i64 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        i64::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<i64> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: i64) -> Self {
        StateValue::Int(value as i32) // ⚠️ choix à discuter : Int est i32, pas i64
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_f32.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for f32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        const MAX_EXACT: i32 = 1 << f32::MANTISSA_DIGITS;
        match value {
            // --- Signed integers ---
            StateValue::I1(v) => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::I2(v) => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v > -MAX_EXACT && *v < MAX_EXACT => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v >= -MAX_EXACT && *v <= MAX_EXACT as i32 => Ok(*v as f32),

            // --- Unsigned integers ---
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= MAX_EXACT as u32 => Ok(*v as f32),
            StateValue::UI4(_) => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast UI4 to f32: out of range".into(),
            )),

            // --- Floats ---
            StateValue::R4(v) => Ok(*v), // déjà un f32
            StateValue::R8(v)
                if !v.is_finite() || (*v <= f32::MAX as f64 && *v >= f32::MIN as f64) =>
            {
                Ok(*v as f32)
            }
            StateValue::R8(_) => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast R8 to f32: out of range".into(),
            )),
            StateValue::Number(v)
                if !v.is_finite() || (*v <= f32::MAX as f64 && *v >= f32::MIN as f64) =>
            {
                Ok(*v as f32)
            }
            StateValue::Number(_) => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast Number to f32: out of range".into(),
            )),
            StateValue::Fixed14_4(v)
                if !v.is_finite() || (*v <= f32::MAX as f64 && *v >= f32::MIN as f64) =>
            {
                Ok(*v as f32)
            }
            StateValue::Fixed14_4(_) => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast Fixed14_4 to f32: out of range".into(),
            )),

            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok((*v as i32) as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<f32>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as f32", s))),

            // --- Par défaut : erreur ---
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to f32".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for f32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        f32::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<f32> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: f32) -> Self {
        StateValue::R4(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_naivedate.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use chrono::NaiveDate;
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for NaiveDate {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::Date(v) => Ok(v.clone()),
            StateValue::String(v) => NaiveDate::parse_from_str(v, "%Y-%m-%d").map_err(|e| {
                StateValueError::ParseError(format!("Cannot parse Date from string '{}': {}", v, e))
            }),
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast to NaiveDate".into(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for NaiveDate {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        NaiveDate::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<NaiveDate> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: NaiveDate) -> Self {
        StateValue::Date(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/value_methods.rs`

```rust
use std::cmp::Ordering;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType, type_trait::UpnpVarType};

impl UpnpVarType for StateValue {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> StateVarType {
        StateVarType::from(self) // utilise ton From<&StateValue> existant
    }
}

impl PartialEq for StateValue {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
        match (self, other) {
            (a, b) if a.is_integer() && b.is_integer() => {
                if let (Ok(ia), Ok(ib)) = (i64::try_from(a), i64::try_from(b)) {
                    return ia == ib;
                };
                return false;
            }
            (a, b) if a.is_float() && b.is_float() => {
                if let (Ok(a), Ok(b)) = (f64::try_from(self), f64::try_from(other)) {
                    return a == b; // NaN respecte la sémantique IEEE (NaN != NaN)
                }
                return false;
            }
            (a, b) if a.is_string() && b.is_string() => {
                let (a, b) = (self.to_string(), other.to_string());
                return a == b; // NaN respecte la sémantique IEEE (NaN != NaN)
            }
            (StateValue::Date(a), StateValue::Date(b)) => {
                return a == b;
            }
            (StateValue::Time(a), StateValue::Time(b)) => {
                return a == b;
            }
            (StateValue::DateTime(a), StateValue::DateTime(b)) => {
                return a == b;
            }
            (StateValue::DateTimeTZ(a), StateValue::DateTimeTZ(b)) => {
                return a == b;
            }
            (StateValue::TimeTZ(a), StateValue::TimeTZ(b)) => {
                return a == b;
            }

            (_, _) => return false,
        }
    }
}

impl PartialOrd for StateValue {
    fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<Ordering> {
        match (self, other) {
            (a, b) if a.is_integer() && b.is_integer() => {
                if let (Ok(ia), Ok(ib)) = (i64::try_from(a), i64::try_from(b)) {
                    return Some(ia.cmp(&ib));
                };
                return None;
            }
            (a, b) if a.is_float() && b.is_float() => {
                if let (Ok(a), Ok(b)) = (f64::try_from(self), f64::try_from(other)) {
                    return a.partial_cmp(&b); // NaN respecte la sémantique IEEE (NaN != NaN)
                }
                return None;
            }
            (a, b) if a.is_string() && b.is_string() => {
                let (a, b) = (self.to_string(), other.to_string());
                return Some(a.cmp(&b)); // NaN respecte la sémantique IEEE (NaN != NaN)
            }
            (StateValue::Date(a), StateValue::Date(b)) => {
                return Some(a.cmp(&b));
            }
            (StateValue::Time(a), StateValue::Time(b)) => {
                return Some(a.cmp(&b));
            }
            (StateValue::DateTime(a), StateValue::DateTime(b)) => {
                return Some(a.cmp(&b));
            }
            (StateValue::DateTimeTZ(a), StateValue::DateTimeTZ(b)) => {
                return Some(a.cmp(&b));
            }
            (StateValue::TimeTZ(a), StateValue::TimeTZ(b)) => {
                return Some(a.cmp(&b));
            }
            (_, _) => return None,
        }
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_type.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType};

impl From<&StateValue> for StateVarType {
    fn from(value: &StateValue) -> Self {
        match value {
            StateValue::UI1(_) => StateVarType::UI1,
            StateValue::UI2(_) => StateVarType::UI2,
            StateValue::UI4(_) => StateVarType::UI4,
            StateValue::I1(_) => StateVarType::I1,
            StateValue::I2(_) => StateVarType::I2,
            StateValue::I4(_) => StateVarType::I4,
            StateValue::Int(_) => StateVarType::Int,
            StateValue::R4(_) => StateVarType::R4,
            StateValue::R8(_) => StateVarType::R8,
            StateValue::Number(_) => StateVarType::Number,
            StateValue::Fixed14_4(_) => StateVarType::Fixed14_4,
            StateValue::Char(_) => StateVarType::Char,
            StateValue::String(_) => StateVarType::String,
            StateValue::BinBase64(_) => StateVarType::BinBase64,
            StateValue::BinHex(_) => StateVarType::BinHex,
            StateValue::URI(_) => StateVarType::URI,
            StateValue::UUID(_) => StateVarType::UUID,
            StateValue::Date(_) => StateVarType::Date,
            StateValue::DateTime(_) => StateVarType::DateTime,
            StateValue::DateTimeTZ(_) => StateVarType::DateTimeTZ,
            StateValue::Time(_) => StateVarType::Time,
            StateValue::TimeTZ(_) => StateVarType::TimeTZ,
            StateValue::Boolean(_) => StateVarType::Boolean,
        }
    }
}

impl From<StateValue> for StateVarType {
    fn from(value: StateValue) -> Self {
        StateVarType::from(&value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_datetime.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset};
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for DateTime<FixedOffset> {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::DateTimeTZ(v) => Ok(v.clone()),
            StateValue::TimeTZ(v) => Ok(v.clone()),
            StateValue::String(v) => DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(v).map_err(|e| {
                StateValueError::ParseError(format!(
                    "Cannot parse DateTimeTZ from string '{}': {}",
                    v, e
                ))
            }),
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast to DateTime<FixedOffset>".into(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for DateTime<FixedOffset> {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        DateTime::<FixedOffset>::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<DateTime<FixedOffset>> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: DateTime<FixedOffset>) -> Self {
        StateValue::DateTimeTZ(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_u16.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

// Implémentations TryFrom<StateValue> pour types numériques

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for u16 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= i16::MAX as u32 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::I1(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::I2(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v >= 0 && *v <= u16::MAX as i32 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v >= 0 && *v <= u16::MAX as i32 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<u16>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as u16", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to u16".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for u16 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        u16::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<u16> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: u16) -> Self {
        StateValue::UI2(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/fromstr.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
use std::str::FromStr;

impl FromStr for StateVarType {
    type Err = String; // Type d'erreur personnalisé

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
            "ui1" => Ok(StateVarType::UI1),
            "ui2" => Ok(StateVarType::UI2),
            "ui4" => Ok(StateVarType::UI4),
            "i1" => Ok(StateVarType::I1),
            "i2" => Ok(StateVarType::I2),
            "i4" => Ok(StateVarType::I4),
            "int" => Ok(StateVarType::Int),
            "r4" => Ok(StateVarType::R4),
            "r8" => Ok(StateVarType::R8),
            "number" => Ok(StateVarType::Number),
            "fixed.14.4" => Ok(StateVarType::Fixed14_4),
            "char" => Ok(StateVarType::Char),
            "string" => Ok(StateVarType::String),
            "boolean" => Ok(StateVarType::Boolean),
            "bin.base64" => Ok(StateVarType::BinBase64),
            "bin.hex" => Ok(StateVarType::BinHex),
            "date" => Ok(StateVarType::Date),
            "datetime" => Ok(StateVarType::DateTime),
            "datetime.tz" => Ok(StateVarType::DateTimeTZ),
            "time" => Ok(StateVarType::Time),
            "time.tz" => Ok(StateVarType::TimeTZ),
            "uuid" => Ok(StateVarType::UUID),
            "uri" => Ok(StateVarType::URI),
            _ => Err(format!("Type inconnu: {}", s)),
        }
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_u32.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for u32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::UI4(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::I1(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::I2(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as Self),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<u32>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as u32", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to u32".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for u32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        u32::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<u32> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: u32) -> Self {
        StateValue::UI4(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_vec_u8.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use base64::{Engine as _, engine::general_purpose::STANDARD};
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for Vec<u8> {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // Déjà un vecteur binaire
            StateValue::BinBase64(v) => STANDARD
                .decode(v)
                .map_err(|e| StateValueError::ParseError(format!("Base64 decode error: {}", e))),
            StateValue::BinHex(v) => hex::decode(v)
                .map_err(|e| StateValueError::ParseError(format!("BinHex decode error: {}", e))),

            // Conversion depuis une chaîne encodée
            StateValue::String(s) => {
                // Essayer Base64
                if let Ok(bytes) = STANDARD.decode(s) {
                    return Ok(bytes);
                }
                // Essayer Hex
                if let Ok(bytes) = hex::decode(s) {
                    return Ok(bytes);
                }
                Err(StateValueError::ParseError(format!(
                    "Cannot parse string '{}' as binary",
                    s
                )))
            }

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast to binary Vec<u8>".into(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for Vec<u8> {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Vec::<u8>::try_from(&value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/default_value.rs`

