Actualiser version.txt

Merge pull request 'Refactoring complet de PMO contrôle.' (#37 ) from push-wkzrllnusrys into main
Reviewed-on: #37
2026-01-04 00:08:21 +01:00 · 2026-01-04 00:07:42 +01:00 · 2026-01-03 23:59:45 +01:00 · 2026-01-03 08:00:08 +01:00 · 2025-12-30 16:49:29 +01:00 · 2025-12-30 16:49:29 +01:00
152 changed files with 13051 additions and 11418 deletions
--- a/.claude-env
+++ b/.claude-env
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Configuration PATH pour Claude Code
+# Ce fichier sera lu automatiquement pour configurer l'environnement
+export PATH="/Users/coissac/mamba/condabin:/opt/homebrew/lib/ruby/gems/3.4.0/bin:/opt/homebrew/opt/ruby/bin:/Users/coissac/go/bin:/Users/coissac/.cargo/bin:/Users/coissac/.modular/pkg/packages.modular.com_mojo/bin:/Applications/quarto/bin:/Users/coissac/.vscode-oss/extensions/vadimcn.vscode-lldb-1.12.0/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.12/bin:/opt/homebrew/bin:/opt/homebrew/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/System/Cryptexes/App/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/local/bin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/bin:/var/run/com.apple.security.cryptexd/codex.system/bootstrap/usr/appleinternal/bin:/opt/pmk/env/global/bin:/opt/X11/bin:/usr/local/dorado/dorado-0.9.5-osx-arm64/bin:/usr/local/go/bin:/usr/local/src/last-main/bin:/Users/coissac/travail/__MOI__/GO/obitools4/build:/opt/podman/bin:/Applications/quarto/bin:/Users/coissac/.cargo/bin:/Users/coissac/.vscode-oss/extensions/vadimcn.vscode-lldb-1.12.0/bin:/Users/coissac/.vscode-oss/extensions/ms-python.debugpy-2025.14.1-darwin-arm64/bundled/scripts/noConfigScripts:/Users/coissac/.orbstack/bin"
--- a/.claude/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/.claude/CLAUDE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# PMOMusic Project Configuration
+
+## Version Control
+Ce projet utilise **Jujutsu (jj)** pour le contrôle de version, PAS git.
+- Utiliser les commandes `jj` au lieu des commandes `git`
+- Bookmark principal : `main`
+- Ne jamais suggérer de commandes git
+
+## Environnement
+Le PATH et les variables d'environnement sont configurés dans `.claude-env` à la racine du projet.
+
+## Configuration de l'application
+- Fichier de configuration principal : `.pmomusic/config.yaml`
+- Configuration UPNP personnalisable pour différencier les instances en développement
+
+## Développement
+Pendant le développement, plusieurs serveurs PMOMusic peuvent tourner en parallèle. Utiliser la configuration UPNP dans `.pmomusic/config.yaml` pour différencier les instances :
+
+```yaml
+host:
+  upnp:
+    manufacturer: "PMOMusic-Dev1"
+    udn_prefix: "pmomusic-dev1"
+    model_name_prefix: "PMOMusic-Dev1"
+    friendly_name_prefix: "PMOMusic-Dev1"
+```
+
+## Architecture
+- Projet Rust multi-crates avec workspaces
+- Crates principales : pmoupnp, pmomediaserver, pmomediarenderer, pmoconfig
+- Pattern d'extension de configuration via traits (voir pmocache/src/config_ext.rs)
--- a/.vscode/settings.json
+++ b/.vscode/settings.json
@@ -1,15 +1,37 @@
 {
-    "makefile.configureOnOpen": false,
-    "git.enabled": false,
-    "claude-code.environmentVariables": [
-        
-    ],
-    // Exclusions via VS Code
-    "files.exclude": {
-        "target": true,
-        "**/target": true,
-        "node_modules": true
-    },
-    "rust-analyzer.procMacro.enable": true,
-    "rust-analyzer.numThreads": 4
-}
+  "makefile.configureOnOpen": false,
+  "git.enabled": false,
+  "claude-code.environmentVariables": [],
+
+  // Exclusions de fichiers/dossiers inutiles pour Rust Analyzer
+  "files.exclude": {
+    "target": true,
+    "**/target": true,
+    "node_modules": true,
+    "tests/huge_benchmarks": true,
+    "examples": true,
+    "docs": true
+  },
+  // Rust Analyzer settings
+  "rust-analyzer.rustupPath": "/Users/coissac/.cargo/bin/rustup",
+  "rust-analyzer.cargoPath": "/Users/coissac/.cargo/bin/cargo",
+  "rust-analyzer.rustcSource": "discover",
+  "rust-analyzer.procMacro.enable": true,
+  "rust-analyzer.numThreads": 4,
+  "rust-analyzer.cargo.loadOutDirsFromCheck": false,
+  "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.enable": true,
+  "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.command": "check", 
+  "rust-analyzer.checkOnSave.extraArgs": ["--all-features"],
+  "rust-analyzer.exclude": [
+    "target",
+    "tests/huge_benchmarks",
+    "examples",
+    "docs"
+  ],
+  "rust-analyzer.server.extraEnv": {
+    "RA_LARGE_PROJECT": "1"
+},
+"rust-analyzer.runnables.command": null,
+"rust-analyzer.server.path": null,
+"rust-analyzer.cargo.allTargets": true,
+}
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -306,6 +306,17 @@ dependencies = [
 "rustix 1.1.2",
 ]

+[[package]]
+name = "async-recursion"
+version = "1.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3b43422f69d8ff38f95f1b2bb76517c91589a924d1559a0e935d7c8ce0274c11"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.110",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "async-signal"
 version = "0.2.13"
@@ -3631,7 +3642,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "pmoflac",
 "pmometadata",
 "pmoserver",
- "quick-xml 0.37.5",
+ "quick-xml",
 "rusqlite",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
@@ -3710,7 +3721,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "pmodidl",
 "pmoserver",
 "pmoupnp",
- "quick-xml 0.38.4",
+ "quick-xml",
 "ratatui",
 "rust_cast",
 "rustls",
@@ -3758,7 +3769,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "bevy_reflect",
 "bevy_reflect_derive",
 "pmoutils",
- "quick-xml 0.38.4",
+ "quick-xml",
 "serde",
 "utoipa",
 "utoipa-swagger-ui",
@@ -3779,7 +3790,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "opus",
 "pmometadata",
 "tempfile",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "tracing",
 ]
@@ -3793,7 +3804,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "once_cell",
 "pmodidl",
 "pmoupnp",
- "quick-xml 0.38.4",
+ "quick-xml",
 ]

 [[package]]
@@ -3816,10 +3827,10 @@ dependencies = [
 "pmosource",
 "pmoupnp",
 "pmoutils",
- "quick-xml 0.38.4",
+ "quick-xml",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-util",
 "tracing",
@@ -3898,7 +3909,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "rusqlite",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tracing",
@@ -3935,7 +3946,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "serde_yaml",
 "sha1",
 "tempfile",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-test",
 "tracing",
@@ -3987,7 +3998,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "pmoupnp",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
- "thiserror 1.0.69",
+ "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
 "tokio-stream",
 "tracing",
@@ -3999,6 +4010,8 @@ name = "pmoupnp"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
 "anyhow",
+ "async-recursion",
+ "async-trait",
 "axum 0.8.7",
 "base64 0.22.1",
 "bevy_reflect",
@@ -4017,10 +4030,11 @@ dependencies = [
 "pmoplaylist",
 "pmoserver",
 "pmoutils",
- "quick-xml 0.37.5",
+ "quick-xml",
 "reqwest",
 "serde",
 "serde_json",
+ "serde_yaml",
 "socket2 0.5.10",
 "thiserror 2.0.17",
 "tokio",
@@ -4039,7 +4053,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "get_if_addrs",
 "netstat2",
 "os_info",
- "quick-xml 0.38.4",
+ "quick-xml",
 "sysinfo",
 "users",
 "xmltree 0.10.3",
@@ -4323,16 +4337,6 @@ version = "2.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a993555f31e5a609f617c12db6250dedcac1b0a85076912c436e6fc9b2c8e6a3"

-[[package]]
-name = "quick-xml"
-version = "0.37.5"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "331e97a1af0bf59823e6eadffe373d7b27f485be8748f71471c662c1f269b7fb"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
- "serde",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "quick-xml"
 version = "0.38.4"
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -21,3 +21,35 @@ members = [
    "pmoflac",
    "pmometadata", "pmocontrol",
 ]
+
+[workspace.dependencies]
+# Core
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+serde_yaml = "0.9"
+
+# Async runtime
+tokio = { version = "1.35", features = ["full"] }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }
+async-trait = "0.1"
+
+# Error handling
+anyhow = "1.0"
+thiserror = "2.0"  # ⚠️ Unifier sur 2.0 (vous avez 1.0 et 2.0)
+
+# Logging
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["fmt", "env-filter"] }
+
+# HTTP/XML
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
+ureq = "3.1"
+quick-xml = { version = "0.38", features = ["serialize"] }  # ⚠️ Unifier 0.37→0.38
+
+# Utilities
+chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"] }
+uuid = { version = "1.18", features = ["v4"] }
+crossbeam-channel = "0.5"
+
+# Testing
+tokio-test = "0.4"
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ LABEL org.opencontainers.image.title="PMOMusic UPNP Music Server"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.version="0.1"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.authors="eric@coissac.eu"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses="CeCILL-2.0"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source="https://gargoton.petite-maison-orange.fr/eric/pmomusic"
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.url="https://gargoton.petite-maison-orange.fr/eric/pmomusic"
 LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="PMOMusic est une application Rust proposant en un binaire unique une Serveur de Musique, et une point de controle UPNP controlable via une application web."

 # Install only runtime dependencies
--- a/PMOMusic/Cargo.toml
+++ b/PMOMusic/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ pmoaudio-ext = { path = "../pmoaudio-ext", features = ["all"] }
 pmoapp = { path = "../pmoapp", features = ["pmoserver"] }
 pmocontrol = { path = "../pmocontrol", features = ["pmoserver"] }

-tokio = { version = "1.35", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "time","signal"] }
-tracing = "0.1.41"
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "time", "signal"] }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
 tracing-subscriber = "0.3.20"
 axum = "0.8.4"
 serde_json = "1.0.145"
--- a/PMOMusic/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/PMOMusic/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+[package]
+name = "PMOMusic"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig" }
+pmoupnp =  { path = "../pmoupnp"}
+pmomediarenderer = { path = "../pmomediarenderer" }
+pmomediaserver = { path = "../pmomediaserver", features = ["qobuz", "paradise", "paradise-api", "api"] }
+pmosource = { path = "../pmosource", features = ["server"] }
+pmoserver = { path = "../pmoserver" }
+pmocovers = { path = "../pmocovers", features = ["pmoserver"] }
+pmoaudiocache = { path = "../pmoaudiocache", features = ["pmoserver"]}
+pmoaudio-ext = { path = "../pmoaudio-ext", features = ["all"] }
+pmoapp = { path = "../pmoapp", features = ["pmoserver"] }
+pmocontrol = { path = "../pmocontrol", features = ["pmoserver"] }
+
+tokio = { version = "1.35", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "time","signal"] }
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing-subscriber = "0.3.20"
+axum = "0.8.4"
+serde_json = "1.0.145"
+utoipa = "5.4"
+console-subscriber = "0.4.1"
--- a/pmoapp/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmoapp/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmoapp"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+rust-embed = "8.5.0"
+
+[dependencies.pmoserver]
+path = "../pmoserver"
+optional = true
+
+[features]
+default = []
+pmoserver = ["dep:pmoserver"]
--- a/pmoapp/webapp/src/components/unified/RendererTabContent.vue
+++ b/pmoapp/webapp/src/components/unified/RendererTabContent.vue
@@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ async function handleQueueItemClick(item: QueueItem) {
  try {
    await api.seekQueueIndex(props.rendererId, item.index)
    console.log('[RendererTabContent] Jumped to queue index:', item.index, item.title)
+
+    // Force un refetch immédiat pour synchroniser la cover affichée
+    // sans attendre l'événement SSE qui peut avoir un délai
+    await refresh(true)
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('[RendererTabContent] Error seeking to queue index:', error)
    uiStore.notifyError(`Erreur: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Impossible de sauter à cet item'}`)
--- a/pmoapp/webapp/src/services/openhomePlaylist.ts
+++ b/pmoapp/webapp/src/services/openhomePlaylist.ts
@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-import type {
-  OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest,
-  OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot,
-} from '@/services/pmocontrol/types'
-
-const API_BASE = '/api/control'
-
-export async function getOpenHomePlaylist(rendererId: string): Promise<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-  const resp = await fetch(
-    `${API_BASE}/renderers/${encodeURIComponent(rendererId)}/oh/playlist`,
-  )
-  if (!resp.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Failed to fetch OpenHome playlist: ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`)
-  }
-  return resp.json()
-}
-
-export async function clearOpenHomePlaylist(rendererId: string): Promise<void> {
-  const resp = await fetch(
-    `${API_BASE}/renderers/${encodeURIComponent(rendererId)}/oh/playlist/clear`,
-    { method: 'POST' },
-  )
-  if (!resp.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Failed to clear OpenHome playlist: ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`)
-  }
-}
-
-export async function addOpenHomeTrack(
-  rendererId: string,
-  payload: OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest,
-): Promise<void> {
-  const resp = await fetch(
-    `${API_BASE}/renderers/${encodeURIComponent(rendererId)}/oh/playlist/add`,
-    {
-      method: 'POST',
-      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
-      body: JSON.stringify(payload),
-    },
-  )
-  if (!resp.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Failed to add track to OpenHome playlist: ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`)
-  }
-}
-
-export async function playOpenHomeTrack(rendererId: string, trackId: number): Promise<void> {
-  const resp = await fetch(
-    `${API_BASE}/renderers/${encodeURIComponent(
-      rendererId,
-    )}/oh/playlist/play/${encodeURIComponent(trackId.toString())}`,
-    { method: 'POST' },
-  )
-  if (!resp.ok) {
-    throw new Error(`Failed to play OpenHome track ${trackId}: ${resp.status} ${resp.statusText}`)
-  }
-}
--- a/pmoapp/webapp/src/services/pmocontrol/types.ts
+++ b/pmoapp/webapp/src/services/pmocontrol/types.ts
@@ -5,55 +5,65 @@
 // RENDERERS
 // ============================================================================

-export type RendererProtocolSummary = 'upnp' | 'openhome' | 'hybrid'
+export type RendererProtocolSummary =
+  | "upnp"
+  | "openhome"
+  | "hybrid"
+  | "chromecast";

 export interface RendererCapabilitiesSummary {
-  has_avtransport: boolean
-  has_avtransport_set_next: boolean
-  has_rendering_control: boolean
-  has_connection_manager: boolean
-  has_linkplay_http: boolean
-  has_arylic_tcp: boolean
-  has_oh_playlist: boolean
-  has_oh_volume: boolean
-  has_oh_info: boolean
-  has_oh_time: boolean
-  has_oh_radio: boolean
+  has_avtransport: boolean;
+  has_avtransport_set_next: boolean;
+  has_rendering_control: boolean;
+  has_connection_manager: boolean;
+  has_linkplay_http: boolean;
+  has_arylic_tcp: boolean;
+  has_oh_playlist: boolean;
+  has_oh_volume: boolean;
+  has_oh_info: boolean;
+  has_oh_time: boolean;
+  has_oh_radio: boolean;
 }

 export interface RendererSummary {
-  id: string
-  friendly_name: string
-  model_name: string
-  protocol: RendererProtocolSummary
-  capabilities: RendererCapabilitiesSummary
-  online: boolean
+  id: string;
+  friendly_name: string;
+  model_name: string;
+  protocol: RendererProtocolSummary;
+  capabilities: RendererCapabilitiesSummary;
+  online: boolean;
 }

 export interface RendererState {
-  id: string
-  friendly_name: string
-  transport_state: 'PLAYING' | 'PAUSED' | 'STOPPED' | 'TRANSITIONING' | 'NO_MEDIA' | 'UNKNOWN'
-  position_ms: number | null
-  duration_ms: number | null
-  volume: number | null  // 0-100
-  mute: boolean | null
-  queue_len: number
-  attached_playlist: AttachedPlaylistInfo | null
-  current_track: CurrentTrackMetadata | null
+  id: string;
+  friendly_name: string;
+  transport_state:
+    | "PLAYING"
+    | "PAUSED"
+    | "STOPPED"
+    | "TRANSITIONING"
+    | "NO_MEDIA"
+    | "UNKNOWN";
+  position_ms: number | null;
+  duration_ms: number | null;
+  volume: number | null; // 0-100
+  mute: boolean | null;
+  queue_len: number;
+  attached_playlist: AttachedPlaylistInfo | null;
+  current_track: CurrentTrackMetadata | null;
 }

 export interface CurrentTrackMetadata {
-  title: string | null
-  artist: string | null
-  album: string | null
-  album_art_uri: string | null
+  title: string | null;
+  artist: string | null;
+  album: string | null;
+  album_art_uri: string | null;
 }

 export interface AttachedPlaylistInfo {
-  server_id: string
-  container_id: string
-  has_seen_update: boolean
+  server_id: string;
+  container_id: string;
+  has_seen_update: boolean;
 }

 // ============================================================================
@@ -61,53 +71,26 @@ export interface AttachedPlaylistInfo {
 // ============================================================================

 export interface QueueItem {
-  index: number  // 0-based
-  uri: string
-  title: string | null
-  artist: string | null
-  album: string | null
-  album_art_uri: string | null
-  server_id: string | null
-  object_id: string | null
+  index: number; // 0-based
+  uri: string;
+  title: string | null;
+  artist: string | null;
+  album: string | null;
+  album_art_uri: string | null;
+  server_id: string | null;
+  object_id: string | null;
 }

 export interface QueueSnapshot {
-  renderer_id: string
-  items: QueueItem[]
-  current_index: number | null  // Index de la piste en cours (null si rien en lecture)
+  renderer_id: string;
+  items: QueueItem[];
+  current_index: number | null; // Index de la piste en cours (null si rien en lecture)
 }

 export interface FullRendererSnapshot {
-  state: RendererState
-  queue: QueueSnapshot
-  binding: AttachedPlaylistInfo | null
-}
-
-// ============================================================================
-// OPENHOME PLAYLIST
-// ============================================================================
-
-export interface OpenHomePlaylistTrack {
-  id: number
-  uri: string
-  title: string | null
-  artist: string | null
-  album: string | null
-  album_art_uri: string | null
-}
-
-export interface OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot {
-  renderer_id: string
-  current_id: number | null
-  current_index: number | null
-  tracks: OpenHomePlaylistTrack[]
-}
-
-export interface OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest {
-  uri: string
-  metadata: string
-  after_id?: number | null
-  play?: boolean
+  state: RendererState;
+  queue: QueueSnapshot;
+  binding: AttachedPlaylistInfo | null;
 }