```rust
use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset, NaiveDate, NaiveTime};
use url::Url;
use uuid::Uuid;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateVarType};

impl StateVarType {
    pub fn default_value(&self) -> StateValue {
        match self {
            StateVarType::UI1 => StateValue::UI1(0),
            StateVarType::UI2 => StateValue::UI2(0),
            StateVarType::UI4 => StateValue::UI4(0),
            StateVarType::I1 => StateValue::I1(0),
            StateVarType::I2 => StateValue::I2(0),
            StateVarType::I4 => StateValue::I4(0),
            StateVarType::Int => StateValue::Int(0),
            StateVarType::R4 => StateValue::R4(0.0),
            StateVarType::R8 => StateValue::R8(0.0),
            StateVarType::Number => StateValue::Number(0.0),
            StateVarType::Fixed14_4 => StateValue::Fixed14_4(0.0),
            StateVarType::Char => StateValue::Char('\0'),
            StateVarType::String => StateValue::String(String::new()),
            StateVarType::Boolean => StateValue::Boolean(false),
            StateVarType::BinBase64 => StateValue::BinBase64(String::new()),
            StateVarType::BinHex => StateValue::BinHex(String::new()),
            StateVarType::Date => StateValue::Date(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(1970, 1, 1).unwrap()),
            StateVarType::DateTime => {
                StateValue::DateTime(DateTime::from_timestamp(0, 0).unwrap().naive_utc().into())
            }
            StateVarType::DateTimeTZ => {
                StateValue::DateTimeTZ(DateTime::from_naive_utc_and_offset(
                    DateTime::from_timestamp(0, 0).unwrap().naive_utc(),
                    FixedOffset::east_opt(0).unwrap(),
                ))
            }
            StateVarType::Time => StateValue::Time(NaiveTime::from_hms_opt(0, 0, 0).unwrap()),
            StateVarType::TimeTZ => StateValue::TimeTZ(DateTime::from_naive_utc_and_offset(
                DateTime::from_timestamp(0, 0).unwrap().naive_utc(),
                FixedOffset::east_opt(0).unwrap(),
            )),
            StateVarType::UUID => StateValue::UUID(Uuid::nil()),
            StateVarType::URI => StateValue::URI(Url::parse("http://localhost").unwrap()),
        }
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_str.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<&str> for StateValue {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(s: &str) -> Result<Self, StateValueError> {
        Ok(StateValue::String(s.to_string()))
    }
}

// Conversion depuis String
impl TryFrom<String> for StateValue {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(s: String) -> Result<Self, StateValueError> {
        Ok(StateValue::String(s))
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/display_value.rs`

```rust
use base64::Engine;
use base64::engine::general_purpose;
use std::fmt;

use crate::variable_types::StateValue;

impl fmt::Display for StateValue {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        match self {
            // Numériques
            StateValue::UI1(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::UI4(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::I1(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::I2(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::I4(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::Int(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::R4(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::R8(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::Number(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::Fixed14_4(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),

            // Types déjà Display
            StateValue::Char(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::String(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::UUID(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),
            StateValue::URI(v) => write!(f, "{}", v),

            // Booléen : 1 ou 0
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => write!(f, "{}", if *v { "1" } else { "0" }),

            // Encodages binaires
            StateValue::BinBase64(v) => write!(f, "{}", general_purpose::URL_SAFE.encode(v)),
            StateValue::BinHex(v) => write!(f, "{}", hex::encode(v)),

            // Dates et temps
            StateValue::Date(v) => write!(f, "{}", v.format("%Y-%m-%d")),
            StateValue::DateTime(v) => write!(f, "{}", v.format("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")),
            StateValue::DateTimeTZ(v) => write!(f, "{}", v.to_rfc3339()),
            StateValue::Time(v) => write!(f, "{}", v.format("%H:%M:%S")),
            StateValue::TimeTZ(v) => write!(f, "{}", v.format("%H:%M:%S%z")),
        }
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_i8.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

// Implémentations TryFrom<StateValue> pour types numériques

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for i8 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::I1(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::I2(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as i16 && *v >= i8::MIN as i16 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as i32 && *v >= i8::MIN as i32 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as i32 && *v >= i8::MIN as i32 => Ok(*v as i8),

            StateValue::UI1(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as u8 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::UI2(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as u16 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as u32 => Ok(*v as i8),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<i8>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as i8", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to i8".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for i8 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        i8::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<i8> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: i8) -> Self {
        StateValue::I1(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/cast.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError, StateVarType};
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl StateValue {
    pub fn try_cast(&self, target: StateVarType) -> Result<StateValue, StateValueError> {
        let source = StateVarType::from(self);

        // Identité (même type)
        if source == target {
            return Ok(self.clone());
        }

        match (self, target) {
            (val, StateVarType::String) => Ok(StateValue::String(val.to_string())),

            (_, StateVarType::UI1) => Ok(StateValue::UI1(u8::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::UI2) => Ok(StateValue::UI2(u16::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::UI4) => Ok(StateValue::UI4(u32::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::I1) => Ok(StateValue::I1(i8::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::I2) => Ok(StateValue::I2(i16::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::I4) => Ok(StateValue::I4(i32::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::Int) => Ok(StateValue::Int(i32::try_from(self)?)),

            (_, StateVarType::R8) => Ok(StateValue::R8(f64::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::Number) => Ok(StateValue::Number(f64::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::Fixed14_4) => Ok(StateValue::Fixed14_4(f64::try_from(self)?)),
            (_, StateVarType::R4) => Ok(StateValue::R4(f32::try_from(self)?)),

            // --- Pas encore implémenté pour les autres types ---
            (val, target) => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(format!(
                "Cannot cast {:?} to {:?}",
                val, target
            ))),
        }
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/type_methods.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateVarType, type_trait::UpnpVarType};

impl UpnpVarType for StateVarType {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> StateVarType {
        *self
    }

    fn bit_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
        match self {
            StateVarType::UI1 | StateVarType::I1 => Some(8),
            StateVarType::UI2 | StateVarType::I2 => Some(16),
            StateVarType::UI4 | StateVarType::I4 | StateVarType::Int | StateVarType::R4 => Some(32),
            StateVarType::R8 | StateVarType::Number | StateVarType::Fixed14_4 => Some(64),
            _ => None,
        }
    }

    fn is_numeric(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::UI1
                | StateVarType::UI2
                | StateVarType::UI4
                | StateVarType::I1
                | StateVarType::I2
                | StateVarType::I4
                | StateVarType::Int
                | StateVarType::R4
                | StateVarType::R8
                | StateVarType::Number
                | StateVarType::Fixed14_4
        )
    }

    fn is_integer(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::UI1
                | StateVarType::UI2
                | StateVarType::UI4
                | StateVarType::I1
                | StateVarType::I2
                | StateVarType::I4
                | StateVarType::Int
        )
    }

    fn is_signed_int(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::I1 | StateVarType::I2 | StateVarType::I4 | StateVarType::Int
        )
    }

    fn is_unsigned_int(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::UI1 | StateVarType::UI2 | StateVarType::UI4
        )
    }

    fn is_float(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::R4 | StateVarType::R8 | StateVarType::Number | StateVarType::Fixed14_4
        )
    }

    fn is_bool(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, StateVarType::Boolean)
    }

    fn is_string(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::String
                | StateVarType::Char
                | StateVarType::BinHex
                | StateVarType::BinBase64
        )
    }

    fn is_time(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(
            self,
            StateVarType::Date
                | StateVarType::DateTime
                | StateVarType::DateTimeTZ
                | StateVarType::Time
                | StateVarType::TimeTZ
        )
    }

    fn is_uuid(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, StateVarType::UUID)
    }

    fn is_uri(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, StateVarType::URI)
    }

    fn is_binary(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self, StateVarType::BinBase64 | StateVarType::BinHex)
    }

    fn is_comparable(&self) -> bool {
        !self.is_binary()
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/mod.rs`

```rust
mod cast;
mod default_value;
mod display_type;
mod display_value;
mod errors;
mod fromstr;
mod type_methods;
mod type_trait;
mod value_methods;
mod value_trait;

mod values_from_type;

mod values_from_i16;
mod values_from_i32;
mod values_from_i64;
mod values_from_i8;
mod values_from_u16;
mod values_from_u32;
mod values_from_u8;

mod values_from_f32;
mod values_from_f64;

mod values_from_datetime;
mod values_from_naivedate;
mod values_from_naivedatetime;
mod values_from_naivetime;
mod values_from_uri;
mod values_from_uuid;
mod values_from_vec_u8;

mod values_from_str;

use std::fmt::Debug;

use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset, NaiveDate, NaiveDateTime, NaiveTime};
use url::Url;
use uuid::Uuid;

pub use errors::StateValueError;
pub use type_trait::UpnpVarType;

pub use crate::variable_types::value_trait::UpnpValue;

#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub enum StateVarType {
    UI1,        // Unsigned 8-bit integer
    UI2,        // Unsigned 16-bit integer
    UI4,        // Unsigned 32-bit integer
    I1,         // Signed 8-bit integer
    I2,         // Signed 16-bit integer
    I4,         // Signed 32-bit integer
    Int,        // Synonymous with i4
    R4,         // 32-bit floating point
    R8,         // 64-bit floating point
    Number,     // Synonymous with r8
    Fixed14_4,  // Fixed-point decimal
    Char,       // Single Unicode character
    String,     // Character string
    Boolean,    // Boolean value
    BinBase64,  // Base64-encoded binary
    BinHex,     // Hex-encoded binary
    Date,       // Date (YYYY-MM-DD)
    DateTime,   // DateTime without timezone
    DateTimeTZ, // DateTime with timezone
    Time,       // Time without timezone
    TimeTZ,     // Time with timezone
    UUID,       // Universally unique identifier
    URI,        // Uniform Resource Identifier
}

#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub enum StateValue {
    UI1(u8),
    UI2(u16),
    UI4(u32),
    I1(i8),
    I2(i16),
    I4(i32),
    Int(i32),
    R4(f32),
    R8(f64),
    Number(f64),
    Fixed14_4(f64),
    Char(char),
    String(String),
    Boolean(bool),
    BinBase64(String),
    BinHex(String),
    Date(NaiveDate),
    DateTime(NaiveDateTime),
    DateTimeTZ(DateTime<FixedOffset>),
    Time(NaiveTime),
    TimeTZ(DateTime<FixedOffset>),
    UUID(Uuid),
    URI(Url),
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_u8.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

// Implémentations TryFrom<StateValue> pour types numériques

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for u8 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::UI2(v) if *v <= u8::MAX as u16 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= i8::MAX as u32 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::I1(v) if *v >= 0 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::I2(v) if *v >= 0 && *v <= u8::MAX as i16 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v >= 0 && *v <= u8::MAX as i32 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v >= 0 && *v <= u8::MAX as i32 => Ok(*v as u8),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<u8>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as u8", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to u8".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for u8 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        u8::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<u8> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: u8) -> Self {
        StateValue::UI1(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/errors.rs`

```rust
use thiserror::Error;

#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum StateValueError {
    #[error("Conversion error: {0}")]
    ConversionError(String),

    #[error("Validation error: {0}")]
    ValidationError(String),

    #[error("Range error: {0}")]
    RangeError(String),

    #[error("Type error: {0}")]
    TypeError(String),

    #[error("Parse error: {0}")]
    ParseError(String),

    #[error("Event condition error: {0}")]
    EventConditionError(String),

    #[error("Arithmetic error: {0}")]
    ArithmeticError(String),

    #[error("Unknown error: {0}")]
    Unknown(String),
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/display_type.rs`

```rust
use std::fmt;

use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;

impl fmt::Display for StateVarType {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        let s = match self {
            StateVarType::UI1 => "ui1",
            StateVarType::UI2 => "ui2",
            StateVarType::UI4 => "ui4",
            StateVarType::I1 => "i1",
            StateVarType::I2 => "i2",
            StateVarType::I4 => "i4",
            StateVarType::Int => "int",
            StateVarType::R4 => "r4",
            StateVarType::R8 => "r8",
            StateVarType::Number => "number",
            StateVarType::Fixed14_4 => "fixed.14.4",
            StateVarType::Char => "char",
            StateVarType::String => "string",
            StateVarType::Boolean => "boolean",
            StateVarType::BinBase64 => "bin.base64",
            StateVarType::BinHex => "bin.hex",
            StateVarType::Date => "date",
            StateVarType::DateTime => "dateTime",
            StateVarType::DateTimeTZ => "dateTime.tz",
            StateVarType::Time => "time",
            StateVarType::TimeTZ => "time.tz",
            StateVarType::UUID => "uuid",
            StateVarType::URI => "uri",
        };
        write!(f, "{}", s)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_uuid.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;
use uuid::Uuid;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for Uuid {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // Si déjà un URI encodé comme StateValue::URI
            StateValue::UUID(v) => Ok(v),