 // ============================================================================
@@ -115,26 +98,26 @@ export interface OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest {
 // ============================================================================

 export interface MediaServerSummary {
-  id: string
-  friendly_name: string
-  model_name: string
-  online: boolean
+  id: string;
+  friendly_name: string;
+  model_name: string;
+  online: boolean;
 }

 export interface ContainerEntry {
-  id: string
-  title: string
-  class: string  // UPnP class
-  is_container: boolean
-  child_count: number | null
-  artist: string | null
-  album: string | null
-  album_art_uri: string | null  // ⚠️ Nom exact: album_art_uri
+  id: string;
+  title: string;
+  class: string; // UPnP class
+  is_container: boolean;
+  child_count: number | null;
+  artist: string | null;
+  album: string | null;
+  album_art_uri: string | null; // ⚠️ Nom exact: album_art_uri
 }

 export interface BrowseResponse {
-  container_id: string
-  entries: ContainerEntry[]
+  container_id: string;
+  entries: ContainerEntry[];
 }

 // ============================================================================
@@ -142,26 +125,26 @@ export interface BrowseResponse {
 // ============================================================================

 export interface VolumeSetRequest {
-  volume: number  // 0-100
+  volume: number; // 0-100
 }

 export interface AttachPlaylistRequest {
-  server_id: string
-  container_id: string
-  auto_play?: boolean
+  server_id: string;
+  container_id: string;
+  auto_play?: boolean;
 }

 export interface PlayContentRequest {
-  server_id: string
-  object_id: string
+  server_id: string;
+  object_id: string;
 }

 export interface SuccessResponse {
-  message: string
+  message: string;
 }

 export interface ErrorResponse {
-  error: string
+  error: string;
 }

 // ============================================================================
@@ -169,40 +152,105 @@ export interface ErrorResponse {
 // ============================================================================

 export type RendererEventPayload =
-  | { type: 'state_changed'; renderer_id: string; state: string; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'position_changed'; renderer_id: string; track: number | null; rel_time: string | null; track_duration: string | null; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'volume_changed'; renderer_id: string; volume: number; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'mute_changed'; renderer_id: string; mute: boolean; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'metadata_changed'; renderer_id: string; title: string | null; artist: string | null; album: string | null; album_art_uri: string | null; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'queue_updated'; renderer_id: string; queue_length: number; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'binding_changed'; renderer_id: string; server_id: string | null; container_id: string | null; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'online'; renderer_id: string; friendly_name: string; model_name: string; manufacturer: string; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'offline'; renderer_id: string; timestamp: string }
+  | {
+      type: "state_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      state: string;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "position_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      track: number | null;
+      rel_time: string | null;
+      track_duration: string | null;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "volume_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      volume: number;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "mute_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      mute: boolean;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "metadata_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      title: string | null;
+      artist: string | null;
+      album: string | null;
+      album_art_uri: string | null;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "queue_updated";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      queue_length: number;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "binding_changed";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      server_id: string | null;
+      container_id: string | null;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "online";
+      renderer_id: string;
+      friendly_name: string;
+      model_name: string;
+      manufacturer: string;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | { type: "offline"; renderer_id: string; timestamp: string };

 export type MediaServerEventPayload =
-  | { type: 'global_updated'; server_id: string; system_update_id: number | null; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'containers_updated'; server_id: string; container_ids: string[]; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'online'; server_id: string; friendly_name: string; model_name: string; manufacturer: string; timestamp: string }
-  | { type: 'offline'; server_id: string; timestamp: string }
+  | {
+      type: "global_updated";
+      server_id: string;
+      system_update_id: number | null;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "containers_updated";
+      server_id: string;
+      container_ids: string[];
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | {
+      type: "online";
+      server_id: string;
+      friendly_name: string;
+      model_name: string;
+      manufacturer: string;
+      timestamp: string;
+    }
+  | { type: "offline"; server_id: string; timestamp: string };

 export type UnifiedEventPayload =
-  | { category: 'renderer' } & RendererEventPayload
-  | { category: 'media_server' } & MediaServerEventPayload
+  | ({ category: "renderer" } & RendererEventPayload)
+  | ({ category: "media_server" } & MediaServerEventPayload);

 // ============================================================================
 // MÉTADONNÉES PISTE
 // ============================================================================

 export interface TrackMetadata {
-  title: string | null
-  artist: string | null
-  album: string | null
-  album_art_uri: string | null
-  duration_ms: number | null
+  title: string | null;
+  artist: string | null;
+  album: string | null;
+  album_art_uri: string | null;
+  duration_ms: number | null;
 }

 export interface PositionInfo {
-  track: number | null
-  rel_time: string | null  // Format HH:MM:SS
-  track_duration: string | null  // Format HH:MM:SS
+  track: number | null;
+  rel_time: string | null; // Format HH:MM:SS
+  track_duration: string | null; // Format HH:MM:SS
 }
--- a/pmoapp/webapp/src/views/RendererView.vue
+++ b/pmoapp/webapp/src/views/RendererView.vue
@@ -1,516 +1,302 @@
 <script setup lang="ts">
-import { computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, ref, watch, toRef } from 'vue'
-import { useRoute, useRouter } from 'vue-router'
-import { useRenderer, useRenderers } from '@/composables/useRenderers'
-import { useUIStore } from '@/stores/ui'
-import CurrentTrack from '@/components/pmocontrol/CurrentTrack.vue'
-import TransportControls from '@/components/pmocontrol/TransportControls.vue'
-import VolumeControl from '@/components/pmocontrol/VolumeControl.vue'
-import QueueViewer from '@/components/pmocontrol/QueueViewer.vue'
-import PlaylistBindingPanel from '@/components/pmocontrol/PlaylistBindingPanel.vue'
-import StatusBadge from '@/components/pmocontrol/StatusBadge.vue'
-import { ArrowLeft, Radio } from 'lucide-vue-next'
-import {
-  addOpenHomeTrack,
-  clearOpenHomePlaylist,
-  getOpenHomePlaylist,
-  playOpenHomeTrack,
-} from '@/services/openhomePlaylist'
-import type { OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot } from '@/services/pmocontrol/types'
+import { computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, toRef } from "vue";
+import { useRoute, useRouter } from "vue-router";
+import { useRenderer, useRenderers } from "@/composables/useRenderers";
+import { useUIStore } from "@/stores/ui";
+import CurrentTrack from "@/components/pmocontrol/CurrentTrack.vue";
+import TransportControls from "@/components/pmocontrol/TransportControls.vue";
+import VolumeControl from "@/components/pmocontrol/VolumeControl.vue";
+import QueueViewer from "@/components/pmocontrol/QueueViewer.vue";
+import PlaylistBindingPanel from "@/components/pmocontrol/PlaylistBindingPanel.vue";
+import StatusBadge from "@/components/pmocontrol/StatusBadge.vue";
+import { ArrowLeft, Radio } from "lucide-vue-next";

-const route = useRoute()
-const router = useRouter()
-const uiStore = useUIStore()
+const route = useRoute();
+const router = useRouter();
+const uiStore = useUIStore();

-const rendererId = computed(() => route.params.id as string)
-const { renderer, state, refresh } = useRenderer(toRef(() => rendererId.value))
-const { fetchRenderers, selectRenderer: selectRendererSnapshot } = useRenderers()
-const openHomeSupported = computed(() => {
-  const current = renderer.value
-  if (!current) return false
-  const caps = current.capabilities
-  return (
-    current.protocol === 'openhome' ||
-    current.protocol === 'hybrid' ||
-    caps?.has_oh_playlist === true
-  )
-})
-const ohPlaylist = ref<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot | null>(null)
-const ohLoading = ref(false)
-const ohError = ref<string | null>(null)
-const newOhUri = ref('')
-const newOhMeta = ref('')
-const canAddOhTrack = computed(() => newOhUri.value.trim().length > 0)
+const rendererId = computed(() => route.params.id as string);
+const { renderer, state, refresh } = useRenderer(toRef(() => rendererId.value));
+const { fetchRenderers, selectRenderer: selectRendererSnapshot } =
+    useRenderers();

 // Charger les données au montage si nécessaire
 onMounted(async () => {
-  uiStore.selectRenderer(rendererId.value)
-  selectRendererSnapshot(rendererId.value)
+    uiStore.selectRenderer(rendererId.value);
+    selectRendererSnapshot(rendererId.value);

-  // Charger toutes les données du renderer
-  if (!renderer.value) {
-    await fetchRenderers()
-  }
-  await refresh()
-})
-
-watch(
-  openHomeSupported,
-  async supported => {
-    if (supported) {
-      await refreshOhPlaylist()
-    } else {
-      ohPlaylist.value = null
+    // Charger toutes les données du renderer
+    if (!renderer.value) {
+        await fetchRenderers();
    }
-  },
-  { immediate: true },
-)
-
-watch(rendererId, () => {
-  ohPlaylist.value = null
-  ohError.value = null
-  newOhUri.value = ''
-  newOhMeta.value = ''
-})
+    await refresh();
+});

 // Nettoyer la sélection au démontage
 onUnmounted(() => {
-  uiStore.selectRenderer(null)
-  selectRendererSnapshot(null)
-})
+    uiStore.selectRenderer(null);
+    selectRendererSnapshot(null);
+});

 function goBack() {
-  router.push('/')
+    router.push("/");
 }

 const protocolLabel = computed(() => {
-  if (!renderer.value) return ''
-  switch (renderer.value.protocol) {
-    case 'upnp':
-      return 'UPnP AV'
-    case 'openhome':
-      return 'OpenHome'
-    case 'hybrid':
-      return 'Hybrid (UPnP + OpenHome)'
-    default:
-      return 'Inconnu'
-  }
-})
-
-async function refreshOhPlaylist() {
-  if (!renderer.value || !openHomeSupported.value) return
-  ohLoading.value = true
-  ohError.value = null
-  try {
-    ohPlaylist.value = await getOpenHomePlaylist(renderer.value.id)
-  } catch (e) {
-    ohError.value =
-      e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Failed to load OpenHome playlist'
-  } finally {
-    ohLoading.value = false
-  }
-}
-
-async function handleOhClear() {
-  if (!renderer.value) return
-  try {
-    await clearOpenHomePlaylist(renderer.value.id)
-    await refreshOhPlaylist()
-  } catch (e) {
-    ohError.value =
-      e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Failed to clear OpenHome playlist'
-  }
-}
-
-async function handleOhPlay(trackId: number) {
-  if (!renderer.value) return
-  try {
-    await playOpenHomeTrack(renderer.value.id, trackId)
-    await refreshOhPlaylist()
-  } catch (e) {
-    ohError.value =
-      e instanceof Error ? e.message : `Failed to play OpenHome track ${trackId}`
-  }
-}
-
-async function handleOhAdd() {
-  if (!renderer.value || !canAddOhTrack.value) return
-  try {
-    await addOpenHomeTrack(renderer.value.id, {
-      uri: newOhUri.value.trim(),
-      metadata: newOhMeta.value,
-      play: false,
-    })
-    newOhUri.value = ''
-    newOhMeta.value = ''
-    await refreshOhPlaylist()
-  } catch (e) {
-    ohError.value =
-      e instanceof Error ? e.message : 'Failed to add track to OpenHome playlist'
-  }
-}
+    if (!renderer.value) return "";
+    switch (renderer.value.protocol) {
+        case "upnp":
+            return "UPnP AV";
+        case "openhome":
+            return "OpenHome";
+        case "hybrid":
+            return "Hybrid (UPnP + OpenHome)";
+        case "chromecast":
+            return "Chromecast";
+        default:
+            return "Inconnu";
+    }
+});
 </script>

 <template>
-  <div class="renderer-view">
-    <!-- Header -->
-    <header class="renderer-header">
-      <button class="btn-back" @click="goBack" title="Retour au dashboard">
-        <ArrowLeft :size="20" />
-      </button>
-      <div class="header-content">
-        <div class="renderer-info">
-          <Radio :size="24" class="renderer-icon" />
-          <div class="renderer-details">
-            <h1 class="renderer-name">{{ renderer?.friendly_name || 'Chargement...' }}</h1>
-            <p class="renderer-model">{{ renderer?.model_name }} • {{ protocolLabel }}</p>
-          </div>
+    <div class="renderer-view">
+        <!-- Header -->
+        <header class="renderer-header">
+            <button
+                class="btn-back"
+                @click="goBack"
+                title="Retour au dashboard"
+            >
+                <ArrowLeft :size="20" />
+            </button>
+            <div class="header-content">
+                <div class="renderer-info">
+                    <Radio :size="24" class="renderer-icon" />
+                    <div class="renderer-details">
+                        <h1 class="renderer-name">
+                            {{ renderer?.friendly_name || "Chargement..." }}
+                        </h1>
+                        <p class="renderer-model">
+                            {{ renderer?.model_name }} • {{ protocolLabel }}
+                        </p>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+                <StatusBadge v-if="state" :status="state.transport_state" />
+            </div>
+        </header>
+
+        <!-- Loading state -->
+        <div v-if="!renderer || !state" class="loading-state">
+            <p>Chargement du renderer...</p>
        </div>
-        <StatusBadge v-if="state" :status="state.transport_state" />
-      </div>
-    </header>

-    <!-- Loading state -->
-    <div v-if="!renderer || !state" class="loading-state">
-      <p>Chargement du renderer...</p>
-    </div>
+        <!-- Main content -->
+        <div v-else class="renderer-content">
+            <!-- Left column (Desktop) / Top (Mobile) -->
+            <div class="left-column">
+                <!-- Current Track -->
+                <section class="content-section">
+                    <CurrentTrack :rendererId="rendererId" />
+                </section>

-    <!-- Main content -->
-    <div v-else class="renderer-content">
-      <!-- Left column (Desktop) / Top (Mobile) -->
-      <div class="left-column">
-        <!-- Current Track -->
-        <section class="content-section">
-          <CurrentTrack :rendererId="rendererId" />
-        </section>
+                <!-- Transport Controls -->
+                <section class="content-section">
+                    <TransportControls :rendererId="rendererId" />
+                </section>

-        <!-- Transport Controls -->
-        <section class="content-section">
-          <TransportControls :rendererId="rendererId" />
-        </section>
+                <!-- Volume Control -->
+                <section class="content-section">
+                    <h3 class="section-subtitle">Volume</h3>
+                    <VolumeControl :rendererId="rendererId" />
+                </section>

-        <!-- Volume Control -->
-        <section class="content-section">
-          <h3 class="section-subtitle">Volume</h3>
-          <VolumeControl :rendererId="rendererId" />
-        </section>
-
-        <!-- Playlist Binding -->
-        <section class="content-section">
-          <PlaylistBindingPanel :rendererId="rendererId" />
-        </section>
-
-        <section v-if="openHomeSupported" class="content-section openhome-playlist">
-          <h2>OpenHome Playlist</h2>
-
-          <div v-if="ohLoading">Chargement de la playlist…</div>
-          <div v-else-if="ohError" class="error">{{ ohError }}</div>
-
-          <div v-else-if="ohPlaylist && ohPlaylist.tracks.length === 0">
-            Playlist vide.
-          </div>
-
-          <div v-else-if="ohPlaylist">
-            <table class="oh-playlist-table">
-              <thead>
-                <tr>
-                  <th>#</th>
-                  <th>Titre</th>
-                  <th>Artiste</th>
-                  <th>Album</th>
-                  <th>Actions</th>
-                </tr>
-              </thead>
-              <tbody>
-                <tr
-                  v-for="track in ohPlaylist.tracks"
-                  :key="track.id"
-                  :class="{ current: ohPlaylist.current_id === track.id }"
-                >
-                  <td>{{ track.id }}</td>
-                  <td>{{ track.title || '—' }}</td>
-                  <td>{{ track.artist || '—' }}</td>
-                  <td>{{ track.album || '—' }}</td>
-                  <td class="actions-cell">
-                    <button class="btn btn-secondary btn-icon" @click="handleOhPlay(track.id)" title="Lire ce morceau">
-                      ▶
-                    </button>
-                  </td>
-                </tr>
-              </tbody>
-            </table>
-
-            <div class="oh-controls">
-              <button class="btn btn-secondary" @click="refreshOhPlaylist">
-                🔁 Rafraîchir
-              </button>
-              <button class="btn btn-danger" @click="handleOhClear">
-                🗑 Effacer la playlist
-              </button>
+                <!-- Playlist Binding -->
+                <section class="content-section">
+                    <PlaylistBindingPanel :rendererId="rendererId" />
+                </section>
            </div>

-            <div class="oh-add-form">
-              <input v-model="newOhUri" placeholder="URI à ajouter" />
-              <textarea v-model="newOhMeta" placeholder="DIDL-Lite (optionnel)" rows="2"></textarea>
-              <button class="btn btn-primary" @click="handleOhAdd" :disabled="!canAddOhTrack">
-                ➕ Ajouter
-              </button>
+            <!-- Right column (Desktop) / Bottom (Mobile) -->
+            <div class="right-column">
+                <section class="content-section queue-section">
+                    <QueueViewer :rendererId="rendererId" />
+                </section>
            </div>
-          </div>
-        </section>
-      </div>
-
-      <!-- Right column (Desktop) / Bottom (Mobile) -->
-      <div class="right-column">
-        <section class="content-section queue-section">
-          <QueueViewer :rendererId="rendererId" />
-        </section>
-      </div>
+        </div>
    </div>
-  </div>
 </template>

 <style scoped>
 .renderer-view {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
-  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
-  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
-  max-width: 1400px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  width: 100%;
-  height: 100%;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
+    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
+    max-width: 1400px;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+    width: 100%;
+    height: 100%;
 }

 /* Header */
 .renderer-header {
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: flex-start;
-  gap: var(--spacing-md);
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: flex-start;
+    gap: var(--spacing-md);
 }

 .btn-back {
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  width: 40px;
-  height: 40px;
-  background: none;
-  border: none;
-  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
-  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
-  cursor: pointer;
-  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
-  flex-shrink: 0;
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    width: 40px;
+    height: 40px;
+    background: none;
+    border: none;
+    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
+    color: var(--color-text-secondary);
+    cursor: pointer;
+    transition: all var(--transition-fast);
+    flex-shrink: 0;
 }

 .btn-back:hover {
-  background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
-  color: var(--color-text);
+    background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
+    color: var(--color-text);
 }

 .header-content {
-  flex: 1;
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: flex-start;
-  justify-content: space-between;
-  gap: var(--spacing-md);
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
+    flex: 1;
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: flex-start;
+    justify-content: space-between;
+    gap: var(--spacing-md);
+    flex-wrap: wrap;
 }

 .renderer-info {
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  gap: var(--spacing-md);
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    gap: var(--spacing-md);
 }

 .renderer-icon {
-  color: var(--color-primary);
-  flex-shrink: 0;
+    color: var(--color-primary);
+    flex-shrink: 0;
 }

 .renderer-details {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
-  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: var(--spacing-xs);
 }

 .renderer-name {
-  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
-  font-weight: 700;
-  color: var(--color-text);
-  margin: 0;
+    font-size: var(--text-2xl);
+    font-weight: 700;
+    color: var(--color-text);
+    margin: 0;
 }

 .renderer-model {
-  font-size: var(--text-sm);
-  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
-  margin: 0;
+    font-size: var(--text-sm);
+    color: var(--color-text-secondary);
+    margin: 0;
 }