            // Si c'est une String, on tente un parse
            StateValue::String(v) => Uuid::parse_str(&v)
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError("Invalid UUID string".into())),

            // Autres types : erreur
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to Uuid".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl From<Uuid> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: Uuid) -> Self {
        StateValue::UUID(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_uri.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;
use url::Url;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for Url {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // Si déjà un URI encodé comme StateValue::URI
            StateValue::URI(v) => Ok(v),

            // Si c'est une String, on tente un parse
            StateValue::String(v) => {
                Url::parse(&v).map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError("Invalid URI string".into()))
            }

            // Autres types : erreur
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to Url".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl From<Url> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: Url) -> Self {
        StateValue::URI(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/value_trait.rs`

```rust
pub trait UpnpValue: Clone {}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_f64.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for f64 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // --- Signed integers ---
            StateValue::I1(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::I2(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::I4(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::Int(v) => Ok(*v as f64),

            // --- Unsigned integers ---
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::UI4(v) => Ok(*v as f64),

            // --- Floats ---
            StateValue::R4(v) => Ok(*v as f64),
            StateValue::R8(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::Number(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::Fixed14_4(v) => Ok(*v),

            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok((*v as i32) as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<f64>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as f64", s))),

            // --- Par défaut : erreur ---
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to f64".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for f64 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        f64::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<f64> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: f64) -> Self {
        StateValue::R8(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_naivedatetime.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use chrono::NaiveDateTime;
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for NaiveDateTime {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::DateTime(v) => Ok(v.clone()),
            StateValue::String(v) => NaiveDateTime::parse_from_str(&v, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S")
                .map_err(|e| {
                    StateValueError::ParseError(format!(
                        "Cannot parse DateTime from string '{}': {}",
                        v, e
                    ))
                }),
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast to NaiveDateTime".into(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for NaiveDateTime {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        NaiveDateTime::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<NaiveDateTime> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: NaiveDateTime) -> Self {
        StateValue::DateTime(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_i32.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for i32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            // signés
            StateValue::I1(v) => Ok(*v as i32),
            StateValue::I2(v) => Ok(*v as i32),
            StateValue::I4(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::Int(v) => Ok(*v),

            // non signés
            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as i32),
            StateValue::UI2(v) => Ok(*v as i32),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= i32::MAX as u32 => Ok(*v as i32),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<i32>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as i32", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to i32".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for i32 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        i32::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<i32> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: i32) -> Self {
        StateValue::I4(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_naivetime.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};
use chrono::NaiveTime;
use std::convert::TryFrom;

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for NaiveTime {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::Time(v) => Ok(v.clone()),
            StateValue::String(v) => NaiveTime::parse_from_str(&v, "%H:%M:%S").map_err(|e| {
                StateValueError::ParseError(format!("Cannot parse Time from string '{}': {}", v, e))
            }),
            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError(
                "Cannot cast to NaiveTime".into(),
            )),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for NaiveTime {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        NaiveTime::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<NaiveTime> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: NaiveTime) -> Self {
        StateValue::Time(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/values_from_i16.rs`

```rust
use std::convert::TryFrom;

use crate::variable_types::{StateValue, StateValueError};

// Implémentations TryFrom<StateValue> pour types numériques

impl TryFrom<&StateValue> for i16 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: &StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            StateValue::I1(v) => Ok(*v as i16),
            StateValue::I2(v) => Ok(*v),
            StateValue::I4(v) if *v <= i16::MAX as i32 && *v >= i16::MIN as i32 => Ok(*v as i16),
            StateValue::Int(v) if *v <= i16::MAX as i32 && *v >= i16::MIN as i32 => Ok(*v as i16),

            StateValue::UI1(v) => Ok(*v as i16),
            StateValue::UI2(v) if *v <= i16::MAX as u16 => Ok(*v as i16),
            StateValue::UI4(v) if *v <= i16::MAX as u32 => Ok(*v as i16),
            StateValue::Boolean(v) => Ok(*v as Self),

            StateValue::String(s) => s
                .parse::<i16>()
                .map_err(|_| StateValueError::TypeError(format!("Cannot parse '{}' as i16", s))),

            _ => Err(StateValueError::TypeError("Cannot cast to i32".into())),
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<StateValue> for i16 {
    type Error = StateValueError;

    fn try_from(value: StateValue) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        i16::try_from(&value)
    }
}

impl From<i16> for StateValue {
    fn from(value: i16) -> Self {
        StateValue::I2(value)
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/variable_types/type_trait.rs`

```rust
use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;

pub trait UpnpVarType {
    fn as_state_var_type(&self) -> StateVarType;

    fn bit_size(&self) -> Option<usize> {
        self.as_state_var_type().bit_size()
    }

    fn is_numeric(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_numeric()
    }

    fn is_integer(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_integer()
    }

    fn is_signed_int(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_signed_int()
    }

    fn is_unsigned_int(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_unsigned_int()
    }

    fn is_float(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_float()
    }

    fn is_bool(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_bool()
    }

    fn is_string(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_string()
    }

    fn is_time(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_time()
    }

    fn is_uuid(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_uuid()
    }

    fn is_uri(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_uri()
    }

    fn is_binary(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_binary()
    }

    fn is_comparable(&self) -> bool {
        self.as_state_var_type().is_comparable()
    }
}
```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/object_trait.rs`

```rust
//! ## Hiérarchie des traits
//!
//! ```text
//! Clone + Debug
//!     └─> UpnpObject (trait de base)
//!         ├─> UpnpModel (modèles créant des instances)
//!         ├─> UpnpInstance (instances concrètes)
//!         ├─> UpnpTyped (objets avec nom et type)
//!         │   └─> UpnpTypedObject = UpnpObject + UpnpTyped
//!         │       └─> UpnpTypedInstance = UpnpTypedObject + UpnpInstance
//!         └─> UpnpSet (collections) + UpnpDeepClone
//!             ├─> UpnpModelSet = UpnpSet + UpnpModel
//!             └─> UpnInstanceSet = UpnpSet + UpnpInstance
//!
//! UpnpDeepClone (indépendant)
//! ```
//!
//! ## Description des traits
//!
//! - **Traits de base** :
//!   - [`UpnpObject`] : Trait principal avec sérialisation XML/Markdown
//!   - [`UpnpDeepClone`] : Clonage profond (indépendant de la hiérarchie)
//!
//! - **Traits de spécialisation niveau 1** :
//!   - [`UpnpModel`] : Modèle pouvant créer des instances
//!   - [`UpnpInstance`] : Instance concrète créée depuis un modèle
//!   - [`UpnpTyped`] : Ajoute les informations de type et nom
//!   - [`UpnpSet`] : Marque un objet comme collection
//!
//! - **Traits combinés niveau 2** :
//!   - [`UpnpTypedObject`] : Objet typé (marker trait)
//!
//! - **Traits combinés niveau 3** :
//!   - [`UpnpTypedInstance`] : Instance typée (marker trait)
//!   - [`UpnpModelSet`] : Collection de modèles (marker trait)
//!   - [`UpnInstanceSet`] : Collection d'instances (marker trait)

use std::{fmt::Debug, sync::Arc};

use xmltree::{Element, EmitterConfig};

use crate::UpnpObjectType;

/// Trait pour le clonage profond d'objets UPnP.
///
/// Contrairement au trait standard [`Clone`] qui peut effectuer un clonage superficiel
/// (partage via `Arc`), ce trait garantit un clonage complet et indépendant de l'objet.
///
/// # Note
///
/// Ce trait est indépendant de la hiérarchie [`UpnpObject`] et peut être implémenté
/// séparément.
pub trait UpnpDeepClone {
    /// Crée un clone profond de l'objet.
    ///
    /// Tous les éléments internes sont clonés, créant un objet complètement indépendant.
    fn deep_clone(&self) -> Self;
}

/// Trait de base pour tous les objets UPnP.
///
/// Ce trait fournit les fonctionnalités communes à tous les objets UPnP :
/// - Sérialisation XML
/// - Conversion en Markdown
/// - Identification du type d'objet (instance ou set)
///
/// # Traits requis
///
/// - [`Clone`] : Pour pouvoir dupliquer les objets
/// - [`Debug`] : Pour le débogage
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// Ce trait est à la base de toute la hiérarchie UPnP. Voir la documentation du module
/// pour le graphe complet.
pub trait UpnpObject: Clone + Debug {
    /// Convertit l'objet en élément XML.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Un [`Element`] xmltree représentant l'objet.
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element;

    /// Convertit l'objet en chaîne XML formatée.
    ///
    /// Génère une représentation XML complète avec en-tête et indentation.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une chaîne XML formatée avec :
    /// - En-tête `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>`
    /// - Indentation de 2 espaces
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// let xml = my_object.to_xml();
    /// println!("{}", xml);
    /// // <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    /// // <element>
    /// //   <child>value</child>
    /// // </element>
    /// ```
    fn to_xml(&self) -> String {
        let elem = self.to_xml_element();

        let config = EmitterConfig::new()
            .perform_indent(true)
            .indent_string("  ");

        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        elem.write_with_config(&mut buf, config)
            .expect("Failed to write XML");

        let mut xml_string = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n".to_string();
        xml_string.push_str(&String::from_utf8(buf).expect("Invalid UTF-8"));

        xml_string
    }

    /// Convertit l'objet en représentation Markdown.
    ///
    /// Génère une vue hiérarchique de la structure XML en format Markdown,
    /// avec détection automatique des URLs et images.
    ///
    /// # Fonctionnalités
    ///
    /// - Les URLs sont converties en liens cliquables
    /// - Les URLs d'images sont affichées comme images
    /// - Les attributs sont formatés comme `key=value`
    /// - Structure hiérarchique avec indentation
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une chaîne Markdown formatée.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// let md = my_object.to_markdown();
    /// println!("{}", md);
    /// // # UPnP XML (Markdown view)
    /// //
    /// // - **element**
    /// //   - **child**: `value`
    /// ```
    fn to_markdown(&self) -> String {
        let elem = self.to_xml_element();
        let mut md = String::new();

        fn is_url(s: &str) -> bool {
            s.starts_with("http://") || s.starts_with("https://") || s.starts_with("urn:")
        }

        fn is_image_url(s: &str) -> bool {
            let s = s.to_lowercase();
            s.ends_with(".png")
                || s.ends_with(".jpg")
                || s.ends_with(".jpeg")
                || s.ends_with(".gif")
                || s.ends_with(".svg")
                || s.ends_with(".webp")
        }

        fn format_value(v: &str) -> String {
            let v = v.trim().to_string();
            if is_url(&v) {
                if is_image_url(&v) {
                    format!("[{}]({})<br>![]({})", v, v, v)
                } else {
                    format!("[{}]({})", v, v)
                }
            } else {
                format!("`{}`", v)
            }
        }

        fn recurse(elem: &xmltree::Element, md: &mut String, depth: usize) {
            let indent = "  ".repeat(depth);
            md.push_str(&format!("{}- **{}**", indent, elem.name));

            if !elem.attributes.is_empty() {
                let attrs: Vec<String> = elem
                    .attributes
                    .iter()
                    .map(|(k, v)| format!("{}={}", k, format_value(v)))
                    .collect();
                md.push_str(&format!(" ({})", attrs.join(", ")));
            }

            if let Some(text) = elem
                .get_text()
                .map(|s| s.trim().to_string())
                .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
            {
                md.push_str(&format!(": {}", format_value(&text)));
            }

            md.push('\n');

            for child in &elem.children {
                if let xmltree::XMLNode::Element(child_elem) = child {
                    recurse(child_elem, md, depth + 1);
                }
            }
        }

        md.push_str("# UPnP XML (Markdown view)\n\n");
        recurse(&elem, &mut md, 0);
        md
    }

    /// Indique si l'objet est une instance.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `false` par défaut. Surchargé par [`UpnpInstance`] pour retourner `true`.
    fn is_instance(&self) -> bool {
        false
    }

    /// Indique si l'objet est une collection (set).
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `false` par défaut. Surchargé par [`UpnpSet`] pour retourner `true`.
    fn is_set(&self) -> bool {
        false
    }
}

/// Trait pour les modèles UPnP qui peuvent créer des instances.
///
/// Un modèle représente la définition ou template d'un objet UPnP, tandis qu'une
/// instance est une occurrence concrète de cet objet.
///
/// # Type associé
///
/// - [`Instance`](Self::Instance) : Le type d'instance créée par ce modèle
///
/// # Méthodes
///
/// - [`create_instance`](Self::create_instance) : Crée une nouvelle instance
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpObject
///     └─> UpnpModel
/// ```
///
/// # Relation avec UpnpInstance
///
/// `UpnpModel` et [`UpnpInstance`] sont liés via leurs types associés :
/// - Le modèle spécifie quel type d'instance il crée
/// - L'instance spécifie de quel type de modèle elle provient
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// struct DeviceModel { /* ... */ }
/// struct DeviceInstance { /* ... */ }
///
/// impl UpnpModel for DeviceModel {
///     type Instance = DeviceInstance;
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpInstance for DeviceInstance {
///     type Model = DeviceModel;
///     
///     fn new(model: &DeviceModel) -> Self {
///         // Création de l'instance depuis le modèle
///     }
/// }
///
/// // Utilisation
/// let model = DeviceModel::new();
/// let instance = model.create_instance(); // Arc<DeviceInstance>
/// ```
pub trait UpnpModel: UpnpObject {
    /// Le type d'instance créée par ce modèle.
    type Instance: UpnpInstance<Model = Self>;
    
    /// Crée une nouvelle instance à partir de ce modèle.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Un `Arc` contenant la nouvelle instance créée.
    ///
    /// # Implémentation par défaut
    ///
    /// Par défaut, appelle [`UpnpInstance::new`] avec une référence vers ce modèle
    /// et encapsule le résultat dans un `Arc`.
    fn create_instance(&self) -> Arc<Self::Instance> {
        Arc::new(Self::Instance::new(self))
    }
}

/// Trait pour les instances UPnP concrètes.
///
/// Une instance représente une occurrence concrète d'un objet UPnP, créée à partir
/// d'un modèle ([`UpnpModel`]).
///
/// # Type associé
///
/// - [`Model`](Self::Model) : Le type du modèle dont cette instance dérive
///
/// # Méthodes requises
///
/// - [`new`](Self::new) : Constructeur créant l'instance depuis un modèle
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpObject
///     └─> UpnpInstance
/// ```
///
/// # Relation avec UpnpModel
///
/// Voir la documentation de [`UpnpModel`] pour comprendre la relation entre
/// modèles et instances.
pub trait UpnpInstance: UpnpObject {
    /// Le type du modèle dont cette instance est dérivée.
    type Model: UpnpModel<Instance = Self>;
      
    /// Crée une nouvelle instance à partir d'un modèle.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `model` - Référence vers le modèle à partir duquel créer l'instance
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une nouvelle instance initialisée depuis le modèle.
    fn new(model: &Self::Model) -> Self;
    
    /// Indique que cet objet est une instance.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Toujours `true` pour les instances.
    fn is_instance(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

/// Trait pour les objets UPnP typés.
///
/// Ajoute les informations de type et de nom aux objets UPnP.
///
/// # Méthodes requises
///
/// - [`as_upnp_object_type`](Self::as_upnp_object_type) : Accès au type de l'objet
///
/// # Méthodes fournies
///
/// - [`get_name`](Self::get_name) : Récupère le nom de l'objet
/// - [`get_object_type`](Self::get_object_type) : Récupère le type de l'objet
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpObject
///     └─> UpnpTyped
/// ```
pub trait UpnpTyped: UpnpObject {
    /// Retourne une référence vers le type de l'objet.
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType;

    /// Retourne le nom de l'objet.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une référence vers le nom de l'objet.
    fn get_name(&self) -> &String {
        &self.as_upnp_object_type().name
    }

    /// Retourne le type de l'objet sous forme de chaîne.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une référence vers le type de l'objet (ex: "Device", "Service", etc.).
    fn get_object_type(&self) -> &String {
        &self.as_upnp_object_type().object_type
    }
}

/// Trait marqueur pour les objets UPnP typés.
///
/// Combine [`UpnpObject`] et [`UpnpTyped`] pour créer un objet avec toutes
/// les fonctionnalités de base plus les informations de type.
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpObject + UpnpTyped
///     └─> UpnpTypedObject
/// ```
///
/// # Note
///
/// C'est un *marker trait* (trait marqueur) sans méthodes supplémentaires.
pub trait UpnpTypedObject: UpnpObject + UpnpTyped {}

/// Trait marqueur pour les instances typées UPnP.
///
/// Combine [`UpnpTypedObject`] et [`UpnpInstance`] pour représenter une instance
/// concrète d'un objet typé avec toutes les fonctionnalités :
/// - Sérialisation XML/Markdown (de [`UpnpObject`])
/// - Informations de type et nom (de [`UpnpTyped`])
/// - Relation avec un modèle (de [`UpnpInstance`])
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpTypedObject + UpnpInstance
///     └─> UpnpTypedInstance
/// ```
///
/// # Note
///
/// Ce trait ajoute la méthode [`get_model`](Self::get_model) pour accéder
/// au modèle de l'instance. Les collections d'instances ([`UpnInstanceSet`])
/// n'ont pas cette méthode car elles contiennent plusieurs instances.
pub trait UpnpTypedInstance: UpnpTypedObject + UpnpInstance 
where
    Self::Model: UpnpModel<Instance = Self>
{
    /// Retourne une référence vers le modèle dont cette instance est dérivée.
    ///
    /// Permet d'accéder aux métadonnées et contraintes définies dans le modèle,
    /// telles que les plages de valeurs autorisées, les types, les descriptions, etc.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Une référence immuable vers le modèle.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```ignore
    /// let instance = model.create_instance();
    /// 
    /// // Accéder aux propriétés du modèle depuis l'instance
    /// let model_ref = instance.get_model();
    /// println!("Instance du modèle: {}", model_ref.get_name());
    /// 
    /// // Vérifier les contraintes définies dans le modèle
    /// if let Some(range) = model_ref.get_range() {
    ///     println!("Plage autorisée: {:?}", range);
    /// }
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Use cases
    ///
    /// Cette méthode est particulièrement utile pour :
    /// - Valider des valeurs contre les contraintes du modèle
    /// - Accéder aux métadonnées sans dupliquer les informations
    /// - Afficher des informations de type ou de description
    /// - Implémenter des logiques conditionnelles basées sur le modèle
    ///
    /// # Différence avec les traits spécifiques
    ///
    /// Pour les variables d'état, le trait [`UpnpVariable`](crate::state_variables::UpnpVariable)
    /// fournit également `get_definition()` qui est sémantiquement équivalent
    /// mais spécifique au domaine des variables.
    fn get_model(&self) -> &Self::Model;
}


/// Trait marqueur pour les collections UPnP.
///
/// Représente un ensemble (set) d'objets UPnP.
///
/// # Super-traits requis
///
/// - [`UpnpObject`] : Fonctionnalités de base (XML, etc.)
/// - [`UpnpDeepClone`] : Permet le clonage profond des collections
///
/// # Implémentation
///
/// Ce trait surcharge [`UpnpObject::is_set`] pour retourner `true`.
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpObject + UpnpDeepClone
///     └─> UpnpSet
/// ```
///
/// # Note sur le clonage
///
/// Les collections UPnP contiennent généralement des `Arc<T>` vers leurs éléments.
/// Le trait [`Clone`] (via `UpnpObject`) effectue un clonage shallow des `Arc`,
/// tandis que [`UpnpDeepClone`] clone profondément les éléments contenus.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// struct ServiceSet {
///     services: HashMap<String, Arc<Service>>,
/// }
///
/// impl Clone for ServiceSet {
///     fn clone(&self) -> Self {
///         // Clone shallow : partage les Services via Arc
///         Self {
///             services: self.services.clone()
///         }
///     }
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpDeepClone for ServiceSet {
///     fn deep_clone(&self) -> Self {
///         // Clone profond : crée de nouveaux Services
///         let deep_services = self.services
///             .iter()
///             .map(|(k, v)| (k.clone(), Arc::new((**v).clone())))
///             .collect();
///         
///         Self {
///             services: deep_services
///         }
///     }
/// }
/// ```
pub trait UpnpSet: UpnpObject + UpnpDeepClone {
    /// Indique que cet objet est une collection.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Toujours `true` pour les collections.
    fn is_set(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

/// Trait marqueur pour les collections de modèles UPnP.
///
/// Combine [`UpnpSet`] et [`UpnpModel`] pour représenter une collection
/// de modèles qui peut elle-même créer une collection d'instances.
///
/// # Cas d'usage
///
/// Ce trait est utilisé quand une collection de modèles doit pouvoir instancier
/// une collection d'instances correspondante. Par exemple :
/// - Un ensemble de modèles de services d'un device qui crée un ensemble d'instances de services
/// - Une liste de modèles d'actions qui instancie une liste d'actions actives
/// - Une collection de modèles de variables d'état qui génère une collection d'instances
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpSet + UpnpModel
///     └─> UpnpModelSet
/// ```
///
/// # Relation avec d'autres traits
///
/// - [`UpnpSet`] : Fournit les fonctionnalités de collection
/// - [`UpnpModel`] : Fournit la capacité de créer des instances
/// - [`UpnInstanceSet`] : Représente les collections d'instances (contrepartie)
///
/// # Note
///
/// C'est un *marker trait* (trait marqueur) sans méthodes supplémentaires.
/// Il est automatiquement implémenté pour tous les types éligibles via une
/// blanket implementation.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```ignore
/// /// Collection de modèles de services
/// struct ServiceSetModel {
///     services: Vec<Arc<ServiceModel>>,
/// }
///
/// /// Collection d'instances de services
/// struct ServiceSetInstance {
///     model: Arc<ServiceSetModel>,
///     service_instances: Vec<Arc<ServiceInstance>>,
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpObject for ServiceSetModel { /* ... */ }
/// impl UpnpSet for ServiceSetModel {}
///
/// impl UpnpModel for ServiceSetModel {
///     type Instance = ServiceSetInstance;
///     
///     fn create_instance(&self) -> Arc<ServiceSetInstance> {
///         // Créer des instances pour chaque service
///         let instances = self.services
///             .iter()
///             .map(|model| model.create_instance())
///             .collect();
///         
///         Arc::new(ServiceSetInstance {
///             model: Arc::new(self.clone()),
///             service_instances: instances,
///         })
///     }
/// }
///
/// // UpnpModelSet est automatiquement implémenté !
///
/// // Utilisation
/// let model_set = ServiceSetModel::new();
/// let instance_set = model_set.create_instance(); // Crée toutes les instances
/// ```
pub trait UpnpModelSet: UpnpSet + UpnpModel {}


/// Trait marqueur pour les collections d'instances UPnP.
///
/// Combine [`UpnpSet`] et [`UpnpInstance`] pour représenter une collection
/// d'instances UPnP. Cela permet d'avoir des collections qui sont elles-mêmes
/// des instances créées depuis un modèle.
///
/// # Hiérarchie
///
/// ```text
/// UpnpSet + UpnpInstance
///     └─> UpnInstanceSet
/// ```
///
/// # Note
///
/// C'est un *marker trait* (trait marqueur) sans méthodes supplémentaires.
pub trait UpnInstanceSet: UpnpSet + UpnpInstance {}


/// Implémentation automatique de [`UpnInstanceSet`] pour tous les types éligibles.
///
/// Cette *blanket implementation* fournit automatiquement le trait [`UpnInstanceSet`]
/// à tout type `T` qui implémente à la fois [`UpnpSet`] et [`UpnpInstance`].
///
/// # Contraintes
///
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpSet`] (collection d'objets UPnP)
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpInstance`] (instance créée depuis un modèle)
///
/// # Pourquoi cette implémentation existe
///
/// Certaines collections UPnP sont elles-mêmes des instances (par exemple, une
/// collection de services pour un device spécifique). Ce trait marker permet
/// d'identifier ces collections qui combinent les deux aspects. La blanket
/// implementation évite d'avoir à l'implémenter manuellement pour chaque type.
///
/// # Utilisation
///
/// ```ignore
/// struct ServiceSetInstance {
///     model: Arc<ServiceSetModel>,
///     services: Vec<Arc<ServiceInstance>>,
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpObject for ServiceSetInstance { /* ... */ }
/// impl UpnpSet for ServiceSetInstance {}
/// impl UpnpInstance for ServiceSetInstance {
///     type Model = ServiceSetModel;
///     fn new(model: &ServiceSetModel) -> Self { /* ... */ }
/// }
///
/// // UpnInstanceSet est automatiquement implémenté !
///
/// fn process_instance_set<T: UpnInstanceSet>(set: &T) {
///     if set.is_set() && set.is_instance() {
///         println!("C'est une collection ET une instance");
///     }
/// }
/// ```
impl<T> UpnInstanceSet for T 
where
    T: UpnpSet + UpnpInstance
{}

/// Implémentation automatique de [`UpnpTypedObject`] pour tous les types éligibles.
///
/// Cette *blanket implementation* fournit automatiquement le trait [`UpnpTypedObject`]
/// à tout type `T` qui implémente à la fois [`UpnpObject`] et [`UpnpTyped`].
///
/// # Contraintes
///
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpObject`] (fonctionnalités de base UPnP)
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpTyped`] (informations de type et nom)
///
/// # Utilisation
///
/// ```ignore
/// struct Device {
///     object_type: UpnpObjectType,
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpObject for Device { /* ... */ }
/// impl UpnpTyped for Device { /* ... */ }
///
/// // UpnpTypedObject est automatiquement implémenté !
/// fn process<T: UpnpTypedObject>(obj: &T) {
///     println!("{}", obj.get_name());
/// }
/// ```
impl<T> UpnpTypedObject for T 
where
    T: UpnpObject + UpnpTyped
{}


/// Implémentation automatique de [`UpnpModelSet`] pour tous les types éligibles.
///
/// Cette *blanket implementation* fournit automatiquement le trait [`UpnpModelSet`]
/// à tout type `T` qui implémente à la fois [`UpnpSet`] et [`UpnpModel`].
///
/// # Contraintes
///
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpSet`] (collection d'objets UPnP)
/// - `T` doit implémenter [`UpnpModel`] (peut créer des instances)
///
/// # Pourquoi cette implémentation existe
///
/// [`UpnpModelSet`] est un *marker trait* qui identifie les collections pouvant
/// créer des collections d'instances. Plutôt que de demander aux développeurs
/// d'écrire manuellement `impl UpnpModelSet for MyType {}`, cette blanket
/// implementation le fait automatiquement dès que les traits requis sont implémentés.
///
/// # Fonctionnement
///
/// Lorsque vous définissez une collection de modèles :
///
/// ```ignore
/// struct ActionSetModel {
///     actions: Vec<Arc<ActionModel>>,
/// }
///
/// impl UpnpObject for ActionSetModel { /* ... */ }
/// impl UpnpSet for ActionSetModel {}
///
/// impl UpnpModel for ActionSetModel {
///     type Instance = ActionSetInstance;
///     fn create_instance(&self) -> Arc<ActionSetInstance> { /* ... */ }
/// }
/// ```
///
/// Le compilateur Rust vérifie automatiquement que `ActionSetModel` satisfait
/// toutes les contraintes (implémente `UpnpSet` ET `UpnpModel`) et applique
/// donc `UpnpModelSet` sans code supplémentaire.
///
/// # Utilisation dans des signatures génériques
///
/// ```ignore
/// fn process_model_set<T: UpnpModelSet>(set: &T) {
///     println!("Processing model set that can create instances");
///     let instance = set.create_instance();
///     // ...
/// }
/// ```
///
/// # Différence avec UpnInstanceSet
///
/// - [`UpnpModelSet`] : Collection de **modèles** (peut créer des instances)
/// - [`UpnInstanceSet`] : Collection d'**instances** (créée depuis un modèle)
impl<T> UpnpModelSet for T 
where
    T: UpnpSet + UpnpModel
{}