 /* Loading */
 .loading-state {
-  flex: 1;
-  display: flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  font-size: var(--text-base);
-  color: var(--color-text-secondary);
+    flex: 1;
+    display: flex;
+    align-items: center;
+    justify-content: center;
+    font-size: var(--text-base);
+    color: var(--color-text-secondary);
 }

 /* Content */
 .renderer-content {
-  flex: 1;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
-  min-height: 0;
+    flex: 1;
+    display: grid;
+    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
+    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+    min-height: 0;
 }

 .left-column,
 .right-column {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
-  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
-  min-height: 0;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
+    min-height: 0;
 }

 .content-section {
-  background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
-  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
-  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
-  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
+    background-color: var(--color-bg-secondary);
+    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
+    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
+    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
 }

 .queue-section {
-  flex: 1;
-  min-height: 400px;
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
+    flex: 1;
+    min-height: 400px;
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
 }

 .section-subtitle {
-  font-size: var(--text-base);
-  font-weight: 600;
-  color: var(--color-text);
-  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-md);
-}
-
-.openhome-playlist h2 {
-  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-md);
-  font-size: var(--text-lg);
-}
-
-.oh-playlist-table {
-  width: 100%;
-  border-collapse: collapse;
-  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
-}
-
-.oh-playlist-table th,
-.oh-playlist-table td {
-  padding: var(--spacing-xs);
-  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-  font-size: var(--text-sm);
-}
-
-.oh-playlist-table tbody tr:hover {
-  background-color: var(--color-bg-tertiary);
-}
-
-.oh-playlist-table tr.current {
-  background-color: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
-}
-
-.actions-cell {
-  text-align: center;
-}
-
-.btn-icon {
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  width: 32px;
-  height: 32px;
-  padding: 0;
-}
-
-.oh-controls {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
-  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
-}
-
-.oh-add-form {
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
-  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
-}
-
-.oh-add-form input,
-.oh-add-form textarea {
-  width: 100%;
-  padding: var(--spacing-sm);
-  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
-  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
-  background-color: var(--color-bg-tertiary);
-  color: var(--color-text);
-}
-
-.oh-add-form button {
-  align-self: flex-start;
-}
-
-.error {
-  color: var(--status-error, #dc2626);
-  font-weight: 600;
+    font-size: var(--text-base);
+    font-weight: 600;
+    color: var(--color-text);
+    margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-md);
 }

 /* Responsive - Desktop */
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
-  .renderer-content {
-    grid-template-columns: 400px 1fr;
-  }
+    .renderer-content {
+        grid-template-columns: 400px 1fr;
+    }

-  .queue-section {
-    min-height: 0;
-  }
+    .queue-section {
+        min-height: 0;
+    }
 }

 /* Responsive - Tablet */
@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {
-  .renderer-content {
-    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
-  }
+    .renderer-content {
+        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+    }

-  .left-column {
-    display: grid;
-    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
-    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
-  }
+    .left-column {
+        display: grid;
+        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
+        gap: var(--spacing-lg);
+    }

-  .queue-section {
-    grid-column: 1 / -1;
-  }
+    .queue-section {
+        grid-column: 1 / -1;
+    }
 }

 /* Responsive - Mobile */
@media (max-width: 767px) {
-  .renderer-view {
-    padding: var(--spacing-md);
-  }
+    .renderer-view {
+        padding: var(--spacing-md);
+    }

-  .renderer-name {
-    font-size: var(--text-xl);
-  }
+    .renderer-name {
+        font-size: var(--text-xl);
+    }

-  .renderer-info {
-    flex-wrap: wrap;
-  }
+    .renderer-info {
+        flex-wrap: wrap;
+    }

-  .queue-section {
-    min-height: 300px;
-  }
+    .queue-section {
+        min-height: 300px;
+    }
 }
 </style>
--- a/pmoaudio-ext/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmoaudio-ext/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ pmoplaylist = { path = "../pmoplaylist", optional = true }
 pmocache = { path = "../pmocache", optional = true }

 # Async runtime
-tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7" }
 async-trait = "0.1"

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ rand = "0.8"

 # HTTP streaming dependencies
 bytes = { version = "1.0", optional = true }
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
-serde_json = { version = "1.0", optional = true }
+serde = { workspace = true, optional = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true, optional = true }

 [features]
 default = []
--- a/pmoaudio/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmoaudio/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ default = []
 simd = []

 [dependencies]
-tokio = { version = "1.42", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }
-async-trait = "0.1"
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
 futures-util = "0.3"
 pmoflac = { path = "../pmoflac" }
 pmometadata = { path = "../pmometadata" }
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ paste = "1"
 soxr = "0.6.0"
 bytemuck = "1.24.0"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["stream"] }
-tracing = "0.1"
+tracing = { workspace = true }
 cpal = "0.15"
 once_cell = "1.20"

@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ once_cell = "1.20"
 tokio-test = "0.4"
 tempfile = "3"
 wiremock = "0.6"
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true }
--- a/pmoaudio/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmoaudio/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmoaudio"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[features]
+default = []
+simd = []
+
+[dependencies]
+tokio = { version = "1.42", features = ["full"] }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }
+async-trait = "0.1"
+futures-util = "0.3"
+pmoflac = { path = "../pmoflac" }
+pmometadata = { path = "../pmometadata" }
+paste = "1"
+soxr = "0.6.0"
+bytemuck = "1.24.0"
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["stream"] }
+tracing = "0.1"
+cpal = "0.15"
+once_cell = "1.20"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tokio-test = "0.4"
+tempfile = "3"
+wiremock = "0.6"
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3", features = ["env-filter"] }
--- a/pmoaudiocache/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmoaudiocache/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ pmometadata = { path = "../pmometadata" }

 # Base de données
 rusqlite = { version = "0.37", features = ["bundled"] }
-chrono = "0.4"
+chrono = { workspace = true }

 # Métadonnées audio
 lofty = "0.22"
@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@ futures-util = "0.3"
 bytes = "1.0"

 # Utilitaires
-anyhow = "1.0"
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0"
-quick-xml = { version = "0.37", features = ["serialize"] }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
+quick-xml = { workspace = true }
 paste = "1.0"
-async-trait = "0.1"
+async-trait = { workspace = true }

 # Async
-tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { workspace = true }

 # Singleton
 once_cell = "1.20"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig", optional = true }
 axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
 utoipa = { version = "5.3", features = ["axum_extras"], optional = true }

-tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing = { workspace = true }

 [dev-dependencies]
 tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
--- a/pmoaudiocache/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmoaudiocache/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmoaudiocache"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+# Cache générique
+pmocache = { path = "../pmocache" }
+
+# DIDL-Lite pour UPnP
+pmodidl = { path = "../pmodidl" }
+
+# Streaming FLAC asynchrone
+pmoflac = { path = "../pmoflac" }
+pmometadata = { path = "../pmometadata" }
+
+# Base de données
+rusqlite = { version = "0.37", features = ["bundled"] }
+chrono = "0.4"
+
+# Métadonnées audio
+lofty = "0.22"
+
+# Outils de streaming
+futures-util = "0.3"
+bytes = "1.0"
+
+# Utilitaires
+anyhow = "1.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+quick-xml = { version = "0.38", features = ["serialize"] }
+paste = "1.0"
+async-trait = "0.1"
+
+# Async
+tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+
+# Singleton
+once_cell = "1.20"
+
+# Serveur HTTP (optionnel pour l'extension)
+pmoserver = { path = "../pmoserver", optional = true }
+pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig", optional = true }
+axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
+utoipa = { version = "5.3", features = ["axum_extras"], optional = true }
+
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
+tempfile = "3"
+
+[features]
+default = ["pmoserver"]
+pmoconfig = ["dep:pmoconfig", "pmocache/pmoconfig"]
+pmoserver = ["pmoconfig", "dep:pmoserver", "dep:axum", "dep:utoipa", "pmocache/pmoserver", "pmocache/openapi"]
--- a/pmoaudiocache/src/track_metadata.rs
+++ b/pmoaudiocache/src/track_metadata.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};

 use pmometadata::{MetadataError, MetadataResult, TrackMetadata};
 use serde_json::{Number, Value};
--- a/pmocache/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmocache/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,21 +17,21 @@ sha2 = "0.10"
 hex = "0.4"

 # Utilitaires
-anyhow = "1.0"
-async-trait = "0.1"
-chrono = "0.4"
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0"
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+async-trait = { workspace = true }
+chrono = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
 bytes = "1.6"
 paste = "1.0"
 pmoflac = { path = "../pmoflac" }

 # Async
-tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { workspace = true }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }

 # Logging
-tracing = "0.1"
+tracing = { workspace = true }

 # Feature pour OpenAPI
 utoipa = { version = "5.3", optional = true }
--- a/pmocache/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmocache/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmocache"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+# Base de données
+rusqlite = { version = "0.37.0", features = ["bundled"] }
+
+# HTTP client
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["blocking", "stream"] }
+futures-util = "0.3"
+
+# Cryptographie
+sha1 = "0.10"
+sha2 = "0.10"
+hex = "0.4"
+
+# Utilitaires
+anyhow = "1.0"
+async-trait = "0.1"
+chrono = "0.4"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+bytes = "1.6"
+paste = "1.0"
+pmoflac = { path = "../pmoflac" }
+
+# Async
+tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }
+
+# Logging
+tracing = "0.1"
+
+# Feature pour OpenAPI
+utoipa = { version = "5.3", optional = true }
+
+# Feature pour pmoserver (extension HTTP)
+axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
+
+# Feature pour pmoconfig (extension de configuration)
+pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig", optional = true }
+serde_yaml = { version = "0.9", optional = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tempfile = "3"
+
+[features]
+default = []
+openapi = ["dep:utoipa"]
+pmoserver = ["dep:axum"]
+pmoconfig = ["dep:pmoconfig", "dep:serde_yaml"]
--- a/pmocache/src/pmoserver_ext.rs
+++ b/pmocache/src/pmoserver_ext.rs
@@ -124,6 +124,24 @@ async fn serve_finalized_pk<C: CacheConfig + 'static>(
        warn!("Error updating hit count for {}: {}", pk, e);
    }

+    // ROUTE 1 : Fichier en cours de téléchargement
+    // Utilise le streaming progressif avec Content-Length pour permettre
+    // la lecture pendant le téléchargement tout en préservant la durée/position
+    if let Some(download) = cache.get_download(pk).await {
+        if !download.finished().await {
+            let response = stream_file_progressive(file_path, download, content_type).await;
+
+            if response.status().is_success() {
+                cache.notify_broadcast(pk, &qualifier).await;
+            }
+
+            return response;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ROUTE 2 : Fichier complètement téléchargé
+    // Utilise l'ancien système éprouvé qui garantit un passage correct
+    // de toutes les informations (Content-Length automatique, etc.)
    let response = serve_complete_file(file_path, content_type).await;

    if response.status().is_success() {
@@ -256,6 +274,8 @@ async fn stream_file_progressive(
    download: Arc<crate::download::Download>,
    content_type: &'static str,
 ) -> Response {
+    use axum::http::header;
+
    // Attendre qu'au moins 64 KB soient disponibles avant de commencer
    const MIN_SIZE_TO_START: u64 = 64 * 1024;

@@ -284,15 +304,24 @@ async fn stream_file_progressive(
    let stream = ReaderStream::new(file);
    let body = Body::from_stream(stream);

-    (
-        StatusCode::OK,
-        [
-            ("content-type", content_type),
-            ("transfer-encoding", "chunked"),
-        ],
-        body,
-    )
-        .into_response()
+    // Récupérer la taille attendue du fichier si disponible
+    let expected_size = download.expected_size().await;
+
+    // Construire la réponse avec Content-Length si connu
+    let mut response = axum::http::Response::builder()
+        .status(StatusCode::OK)
+        .header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, content_type);
+
+    if let Some(size) = expected_size {
+        // Si on connaît la taille finale, l'envoyer au renderer
+        // pour qu'il puisse calculer la durée et afficher la position
+        response = response.header(header::CONTENT_LENGTH, size);
+    } else {
+        // Sinon, utiliser chunked encoding
+        response = response.header(header::TRANSFER_ENCODING, "chunked");
+    }
+
+    response.body(body).unwrap()
 }

 /// Sert un fichier complet déjà téléchargé
--- a/pmoconfig/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmoconfig/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ edition = "2021"
 [dependencies]
 pmoutils ={ path = "../pmoutils" }

-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_yaml = "0.9.33"
-serde_json = "1.0"
+serde = { workspace = true }
+serde_yaml = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }
 lazy_static = "1.4.0"
 dirs = "6.0.0"
 log = "0.4.20"
 anyhow = "1.0.75"
-uuid = { version = "1.18.1", features = ["v4"] }
-tracing = "0.1.41"
+uuid = { workspace = true }
+tracing = { workspace = true }
 aes-gcm = "0.10"
 sha2 = "0.10"
 base64 = "0.22"

 # Async
-tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"], optional = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, optional = true }

 # Serveur HTTP (pour l'API REST)
 axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
--- a/pmoconfig/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmoconfig/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+
+[package]
+name = "pmoconfig"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+pmoutils ={ path = "../pmoutils" }
+
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_yaml = "0.9.33"
+serde_json = "1.0"
+lazy_static = "1.4.0"
+dirs = "6.0.0"
+log = "0.4.20"
+anyhow = "1.0.75"
+uuid = { version = "1.18.1", features = ["v4"] }
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+aes-gcm = "0.10"
+sha2 = "0.10"
+base64 = "0.22"
+
+# Async
+tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"], optional = true }
+
+# Serveur HTTP (pour l'API REST)
+axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
+utoipa = { version = "5.3", features = ["axum_extras"], optional = true }
+
+[features]
+default = []
+api = ["dep:tokio", "dep:axum", "dep:utoipa"]
--- a/pmoconfig/src/pmomusic.yaml
+++ b/pmoconfig/src/pmomusic.yaml
@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 host:
  http_port: "8080"
+  upnp:
+    manufacturer: "PMOMusic"
+    udn_prefix: "pmomusic"
+    model_name_prefix: "PMOMusic"
+    friendly_name_prefix: "PMOMusic"
  cover_cache:
    directory: "cache_covers"
    size: 2000
--- a/pmocontrol/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmocontrol/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ edition = "2024"
 [dependencies]
 pmoupnp = { path = "../pmoupnp" }
 pmodidl = { path = "../pmodidl" }
-quick-xml = "0.38.4"
-thiserror = "2.0.17"
+quick-xml = { workspace = true }
+thiserror = { workspace = true }
 ureq = "3.1.4"
-tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing = { workspace = true }
 tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
 tracing-log = "0.1"
-anyhow = "1.0"
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 xmltree = "0.11.0"
 crossbeam-channel = "0.5"
 ratatui = { version = "0.26", default-features = false, features = ["crossterm"] }
@@ -23,14 +23,14 @@ mdns = "3.0"
 async-std = "1.12"
 futures-util = "0.3"
 smol = "2.0"
+serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }

 # pmoserver extension support (optional)
 pmoserver = { path = "../pmoserver", optional = true }
 utoipa = { version = "5.4.0", optional = true }
 axum = { version = "0.8.4", optional = true }
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
-serde_json = { version = "1.0", optional = true }
-tokio = { version = "1", features = ["sync", "rt"], optional = true }
+tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["sync", "rt"], optional = true }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7", optional = true }
 async-trait = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
 tokio-stream = { version = "0.1", features = ["sync"], optional = true }
@@ -38,11 +38,9 @@ async-stream = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
 chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"], optional = true }

 [dev-dependencies]
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0"
 percent-encoding = "2.3"

 [features]
 default = []
 # Active l'API REST pmoserver
-pmoserver = ["dep:pmoserver", "dep:utoipa", "dep:axum", "dep:serde", "dep:serde_json", "dep:tokio", "dep:tokio-util", "dep:async-trait", "dep:tokio-stream", "dep:async-stream", "dep:chrono"]
+pmoserver = ["dep:pmoserver", "dep:utoipa", "dep:axum", "dep:tokio", "dep:tokio-util", "dep:async-trait", "dep:tokio-stream", "dep:async-stream", "dep:chrono"]
--- a/pmocontrol/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmocontrol/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmocontrol"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2024"
+
+[dependencies]
+pmoupnp = { path = "../pmoupnp" }
+pmodidl = { path = "../pmodidl" }
+quick-xml = "0.38.4"
+thiserror = "2.0.17"
+ureq = "3.1.4"
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing-subscriber = "0.3"
+tracing-log = "0.1"
+anyhow = "1.0"
+xmltree = "0.11.0"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.5"
+ratatui = { version = "0.26", default-features = false, features = ["crossterm"] }
+crossterm = "0.27"
+rust_cast = "0.19"
+rustls = { version = "0.23", features = ["aws-lc-rs"] }
+mdns = "3.0"
+async-std = "1.12"
+futures-util = "0.3"
+smol = "2.0"
+
+# pmoserver extension support (optional)
+pmoserver = { path = "../pmoserver", optional = true }
+utoipa = { version = "5.4.0", optional = true }
+axum = { version = "0.8.4", optional = true }
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
+serde_json = { version = "1.0", optional = true }
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["sync", "rt"], optional = true }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7", optional = true }
+async-trait = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
+tokio-stream = { version = "0.1", features = ["sync"], optional = true }
+async-stream = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
+chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["serde"], optional = true }
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+percent-encoding = "2.3"
+
+[features]
+default = []
+# Active l'API REST pmoserver
+pmoserver = ["dep:pmoserver", "dep:utoipa", "dep:axum", "dep:serde", "dep:serde_json", "dep:tokio", "dep:tokio-util", "dep:async-trait", "dep:tokio-stream", "dep:async-stream", "dep:chrono"]
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/arylic_tcp_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/arylic_tcp_demo.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::thread;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MusicRenderer, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo,
+    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MusicRendererBackend, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo,
    PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
 };