```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/services/service_instance.rs`

```rust
//! Implémentation de ServiceInstance.

use std::{
    collections::HashMap,
    sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock},
    time::Duration,
};
use axum::{
    extract::{Request, State},
    http::{HeaderMap, StatusCode},
    response::{IntoResponse, Response},
    body::Body,
};
use tokio::time;
use tracing::{info, warn, error};
use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode, EmitterConfig};

use crate::{
    services::{Service, ServiceError},
    actions::{ActionInstance, ActionInstanceSet},
    state_variables::{StateVarInstance, StateVarInstanceSet, UpnpVariable},
    UpnpObject, UpnpInstance, UpnpTyped, UpnpTypedInstance, UpnpObjectType,
};

/// Méthodes HTTP pour les événements UPnP.
pub const METHOD_SUBSCRIBE: &str = "SUBSCRIBE";
pub const METHOD_UNSUBSCRIBE: &str = "UNSUBSCRIBE";

/// Instance de service UPnP.
///
/// Représente une instance concrète d'un service UPnP, attachée à un device.
/// Gère l'exécution des actions, les notifications d'événements et les abonnements.
///
/// # Fonctionnalités
///
/// - Exécution d'actions via SOAP
/// - Gestion des abonnements aux événements (SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE)
/// - Notifications automatiques des changements d'état
/// - Génération de la description SCPD
///
/// # Cycle de vie
///
/// 1. Création via [`Service::create_instance`](crate::UpnpModel::create_instance)
/// 2. Enregistrement des URLs avec [`register_urls`](Self::register_urls)
/// 3. Démarrage du notifier avec [`start_notifier`](Self::start_notifier)
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust,no_run
/// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
/// # use pmoupnp::server::Server;
/// # use std::time::Duration;
/// # #[tokio::main]
/// # async fn main() {
/// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
/// let instance = service.create_instance();
///
/// // Enregistrer les endpoints
/// let mut server = Server::new("test", "http://localhost:8080", 8080);
/// instance.register_urls(&mut server).await.unwrap();
///
/// // Démarrer les notifications
/// let _handle = instance.start_notifier(Duration::from_secs(5));
/// # }
/// ```
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct ServiceInstance {
    /// Métadonnées de l'objet
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    
    /// Référence vers le modèle
    model: Arc<Service>,
    
    /// Identifiant du service
    identifier: String,
    
    /// Device parent (optionnel)
    device: Option<Arc<DeviceStub>>,
    
    /// Variables d'état instanciées
    statevariables: StateVarInstanceSet,
    
    /// Actions instanciées
    actions: ActionInstanceSet,
    
    /// Abonnés aux événements (SID -> Callback URL)
    subscribers: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, String>>>,
    
    /// Buffer des changements en attente de notification
    changed_buffer: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, String>>>,
    
    /// Compteurs de séquence par abonné
    seqid: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, u32>>>,
}

// Stub temporaire pour DeviceInstance
// TODO: Remplacer par la vraie implémentation quand le module devices sera créé
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DeviceStub {
    name: String,
    udn: String,
}

impl DeviceStub {
    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
        &self.name
    }

    pub fn base_route(&self) -> String {
        format!("/device/{}", self.name)
    }
    
    pub fn udn(&self) -> &str {
        &self.udn
    }

    pub fn server_base_url(&self) -> String {
        "http://localhost:8080".to_string()
    }
}

impl std::fmt::Debug for ServiceInstance {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("ServiceInstance")
            .field("object", &self.object)
            .field("identifier", &self.identifier)
            .field("device", &self.device)
            .field("statevariables", &self.statevariables)
            .field("actions", &self.actions)
            .finish()
    }
}

impl UpnpTyped for ServiceInstance {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        &self.object
    }
}

impl UpnpInstance for ServiceInstance {
    type Model = Service;

    fn new(model: &Service) -> Self {
        // Phase 1 : Créer les instances de variables d'état
        let mut statevariables = StateVarInstanceSet::new();
        for v in model.variables() {
            if let Err(e) = statevariables.insert(Arc::new(StateVarInstance::new(&*v))) {
                error!("Failed to insert state variable: {:?}", e);
            }
        }

        // Phase 2 : Créer les instances d'actions avec validation
        let mut actions = ActionInstanceSet::new();
        for a in model.actions() {
            // Vérifier que toutes les variables référencées existent
            let mut missing_vars = Vec::new();
            
            for arg in a.arguments().all() {
                let related_var_name = arg.state_variable().get_name();
                if statevariables.get_by_name(related_var_name).is_none() {
                    missing_vars.push(related_var_name.to_string());
                }
            }
            
            if !missing_vars.is_empty() {
                error!(
                    "Action '{}' references missing state variables: {:?}",
                    a.get_name(),
                    missing_vars
                );
                continue;
            }
            
            // Créer l'instance d'action
            let action_instance = Arc::new(ActionInstance::new(&*a));
            
            // Phase 3 : Lier les arguments aux instances de variables
            // Note : Nécessite que ArgumentInstance ait une méthode bind_variable()
            // et que variable_instance soit dans un RwLock pour modification après création
            for arg_instance in action_instance.arguments_set().all() {
                let var_name = arg_instance.get_model().state_variable().get_name();
                if let Some(var_instance) = statevariables.get_by_name(var_name) {
                    // Appeler bind_variable() si elle existe
                    // arg_instance.bind_variable(var_instance);
                    // ⚠️ TODO: Cette ligne nécessite les modifications dans ArgumentInstance
                }
            }
            
            if let Err(e) = actions.insert(action_instance) {
                error!("Failed to insert action '{}': {:?}", a.get_name(), e);
            }
        }

        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name: model.name().to_string(),
                object_type: "ServiceInstance".to_string(),
            },
            model: Arc::new(model.clone()),
            identifier: model.identifier().to_string(),
            device: None,
            statevariables,
            actions,
            subscribers: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
            changed_buffer: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
            seqid: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
        }
    }
}

impl UpnpTypedInstance for ServiceInstance {
    fn get_model(&self) -> &Self::Model {
        &self.model
    }
}

impl UpnpObject for ServiceInstance {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("service");

        let mut service_type = Element::new("serviceType");
        service_type.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.service_type()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(service_type));

        let mut service_id = Element::new("serviceId");
        service_id.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.service_id()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(service_id));

        let mut scpd_url = Element::new("SCPDURL");
        scpd_url.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.scpd_url()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(scpd_url));

        let mut control_url = Element::new("controlURL");
        control_url.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.control_url()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(control_url));

        let mut event_sub_url = Element::new("eventSubURL");
        event_sub_url.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.event_sub_url()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(event_sub_url));

        elem
    }
}

impl ServiceInstance {
    /// Retourne l'identifiant du service.
    pub fn identifier(&self) -> &str {
        &self.identifier
    }

    /// Retourne le type de service UPnP.
    ///
    /// Format: `urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:{name}:{version}`
    pub fn service_type(&self) -> String {
        self.model.service_type()
    }

    /// Retourne l'ID de service UPnP.
    ///
    /// Format: `urn:upnp-org:serviceId:{identifier}`
    pub fn service_id(&self) -> String {
        format!("urn:upnp-org:serviceId:{}", self.identifier)
    }

    /// Retourne la route de base du service.
    pub fn base_route(&self) -> String {
        match &self.device {
            Some(device) => format!("{}/service/{}", device.base_route(), self.get_name()),
            None => format!("/service/{}", self.get_name()),
        }
    }

    /// Retourne l'URL de contrôle SOAP.
    pub fn control_url(&self) -> String {
        format!("{}/control", self.base_route())
    }

    /// Retourne l'URL de souscription aux événements.
    pub fn event_sub_url(&self) -> String {
        format!("{}/event", self.base_route())
    }

    /// Retourne l'URL de la description SCPD.
    pub fn scpd_url(&self) -> String {
        format!("{}/desc.xml", self.base_route())
    }

    /// Retourne l'USN (Unique Service Name).
    pub fn usn(&self) -> String {
        match &self.device {
            Some(device) => format!("uuid:{}::urn:{}", device.udn(), self.service_type()),
            None => format!("uuid::urn:{}", self.service_type()),
        }
    }

    /// Retourne les variables d'état.
    pub fn statevariables(&self) -> &StateVarInstanceSet {
        &self.statevariables
    }

    /// Retourne les actions.
    pub fn actions(&self) -> &ActionInstanceSet {
        &self.actions
    }

    /// Enregistre les routes UPnP dans le serveur Axum.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Retourne une erreur si l'enregistrement des routes échoue.
    pub async fn register_urls(&self, server: &mut crate::server::Server) -> Result<(), ServiceError> {
        info!(
            "✅ Service description for {}:{} available at : {}{}",
            self.device.as_ref().map(|d| d.name()).unwrap_or("unknown"),
            self.get_name(),
            self.device.as_ref().map(|d| d.server_base_url()).unwrap_or_default(),
            self.scpd_url(),
        );

        // Handler SCPD
        let instance_scpd = self.clone();
        server.add_handler(&self.scpd_url(), move || {
            let instance = instance_scpd.clone();
            async move { instance.scpd_handler().await }
        }).await;

        // Handler control
        let instance_control = self.clone();
        server.add_post_handler_with_state(
            &self.control_url(),
            control_handler,
            instance_control,
        ).await;

        // Handler événements
        let instance_event = self.clone();
        server.add_handler_with_state(
            &self.event_sub_url(),
            event_sub_handler,
            instance_event,
        ).await;

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Génère l'élément XML SCPD.
    pub fn scpd_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("scpd");
        elem.attributes.insert(
            "xmlns".to_string(),
            "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service-1-0".to_string(),
        );

        // specVersion
        let mut spec = Element::new("specVersion");
        let mut major = Element::new("major");
        major.children.push(XMLNode::Text("1".to_string()));
        spec.children.push(XMLNode::Element(major));
        
        let mut minor = Element::new("minor");
        minor.children.push(XMLNode::Text("0".to_string()));
        spec.children.push(XMLNode::Element(minor));
        
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(spec));

        // actionList
        if !self.actions.all().is_empty() {
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(
                self.actions.to_xml_element()
            ));
        }

        // serviceStateTable
        if !self.statevariables.all().is_empty() {
            elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(
                self.statevariables.to_xml_element()
            ));
        }

        elem
    }

    /// Handler pour la description SCPD.
    async fn scpd_handler(&self) -> Response {
        let elem = self.scpd_element();
        
        let config = EmitterConfig::new()
            .perform_indent(true)
            .indent_string("  ");
        
        let mut xml_output = Vec::new();
        if let Err(e) = elem.write_with_config(&mut xml_output, config) {
            error!("Failed to serialize SCPD XML: {}", e);
            return StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.into_response();
        }

        let mut xml = String::from_utf8_lossy(&xml_output).to_string();
        
        // Ajouter l'en-tête XML
        xml.insert_str(0, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n");
        
        (
            StatusCode::OK,
            [(axum::http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/xml; charset=\"utf-8\"")],
            xml,
        ).into_response()
    }

    /// Ajoute un abonné aux événements.
    pub async fn add_subscriber(&self, sid: String, callback: String) {
        let mut subscribers = self.subscribers.write().unwrap();
        subscribers.insert(sid, callback);
    }

    /// Renouvelle un abonnement.
    pub async fn renew_subscriber(&self, sid: &str, timeout: &str) {
        info!("♻️ Renewed SID {} for timeout {}", sid, timeout);
    }

    /// Supprime un abonné.
    pub async fn remove_subscriber(&self, sid: &str) {
        let mut subscribers = self.subscribers.write().unwrap();
        subscribers.remove(sid);
    }

    /// Envoie l'événement initial à un nouvel abonné.
    pub async fn send_initial_event(&self, sid: String) {
        let callback = {
            let subscribers = self.subscribers.read().unwrap();
            subscribers.get(&sid).cloned()
        };

        if let Some(callback) = callback {
            let mut changed = HashMap::new();
            for sv in self.statevariables.all() {
                if sv.is_sending_notification() {
                    changed.insert(sv.get_name().to_string(), sv.value().to_string());
                }
            }

            if changed.is_empty() {
                return;
            }

            tokio::spawn(async move {
                let callback = callback.trim().trim_matches(|c| c == '<' || c == '>');
                
                let mut body = r#"<e:propertyset xmlns:e="urn:schemas-upnp-org:event-1-0">"#.to_string();
                for (name, val) in changed {
                    body.push_str(&format!("<e:property><{0}>{1}</{0}></e:property>", name, val));
                }
                body.push_str("</e:propertyset>");

                let client = reqwest::Client::new();
                match client
                    .request(reqwest::Method::from_bytes(b"NOTIFY").unwrap(), callback)
                    .header("Content-Type", r#"text/xml; charset="utf-8"#)
                    .header("NT", "upnp:event")
                    .header("NTS", "upnp:propchange")
                    .header("SID", &sid)
                    .header("SEQ", "0")
                    .body(body)
                    .send()
                    .await
                {
                    Ok(resp) => {
                        info!("✅ Initial event sent to {}, status={}", callback, resp.status());
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
                        error!("Failed to send initial event to {}: {}", callback, e);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    /// Marque un changement à notifier.
    pub fn event_to_be_sent(&self, name: String, value: String) {
        let mut buffer = self.changed_buffer.lock().unwrap();
        buffer.insert(name, value);
    }

    /// Récupère le prochain numéro de séquence pour un abonné.
    fn next_seq(&self, sid: &str) -> String {
        let mut seqid = self.seqid.lock().unwrap();
        let counter = seqid.entry(sid.to_string()).or_insert(0);
        *counter += 1;
        counter.to_string()
    }

    /// Notifie tous les abonnés des changements.
    pub async fn notify_subscribers(&self) {
        let subscribers_copy = {
            let subscribers = self.subscribers.read().unwrap();
            if subscribers.is_empty() {
                return;
            }
            subscribers.clone()
        };

        let changed = {
            let mut buffer = self.changed_buffer.lock().unwrap();
            if buffer.is_empty() {
                return;
            }
            std::mem::take(&mut *buffer)
        };

        for (sid, callback) in subscribers_copy {
            let changed_clone = changed.clone();
            let seq = self.next_seq(&sid);
            
            tokio::spawn(async move {
                let callback = callback.trim().trim_matches(|c| c == '<' || c == '>');

                let mut body = r#"<e:propertyset xmlns:e="urn:schemas-upnp-org:event-1-0">"#.to_string();
                for (name, val) in changed_clone {
                    body.push_str(&format!("<e:property><{0}>{1}</{0}></e:property>", name, val));
                }
                body.push_str("</e:propertyset>");

                let client = reqwest::Client::new();
                match client
                    .request(reqwest::Method::from_bytes(b"NOTIFY").unwrap(), callback)
                    .header("Content-Type", r#"text/xml; charset="utf-8"#)
                    .header("NT", "upnp:event")
                    .header("NTS", "upnp:propchange")
                    .header("SID", &sid)
                    .header("SEQ", seq)
                    .body(body)
                    .send()
                    .await
                {
                    Ok(_) => {
                        info!("✅ Notified subscriber {} of changes", callback);
                    }
                    Err(e) => {
                        error!("Failed to notify subscriber {}: {}", callback, e);
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

    /// Démarre le notifier périodique.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `interval` - Intervalle entre les notifications
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Un handle vers la tâche tokio du notifier.
    pub fn start_notifier(&self, interval: Duration) -> tokio::task::JoinHandle<()> {
        let instance = self.clone();
        
        tokio::spawn(async move {
            let mut ticker = time::interval(interval);
            info!("✅ Starting notifier every {:?}", interval);

            loop {
                ticker.tick().await;
                instance.notify_subscribers().await;
            }
        })
    }
}

/// Handler Axum pour les événements (SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE).
async fn event_sub_handler(
    State(instance): State<ServiceInstance>,
    headers: HeaderMap,
    req: Request<Body>,
) -> Response {
    info!("📡 Event Subscription request for {}", instance.get_name());

    let method = req.method().as_str();
    let sid = headers.get("SID").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).unwrap_or("");
    let timeout = headers.get("Timeout").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).unwrap_or("");
    let callback = headers.get("Callback").and_then(|v| v.to_str().ok()).unwrap_or("");

    match method {
        METHOD_SUBSCRIBE => {
            let (response_sid, response_timeout) = if sid.is_empty() {
                // Nouvelle souscription
                let new_sid = format!("uuid:{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
                if !callback.is_empty() {
                    instance.add_subscriber(new_sid.clone(), callback.to_string()).await;
                }
                let timeout_val = if timeout.is_empty() {
                    "Second-1800"
                } else {
                    timeout
                };
                info!("🔒 New subscription: SID={}, Callback={}, Timeout={}", new_sid, callback, timeout_val);
                
                let sid_clone = new_sid.clone();
                let instance_clone = instance.clone();
                tokio::spawn(async move {
                    instance_clone.send_initial_event(sid_clone).await;
                });
                
                (new_sid, timeout_val.to_string())
            } else {
                // Renouvellement
                instance.renew_subscriber(sid, timeout).await;
                info!("♻️ Renew subscription: SID={}, Timeout={}", sid, timeout);
                (sid.to_string(), timeout.to_string())
            };

            (
                StatusCode::OK,
                [
                    (
                        axum::http::header::HeaderName::from_static("sid"), 
                        axum::http::HeaderValue::from_str(&response_sid).unwrap()
                    ),
                    (
                        axum::http::header::HeaderName::from_static("timeout"), 
                        axum::http::HeaderValue::from_str(&response_timeout).unwrap()
                    ),
                ],
            ).into_response()
        }
        METHOD_UNSUBSCRIBE => {
            if !sid.is_empty() {
                instance.remove_subscriber(sid).await;
                info!("❌ Unsubscribe SID={}", sid);
            }
            StatusCode::OK.into_response()
        }
        _ => {
            warn!("Unsupported EventSub method: {}", method);
            StatusCode::METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.into_response()
        }
    }
}

/// Handler Axum pour le contrôle SOAP.
async fn control_handler(
    State(instance): State<ServiceInstance>,
    body: String,
) -> Response {
    info!("📡 Control request for {}", instance.get_name());

    // TODO: Parser le SOAP et appeler l'action correspondante
    
    let response_xml = format!(
        r#"<?xml version="1.0"?>
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" 
            s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
    <s:Body>
        <u:Response xmlns:u="{}">
        </u:Response>
    </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>"#,
        instance.service_type()
    );

    (
        StatusCode::OK,
        [(axum::http::header::CONTENT_TYPE, "text/xml; charset=\"utf-8\"")],
        response_xml,
    ).into_response()
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::services::Service;

    #[test]
    fn test_service_instance_creation() {
        let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        let instance = ServiceInstance::new(&service);
        
        assert_eq!(instance.get_name(), "AVTransport");
        assert_eq!(instance.identifier(), "AVTransport");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_urls() {
        let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        let instance = ServiceInstance::new(&service);
        
        assert_eq!(instance.base_route(), "/service/AVTransport");
        assert_eq!(instance.control_url(), "/service/AVTransport/control");
        assert_eq!(instance.event_sub_url(), "/service/AVTransport/event");
        assert_eq!(instance.scpd_url(), "/service/AVTransport/desc.xml");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_type() {
        let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        service.set_version(2).unwrap();
        let instance = ServiceInstance::new(&service);
        
        assert_eq!(
            instance.service_type(),
            "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:AVTransport:2"
        );
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/services/mod.rs`

```rust
//! # Module Services - Gestion des services UPnP
//!
//! Ce module implémente les services UPnP selon la spécification UPnP Device Architecture.
//! Un service UPnP contient des actions (méthodes appelables) et des variables d'état
//! (propriétés observables).
//!
//! ## Architecture
//!
//! - [`Service`] : Modèle définissant la structure d'un service
//! - [`ServiceInstance`] : Instance concrète d'un service attachée à un device
//!
//! ## Fonctionnalités
//!
//! - ✅ Actions UPnP avec arguments typés
//! - ✅ Variables d'état avec notifications d'événements
//! - ✅ Génération SCPD (Service Control Protocol Description)
//! - ✅ Endpoints SOAP pour le contrôle
//! - ✅ Gestion des abonnements aux événements (SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE)
//! - ✅ Notifications automatiques des changements d'état
//!
//! ## Examples
//!
//! ```rust
//! use pmoupnp::services::Service;
//! use pmoupnp::state_variables::StateVariable;
//! use pmoupnp::variable_types::StateVarType;
//! use std::sync::Arc;
//!
//! // Créer un service
//! let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
//! service.set_version(1).unwrap();
//!
//! // Ajouter une variable d'état
//! let transport_state = Arc::new(
//!     StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportState".to_string())
//! );
//! service.add_variable(transport_state);
//!
//! // Créer une instance
//! let instance = service.create_instance();
//! ```