@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
        );
    }

-    let arylic_renderers: Vec<MusicRenderer> = renderers
+    let arylic_renderers: Vec<MusicRendererBackend> = renderers
        .iter()
        .filter(|info| info.capabilities.has_arylic_tcp)
-        .filter_map(|info| MusicRenderer::from_registry_info(info.clone(), &registry))
+        .filter_map(|info| MusicRendererBackend::from_renderer_info(info.clone(), &registry))
        .collect();

    if arylic_renderers.is_empty() {
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/chromecast_info.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/chromecast_info.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//! Simple Chromecast info retrieval test
+//!
+//! This is the most minimal test - just connects and gets device status.
+//!
+//! Usage:
+//!   cargo run --example chromecast_info -- <chromecast_ip>
+
+use std::env;
+use std::sync::Once;
+
+use rust_cast::CastDevice;
+
+const DEFAULT_DESTINATION_ID: &str = "receiver-0";
+const DEFAULT_PORT: u16 = 8009;
+
+/// Ensures the Rustls CryptoProvider is initialized exactly once.
+fn ensure_crypto_provider_initialized() {
+    static INIT: Once = Once::new();
+
+    INIT.call_once(|| {
+        let _ = rustls::crypto::CryptoProvider::install_default(
+            rustls::crypto::aws_lc_rs::default_provider()
+        );
+    });
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Parse command line arguments
+    let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
+
+    if args.len() < 2 {
+        eprintln!("Usage: {} <chromecast_ip>", args[0]);
+        eprintln!("\nExample:");
+        eprintln!("  {} 192.168.1.100", args[0]);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    let chromecast_ip = &args[1];
+
+    println!("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════");
+    println!("  Chromecast Info Test");
+    println!("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════");
+    println!();
+
+    // Initialize crypto provider
+    ensure_crypto_provider_initialized();
+
+    // Connect to the device
+    println!("→ Connecting to {}:{}...", chromecast_ip, DEFAULT_PORT);
+    let cast_device = match CastDevice::connect_without_host_verification(chromecast_ip, DEFAULT_PORT) {
+        Ok(device) => {
+            println!("  ✓ Connected");
+            device
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("  ✗ Failed: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Connect to receiver channel
+    println!();
+    println!("→ Connecting to receiver channel...");
+    if let Err(e) = cast_device.connection.connect(DEFAULT_DESTINATION_ID.to_string()) {
+        eprintln!("  ✗ Failed: {}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+    println!("  ✓ Channel connected");
+
+    // Send initial ping
+    println!();
+    println!("→ Sending initial ping...");
+    if let Err(e) = cast_device.heartbeat.ping() {
+        eprintln!("  ✗ Failed: {}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+    println!("  ✓ Ping sent");
+
+    // Get receiver status
+    println!();
+    println!("→ Getting receiver status...");
+    match cast_device.receiver.get_status() {
+        Ok(status) => {
+            println!("  ✓ Status retrieved\n");
+
+            // Volume
+            if let Some(level) = status.volume.level {
+                println!("  Volume:  {:.0}%", level * 100.0);
+            }
+            if let Some(muted) = status.volume.muted {
+                println!("  Muted:   {}", muted);
+            }
+
+            // Applications
+            println!("\n  Running applications: {}", status.applications.len());
+            for (i, app) in status.applications.iter().enumerate() {
+                println!("\n  App #{}:", i + 1);
+                println!("    Display Name:  {}", app.display_name);
+                println!("    App ID:        {}", app.app_id);
+                println!("    Session ID:    {}", app.session_id);
+                println!("    Transport ID:  {}", app.transport_id);
+                println!("    Status:        {}", app.status_text);
+                println!("    Namespaces:    {}", app.namespaces.len());
+            }
+
+            if status.applications.is_empty() {
+                println!("    (no apps currently running)");
+            }
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("  ✗ Failed: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    println!();
+    println!("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════");
+    println!("  Test completed successfully!");
+    println!("═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════");
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/chromecast_playback_test.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/chromecast_playback_test.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+//! Simple Chromecast playback test
+//!
+//! This example tests basic Chromecast functionality by:
+//! 1. Connecting to a Chromecast device
+//! 2. Launching the DefaultMediaReceiver app
+//! 3. Loading and playing a test media URL
+//! 4. Maintaining the heartbeat loop
+//!
+//! Usage:
+//!   cargo run --example chromecast_playback_test -- <chromecast_ip> [media_url]
+//!
+//! Example:
+//!   cargo run --example chromecast_playback_test -- 192.168.1.100
+
+use std::env;
+use std::sync::Once;
+
+use rust_cast::{
+    CastDevice, ChannelMessage,
+    channels::{
+        heartbeat::HeartbeatResponse,
+        media::{Media, StreamType},
+        receiver::CastDeviceApp,
+    },
+};
+
+const DEFAULT_DESTINATION_ID: &str = "receiver-0";
+const DEFAULT_PORT: u16 = 8009;
+
+// Test media URLs (public domain audio files)
+const TEST_MEDIA_URL: &str = "https://www.soundhelix.com/examples/mp3/SoundHelix-Song-1.mp3";
+
+/// Ensures the Rustls CryptoProvider is initialized exactly once.
+fn ensure_crypto_provider_initialized() {
+    static INIT: Once = Once::new();
+
+    INIT.call_once(|| {
+        let _ = rustls::crypto::CryptoProvider::install_default(
+            rustls::crypto::aws_lc_rs::default_provider()
+        );
+        println!("✓ Rustls CryptoProvider initialized");
+    });
+}
+
+/// Detects content type from URL path
+fn detect_content_type(url: &str) -> String {
+    // Detect from URL path - check if path contains /flac/, /mp3/, etc.
+    if url.contains("/flac/") || url.contains(".flac") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected FLAC from URL path");
+        return "audio/flac".to_string();
+    }
+    if url.contains("/mp3/") || url.contains(".mp3") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected MP3 from URL path");
+        return "audio/mpeg".to_string();
+    }
+    if url.contains(".m4a") || url.contains(".mp4") || url.contains(".aac") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected AAC/M4A from URL path");
+        return "audio/mp4".to_string();
+    }
+    if url.contains("/ogg/") || url.contains(".ogg") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected OGG from URL path");
+        return "audio/ogg".to_string();
+    }
+    if url.contains(".opus") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected Opus from URL path");
+        return "audio/opus".to_string();
+    }
+    if url.contains(".wav") {
+        println!("  ✓ Detected WAV from URL path");
+        return "audio/wav".to_string();
+    }
+
+    // Fallback
+    println!("  ⚠ Could not detect type, using audio/mpeg as fallback");
+    "audio/mpeg".to_string()
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Setup logging
+    tracing_subscriber::fmt()
+        .with_max_level(tracing::Level::DEBUG)
+        .init();
+
+    // Parse command line arguments
+    let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
+
+    if args.len() < 2 {
+        eprintln!("Usage: {} <chromecast_ip> [media_url]", args[0]);
+        eprintln!("\nExample:");
+        eprintln!("  {} 192.168.1.100", args[0]);
+        eprintln!("\nIf no media URL is provided, will use: {}", TEST_MEDIA_URL);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    let chromecast_ip = &args[1];
+    let media_url = if args.len() > 2 {
+        &args[2]
+    } else {
+        TEST_MEDIA_URL
+    };
+
+    println!("╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗");
+    println!("║      Chromecast Playback Test (rust_cast)                 ║");
+    println!("╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝");
+    println!();
+    println!("Target:      {}:{}", chromecast_ip, DEFAULT_PORT);
+    println!("Media URL:   {}", media_url);
+    println!();
+    println!("Detecting media content type...");
+    let media_type = detect_content_type(media_url);
+    println!();
+
+    // Initialize crypto provider
+    ensure_crypto_provider_initialized();
+
+    // Step 1: Connect to the device
+    println!("──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────");
+    println!("STEP 1: Connecting to Chromecast...");
+    let cast_device = match CastDevice::connect_without_host_verification(chromecast_ip, DEFAULT_PORT) {
+        Ok(device) => {
+            println!("✓ Connected to Chromecast");
+            device
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("✗ Failed to connect: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Step 2: Connect to the default receiver channel
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 2: Connecting to receiver channel...");
+    if let Err(e) = cast_device.connection.connect(DEFAULT_DESTINATION_ID.to_string()) {
+        eprintln!("✗ Failed to connect channel: {}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+    println!("✓ Channel connected");
+
+    // Step 3: Send initial ping (CRITICAL per rust_caster.rs)
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 3: Sending initial heartbeat ping...");
+    if let Err(e) = cast_device.heartbeat.ping() {
+        eprintln!("✗ Failed to send initial ping: {}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+    println!("✓ Initial ping sent");
+
+    // Step 4: Get receiver status
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 4: Getting receiver status...");
+    let status = match cast_device.receiver.get_status() {
+        Ok(status) => {
+            println!("✓ Receiver status obtained");
+            println!("  - Volume: {:.0}%", status.volume.level.unwrap_or(0.5) * 100.0);
+            println!("  - Muted: {}", status.volume.muted.unwrap_or(false));
+            println!("  - Running apps: {}", status.applications.len());
+            status
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("✗ Failed to get status: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Step 5: Launch DefaultMediaReceiver
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 5: Launching DefaultMediaReceiver app...");
+    let app = match cast_device.receiver.launch_app(&CastDeviceApp::DefaultMediaReceiver) {
+        Ok(app) => {
+            println!("✓ App launched successfully");
+            println!("  - App ID: {}", app.app_id);
+            println!("  - Display Name: {}", app.display_name);
+            println!("  - Session ID: {}", app.session_id);
+            println!("  - Transport ID: {}", app.transport_id);
+            app
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("✗ Failed to launch app: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Step 6: Connect to the app's transport
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 6: Connecting to app transport...");
+    if let Err(e) = cast_device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str()) {
+        eprintln!("✗ Failed to connect to app transport: {}", e);
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+    println!("✓ Connected to app transport: {}", app.transport_id);
+
+    // Step 7: Load the media
+    println!();
+    println!("STEP 7: Loading media...");
+    println!("  Content-Type: {}", media_type);
+    let media = Media {
+        content_id: media_url.to_string(),
+        content_type: media_type,
+        stream_type: StreamType::Buffered,
+        duration: None,
+        metadata: None,
+    };
+
+    match cast_device.media.load(
+        app.transport_id.as_str(),
+        app.session_id.as_str(),
+        &media,
+    ) {
+        Ok(status) => {
+            println!("✓ Media loaded successfully!");
+            println!("  - Media status entries: {}", status.entries.len());
+
+            if let Some(entry) = status.entries.first() {
+                println!("  - Player state: {:?}", entry.player_state);
+                println!("  - Media session ID: {}", entry.media_session_id);
+
+                if let Some(ref media) = entry.media {
+                    println!("  - Content ID: {}", media.content_id);
+                    println!("  - Stream type: {:?}", media.stream_type);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+            eprintln!("✗ Failed to load media: {}", e);
+            std::process::exit(1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Step 8: Enter heartbeat loop
+    println!();
+    println!("──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────");
+    println!("STEP 8: Entering heartbeat loop (Ctrl+C to exit)...");
+    println!("──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────");
+    println!();
+
+    let mut heartbeat_count = 0;
+    let mut media_message_count = 0;
+
+    loop {
+        match cast_device.receive() {
+            Ok(ChannelMessage::Heartbeat(response)) => {
+                if let HeartbeatResponse::Ping = response {
+                    heartbeat_count += 1;
+                    println!("[Heartbeat #{:3}] Received Ping, sending Pong...", heartbeat_count);
+
+                    if let Err(e) = cast_device.heartbeat.pong() {
+                        eprintln!("✗ Failed to send pong: {}", e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    println!("[Heartbeat] {:?}", response);
+                }
+            }
+
+            Ok(ChannelMessage::Media(response)) => {
+                media_message_count += 1;
+                println!("[Media #{:3}] {:?}", media_message_count, response);
+            }
+
+            Ok(ChannelMessage::Receiver(response)) => {
+                println!("[Receiver] {:?}", response);
+            }
+
+            Ok(ChannelMessage::Connection(response)) => {
+                println!("[Connection] {:?}", response);
+            }
+
+            Ok(ChannelMessage::Raw(response)) => {
+                println!("[Raw] Unsupported message type: {:?}", response);
+            }
+
+            Err(e) => {
+                eprintln!("✗ Error receiving message: {}", e);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    println!();
+    println!("──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────");
+    println!("Test completed.");
+    println!("Total heartbeats: {}", heartbeat_count);
+    println!("Total media messages: {}", media_message_count);
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/discover.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/discover.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::thread;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use pmocontrol::RendererProtocol;
-use pmocontrol::{ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaServerInfo, RendererInfo};
+use pmocontrol::{ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, UpnpMediaServer, RendererInfo};

 fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
    // Un tout petit logging optionnel
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
        let reg = reg.read().expect("registry poisoned");

        let renderers: Vec<RendererInfo> = reg.list_renderers();
-        let servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo> = reg.list_servers();
+        let servers: Vec<UpnpMediaServer> = reg.list_servers();

        println!("=====================");
        println!("Renderers detected : {}", renderers.len());
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
            let proto = match r.protocol {
                RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly => "UPnP AV",
                RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly => "OpenHome",
-                RendererProtocol::Hybrid => "Hybrid",
+                RendererProtocol::OpenHomeHybrid => "Hybrid",
            };

            println!(
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/full_control_point_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/full_control_point_demo.rs
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ use crossterm::terminal::{
 };
 use pmocontrol::model::TrackMetadata;
 use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaServerEvent, MediaServerInfo,
-    MusicServer, PlaybackItem, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus,
+    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaServerEvent, UpnpMediaServer,
+    UpnpMediaServer, PlaybackItem, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus,
    RendererEvent, RendererInfo, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
 };
 use ratatui::Terminal;
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {

    let servers = {
        let reg = registry.read().expect("registry poisoned");
-        let list: Vec<MediaServerInfo> = reg
+        let list: Vec<UpnpMediaServer> = reg
            .list_servers()
            .into_iter()
            .filter(|s| s.has_content_directory && s.content_directory_control_url.is_some())
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@ struct App {
    renderers: Vec<RendererInfo>,
    renderer_index: usize,
    renderer_info: Option<RendererInfo>,
-    servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo>,
+    servers: Vec<UpnpMediaServer>,
    server_index: usize,
-    server_info: Option<MediaServerInfo>,
-    music_server: Option<MusicServer>,
+    server_info: Option<UpnpMediaServer>,
+    music_server: Option<UpnpMediaServer>,
    browser: Option<BrowserState>,
    mode: Mode,
    ui_state: UiState,
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ impl App {
    fn new(
        control_point: Arc<ControlPoint>,
        renderers: Vec<RendererInfo>,
-        servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo>,
+        servers: Vec<UpnpMediaServer>,
    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            control_point,
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ impl App {
        }
    }

-    fn renderer_id(&self) -> Option<pmocontrol::model::RendererId> {
+    fn renderer_id(&self) -> Option<pmocontrol::model::ServiceId> {
        self.renderer_info.as_ref().map(|info| info.id.clone())
    }

@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ impl App {
            }
            KeyCode::Enter => {
                let info = self.servers[self.server_index].clone();
-                match MusicServer::from_info(&info, Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS)) {
+                match UpnpMediaServer::from_info(&info, Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS)) {
                    Ok(server) => {
                        let entries = server.browse_root()?;
                        let browser = BrowserState::new(entries);
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ impl App {
        }
    }

-    fn refresh_queue_snapshot(&mut self, renderer_id: &pmocontrol::model::RendererId) {
+    fn refresh_queue_snapshot(&mut self, renderer_id: &pmocontrol::model::ServiceId) {
        if let Ok((queue, current_index)) = self.control_point.get_full_queue_snapshot(renderer_id)
        {
            self.queue_snapshot = queue;
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ impl App {

    fn peek_next_queue_item(
        &self,
-        renderer_id: &pmocontrol::model::RendererId,
+        renderer_id: &pmocontrol::model::ServiceId,
    ) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
        self.control_point
            .get_queue_snapshot(renderer_id)
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ impl App {
            .and_then(|queue| queue.into_iter().next())
    }

-    fn get_renderer(&self) -> Result<pmocontrol::MusicRenderer> {
+    fn get_renderer(&self) -> Result<pmocontrol::MusicRendererBackend> {
        let renderer_id = self
            .renderer_id()
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer not selected"))?;
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ impl NavigationState {

 /// Collect playable items from MediaEntry list (including nested containers).
 fn collect_playable_items(
-    server: &MusicServer,
+    server: &UpnpMediaServer,
    entries: &[MediaEntry],
 ) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>> {
    let mut items = Vec::new();
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ fn collect_playable_items(
 }

 /// Convert MediaEntry to PlaybackItem.
-fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &MusicServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
+fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &UpnpMediaServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
    let resource = entry.resources.iter().find(|res| res.is_audio())?;
    let metadata = TrackMetadata {
        title: Some(entry.title.clone()),
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/linkplay_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/linkplay_demo.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::thread;
 use std::time::Duration;

 use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MusicRenderer, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo,
+    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MusicRendererBackend, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo,
    PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, VolumeControl,
 };

@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
        );
    }

-    let linkplay_renderers: Vec<MusicRenderer> = renderers
+    let linkplay_renderers: Vec<MusicRendererBackend> = renderers
        .iter()
        .filter(|info| info.capabilities.has_linkplay_http)
-        .filter_map(|info| MusicRenderer::from_registry_info(info.clone(), &registry))
+        .filter_map(|info| MusicRendererBackend::from_renderer_info(info.clone(), &registry))
        .collect();

    if linkplay_renderers.is_empty() {
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/live_pmomusic_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/live_pmomusic_demo.rs
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use pmocontrol::model::TrackMetadata;
 use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaServerEvent, MediaServerInfo,
-    MusicRenderer, MusicServer, PlaybackItem, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, RendererInfo,
+    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaServerEvent, UpnpMediaServer,
+    MusicRendererBackend, UpnpMediaServer, PlaybackItem, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, RendererInfo,
 };

 const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 5;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
        server_info.friendly_name, server_info.location, server_info.id.0
    );

-    let renderer_instance = MusicRenderer::from_registry_info(renderer.clone(), &registry)
+    let renderer_instance = MusicRendererBackend::from_renderer_info(renderer.clone(), &registry)
        .expect("Selected renderer is not usable by MusicRenderer façade");
    let supports_set_next = renderer_instance
        .as_upnp()
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {

    let timeout = Duration::from_secs(config.timeout_secs);
    let server =
-        MusicServer::from_info(&server_info, timeout).context("Failed to init MusicServer")?;
+        UpnpMediaServer::from_info(&server_info, timeout).context("Failed to init MusicServer")?;

    println!("Searching for a Live Playlist container in ContentDirectory...");
    let live_playlist_container = find_live_playlist_container(&server)
@@ -355,8 +355,8 @@ fn pick_renderer(renderers: Vec<RendererInfo>) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
    Some(selected)
 }

-fn pick_pmomusic_server(servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo>) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-    let mut candidates: Vec<MediaServerInfo> = servers
+fn pick_pmomusic_server(servers: Vec<UpnpMediaServer>) -> Option<UpnpMediaServer> {
+    let mut candidates: Vec<UpnpMediaServer> = servers
        .into_iter()
        .filter(|info| info.has_content_directory)
        .filter(|info| info.content_directory_control_url.is_some())
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ fn pick_pmomusic_server(servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo>) -> Option<MediaServerInfo
    Some(candidates.remove(0))
 }

-fn is_pmomusic_server(info: &MediaServerInfo) -> bool {
+fn is_pmomusic_server(info: &UpnpMediaServer) -> bool {
    let name = info.friendly_name.to_ascii_lowercase();
    let model = info.model_name.to_ascii_lowercase();
    let manufacturer = info.manufacturer.to_ascii_lowercase();
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ fn is_pmomusic_renderer(info: &RendererInfo) -> bool {
 }

 /// Search for a container whose title contains "Live Playlist" using BFS.
-fn find_live_playlist_container(server: &MusicServer) -> Result<Option<MediaEntry>> {
+fn find_live_playlist_container(server: &UpnpMediaServer) -> Result<Option<MediaEntry>> {
    let root_entries = server
        .browse_root()
        .context("Failed to browse ContentDirectory root")?;
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ fn find_live_playlist_container(server: &MusicServer) -> Result<Option<MediaEntr
 /// Collect playable items from a specific container.
 /// Retries with fewer items if the initial browse times out.
 fn collect_playable_items_from_container(
-    server: &MusicServer,
+    server: &UpnpMediaServer,
    container_id: &str,
    max_tracks: usize,
 ) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>> {
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ fn collect_playable_items_from_container(
    Ok(items)
 }

-fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &MusicServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
+fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &UpnpMediaServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
    // Skip live streams (we're looking for regular tracks in a live playlist)
    if entry.title.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("live stream") {
        return None;
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/media_server_events_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/media_server_events_demo.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use anyhow::Result;
 use crossbeam_channel::RecvTimeoutError;
-use pmocontrol::{ControlPoint, MediaServerEvent, MediaServerInfo, ServerId};
+use pmocontrol::{ControlPoint, MediaServerEvent, UpnpMediaServer, ServerId};

 const DISCOVERY_WAIT_SECS: u64 = 5;
 const MONITOR_DURATION_SECS: u64 = 90;
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
        );
    }

-    let mut cache: HashMap<ServerId, MediaServerInfo> = servers
+    let mut cache: HashMap<ServerId, UpnpMediaServer> = servers
        .into_iter()
        .map(|info| (info.id.clone(), info))
        .collect();
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {

 fn print_event(
    cp: &ControlPoint,
-    cache: &mut HashMap<ServerId, MediaServerInfo>,
+    cache: &mut HashMap<ServerId, UpnpMediaServer>,
    event: &MediaServerEvent,
 ) {
    match event {
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ fn print_event(

 fn describe_server(
    cp: &ControlPoint,
-    cache: &mut HashMap<ServerId, MediaServerInfo>,
+    cache: &mut HashMap<ServerId, UpnpMediaServer>,
    id: &ServerId,
 ) -> String {
    if let Some(info) = cache.get(id) {
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/openhome_tester.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/openhome_tester.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use anyhow::{Context, Result, anyhow};
 use pmocontrol::{
-    DeviceDescriptionProvider, DiscoveredEndpoint, HttpXmlDescriptionProvider, MusicRenderer,
+    DeviceDescriptionProvider, DiscoveredEndpoint, HttpXmlDescriptionProvider, MusicRendererBackend,
    RendererInfo,
    control_point::ControlPoint,
    openhome_client::{
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ fn auto_discover_renderer() -> Result<RendererInfo> {
        let mut openhome_infos = Vec::new();

        for renderer in renderers {
-            if let MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) = renderer {
+            if let MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) = renderer {
                if seen.insert(oh.id().0.clone()) {
                    openhome_infos.push(oh.info.clone());
                }
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/queue_pmomusic_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/queue_pmomusic_demo.rs
@@ -1,539 +0,0 @@
-//! End-to-end queue demo that prefers the PMOMusic media server and exercises
-//! the ControlPoint playback queue API.
-
-use std::collections::VecDeque;
-use std::env;
-use std::process;
-use std::thread;
-use std::time::Duration;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use pmocontrol::model::TrackMetadata;
-use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, DeviceRegistryRead, MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaServerEvent, MediaServerInfo,
-    MusicRenderer, MusicServer, PlaybackItem, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, RendererInfo,
-};
-
-const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 5;
-const DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_SECS: u64 = 5;
-const DEFAULT_MAX_TRACKS: usize = 3;
-const MONITOR_DURATION_SECS: u64 = 600;
-const MONITOR_POLL_SECS: u64 = 5;
-const MAX_BROWSE_DEPTH: usize = 2;
-
-fn main() -> Result<()> {
-    let _ = tracing_subscriber::fmt::try_init();
-    let config = CliConfig::parse_from_env().unwrap_or_else(|err| {
-        eprintln!("Error parsing arguments: {err}");
-        print_usage_and_exit();
-    });
-
-    if config.max_tracks == 0 {
-        eprintln!("--max-tracks must be >= 1");
-        process::exit(1);
-    }
-
-    println!(
-        "Starting queue_pmomusic_demo with timeout={}s discovery={}s max_tracks={}",
-        config.timeout_secs, config.discovery_secs, config.max_tracks
-    );
-
-    // ControlPoint::spawn starts the HttpXmlDescriptionProvider + DiscoveryManager combo.
-    let control_point =
-        ControlPoint::spawn(config.timeout_secs).context("Failed to start control point")?;
-
-    println!(
-        "Discovery running for {} seconds before selecting devices...",
-        config.discovery_secs
-    );
-    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(config.discovery_secs));
-
-    let registry = control_point.registry();
-    let (renderer, server_info) = {
-        let reg = registry.read().expect("registry poisoned");
-        let renderer_candidates: Vec<RendererInfo> = reg
-            .list_renderers()
-            .into_iter()
-            .filter(|info| !is_pmomusic_renderer(info))
-            .collect();
-        let renderer = pick_renderer(renderer_candidates)
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| no_renderer_and_exit("No suitable renderer found after discovery."));
-        let server = pick_media_server(reg.list_servers())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| no_server_and_exit("No media server with ContentDirectory."));
-        (renderer, server)
-    };
-
-    println!(
-        "Selected renderer \"{}\" (protocol={:?}, id={})",
-        renderer.friendly_name, renderer.protocol, renderer.id.0
-    );
-    println!(
-        "Selected media server \"{}\" at {} (id={})",
-        server_info.friendly_name, server_info.location, server_info.id.0
-    );
-
-    let renderer_instance = MusicRenderer::from_registry_info(renderer.clone(), &registry)
-        .expect("Selected renderer is not usable by MusicRenderer façade");
-    let supports_set_next = renderer_instance
-        .as_upnp()
-        .map(|upnp| upnp.supports_set_next())
-        .unwrap_or(false);
-    println!(
-        "Renderer \"{}\": AVTransport present = {}, SetNextAVTransportURI supported = {}",
-        renderer.friendly_name, renderer.capabilities.has_avtransport, supports_set_next
-    );
-
-    let timeout = Duration::from_secs(config.timeout_secs);
-    let server =
-        MusicServer::from_info(&server_info, timeout).context("Failed to init MusicServer")?;
-
-    let root_entries = server
-        .browse_root()
-        .context("Failed to browse ContentDirectory root")?;
-    println!("Root returned {} entries", root_entries.len());
-
-    // Try to find a playlist container first
-    let (playback_items, bound_container_id) =
-        collect_playable_items_with_binding(&server, &root_entries, config.max_tracks)
-            .context("Failed to derive playable items from ContentDirectory root/children")?;
-
-    if playback_items.is_empty() {
-        println!("No playable tracks were found on the selected server.");
-        process::exit(1);
-    }
-
-    println!(
-        "Discovered {} playable items; enqueuing…",
-        playback_items.len()
-    );
-
-    if let Some(ref container_id) = bound_container_id {
-        println!(
-            "Found playlist container '{}' to bind queue to",
-            container_id
-        );
-    } else {
-        println!("No playlist container found; queue will not be bound to server");
-    }
-
-    let mut planned_queue: VecDeque<PlaybackItem>;
-    let renderer_id = renderer.id.clone();
-    control_point
-        .clear_queue(&renderer_id)
-        .context("Failed to clear playback queue")?;
-    control_point
-        .enqueue_items(&renderer_id, playback_items)
-        .context("Failed to enqueue playback items")?;
-
-    // Attach queue to playlist container if we found one
-    if let Some(container_id) = bound_container_id {
-        control_point
-            .attach_queue_to_playlist(&renderer_id, server_info.id.clone(), container_id.clone())
-            .context("Failed to attach queue to playlist container")?;
-        println!(
-            "✓ Queue attached to playlist container {} on server {}",
-            container_id, server_info.friendly_name
-        );
-    }
-
-    let snapshot = control_point
-        .get_queue_snapshot(&renderer_id)
-        .context("Failed to snapshot queue after enqueue")?;
-    print_queue_snapshot(&snapshot);
-    planned_queue = snapshot.clone().into();
-
-    control_point
-        .play_next_from_queue(&renderer_id)
-        .context("Failed to start playback from queue")?;
-    let mut current_track = planned_queue.pop_front();
-    let remaining = control_point
-        .get_queue_snapshot(&renderer_id)
-        .context("Failed to snapshot queue after play_next_from_queue")?;
-    planned_queue = remaining.clone().into();
-    println!(
-        "Playback started on \"{}\"; {} tracks remaining in queue.",
-        renderer.friendly_name,
-        remaining.len()
-    );
-
-    println!(
-        "Monitoring queue auto-advance for {} seconds (poll every {}s)…",
-        MONITOR_DURATION_SECS, MONITOR_POLL_SECS
-    );
-
-    // Subscribe to media server events to observe playlist updates
-    let media_event_rx = control_point.subscribe_media_server_events();
-
-    let poll_count = MONITOR_DURATION_SECS / MONITOR_POLL_SECS;
-    for tick in 0..poll_count {
-        thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(MONITOR_POLL_SECS));
-
-        // Drain any MediaServerEvent that arrived since last poll
-        loop {
-            match media_event_rx.try_recv() {
-                Ok(MediaServerEvent::GlobalUpdated {
-                    server_id,
-                    system_update_id,
-                }) => {
-                    println!(
-                        "  📢 MediaServer {} global update (SystemUpdateID={:?})",
-                        server_id.0, system_update_id
-                    );
-                }
-                Ok(MediaServerEvent::ContainersUpdated {
-                    server_id,
-                    container_ids,
-                }) => {
-                    println!(
-                        "  📢 MediaServer {} containers updated: {:?}",
-                        server_id.0, container_ids
-                    );
-
-                    // Check if our bound container was updated
-                    if let Some((bound_server, bound_container, _)) =
-                        control_point.current_queue_playlist_binding(&renderer_id)
-                    {
-                        if bound_server == server_id && container_ids.contains(&bound_container) {
-                            println!(
-                                "  🔄 Bound playlist container '{}' was updated, queue will refresh automatically",
-                                bound_container
-                            );
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                Err(_) => break, // No more events, continue with normal monitoring
-            }
-        }
-
-        let snapshot = control_point
-            .get_queue_snapshot(&renderer_id)
-            .context("Queue snapshot failed during monitoring loop")?;
-        let new_plan: VecDeque<PlaybackItem> = snapshot.clone().into();
-        if planned_queue.len() > new_plan.len() {
-            let removed = planned_queue.len() - new_plan.len();
-            for _ in 0..removed {
-                current_track = planned_queue.pop_front();
-            }
-        }
-        planned_queue = new_plan;
-
-        let playback_info = control_point
-            .music_renderer_by_id(&renderer_id)
-            .and_then(|renderer| renderer.playback_position().ok());
-
-        let title = current_track_title(current_track.as_ref());
-        if let Some(info) = playback_info {
-            println!(
-                "[tick {tick}] Queue length = {} | now playing: {} [{}]",
-                snapshot.len(),
-                title,
-                format_playback_position(&info)
-            );
-        } else {
-            println!(
-                "[tick {tick}] Queue length = {} | now playing: {} [position unavailable]",
-                snapshot.len(),
-                title
-            );
-        }
-    }
-
-    println!("Monitoring finished, exiting.");
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct CliConfig {
-    timeout_secs: u64,
-    discovery_secs: u64,
-    max_tracks: usize,
-}
-
-impl CliConfig {
-    fn parse_from_env() -> Result<Self, String> {
-        let mut timeout_secs = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS;
-        let mut discovery_secs = DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_SECS;
-        let mut max_tracks = DEFAULT_MAX_TRACKS;
-
-        let mut args = env::args().skip(1);
-        while let Some(arg) = args.next() {
-            match arg.as_str() {
-                "--timeout-secs" => {
-                    let value = args
-                        .next()
-                        .ok_or_else(|| "--timeout-secs requires a value".to_string())?;
-                    timeout_secs = value.parse().map_err(|err| {
-                        format!("Invalid value for --timeout-secs ({value}): {err}")
-                    })?;
-                }
-                "--discovery-secs" => {
-                    let value = args
-                        .next()
-                        .ok_or_else(|| "--discovery-secs requires a value".to_string())?;
-                    discovery_secs = value.parse().map_err(|err| {
-                        format!("Invalid value for --discovery-secs ({value}): {err}")
-                    })?;
-                }
-                "--max-tracks" => {
-                    let value = args
-                        .next()
-                        .ok_or_else(|| "--max-tracks requires a value".to_string())?;
-                    max_tracks = value.parse().map_err(|err| {
-                        format!("Invalid value for --max-tracks ({value}): {err}")
-                    })?;
-                }
-                "--help" | "-h" => {
-                    print_usage_and_exit();
-                }
-                unknown => {
-                    return Err(format!("Unknown argument: {unknown}"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            timeout_secs,
-            discovery_secs,
-            max_tracks,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-fn pick_renderer(renderers: Vec<RendererInfo>) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
-    let mut candidates: Vec<RendererInfo> = renderers;
-
-    if candidates.is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    println!("Renderer candidates:");
-    for (idx, info) in candidates.iter().enumerate() {
-        println!(
-            "  [{}] {} | model={} | location={} | online={}",
-            idx, info.friendly_name, info.model_name, info.location, info.online
-        );
-    }
-
-    let selected = candidates.remove(0);
-    println!(
-        "Automatically selecting renderer index 0: {}",
-        selected.friendly_name
-    );
-    Some(selected)
-}
-
-fn pick_media_server(servers: Vec<MediaServerInfo>) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-    let mut candidates: Vec<MediaServerInfo> = servers
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter(|info| info.has_content_directory)
-        .filter(|info| info.content_directory_control_url.is_some())
-        .collect();
-
-    if candidates.is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    if let Some(idx) = candidates.iter().position(is_pmomusic_server) {
-        let server = candidates.remove(idx);
-        println!(
-            "Preferring PMOMusic server \"{}\" (server header: {}).",
-            server.friendly_name, server.server_header
-        );
-        Some(server)
-    } else {
-        println!("No PMOMusic server discovered; falling back to first ContentDirectory server.");
-        Some(candidates.remove(0))
-    }
-}
-
-fn is_pmomusic_server(info: &MediaServerInfo) -> bool {
-    let name = info.friendly_name.to_ascii_lowercase();
-    let header = info.server_header.to_ascii_lowercase();
-    name.contains("pmomusic") || header.contains("pmomusic")
-}
-
-fn is_pmomusic_renderer(info: &RendererInfo) -> bool {
-    info.friendly_name
-        .to_ascii_lowercase()
-        .contains("pmomusic audio renderer")
-}
-
-fn collect_playable_items_with_binding(
-    server: &MusicServer,
-    entries: &[MediaEntry],
-    max_tracks: usize,
-) -> Result<(Vec<PlaybackItem>, Option<String>)> {
-    // First, try to find a playlist container
-    let playlist_container = entries.iter().find(|entry| {
-        entry.is_container
-            && entry
-                .class
-                .to_ascii_lowercase()
-                .contains("object.container.playlistcontainer")
-    });
-
-    if let Some(playlist) = playlist_container {
-        println!(
-            "Found playlist container: '{}' (id: {}, class: {})",
-            playlist.title, playlist.id, playlist.class
-        );
-
-        // Browse the playlist container
-        match server.browse_children(&playlist.id, 0, max_tracks as u32) {
-            Ok(children) => {
-                let mut items = Vec::new();
-                for entry in &children {
-                    if let Some(item) = playback_item_from_entry(server, entry) {
-                        items.push(item);
-                        if items.len() >= max_tracks {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if !items.is_empty() {
-                    return Ok((items, Some(playlist.id.clone())));
-                }
-
-                println!(
-                    "Playlist container '{}' is empty, falling back to general browse",
-                    playlist.title
-                );
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                println!(
-                    "Failed to browse playlist container '{}': {}, falling back",
-                    playlist.title, err
-                );
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        println!("No playlist container found in root entries, using fallback");
-    }
-
-    // Fallback: collect from any container/item
-    let mut items = Vec::new();
-    for entry in entries {
-        gather_items_from_entry(server, entry, max_tracks, 0, &mut items)?;
-        if items.len() >= max_tracks {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-    Ok((items, None))
-}
-
-fn gather_items_from_entry(
-    server: &MusicServer,
-    entry: &MediaEntry,
-    max_tracks: usize,
-    depth: usize,
-    out: &mut Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-) -> Result<()> {
-    if out.len() >= max_tracks {
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if entry.is_container {
-        if depth >= MAX_BROWSE_DEPTH {
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        match server.browse_children(&entry.id, 0, 50) {
-            Ok(children) => {
-                for child in children {
-                    gather_items_from_entry(server, &child, max_tracks, depth + 1, out)?;
-                    if out.len() >= max_tracks {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                tracing::warn!(
-                    container_id = entry.id.as_str(),
-                    error = %err,
-                    "Failed to browse child container"
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if let Some(item) = playback_item_from_entry(server, entry) {
-        out.push(item);
-    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &MusicServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
-    if entry.title.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("live stream") {
-        return None;
-    }
-    let resource = entry.resources.iter().find(|res| res.is_audio())?;
-    let metadata = TrackMetadata {
-        title: Some(entry.title.clone()),
-        artist: entry.artist.clone(),
-        album: entry.album.clone(),
-        genre: entry.genre.clone(),
-        album_art_uri: entry.album_art_uri.clone(),
-        date: entry.date.clone(),
-        track_number: entry.track_number.clone(),
-        creator: entry.creator.clone(),
-    };
-    Some(PlaybackItem {
-        media_server_id: server.id().clone(),
-        didl_id: entry.id.clone(),
-        uri: resource.uri.clone(),
-        protocol_info: resource.protocol_info.clone(),
-        metadata: Some(metadata),
-    })
-}
-
-fn print_queue_snapshot(items: &[PlaybackItem]) {
-    println!("Current queue snapshot ({} items):", items.len());
-    for (idx, item) in items.iter().enumerate() {
-        let label = item
-            .metadata
-            .as_ref()
-            .and_then(|meta| meta.title.as_deref())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| item.uri.as_str());
-        println!("  [{}] {} -> {}", idx, label, item.uri);
-    }
-    if items.is_empty() {
-        println!("  <queue is empty>");
-    }
-}
-
-fn current_track_title(item: Option<&PlaybackItem>) -> String {
-    match item {
-        Some(track) => track
-            .metadata
-            .as_ref()
-            .and_then(|meta| meta.title.as_deref())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| track.uri.as_str())
-            .to_string(),
-        None => "<unknown>".to_string(),
-    }
-}
-
-fn format_playback_position(info: &PlaybackPositionInfo) -> String {
-    let rel = info.rel_time.as_deref().unwrap_or("-");
-    let dur = info.track_duration.as_deref().unwrap_or("-");
-    format!("{rel} / {dur}")
-}
-
-fn no_renderer_and_exit(message: &str) -> ! {
-    println!("{message}");
-    process::exit(1);
-}
-
-fn no_server_and_exit(message: &str) -> ! {
-    println!("{message}");
-    process::exit(1);
-}
-
-fn print_usage_and_exit() -> ! {
-    println!(
-        "Usage: cargo run -p pmocontrol --example queue_pmomusic_demo -- [--timeout-secs N] [--discovery-secs N] [--max-tracks N]"
-    );
-    process::exit(1);
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/examples/renderer_demo.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/examples/renderer_demo.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use pmocontrol::PlaybackPosition;
 use pmocontrol::model::RendererInfo;
 use pmocontrol::openhome_client::{OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhTimeClient};
 use pmocontrol::{
-    ControlPoint, MusicRenderer, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, RendererCapabilities,
+    ControlPoint, MusicRendererBackend, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, RendererCapabilities,
    RendererProtocol, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
 };
 use std::env;
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<()> {
    thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(5));