mod errors;
mod service_methods;
mod service_instance;

use std::sync::Arc;

pub use errors::ServiceError;
pub use service_instance::ServiceInstance;

use crate::{
    actions::ActionSet,
    state_variables::StateVariableSet,
    UpnpObjectType,
};

/// Service UPnP (modèle).
///
/// Représente la définition d'un service UPnP avec ses actions et variables d'état.
/// Un service est attaché à un device et expose des fonctionnalités via SOAP.
///
/// # Structure
///
/// Un service UPnP contient :
/// - Un identifiant unique (`identifier`)
/// - Une version (ex: 1, 2, 3...)
/// - Un ensemble d'actions ([`ActionSet`])
/// - Une table de variables d'état ([`StateVariableSet`])
///
/// # Cycle de vie
///
/// 1. Création avec [`Service::new`]
/// 2. Configuration (ajout d'actions et variables)
/// 3. Instanciation avec [`create_instance`](crate::UpnpModel::create_instance)
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
/// # use pmoupnp::state_variables::StateVariable;
/// # use pmoupnp::variable_types::StateVarType;
/// # use std::sync::Arc;
/// let mut service = Service::new("ContentDirectory".to_string());
/// service.set_identifier("urn:upnp-org:serviceId:ContentDirectory".to_string());
/// service.set_version(1).unwrap();
///
/// // Ajouter une variable d'état
/// let search_caps = Arc::new(
///     StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "SearchCapabilities".to_string())
/// );
/// service.add_variable(search_caps);
/// ```
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Service {
    /// Métadonnées de l'objet UPnP
    object: UpnpObjectType,
    
    /// Identifiant du service (ex: "urn:upnp-org:serviceId:AVTransport")
    identifier: String,
    
    /// Version du service (>= 1)
    version: u32,
    
    /// Actions disponibles dans ce service
    actions: ActionSet,
    
    /// Variables d'état du service
    state_table: StateVariableSet,
}

impl Service {
    /// Crée un nouveau service UPnP.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `name` - Nom du service (ex: "AVTransport", "RenderingControl")
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// Un nouveau service avec :
    /// - Identifiant initialisé au nom
    /// - Version 1 par défaut
    /// - Collections vides d'actions et de variables
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(service.name(), "AVTransport");
    /// assert_eq!(service.version(), 1);
    /// ```
    pub fn new(name: String) -> Self {
        Self {
            object: UpnpObjectType {
                name: name.clone(),
                object_type: "Service".to_string(),
            },
            identifier: name,
            version: 1,
            state_table: StateVariableSet::new(),
            actions: ActionSet::new(),
        }
    }

    /// Retourne le nom du service.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(service.name(), "AVTransport");
    /// ```
    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
        &self.object.name
    }

    /// Retourne le type d'objet.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(service.type_id(), "Service");
    /// ```
    pub fn type_id(&self) -> &str {
        &self.object.object_type
    }

    /// Retourne l'identifiant du service.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// service.set_identifier("urn:upnp-org:serviceId:AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(service.identifier(), "urn:upnp-org:serviceId:AVTransport");
    /// ```
    pub fn identifier(&self) -> &str {
        &self.identifier
    }

    /// Définit l'identifiant du service.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `id` - Nouvel identifiant (typiquement un URN UPnP)
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// service.set_identifier("urn:upnp-org:serviceId:AVTransport".to_string());
    /// ```
    pub fn set_identifier(&mut self, id: String) {
        self.identifier = id;
    }

    /// Retourne la version du service.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(service.version(), 1);
    /// ```
    pub fn version(&self) -> u32 {
        self.version
    }

    /// Définit la version du service.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `version` - Numéro de version (doit être >= 1)
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Retourne une erreur si la version est < 1.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert!(service.set_version(2).is_ok());
    /// assert!(service.set_version(0).is_err());
    /// ```
    pub fn set_version(&mut self, version: u32) -> Result<(), ServiceError> {
        if version < 1 {
            return Err(ServiceError::ValidationError(
                "Version must be >= 1".to_string()
            ));
        }
        self.version = version;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Ajoute une variable d'état au service.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `sv` - Variable d'état à ajouter
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Retourne une erreur si une variable avec le même nom existe déjà.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// # use pmoupnp::state_variables::StateVariable;
    /// # use pmoupnp::variable_types::StateVarType;
    /// # use std::sync::Arc;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// let var = Arc::new(
    ///     StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportState".to_string())
    /// );
    /// service.add_variable(var).unwrap();
    /// ```
    pub fn add_variable(&mut self, sv: Arc<crate::state_variables::StateVariable>) 
        -> Result<(), ServiceError> 
    {
        self.state_table
            .insert(sv)
            .map_err(|e| ServiceError::SetError(format!("Failed to add variable: {:?}", e)))
    }

    /// Vérifie si une variable d'état existe dans le service.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `sv` - Variable à rechercher
    ///
    /// # Returns
    ///
    /// `true` si la variable existe, `false` sinon.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// # use pmoupnp::state_variables::StateVariable;
    /// # use pmoupnp::variable_types::StateVarType;
    /// # use std::sync::Arc;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// let var = Arc::new(
    ///     StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportState".to_string())
    /// );
    /// service.add_variable(var.clone()).unwrap();
    /// assert!(service.contains_variable(var));
    /// ```
    pub fn contains_variable(&self, sv: Arc<crate::state_variables::StateVariable>) -> bool {
        self.state_table.contains(sv)
    }

    /// Retourne toutes les variables d'état du service.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// for var in service.variables() {
    ///     println!("Variable: {}", var.get_name());
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn variables(&self) -> Vec<Arc<crate::state_variables::StateVariable>> {
        self.state_table.all()
    }

    /// Ajoute une action au service.
    ///
    /// # Arguments
    ///
    /// * `action` - Action à ajouter
    ///
    /// # Errors
    ///
    /// Retourne une erreur si une action avec le même nom existe déjà.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// # use pmoupnp::actions::Action;
    /// # use std::sync::Arc;
    /// let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// let action = Arc::new(Action::new("Play".to_string()));
    /// service.add_action(action).unwrap();
    /// ```
    pub fn add_action(&mut self, action: Arc<crate::actions::Action>) 
        -> Result<(), ServiceError> 
    {
        self.actions
            .insert(action)
            .map_err(|e| ServiceError::SetError(format!("Failed to add action: {:?}", e)))
    }

    /// Retourne toutes les actions du service.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// for action in service.actions() {
    ///     println!("Action: {}", action.get_name());
    /// }
    /// ```
    pub fn actions(&self) -> Vec<Arc<crate::actions::Action>> {
        self.actions.all()
    }

    /// Retourne le type de service UPnP.
    ///
    /// Format: `urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:{name}:{version}`
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// # use pmoupnp::services::Service;
    /// let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
    /// assert_eq!(
    ///     service.service_type(),
    ///     "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:AVTransport:1"
    /// );
    /// ```
    pub fn service_type(&self) -> String {
        format!("urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:{}:{}", self.name(), self.version)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::state_variables::StateVariable;
    use crate::variable_types::StateVarType;
    use crate::actions::Action;

    #[test]
    fn test_service_new() {
        let service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        assert_eq!(service.name(), "AVTransport");
        assert_eq!(service.type_id(), "Service");
        assert_eq!(service.version(), 1);
        assert_eq!(service.identifier(), "AVTransport");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_set_version() {
        let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        assert!(service.set_version(2).is_ok());
        assert_eq!(service.version(), 2);
        