    // 2. Snapshot of logical music renderers
-    let mut renderers: Vec<MusicRenderer> = cp.list_music_renderers();
+    let mut renderers: Vec<MusicRendererBackend> = cp.list_music_renderers();

    // Filter out the in-dev PMOMusic renderer (if present)
    renderers.retain(|r| {
@@ -276,20 +276,20 @@ fn print_openhome_details(prefix: &str, info: &RendererInfo) {
    }
 }

-fn print_backend(prefix: &str, renderer: &MusicRenderer) {
+fn print_backend(prefix: &str, renderer: &MusicRendererBackend) {
    let backend = match renderer {
-        MusicRenderer::Upnp(_) => "UpnpRenderer (UPnP AV / DLNA)",
-        MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(_) => "LinkPlayRenderer (LinkPlay HTTP)",
-        MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(_) => "ArylicTcpRenderer  (ARylic TCP Protocol)",
-        MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { .. } => {
+        MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(_) => "UpnpRenderer (UPnP AV / DLNA)",
+        MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(_) => "LinkPlayRenderer (LinkPlay HTTP)",
+        MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(_) => "ArylicTcpRenderer  (ARylic TCP Protocol)",
+        MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { .. } => {
            "Hybrid UpnpArylicRenderer (UPnP AV / DLNA + ARylic TCP Protocol)"
        }
-        MusicRenderer::OpenHome(_) => "OpenHomeRenderer (native OpenHome stack)",
+        MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(_) => "OpenHomeRenderer (native OpenHome stack)",
    };
    println!("{prefix}Backend       : {backend}");
 }

-fn dump_renderer_state(renderer: &MusicRenderer, label: &str) -> Result<()> {
+fn dump_renderer_state(renderer: &MusicRendererBackend, label: &str) -> Result<()> {
    println!("\n[{label}]");

    if let Ok(state) = renderer.playback_state() {
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ fn dump_renderer_state(renderer: &MusicRenderer, label: &str) -> Result<()> {
    Ok(())
 }

-fn progress_monitor(renderer: &MusicRenderer, label: &str, iterations: usize, interval_secs: u64) {
+fn progress_monitor(renderer: &MusicRendererBackend, label: &str, iterations: usize, interval_secs: u64) {
    println!(
        "\n[{label}] polling playback state/position {} times (every {} s)...",
        iterations, interval_secs
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ fn progress_monitor(renderer: &MusicRenderer, label: &str, iterations: usize, in
    }
 }

-fn volume_demo(renderer: &MusicRenderer) -> Result<()> {
+fn volume_demo(renderer: &MusicRendererBackend) -> Result<()> {
    // Try to get current volume
    let original = renderer.volume()?;
    println!("  Current music volume  : {}", original);
--- a/pmocontrol/rust-cast-async-analysis.md
+++ b/pmocontrol/rust-cast-async-analysis.md
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+# Analyse : Rendre rust-cast asynchrone vs autres options
+
+**Date :** 2025-12-27
+**Question :** Est-il plus simple d'intégrer rust-cast et le modifier pour le rendre asynchrone ?
+
+---
+
+## 1. Analyse de la codebase rust-cast
+
+### Taille et complexité
+
+```bash
+Total : ~5800 lignes de code Rust
+Structure modulaire :
+├── src/lib.rs              (~570 lignes)
+├── src/message_manager.rs  (~300 lignes)
+├── src/channels/
+│   ├── media.rs            (~800 lignes)
+│   ├── receiver.rs         (~400 lignes)
+│   ├── heartbeat.rs        (~100 lignes)
+│   └── connection.rs       (~100 lignes)
+├── src/cast/
+│   ├── cast_channel.rs     (généré par protobuf)
+│   └── proxies.rs          (~500 lignes)
+└── src/errors.rs, utils.rs (~200 lignes)
+```
+
+**Conclusion :** Codebase de taille **modeste et bien structurée**.
+
+---
+
+## 2. Points bloquants identifiés
+
+### 2.1 I/O synchrone bloquant
+
+Tous les I/O passent par `MessageManager<S>` où `S: Read + Write` :
+
+```rust
+// message_manager.rs:246-253
+fn read(&self) -> Result<CastMessage, Error> {
+    let mut buffer: [u8; 4] = [0; 4];
+    let reader = &mut *self.stream.borrow_mut();
+
+    reader.read_exact(&mut buffer)?;  // ❌ BLOQUANT
+    let length = utils::read_u32_from_buffer(&buffer)?;
+
+    let mut buffer: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(length as usize);
+    let mut limited_reader = reader.take(u64::from(length));
+    limited_reader.read_to_end(&mut buffer)?;  // ❌ BLOQUANT
+    ...
+}
+```
+
+```rust
+// message_manager.rs:138-141
+pub fn send(&self, message: CastMessage) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    ...
+    let writer = &mut *self.stream.borrow_mut();
+    writer.write_all(&message_length_buffer)?;  // ❌ BLOQUANT
+    writer.write_all(&message_content_buffer)?; // ❌ BLOQUANT
+    ...
+}
+```
+
+### 2.2 Connexion TLS
+
+```rust
+// lib.rs:125
+let stream = StreamOwned::new(
+    conn,
+    TcpStream::connect((host.as_ref(), port))?  // ❌ BLOQUANT
+);
+```
+
+**Total : 5 points bloquants critiques** (connect, read_exact, read_to_end, 2x write_all)
+
+---
+
+## 3. Effort pour rendre rust-cast asynchrone
+
+### 3.1 Modifications requises
+
+#### A. Remplacer la stack réseau
+
+**Avant (sync) :**
+```rust
+use std::net::TcpStream;
+use rustls::{ClientConnection, StreamOwned};
+
+type TlsStream = StreamOwned<ClientConnection, TcpStream>;
+```
+
+**Après (async) :**
+```rust
+use async_io::Async;
+use std::net::TcpStream;
+use async_rustls::{TlsConnector, client::TlsStream};
+
+// OU avec tokio :
+use tokio::net::TcpStream;
+use tokio_rustls::{TlsConnector, client::TlsStream};
+```
+
+⚠️ **PROBLÈME :** `rustls::StreamOwned` n'existe pas en version async native. Il faut utiliser :
+- `async-rustls` (pour async-std/smol)
+- `tokio-rustls` (pour tokio)
+
+Ces crates ont une **API différente** de `rustls::StreamOwned`.
+
+#### B. Modifier `MessageManager`
+
+```diff
+- pub struct MessageManager<S> where S: Write + Read {
+ pub struct MessageManager<S> where S: AsyncWrite + AsyncRead + Unpin {
+
+- pub fn send(&self, message: CastMessage) -> Result<(), Error> {
+ pub async fn send(&self, message: CastMessage) -> Result<(), Error> {
+      ...
+-     writer.write_all(&message_length_buffer)?;
+     writer.write_all(&message_length_buffer).await?;
+  }
+
+- pub fn receive(&self) -> Result<CastMessage, Error> {
+ pub async fn receive(&self) -> Result<CastMessage, Error> {
+      ...
+  }
+
+- fn read(&self) -> Result<CastMessage, Error> {
+ async fn read(&self) -> Result<CastMessage, Error> {
+-     reader.read_exact(&mut buffer)?;
+     reader.read_exact(&mut buffer).await?;
+-     limited_reader.read_to_end(&mut buffer)?;
+     limited_reader.read_to_end(&mut buffer).await?;
+  }
+}
+```
+
+#### C. Propager `async` dans tous les channels
+
+**Avant :**
+```rust
+// channels/media.rs
+impl<'a, S> MediaChannel<'a, S> where S: Write + Read {
+    pub fn play(&self, ...) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.message_manager.send(...)?;
+        self.message_manager.receive_find_map(...)
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Après :**
+```rust
+impl<'a, S> MediaChannel<'a, S> where S: AsyncWrite + AsyncRead + Unpin {
+    pub async fn play(&self, ...) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        self.message_manager.send(...).await?;
+        self.message_manager.receive_find_map(...).await
+    }
+}
+```
+
+**Impact :** TOUS les channels (media, receiver, heartbeat, connection) deviennent `async`.
+
+#### D. Modifier `CastDevice`
+
+```diff
+impl<'a> CastDevice<'a> {
+-   pub fn connect<S>(host: S, port: u16) -> Result<CastDevice<'a>, Error>
+   pub async fn connect<S>(host: S, port: u16) -> Result<CastDevice<'a>, Error>
+    {
+        ...
+-       let stream = TcpStream::connect((host.as_ref(), port))?;
+       let stream = TcpStream::connect((host.as_ref(), port)).await?;
+        ...
+    }
+
+-   pub fn receive(&self) -> Result<ChannelMessage, Error> {
+   pub async fn receive(&self) -> Result<ChannelMessage, Error> {
+-       let cast_message = self.message_manager.receive()?;
+       let cast_message = self.message_manager.receive().await?;
+        ...
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 3.2 Estimation de l'effort
+
+| Tâche | Fichiers touchés | Complexité | Temps estimé |
+|-------|------------------|------------|--------------|
+| Choisir stack async (smol vs tokio) | - | Faible | 1h |
+| Migrer vers async-rustls/tokio-rustls | lib.rs | **MOYENNE** | 4-6h |
+| Rendre MessageManager async | message_manager.rs | **MOYENNE** | 4-6h |
+| Rendre tous les channels async | 4 fichiers | **MOYENNE-ÉLEVÉE** | 8-12h |
+| Mettre à jour CastDevice | lib.rs | Moyenne | 2-4h |
+| Tests et debug | Tous | **ÉLEVÉE** | 8-16h |
+| **TOTAL** | **~10 fichiers** | **ÉLEVÉE** | **27-45 heures** |
+
+⚠️ **RISQUES :**
+- API `async-rustls` différente de `rustls::StreamOwned` → peut nécessiter refactoring profond
+- Gestion des locks async (`Mutex` → `async_lock::Mutex` ou `tokio::sync::Mutex`)
+- Bugs subtils liés à la concurrence async
+- Tests nécessaires pour valider la stabilité
+
+---
+
+## 4. Comparaison des 4 options
+
+### Option 1 : ✅ **Rester avec rust-cast sync et corriger le TLS**
+
+**Effort :** FAIBLE (2-8 heures)
+
+**Actions :**
+- Investiguer les erreurs TLS prématurées
+- Ajouter retry logic sur les reconnexions
+- Améliorer la gestion d'erreur dans [chromecast_renderer.rs](pmocontrol/src/chromecast_renderer.rs:86-104)
+- Peut-être ajuster les timeouts de lecture
+
+**Avantages :**
+- ✅ Garde l'API sync compatible avec PMOMusic
+- ✅ Risque minimal
+- ✅ Solution rapide
+
+**Inconvénients :**
+- ⚠️ Ne résout peut-être pas tous les problèmes TLS
+
+---
+
+### Option 2 : 🔧 **Forker rust-cast et moderniser le TLS (reste sync)**
+
+**Effort :** MOYEN (8-16 heures)
+
+**Actions :**
+- Forker rust-cast sur GitHub/GitLab
+- Améliorer la gestion TLS (retry, reconnexion automatique)
+- Ajouter logs détaillés
+- Corriger les bugs TLS identifiés
+- Maintenir un fork privé
+
+**Avantages :**
+- ✅ Garde l'API sync
+- ✅ Contrôle total sur les correctifs
+- ✅ Peut merger les améliorations de upstream
+
+**Inconvénients :**
+- ⚠️ Maintenance du fork à long terme
+- ⚠️ Doit suivre les mises à jour de rustls
+
+---
+
+### Option 3 : 🔄 **Rendre rust-cast asynchrone**
+
+**Effort :** ÉLEVÉ (27-45 heures)
+
+**Actions :**
+- Migrer vers async-rustls ou tokio-rustls
+- Rendre tout le code async (MessageManager, channels, CastDevice)
+- Adapter PMOMusic pour wrapper les appels async
+
+**Avantages :**
+- ✅ Architecture moderne
+- ✅ Potentiellement meilleure performance pour gérer plusieurs devices
+- ✅ Résout probablement les problèmes TLS via stack moderne
+
+**Inconvénients :**
+- ❌ Effort très élevé
+- ❌ Risque de bugs subtils
+- ❌ PMOMusic doit wrapper tous les appels avec `smol::block_on()`
+- ❌ Overhead de conversion sync→async→sync
+
+**⚠️ PARADOXE :** Rendre rust-cast async pour ensuite le wrapper en sync dans PMOMusic = **surcharge inutile**
+
+---
+
+### Option 4 : ❌ **Migrer vers cast-sender (déjà async)**
+
+**Effort :** TRÈS ÉLEVÉ (40-80 heures)
+
+**Problèmes critiques :**
+- ❌ API incomplète (pas de get_status, pas de seek)
+- ❌ Nécessite architecture stateful complexe
+- ❌ Documentation insuffisante (23%)
+
+**Voir :** [cast-sender-evaluation.md](cast-sender-evaluation.md)
+
+---
+
+## 5. Analyse détaillée : Async est-il vraiment utile ?
+
+### 5.1 Cas d'usage PMOMusic
+
+**Architecture actuelle :**
+- 1 thread par Chromecast actif (pour le heartbeat)
+- Opérations de contrôle (play, pause, volume) : sporadiques
+- Pas de gestion massive de connexions simultanées
+
+**Bénéfice de async :**
+- ❌ **FAIBLE** : PMOMusic n'a pas besoin de gérer 100+ connexions simultanées
+- ❌ **OVERHEAD** : Wrapping sync→async→sync ajoute de la complexité
+
+### 5.2 Vraie cause des problèmes TLS ?
+
+Les problèmes de "fermeture TLS prématurée" sont probablement dus à :
+- Timeout réseau trop court
+- Gestion d'erreur insuffisante lors des reconnexions
+- Bugs spécifiques de certaines versions de rustls
+
+**Async ne résout PAS directement ces problèmes !**
+
+---
+
+## 6. Recommandation finale
+
+### 🏆 **Option recommandée : Option 1 (Corriger rust-cast sync)**
+
+**Raisons :**
+
+1. **Effort minimal** : 2-8 heures vs 27-45h pour async
+2. **Risque minimal** : Garde l'architecture validée
+3. **Compatibilité** : Pas de changement dans PMOMusic
+4. **Pragmatique** : Résout le problème réel (TLS) sans over-engineering
+
+**Plan d'action concret :**
+
+```rust
+// Améliorer la fonction connect_to_device
+fn connect_to_device(host: &str, port: u16) -> Result<CastDevice> {
+    const MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 3;
+    const RETRY_DELAY_MS: u64 = 1000;
+
+    for attempt in 1..=MAX_RETRIES {
+        match try_connect(host, port) {
+            Ok(device) => return Ok(device),
+            Err(e) if attempt < MAX_RETRIES => {
+                tracing::warn!(
+                    "Connection attempt {} failed: {}. Retrying in {}ms...",
+                    attempt, e, RETRY_DELAY_MS
+                );
+                std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(RETRY_DELAY_MS));
+            }
+            Err(e) => return Err(e),
+        }
+    }
+    unreachable!()
+}
+
+// Ajouter timeout configurable pour les read operations
+// Ajouter meilleure gestion d'erreur dans le heartbeat loop
+```
+
+---
+
+### 🥈 **Alternative : Option 2 (Fork rust-cast)**
+
+Si l'Option 1 ne suffit pas après investigation, forker permet :
+- Corrections TLS plus profondes
+- Ajout de fonctionnalités manquantes
+- Contrôle total
+
+**Pas besoin de rendre async !**
+
+---
+
+### 🚫 **Options déconseillées :**
+
+- ❌ **Option 3** (Async rust-cast) : Effort 5-10x supérieur pour bénéfice marginal
+- ❌ **Option 4** (cast-sender) : API incomplète, effort encore plus élevé
+
+---
+
+## 7. Conclusion
+
+**NON, rendre rust-cast asynchrone n'est PAS plus simple.**
+
+**Comparaison des efforts :**
+
+| Option | Effort (heures) | Complexité | Risque |
+|--------|----------------|------------|--------|
+| 1. Corriger rust-cast sync | 2-8 | Faible | Minimal |
+| 2. Forker rust-cast | 8-16 | Moyenne | Faible |
+| 3. **Async rust-cast** | **27-45** | **Élevée** | **Élevé** |
+| 4. Migrer cast-sender | 40-80 | Très élevée | Très élevé |
+
+**Le ratio effort/bénéfice de l'option async est défavorable :**
+- **5-10x plus d'effort** que corriger le code sync
+- **Bénéfice minimal** pour l'architecture actuelle de PMOMusic
+- **Risques élevés** de bugs de concurrence async
+
+**Recommandation :** Commencer par l'**Option 1**, investiguer les vrais problèmes TLS, et envisager l'**Option 2** (fork) uniquement si nécessaire. Éviter absolument l'**Option 3** (async) sauf changement radical d'architecture de PMOMusic.
+
+---
+
+## Annexe : Si vous vouliez quand même faire async...
+
+### Stack recommandée
+
+**Pour PMOMusic (déjà avec smol) :**
+```toml
+[dependencies]
+async-io = "2.3"
+async-rustls = "0.4"
+futures-lite = "2.1"
+```
+
+**Points d'attention :**
+- Remplacer tous les `Mutex` par `async_lock::Mutex`
+- Gérer correctement le `Unpin` trait pour les streams
+- Tester intensivement la gestion des erreurs async
+- Prévoir 2-3 semaines de développement + tests
+
+**Mais encore une fois : le jeu n'en vaut pas la chandelle !**
--- a/pmocontrol/src/arylic_client/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/arylic_client/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+use std::{
+    io::{Read, Write},
+    net::{Shutdown, TcpStream, ToSocketAddrs},
+    sync::{Mutex, OnceLock},
+    thread,
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
+};
+
+use tracing::{debug, warn};
+
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+
+pub const ARYLIC_TCP_PORT: u16 = 8899;
+pub const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 3;
+
+const PACKET_HEADER: [u8; 4] = [0x18, 0x96, 0x18, 0x20];
+const RESERVED_BYTES: [u8; 8] = [0; 8];
+const MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS: usize = 8;
+
+// Garde global pour respecter le délai de 200ms entre commandes
+static LAST_COMMAND_TIME: OnceLock<Mutex<Instant>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+fn last_command_time() -> &'static Mutex<Instant> {
+    LAST_COMMAND_TIME.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(Instant::now()))
+}
+
+/// Mode d’attente de réponse pour une commande TCP Arylic.
+enum ResponseMode<'a> {
+    /// On n’attend aucune réponse (fire-and-forget).
+    None,
+    /// On attend une réponse, mais si la lecture échoue immédiatement, on traite comme succès.
+    Optional(&'a [&'a str]),
+    /// On attend une réponse, et l’absence de réponse est une erreur.
+    Required(&'a [&'a str]),
+}
+
+fn send_command_with_mode(
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+    timeout: Duration,
+    payload: &str,
+    mode: ResponseMode<'_>,
+) -> Result<Option<String>, ControlPointError> {
+    let mut stream = connect(host, port, timeout)?;
+    let packet = encode_packet(payload);
+
+    stream.write_all(&packet).map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Failed to write Arylic TCP packet for {}: {}",
+            host, payload
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    stream.flush().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Failed to flush Arylic TCP stream for {} (command {})",
+            host, payload
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    match mode {
+        ResponseMode::None => {
+            debug!(
+                "Arylic TCP fire-and-forget command sent to {}: {}",
+                host, payload
+            );
+            let _ = stream.shutdown(Shutdown::Write);
+            Ok(None)
+        }
+        ResponseMode::Required(expected) => {
+            read_expected_response(&mut stream, host, payload, expected).map(Some)
+        }
+        ResponseMode::Optional(expected) => {
+            for _ in 0..MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS {
+                match read_packet(&mut stream) {
+                    Ok(response) => {
+                        if expected.iter().any(|p| response.starts_with(p)) {
+                            return Ok(Some(response));
+                        }
+                        debug!(
+                            "Ignoring unsolicited Arylic payload from {}: {}",
+                            host, response
+                        );
+                    }
+                    Err(err) => {
+                        debug!(
+                            "No full response for Arylic TCP command {} on {}: {}. Treating as success and relying on PINFGET.",
+                            payload, host, err
+                        );
+                        return Ok(None);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+                "No expected response for optional command {} on {}",
+                payload, host
+            )))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn read_expected_response(
+    stream: &mut TcpStream,
+    host: &str,
+    payload: &str,
+    expected: &[&str],
+) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    for _ in 0..MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS {
+        let response = match read_packet(stream) {
+            Ok(resp) => resp,
+            Err(err) => {
+                return Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+                    "Failed to read Arylic TCP response for {} (command {}): {}",
+                    host, payload, err
+                )));
+            }
+        };
+        if expected.iter().any(|prefix| response.starts_with(prefix)) {
+            return Ok(response);
+        }
+
+        debug!(
+            "Ignoring unsolicited Arylic payload from {}: {}",
+            host, response
+        );
+    }
+
+    Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+        "No expected response for command {} on {}",
+        payload, host
+    )))
+}
+
+pub fn send_command_required(
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+    timeout: Duration,
+    payload: &str,
+    expected: &[&str],
+) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    match send_command_with_mode(
+        host,
+        port,
+        timeout,
+        payload,
+        ResponseMode::Required(expected),
+    )? {
+        Some(s) => Ok(s),
+        None => Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Arylic TCP: no response payload for required command {}",
+            payload
+        ))),
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn send_command_optional(
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+    timeout: Duration,
+    payload: &str,
+    expected: &[&str],
+) -> Result<Option<String>, ControlPointError> {
+    send_command_with_mode(
+        host,
+        port,
+        timeout,
+        payload,
+        ResponseMode::Optional(expected),
+    )
+}
+
+pub fn send_command_no_response(
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+    timeout: Duration,
+    payload: &str,
+) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+    send_command_with_mode(host, port, timeout, payload, ResponseMode::None).map(|_| ())
+}
+
+fn connect(host: &str, port: u16, timeout: Duration) -> Result<TcpStream, ControlPointError> {
+    if let Ok(mut last_time) = last_command_time().lock() {
+        let elapsed = last_time.elapsed();
+        if elapsed < Duration::from_millis(200) {
+            let wait = Duration::from_millis(200) - elapsed;
+            debug!(
+                "Waiting {:?} before sending command to respect 200ms interval",
+                wait
+            );
+            thread::sleep(wait);
+        }
+        *last_time = Instant::now();
+    }
+
+    let address = if host.contains(':') {
+        format!("[{}]:{}", host, port)
+    } else {
+        format!("{host}:{port}")
+    };
+
+    let mut last_err = None;
+    for addr in address.to_socket_addrs().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Failed to resolve {}:{}", host, port))
+    })? {
+        match TcpStream::connect_timeout(&addr, timeout) {
+            Ok(stream) => {
+                stream
+                    .set_read_timeout(Some(timeout))
+                    .and_then(|_| stream.set_write_timeout(Some(timeout)))
+                    .map_err(|_| {
+                        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+                            "Failed to set socket timeouts for {}",
+                            address
+                        ))
+                    })?;
+
+                return Ok(stream);
+            }
+            Err(err) => {
+                last_err = Some((addr, err));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    match last_err {
+        Some((addr, err)) => Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Failed to connect to {} via {}: {}",
+            host, addr, err
+        ))),
+        None => Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "No socket addresses resolved for {}",
+            address
+        ))),
+    }
+}
+
+fn encode_packet(payload: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let bytes = payload.as_bytes();
+    let len = bytes.len() as u32;
+    let checksum = bytes.iter().fold(0u32, |acc, b| acc + (*b as u32));
+
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(4 + 4 + 4 + 8 + bytes.len());
+    out.extend_from_slice(&PACKET_HEADER);
+    out.extend_from_slice(&len.to_le_bytes());
+    out.extend_from_slice(&checksum.to_le_bytes());
+    out.extend_from_slice(&RESERVED_BYTES);
+    out.extend_from_slice(bytes);
+    out
+}
+
+fn read_packet(stream: &mut TcpStream) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    let mut header = [0u8; 4];
+    stream
+        .read_exact(&mut header)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?;
+    if header != PACKET_HEADER {
+        return Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Invalid Arylic packet header: {:x?}",
+            header
+        )));
+    }
+
+    let mut len_buf = [0u8; 4];
+    stream
+        .read_exact(&mut len_buf)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?;
+    let len = u32::from_le_bytes(len_buf) as usize;
+
+    let mut checksum_buf = [0u8; 4];
+    stream
+        .read_exact(&mut checksum_buf)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?;
+    let expected_checksum = u32::from_le_bytes(checksum_buf);
+
+    let mut reserved = [0u8; 8];
+    stream
+        .read_exact(&mut reserved)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?;
+
+    let mut payload = vec![0u8; len];
+    stream
+        .read_exact(&mut payload)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?;
+
+    let actual_checksum = payload.iter().fold(0u32, |acc, b| acc + (*b as u32));
+    if actual_checksum != expected_checksum {
+        warn!(
+            "Arylic payload checksum mismatch: expected={} actual={}",
+            expected_checksum, actual_checksum
+        );
+    }
+
+    Ok(String::from_utf8(payload)
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("{}", e)))?)
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/arylic_tcp.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/arylic_tcp.rs
@@ -1,659 +0,0 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::io::{Read, Write};
-use std::net::{Shutdown, TcpStream, ToSocketAddrs};
-use std::sync::{Mutex, OnceLock};
-use std::thread;
-use std::time::Duration;
-
-use anyhow::anyhow;
-use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use tracing::{debug, warn};
-
-use crate::capabilities::{
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
-    VolumeControl,
-};
-use crate::linkplay::{extract_linkplay_host, parse_flat_json};
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo};
-use std::time::Instant;
-
-// Garde global pour respecter le délai de 200ms entre commandes
-static LAST_COMMAND_TIME: OnceLock<Mutex<Instant>> = OnceLock::new();
-
-fn last_command_time() -> &'static Mutex<Instant> {
-    LAST_COMMAND_TIME.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(Instant::now()))
-}
-
-const ARYLIC_TCP_PORT: u16 = 8899;
-const PACKET_HEADER: [u8; 4] = [0x18, 0x96, 0x18, 0x20];
-const RESERVED_BYTES: [u8; 8] = [0; 8];
-const MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS: usize = 8;
-const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 3;
-
-static DETECTION_CACHE: OnceLock<Mutex<HashMap<String, bool>>> = OnceLock::new();
-
-/// Mode d’attente de réponse pour une commande TCP Arylic.
-enum ResponseMode<'a> {
-    /// On n’attend aucune réponse (fire-and-forget).
-    None,
-    /// On attend une réponse, mais si la lecture échoue immédiatement, on traite comme succès.
-    Optional(&'a [&'a str]),
-    /// On attend une réponse, et l’absence de réponse est une erreur.
-    Required(&'a [&'a str]),
-}
-
-fn detection_cache() -> &'static Mutex<HashMap<String, bool>> {
-    DETECTION_CACHE.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(HashMap::new()))
-}
-
-/// Probe whether the renderer at the given location exposes the Arylic TCP API.
-pub(crate) fn detect_arylic_tcp(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> bool {
-    let Some(host) = extract_linkplay_host(location) else {
-        return false;
-    };
-
-    if let Ok(cache) = detection_cache().lock() {
-        if let Some(result) = cache.get(&host) {
-            return *result;
-        }
-    }
-
-    let detected = match try_detect_tcp(&host, timeout) {
-        Ok(_) => true,
-        Err(err) => {
-            debug!(
-                "Arylic TCP detection failed for {} (host={}): {}",
-                location, host, err
-            );
-            false
-        }
-    };
-
-    if let Ok(mut cache) = detection_cache().lock() {
-        cache.insert(host, detected);
-    }
-
-    detected
-}
-
-fn try_detect_tcp(host: &str, timeout: Duration) -> Result<()> {
-    let payload = send_command_required(
-        host,
-        ARYLIC_TCP_PORT,
-        timeout,
-        "MCU+INF+GET",
-        &["AXX+INF+", "AXX+DEV+"],
-    )?;
-
-    if payload.starts_with("AXX+INF+") || payload.starts_with("AXX+DEV+") {
-        Ok(())
-    } else {
-        Err(anyhow!(
-            "Unexpected INF response from {}: {}",
-            host,
-            payload
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-/// Backend speaking the Arylic TCP control protocol (port 8899).
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    pub info: RendererInfo,
-    host: String,
-    port: u16,
-    timeout: Duration,
-}
-
-impl ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: RendererInfo) -> Result<Self> {
-        let host = extract_linkplay_host(&info.location)
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer {} has no valid LOCATION host", info.udn))?;
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            info,
-            host,
-            port: ARYLIC_TCP_PORT,
-            timeout: Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS),
-        })
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        &self.info.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.info.friendly_name
-    }
-
-    fn send_required(&self, cmd: &str, expected: &[&str]) -> Result<String> {
-        send_command_required(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd, expected)
-    }
-
-    fn send_optional(&self, cmd: &str, expected: &[&str]) -> Result<Option<String>> {
-        send_command_optional(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd, expected)
-    }
-
-    fn send_no_response(&self, cmd: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        send_command_no_response(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd)
-    }
-
-    fn fetch_playback_info(&self) -> Result<ArylicPlaybackInfo> {
-        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+PINFGET", &["AXX+PLY+INF"])?;
-        match parse_playback_info(&payload) {
-            Ok(info) => Ok(info),
-            Err(err) => {
-                debug!(
-                    "Failed to parse Arylic playback info for {}: {}",
-                    self.host, err
-                );
-                Err(err)
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn format_volume_command(value: u16) -> String {
-        format!("MCU+VOL+{:03}", value.min(100))
-    }
-
-    fn parse_volume_payload(payload: &str) -> Result<u16> {
-        let data = payload
-            .strip_prefix("AXX+VOL+")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Unexpected volume response: {}", payload))?;
-        let value: u16 = data
-            .trim()
-            .parse()
-            .with_context(|| format!("Invalid volume value: {}", data))?;
-        Ok(value.min(100))
-    }
-
-    fn parse_mute_payload(payload: &str) -> Result<bool> {
-        let data = payload
-            .strip_prefix("AXX+MUT+")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Unexpected mute response: {}", payload))?;
-        match data.trim() {
-            "000" | "0" => Ok(false),
-            "001" | "1" => Ok(true),
-            other => Err(anyhow!("Invalid mute value: {}", other)),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl TransportControl for ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, _uri: &str, _meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        Err(anyhow!(
-            "Arylic TCP backend does not support direct URL loading. Use UPnP AVTransport SetAVTransportURI instead."
-        ))
-    }
-
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_no_response("MCU+PLY-PLA")
-    }
-
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let _ = self.send_optional("MCU+PLY-PUS", &["AXX+PLY+"])?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_no_response("MCU+PLY-STP")
-    }
-
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let _ = parse_hhmmss(hhmmss)?;
-        Err(anyhow!(
-            "Arylic TCP seek_rel_time is not implemented yet for this device."
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-impl VolumeControl for ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        if let Ok(info) = self.fetch_playback_info() {
-            if let Some(vol) = info.volume {
-                return Ok(vol);
-            }
-            debug!(
-                "Arylic playback info for {} missing volume, falling back to VOL GET",
-                self.host
-            );
-        }
-        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+VOL+GET", &["AXX+VOL+"])?;
-        Self::parse_volume_payload(&payload)
-    }
-
-    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        let command = Self::format_volume_command(v);
-        let _ = self.send_optional(&command, &["AXX+VOL+"])?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        if let Ok(info) = self.fetch_playback_info() {
-            if let Some(mute) = info.mute {