        // Version 0 devrait échouer
        assert!(service.set_version(0).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_add_variable() {
        let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        let var = Arc::new(
            StateVariable::new(StateVarType::String, "TransportState".to_string())
        );
        
        assert!(service.add_variable(var.clone()).is_ok());
        assert!(service.contains_variable(var));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_add_action() {
        let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        let action = Arc::new(Action::new("Play".to_string()));
        
        assert!(service.add_action(action).is_ok());
        assert_eq!(service.actions().len(), 1);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_service_type() {
        let mut service = Service::new("AVTransport".to_string());
        service.set_version(2).unwrap();
        
        assert_eq!(
            service.service_type(),
            "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:AVTransport:2"
        );
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/services/errors.rs`

```rust
//! Erreurs du module services.

use thiserror::Error;

/// Erreurs liées aux services UPnP.
///
/// Cette énumération couvre toutes les erreurs possibles lors de la manipulation
/// de services UPnP, incluant les erreurs de validation, de configuration et d'exécution.
#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum ServiceError {
    /// Erreur générale du service.
    #[error("Service error: {0}")]
    GeneralError(String),
    
    /// Erreur de validation (paramètres invalides).
    #[error("Validation error: {0}")]
    ValidationError(String),
    
    /// Erreur lors d'une opération sur un ensemble (Set).
    #[error("Set operation error: {0}")]
    SetError(String),
    
    /// Erreur liée à une action.
    #[error("Action error: {0}")]
    ActionError(String),
    
    /// Erreur liée à une variable d'état.
    #[error("State variable error: {0}")]
    StateVariableError(String),
    
    /// Erreur de configuration.
    #[error("Configuration error: {0}")]
    ConfigError(String),
    
    /// Erreur réseau ou HTTP.
    #[error("Network error: {0}")]
    NetworkError(String),
    
    /// Erreur de sérialisation XML.
    #[error("XML serialization error: {0}")]
    XmlError(String),
    
    /// Erreur lors du traitement SOAP.
    #[error("SOAP error: {0}")]
    SoapError(String),
}

impl From<std::io::Error> for ServiceError {
    fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
        ServiceError::GeneralError(format!("IO error: {}", err))
    }
}

impl From<crate::UpnpObjectSetError> for ServiceError {
    fn from(err: crate::UpnpObjectSetError) -> Self {
        match err {
            crate::UpnpObjectSetError::AlreadyExists(name) => {
                ServiceError::SetError(format!("Object already exists: {}", name))
            }
        }
    }
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/services/service_methods.rs`

```rust
//! Implémentation des traits UPnP pour Service.

use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

use crate::{
    services::{Service, ServiceInstance},
    UpnpObject, UpnpModel, UpnpTyped, UpnpObjectType,
};

impl UpnpTyped for Service {
    fn as_upnp_object_type(&self) -> &UpnpObjectType {
        &self.object
    }
}

impl UpnpObject for Service {
    fn to_xml_element(&self) -> Element {
        let mut elem = Element::new("service");

        // serviceType
        let mut service_type = Element::new("serviceType");
        service_type.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.service_type()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(service_type));

        // serviceId
        let mut service_id = Element::new("serviceId");
        service_id.children.push(XMLNode::Text(self.identifier().to_string()));
        elem.children.push(XMLNode::Element(service_id));

        elem
    }
}

impl UpnpModel for Service {
    type Instance = ServiceInstance;
}```

## fichier: `pmoupnp/src/devices/mod.rs`

```rust
```

## fichier: `pmoutils/Cargo.toml`

```toml
[package]
name = "pmoutils"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2024"

[dependencies]
get_if_addrs = "0.5.3"```

## fichier: `pmoutils/src/lib.rs`

```rust
/// Utilitaires pour la gestion des adresses IP réseau.
///
/// Ce module fournit des fonctions pour détecter et lister les adresses IP
/// des interfaces réseau locales de la machine.
///
/// # Fonctions principales
///
/// - [`guess_local_ip`] : Devine l'adresse IP locale utilisée pour les connexions sortantes
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use votre_crate::guess_local_ip;
///
/// let ip = guess_local_ip();
/// println!("Adresse IP locale: {}", ip);
/// ```
mod ip_utils;

pub use ip_utils::guess_local_ip;```

## fichier: `pmoutils/src/ip_utils.rs`

```rust
use get_if_addrs::get_if_addrs;
use std::net::UdpSocket;

/// Devine l'adresse IP locale de la machine.
///
/// Cette fonction tente de déterminer l'adresse IP locale en créant une connexion UDP
/// vers un serveur DNS public (8.8.8.8). Cette technique permet d'identifier l'interface
/// réseau qui serait utilisée pour communiquer avec Internet.
///
/// # Fonctionnement
///
/// 1. Crée un socket UDP lié à `0.0.0.0:0` (n'importe quelle interface, port aléatoire)
/// 2. Tente une connexion (non effective pour UDP) vers `8.8.8.8:80`
/// 3. Récupère l'adresse IP locale du socket
/// 4. En cas d'échec à n'importe quelle étape, retourne `127.0.0.1`
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Retourne l'adresse IP locale sous forme de `String`, ou `"127.0.0.1"` en cas d'erreur.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let ip = guess_local_ip();
/// println!("IP locale détectée: {}", ip);
/// // Affiche par exemple: "IP locale détectée: 192.168.1.42"
/// ```
///
/// # Note
///
/// Cette méthode ne crée pas de véritable connexion réseau (UDP est sans connexion),
/// elle demande simplement au système d'exploitation quelle interface serait utilisée
/// pour joindre l'adresse cible.
pub fn guess_local_ip() -> String {
    match UdpSocket::bind("0.0.0.0:0") {
        Ok(socket) => {
            if socket.connect("8.8.8.8:80").is_ok() {
                if let Ok(local_addr) = socket.local_addr() {
                    return local_addr.ip().to_string();
                }
            }
            "127.0.0.1".to_string()
        }
        Err(_) => "127.0.0.1".to_string(),
    }
}

/// Liste toutes les adresses IP non-loopback des interfaces réseau.
///
/// Parcourt toutes les interfaces réseau de la machine et collecte leurs adresses IPv4,
/// en excluant les adresses de loopback (127.0.0.1).
///
/// # Returns
///
/// Retourne une `HashMap` où :
/// - **Clé** : nom de l'interface réseau (ex: `"eth0"`, `"wlan0"`, `"en0"`)
/// - **Valeur** : vecteur des adresses IP (format String) associées à cette interface
///
/// En cas d'erreur lors de la récupération des interfaces, retourne une HashMap
/// contenant une entrée `"error"` avec un message d'erreur.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// let ips = list_all_ips();
/// for (interface, addresses) in ips {
///     println!("Interface {}: {:?}", interface, addresses);
/// }
/// // Affiche par exemple:
/// // Interface eth0: ["192.168.1.42"]
/// // Interface wlan0: ["10.0.0.15"]
/// ```
///
/// # Note
///
/// - Seules les adresses IPv4 sont retournées
/// - Les adresses de loopback (127.x.x.x) sont filtrées
/// - Les adresses IPv6 sont ignorées
pub fn list_all_ips() -> std::collections::HashMap<String, Vec<String>> {
    let mut result = std::collections::HashMap::new();

    if let Ok(interfaces) = get_if_addrs() {
        for iface in interfaces {
            let ip = iface.ip();
            if ip.is_loopback() {
                continue;
            }
            if ip.is_ipv4() {
                result
                    .entry(iface.name)
                    .or_insert_with(Vec::new)
                    .push(ip.to_string());
            }
        }
    } else {
        result.insert(
            "error".to_string(),
            vec!["Failed to get interfaces".to_string()],
        );
    }

    result
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use std::net::IpAddr;

    #[test]
    fn test_guess_local_ip_returns_valid_ip() {
        let ip = guess_local_ip();
        
        // Vérifie que le résultat est parsable comme une IP
        assert!(ip.parse::<IpAddr>().is_ok(), "Should return a valid IP address");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_guess_local_ip_not_empty() {
        let ip = guess_local_ip();
        
        assert!(!ip.is_empty(), "IP should not be empty");
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_guess_local_ip_is_ipv4() {
        let ip = guess_local_ip();
        
        if let Ok(parsed_ip) = ip.parse::<IpAddr>() {
            assert!(parsed_ip.is_ipv4(), "Should return an IPv4 address");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_guess_local_ip_fallback_is_localhost() {
        // Ce test vérifie que si aucune IP n'est trouvée, on retourne 127.0.0.1
        // (difficile à tester sans mocker, mais on vérifie la cohérence)
        let ip = guess_local_ip();
        let parsed = ip.parse::<IpAddr>().unwrap();
        
        // L'IP doit être soit locale (127.0.0.1) soit une IP privée valide
        assert!(
            parsed.is_loopback() || is_private_ip(&ip),
            "IP should be either loopback or private"
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_list_all_ips_no_loopback() {
        let ips = list_all_ips();
        
        // Vérifie qu'aucune adresse de loopback n'est présente
        for (_, addresses) in ips.iter() {
            for addr in addresses {
                if let Ok(parsed_ip) = addr.parse::<IpAddr>() {
                    assert!(
                        !parsed_ip.is_loopback(),
                        "Loopback addresses should be filtered out"
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_list_all_ips_only_ipv4() {
        let ips = list_all_ips();
        
        // Vérifie que seules des adresses IPv4 sont retournées
        for (iface_name, addresses) in ips.iter() {
            if iface_name == "error" {
                continue; // Skip error entries
            }
            
            for addr in addresses {
                if let Ok(parsed_ip) = addr.parse::<IpAddr>() {
                    assert!(
                        parsed_ip.is_ipv4(),
                        "Only IPv4 addresses should be returned"
                    );
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_list_all_ips_valid_format() {
        let ips = list_all_ips();
        
        // Vérifie que toutes les IPs sont dans un format valide
        for (iface_name, addresses) in ips.iter() {
            if iface_name == "error" {
                continue;
            }
            
            for addr in addresses {
                assert!(
                    addr.parse::<IpAddr>().is_ok(),
                    "Each IP should be in valid format: {}",
                    addr
                );
            }
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_list_all_ips_interface_names_not_empty() {
        let ips = list_all_ips();
        
        // Vérifie que les noms d'interface ne sont pas vides
        for (iface_name, _) in ips.iter() {
            assert!(!iface_name.is_empty(), "Interface names should not be empty");
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_list_all_ips_no_duplicate_ips_per_interface() {
        let ips = list_all_ips();
        
        // Vérifie qu'il n'y a pas de doublons par interface
        for (iface_name, addresses) in ips.iter() {
            if iface_name == "error" {
                continue;
            }
            
            let unique_addresses: std::collections::HashSet<_> = addresses.iter().collect();
            assert_eq!(
                addresses.len(),
                unique_addresses.len(),
                "No duplicate IPs should exist for interface {}",
                iface_name
            );
        }
    }

    // Fonction helper pour les tests
    fn is_private_ip(ip_str: &str) -> bool {
        if let Ok(ip) = ip_str.parse::<IpAddr>() {
            match ip {
                IpAddr::V4(ipv4) => {
                    let octets = ipv4.octets();
                    // Plages privées: 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16
                    octets[0] == 10
                        || (octets[0] == 172 && octets[1] >= 16 && octets[1] <= 31)
                        || (octets[0] == 192 && octets[1] == 168)
                }
                IpAddr::V6(_) => false,
            }
        } else {
            false
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_helper_is_private_ip() {
        // Tests pour la fonction helper
        assert!(is_private_ip("10.0.0.1"));
        assert!(is_private_ip("172.16.0.1"));
        assert!(is_private_ip("192.168.1.1"));
        assert!(!is_private_ip("8.8.8.8"));
        assert!(!is_private_ip("127.0.0.1")); // loopback n'est pas "privé" au sens réseau local
    }
}```