-                return Ok(mute);
-            }
-            debug!(
-                "Arylic playback info for {} missing mute, falling back to MUT GET",
-                self.host
-            );
-        }
-        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+MUT+GET", &["AXX+MUT+"])?;
-        Self::parse_mute_payload(&payload)
-    }
-
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        let command = if m { "MCU+MUT+001" } else { "MCU+MUT+000" };
-        let payload = self.send_required(command, &["AXX+MUT+"])?;
-        let _ = Self::parse_mute_payload(&payload)?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackStatus for ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
-        let info = self.fetch_playback_info()?;
-        Ok(info.playback_state())
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackPosition for ArylicTcpRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
-        let info = self.fetch_playback_info()?;
-        Ok(info.position_info())
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-struct ArylicPlaybackInfo {
-    status_raw: String,
-    curpos_ms: u64,
-    totlen_ms: u64,
-    volume: Option<u16>,
-    mute: Option<bool>,
-    playlist_size: Option<u32>,
-    track_index: Option<u32>,
-}
-
-impl ArylicPlaybackInfo {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> PlaybackState {
-        match self.status_raw.as_str() {
-            "play" => PlaybackState::Playing,
-            "pause" => PlaybackState::Paused,
-            "stop" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
-            other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn position_info(&self) -> PlaybackPositionInfo {
-        let track = match (self.track_index, self.playlist_size) {
-            (Some(idx), Some(count)) if count > 0 => Some(idx.min(count)),
-            (Some(idx), _) => Some(idx),
-            _ => None,
-        };
-
-        PlaybackPositionInfo {
-            track,
-            rel_time: Some(format_hms(self.curpos_ms / 1000)),
-            abs_time: None,
-            track_duration: if self.totlen_ms > 0 {
-                Some(format_hms(self.totlen_ms / 1000))
-            } else {
-                None
-            },
-            track_metadata: None,
-            track_uri: None,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn parse_playback_info(payload: &str) -> Result<ArylicPlaybackInfo> {
-    let json_blob = payload
-        .strip_prefix("AXX+PLY+INF")
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Unexpected playback info prefix: {}", payload))?;
-
-    let json_blob = json_blob.trim_end_matches('&').trim();
-    let map = parse_flat_json(json_blob)?;
-
-    let status_raw = map
-        .get("status")
-        .cloned()
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Playback info missing `status` field"))?;
-
-    let curpos_ms = parse_u64_field(&map, "curpos")?;
-    let totlen_ms = parse_u64_field(&map, "totlen")?;
-
-    let volume = match map.get("vol") {
-        Some(raw) => match raw.parse::<u16>() {
-            Ok(value) => Some(value.min(100)),
-            Err(err) => {
-                debug!("Invalid Arylic `vol` value {}: {}", raw, err);
-                None
-            }
-        },
-        None => None,
-    };
-
-    let mute = match map.get("mute") {
-        Some(value) if value == "1" => Some(true),
-        Some(value) if value == "0" => Some(false),
-        Some(other) => {
-            debug!("Invalid Arylic `mute` value {}", other);
-            None
-        }
-        None => None,
-    };
-
-    let playlist_size = map
-        .get("plicount")
-        .and_then(|raw| match raw.parse::<u32>() {
-            Ok(count) if count > 0 => Some(count),
-            Ok(_) => None,
-            Err(err) => {
-                debug!("Invalid Arylic `plicount` value {}: {}", raw, err);
-                None
-            }
-        });
-
-    let track_index = map.get("plicurr").and_then(|raw| match raw.parse::<u32>() {
-        Ok(idx) if idx > 0 => Some(idx),
-        Ok(_) => None,
-        Err(err) => {
-            debug!("Invalid Arylic `plicurr` value {}: {}", raw, err);
-            None
-        }
-    });
-
-    Ok(ArylicPlaybackInfo {
-        status_raw,
-        curpos_ms,
-        totlen_ms,
-        volume,
-        mute,
-        playlist_size,
-        track_index,
-    })
-}
-
-fn parse_u64_field(map: &HashMap<String, String>, key: &str) -> Result<u64> {
-    let raw = map
-        .get(key)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Playback info missing `{}` field", key))?;
-    raw.parse::<u64>()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid `{}` value: {}", key, raw))
-}
-
-fn connect(host: &str, port: u16, timeout: Duration) -> Result<TcpStream> {
-    if let Ok(mut last_time) = last_command_time().lock() {
-        let elapsed = last_time.elapsed();
-        if elapsed < Duration::from_millis(200) {
-            let wait = Duration::from_millis(200) - elapsed;
-            debug!(
-                "Waiting {:?} before sending command to respect 200ms interval",
-                wait
-            );
-            thread::sleep(wait);
-        }
-        *last_time = Instant::now();
-    }
-
-    let address = if host.contains(':') {
-        format!("[{}]:{}", host, port)
-    } else {
-        format!("{host}:{port}")
-    };
-
-    let mut last_err = None;
-    for addr in address
-        .to_socket_addrs()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Failed to resolve {}:{}", host, port))?
-    {
-        match TcpStream::connect_timeout(&addr, timeout) {
-            Ok(stream) => {
-                stream
-                    .set_read_timeout(Some(timeout))
-                    .and_then(|_| stream.set_write_timeout(Some(timeout)))
-                    .with_context(|| format!("Failed to set socket timeouts for {}", address))?;
-                return Ok(stream);
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                last_err = Some((addr, err));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    match last_err {
-        Some((addr, err)) => Err(anyhow!(
-            "Failed to connect to {} via {}: {}",
-            host,
-            addr,
-            err
-        )),
-        None => Err(anyhow!("No socket addresses resolved for {}", address)),
-    }
-}
-
-fn encode_packet(payload: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
-    let bytes = payload.as_bytes();
-    let len = bytes.len() as u32;
-    let checksum = bytes.iter().fold(0u32, |acc, b| acc + (*b as u32));
-
-    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(4 + 4 + 4 + 8 + bytes.len());
-    out.extend_from_slice(&PACKET_HEADER);
-    out.extend_from_slice(&len.to_le_bytes());
-    out.extend_from_slice(&checksum.to_le_bytes());
-    out.extend_from_slice(&RESERVED_BYTES);
-    out.extend_from_slice(bytes);
-    out
-}
-
-fn read_packet(stream: &mut TcpStream) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut header = [0u8; 4];
-    stream.read_exact(&mut header)?;
-    if header != PACKET_HEADER {
-        return Err(anyhow!("Invalid Arylic packet header: {:x?}", header));
-    }
-
-    let mut len_buf = [0u8; 4];
-    stream.read_exact(&mut len_buf)?;
-    let len = u32::from_le_bytes(len_buf) as usize;
-
-    let mut checksum_buf = [0u8; 4];
-    stream.read_exact(&mut checksum_buf)?;
-    let expected_checksum = u32::from_le_bytes(checksum_buf);
-
-    let mut reserved = [0u8; 8];
-    stream.read_exact(&mut reserved)?;
-
-    let mut payload = vec![0u8; len];
-    stream.read_exact(&mut payload)?;
-
-    let actual_checksum = payload.iter().fold(0u32, |acc, b| acc + (*b as u32));
-    if actual_checksum != expected_checksum {
-        warn!(
-            "Arylic payload checksum mismatch: expected={} actual={}",
-            expected_checksum, actual_checksum
-        );
-    }
-
-    Ok(String::from_utf8(payload)?)
-}
-
-fn format_hms(secs: u64) -> String {
-    let h = secs / 3600;
-    let m = (secs % 3600) / 60;
-    let s = secs % 60;
-    format!("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", h, m, s)
-}
-
-fn parse_hhmmss(value: &str) -> Result<u64> {
-    let parts: Vec<_> = value.split(':').collect();
-    if parts.len() != 3 {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-            "Invalid time format `{}`. Expected HH:MM:SS.",
-            value
-        ));
-    }
-
-    let hours: u64 = parts[0]
-        .parse()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid hour component in {}", value))?;
-    let minutes: u64 = parts[1]
-        .parse()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid minute component in {}", value))?;
-    let seconds: u64 = parts[2]
-        .parse()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid second component in {}", value))?;
-
-    if minutes > 59 || seconds > 59 {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-            "Invalid HH:MM:SS value `{}`. Minutes and seconds must be < 60.",
-            value
-        ));
-    }
-
-    Ok(hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds)
-}
-
-fn send_command_with_mode(
-    host: &str,
-    port: u16,
-    timeout: Duration,
-    payload: &str,
-    mode: ResponseMode<'_>,
-) -> Result<Option<String>> {
-    let mut stream = connect(host, port, timeout)?;
-    let packet = encode_packet(payload);
-
-    stream.write_all(&packet).with_context(|| {
-        format!(
-            "Failed to write Arylic TCP packet for {}: {}",
-            host, payload
-        )
-    })?;
-    stream.flush().with_context(|| {
-        format!(
-            "Failed to flush Arylic TCP stream for {} (command {})",
-            host, payload
-        )
-    })?;
-
-    match mode {
-        ResponseMode::None => {
-            debug!(
-                "Arylic TCP fire-and-forget command sent to {}: {}",
-                host, payload
-            );
-            let _ = stream.shutdown(Shutdown::Write);
-            Ok(None)
-        }
-        ResponseMode::Required(expected) => {
-            read_expected_response(&mut stream, host, payload, expected).map(Some)
-        }
-        ResponseMode::Optional(expected) => {
-            for _ in 0..MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS {
-                match read_packet(&mut stream) {
-                    Ok(response) => {
-                        if expected.iter().any(|p| response.starts_with(p)) {
-                            return Ok(Some(response));
-                        }
-                        debug!(
-                            "Ignoring unsolicited Arylic payload from {}: {}",
-                            host, response
-                        );
-                    }
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        debug!(
-                            "No full response for Arylic TCP command {} on {}: {}. Treating as success and relying on PINFGET.",
-                            payload, host, err
-                        );
-                        return Ok(None);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            Err(anyhow!(
-                "No expected response for optional command {} on {}",
-                payload,
-                host
-            ))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn read_expected_response(
-    stream: &mut TcpStream,
-    host: &str,
-    payload: &str,
-    expected: &[&str],
-) -> Result<String> {
-    for _ in 0..MAX_RESPONSE_ATTEMPTS {
-        let response = match read_packet(stream) {
-            Ok(resp) => resp,
-            Err(err) => {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "Failed to read Arylic TCP response for {} (command {}): {}",
-                    host,
-                    payload,
-                    err
-                ));
-            }
-        };
-        if expected.iter().any(|prefix| response.starts_with(prefix)) {
-            return Ok(response);
-        }
-
-        debug!(
-            "Ignoring unsolicited Arylic payload from {}: {}",
-            host, response
-        );
-    }
-
-    Err(anyhow!(
-        "No expected response for command {} on {}",
-        payload,
-        host
-    ))
-}
-
-fn send_command_required(
-    host: &str,
-    port: u16,
-    timeout: Duration,
-    payload: &str,
-    expected: &[&str],
-) -> Result<String> {
-    match send_command_with_mode(
-        host,
-        port,
-        timeout,
-        payload,
-        ResponseMode::Required(expected),
-    )? {
-        Some(s) => Ok(s),
-        None => Err(anyhow!(
-            "Arylic TCP: no response payload for required command {}",
-            payload
-        )),
-    }
-}
-
-fn send_command_optional(
-    host: &str,
-    port: u16,
-    timeout: Duration,
-    payload: &str,
-    expected: &[&str],
-) -> Result<Option<String>> {
-    send_command_with_mode(
-        host,
-        port,
-        timeout,
-        payload,
-        ResponseMode::Optional(expected),
-    )
-}
-
-fn send_command_no_response(host: &str, port: u16, timeout: Duration, payload: &str) -> Result<()> {
-    send_command_with_mode(host, port, timeout, payload, ResponseMode::None).map(|_| ())
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/capabilities.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/capabilities.rs
@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-// pmocontrol/src/capabilities.rs
-use anyhow::Result;
-
-/// Logical playback position across backends.
-///
-/// Times peuvent être soit en secondes, soit en "HH:MM:SS" selon ce que
-/// tu préfères pour la façade; ici je reste en String pour garder la
-/// même granularité que UPnP sans parser.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct PlaybackPositionInfo {
-    pub track: Option<u32>,
-    pub rel_time: Option<String>,       // position courante
-    pub abs_time: Option<String>,       // si pertinent
-    pub track_duration: Option<String>, // durée totale
-    pub track_metadata: Option<String>, // DIDL-Lite XML from GetPositionInfo
-    pub track_uri: Option<String>,      // Current track URI
-}
-pub trait PlaybackPosition {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo>;
-}
-
-/// High-level playback state across backends.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum PlaybackState {
-    Stopped,
-    Playing,
-    Paused,
-    Transitioning,
-    NoMedia,
-    /// Backend-specific or unknown state string.
-    Unknown(String),
-}
-
-impl PlaybackState {
-    /// Map a raw UPnP AVTransport CurrentTransportState string
-    /// to a logical PlaybackState.
-    pub fn from_upnp_state(raw: &str) -> Self {
-        let s = raw.trim().to_ascii_uppercase();
-        match s.as_str() {
-            "STOPPED" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
-            "PLAYING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
-            "PAUSED_PLAYBACK" => PlaybackState::Paused,
-            // States from the AVTransport spec that we normalize:
-            "PAUSED_RECORDING" => PlaybackState::Paused,
-            "RECORDING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
-            // Common vendor-specific states:
-            "TRANSITIONING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
-            "BUFFERING" | "PREPARING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
-            "NO_MEDIA_PRESENT" => PlaybackState::NoMedia,
-            _ => PlaybackState::Unknown(raw.to_string()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns a human-readable label for the playback state.
-    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
-        match self {
-            PlaybackState::Stopped => "STOPPED",
-            PlaybackState::Playing => "PLAYING",
-            PlaybackState::Paused => "PAUSED",
-            PlaybackState::Transitioning => "TRANSITIONING",
-            PlaybackState::NoMedia => "NO_MEDIA",
-            PlaybackState::Unknown(s) => s.as_str(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Generic abstraction for playback status (transport state).
-///
-/// For UPnP AV, this is backed by AVTransport::GetTransportInfo.
-/// For OpenHome, a future implementation will adapt from OH Info/Time.
-pub trait PlaybackStatus {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState>;
-}
-
-/// Abstraction générique des capacités de transport (lecture / pause / stop / seek)
-/// indépendamment du protocole sous-jacent (UPnP AV, OpenHome, ...).
-pub trait TransportControl {
-    /// Set la ressource à lire (URI + métadonnées) et/ou commence la lecture.
-    ///
-    /// Selon l'implémentation, cette méthode peut soit :
-    /// - faire un "Set...URI" + "Play" (cas UPnP AV),
-    /// - ou configurer la file de lecture (cas OpenHome, etc.).
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Démarre ou reprend la lecture.
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Met la lecture en pause.
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Arrête la lecture.
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Seek à un temps relatif (HH:MM:SS) si supporté.
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()>;
-}
-
-/// Abstraction générique des capacités de contrôle de volume / mute.
-pub trait VolumeControl {
-    /// Retourne le volume logique courant (échelle dépendante du renderer).
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16>;
-
-    /// Définit le volume logique (échelle dépendante du renderer).
-    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<()>;
-
-    /// Indique si le renderer est muet (mute activé).
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool>;
-
-    /// Active ou désactive le mute.
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()>;
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/chromecast_discovery.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/chromecast_discovery.rs
@@ -1,285 +0,0 @@
-//! Chromecast device discovery via mDNS.
-//!
-//! Chromecast devices advertise themselves using mDNS (Multicast DNS) on the
-//! `_googlecast._tcp.local` service, unlike UPnP devices which use SSDP.
-//! This module handles the discovery of Chromecast devices and converts them
-//! into `DeviceUpdate` events that can be processed by the `DeviceRegistry`.
-
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::net::IpAddr;
-use std::time::SystemTime;
-
-use crate::registry::DeviceUpdate;
-use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol, RendererId};
-use tracing::{debug, warn};
-
-/// Information about a discovered Chromecast device from mDNS.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct DiscoveredChromecast {
-    pub friendly_name: String,
-    pub host: String,
-    pub port: u16,
-    pub model: Option<String>,
-    pub uuid: String,
-    pub manufacturer: Option<String>,
-    pub last_seen: SystemTime,
-}
-
-/// Manages the discovery and tracking of Chromecast devices via mDNS.
-pub struct ChromecastDiscoveryManager {
-    discovered_devices: HashMap<String, DiscoveredChromecast>,
-}
-
-impl ChromecastDiscoveryManager {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            discovered_devices: HashMap::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Adds or updates a discovered Chromecast device.
-    pub fn update_device(&mut self, device: DiscoveredChromecast) {
-        let uuid = device.uuid.clone();
-        self.discovered_devices.insert(uuid, device);
-    }
-
-    /// Retrieves a discovered device by UUID.
-    pub fn get_device(&self, uuid: &str) -> Option<&DiscoveredChromecast> {
-        self.discovered_devices.get(uuid)
-    }
-
-    /// Lists all discovered devices.
-    pub fn list_devices(&self) -> Vec<&DiscoveredChromecast> {
-        self.discovered_devices.values().collect()
-    }
-}
-
-/// Processes an mDNS response and converts it into a `DeviceUpdate` event.
-///
-/// This function parses mDNS service discovery responses for Chromecast
-/// devices and creates the appropriate update event for the device registry.
-pub fn process_mdns_response(response: mdns::Response) -> Option<DeviceUpdate> {
-    // Extract basic information from the mDNS response
-    let service_name = response.records().filter_map(|r| {
-        if let mdns::RecordKind::PTR(ref name) = r.kind {
-            Some(name.clone())
-        } else {
-            None
-        }
-    }).next()?;
-
-    debug!("Processing mDNS response for service: {}", service_name);
-
-    // Extract IP addresses
-    let addresses: Vec<IpAddr> = response
-        .records()
-        .filter_map(|r| match r.kind {
-            mdns::RecordKind::A(addr) => Some(IpAddr::V4(addr)),
-            mdns::RecordKind::AAAA(addr) => Some(IpAddr::V6(addr)),
-            _ => None,
-        })
-        .collect();
-
-    if addresses.is_empty() {
-        warn!("No IP address found for Chromecast device: {}", service_name);
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    // Prefer IPv4 addresses
-    let host = addresses
-        .iter()
-        .find(|addr| matches!(addr, IpAddr::V4(_)))
-        .or_else(|| addresses.first())
-        .map(|addr| addr.to_string())?;
-
-    // Extract port from SRV record
-    let port = response
-        .records()
-        .filter_map(|r| {
-            if let mdns::RecordKind::SRV { port, .. } = r.kind {
-                Some(port)
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
-        })
-        .next()
-        .unwrap_or(8009); // Default Chromecast port
-
-    // Extract TXT records for additional metadata
-    let txt_records: HashMap<String, String> = response
-        .records()
-        .filter_map(|r| {
-            if let mdns::RecordKind::TXT(ref data) = r.kind {
-                Some(data.clone())
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
-        })
-        .flat_map(|data| {
-            // data is Vec<String>, each string is "key=value"
-            data.into_iter().filter_map(|s| {
-                let parts: Vec<&str> = s.splitn(2, '=').collect();
-                if parts.len() == 2 {
-                    Some((parts[0].to_string(), parts[1].to_string()))
-                } else {
-                    None
-                }
-            })
-        })
-        .collect();
-
-    // Extract metadata from TXT records
-    let model = txt_records.get("md").cloned();
-    let uuid = txt_records
-        .get("id")
-        .cloned()
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("chromecast-{}-{}", host, port));
-    let manufacturer = Some("Google Inc.".to_string());
-
-    // Extract friendly name from TXT record "fn" if available
-    // Otherwise, extract from service instance name (PTR record)
-    let friendly_name = txt_records
-        .get("fn")
-        .cloned()
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
-            // Fallback: extract from service name, removing the UUID suffix if present
-            service_name
-                .split("._googlecast._tcp.local")
-                .next()
-                .unwrap_or("Unknown Chromecast")
-                .split('-')
-                .take_while(|part| part.len() != 32) // Skip 32-char hex UUID
-                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                .join("-")
-                .trim()
-                .to_string()
-        });
-
-    debug!(
-        "Discovered Chromecast: {} at {}:{} (UUID: {}, Model: {:?})",
-        friendly_name, host, port, uuid, model
-    );
-
-    // Create RendererInfo for the registry
-    let renderer_info = build_renderer_info(
-        &uuid,
-        &friendly_name,
-        &host,
-        port,
-        model.as_deref(),
-        manufacturer.as_deref(),
-    );
-
-    Some(DeviceUpdate::RendererOnline(renderer_info))
-}
-
-/// Builds a `RendererInfo` structure for a Chromecast device.
-fn build_renderer_info(
-    uuid: &str,
-    friendly_name: &str,
-    host: &str,
-    port: u16,
-    model: Option<&str>,
-    manufacturer: Option<&str>,
-) -> RendererInfo {
-    let udn = format!("uuid:{}", uuid);
-    let id = RendererId(udn.clone());
-
-    // Build Chromecast capabilities
-    let mut capabilities = RendererCapabilities::default();
-    capabilities.has_chromecast = true;
-
-    // The location URL for Chromecast is just the host:port
-    // (not a real HTTP endpoint like UPnP, but useful for identification)
-    let location = format!("chromecast://{}:{}", host, port);
-
-    RendererInfo {
-        id,
-        udn,
-        friendly_name: friendly_name.to_string(),
-        model_name: model.unwrap_or("Chromecast").to_string(),
-        manufacturer: manufacturer.unwrap_or("Google Inc.").to_string(),
-        protocol: RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly,
-        capabilities,
-        location,
-        server_header: "Chromecast".to_string(),
-        online: true,
-        last_seen: SystemTime::now(),
-        max_age: 1800, // 30 minutes
-        // All UPnP/OpenHome fields are None for Chromecast
-        avtransport_service_type: None,
-        avtransport_control_url: None,
-        rendering_control_service_type: None,
-        rendering_control_control_url: None,
-        connection_manager_service_type: None,
-        connection_manager_control_url: None,
-        oh_playlist_service_type: None,
-        oh_playlist_control_url: None,
-        oh_playlist_event_sub_url: None,
-        oh_info_service_type: None,
-        oh_info_control_url: None,
-        oh_info_event_sub_url: None,
-        oh_time_service_type: None,
-        oh_time_control_url: None,
-        oh_time_event_sub_url: None,
-        oh_volume_service_type: None,
-        oh_volume_control_url: None,
-        oh_radio_service_type: None,
-        oh_radio_control_url: None,
-        oh_product_service_type: None,
-        oh_product_control_url: None,
-    }
-}
-
-/// Extracts the host (IP address) from a Chromecast location URL.
-///
-/// The location format is `chromecast://host:port`.
-pub fn extract_host_from_location(location: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    if let Some(stripped) = location.strip_prefix("chromecast://") {
-        let host = stripped.split(':').next()?;
-        Some(host.to_string())
-    } else {
-        None
-    }
-}
-
-/// Extracts the port from a Chromecast location URL.
-///
-/// The location format is `chromecast://host:port`.
-pub fn extract_port_from_location(location: &str) -> Option<u16> {
-    if let Some(stripped) = location.strip_prefix("chromecast://") {
-        let port_str = stripped.split(':').nth(1)?;
-        port_str.parse().ok()
-    } else {
-        None
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_extract_host_from_location() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            extract_host_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100:8009"),
-            Some("192.168.1.100".to_string())
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            extract_host_from_location("http://192.168.1.100:8009"),
-            None
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_extract_port_from_location() {
-        assert_eq!(
-            extract_port_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100:8009"),
-            Some(8009)
-        );
-        assert_eq!(
-            extract_port_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100"),
-            None
-        );
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/connection_manager_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/connection_manager_client.rs
@@ -1,294 +0,0 @@
-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-
-use crate::soap_client::{SoapCallResult, invoke_upnp_action};
-use pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope;
-use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ConnectionManagerClient {
-    pub control_url: String,
-    pub service_type: String,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ProtocolInfo {
-    /// Liste brute des protocolInfo "source" (séparés par virgule dans UPnP)
-    pub source: Vec<String>,
-    /// Liste brute des protocolInfo "sink"
-    pub sink: Vec<String>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct ConnectionInfo {
-    pub rcs_id: i32,
-    pub av_transport_id: i32,
-    pub protocol_info: String,
-    pub peer_connection_manager: String,
-    pub peer_connection_id: i32,
-    pub direction: String,
-    pub status: String,
-}
-
-impl ConnectionManagerClient {
-    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            control_url,
-            service_type,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// GetProtocolInfo
-    pub fn get_protocol_info(&self) -> Result<ProtocolInfo> {
-        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
-            &self.control_url,
-            &self.service_type,
-            "GetProtocolInfo",
-            &[],
-        )?;
-
-        ensure_success("GetProtocolInfo", &call_result)?;
-
-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetProtocolInfo response"))?;
-
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "GetProtocolInfo returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetProtocolInfoResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing GetProtocolInfoResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-
-        let source_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "Source")?;
-        let sink_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "Sink")?;
-
-        Ok(ProtocolInfo {
-            source: split_list(&source_text),
-            sink: split_list(&sink_text),
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// GetCurrentConnectionIDs
-    pub fn get_current_connection_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<i32>> {
-        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
-            &self.control_url,
-            &self.service_type,
-            "GetCurrentConnectionIDs",
-            &[],
-        )?;
-
-        ensure_success("GetCurrentConnectionIDs", &call_result)?;
-
-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetCurrentConnectionIDs response"))?;
-
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "GetCurrentConnectionIDs returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let response =
-            find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetCurrentConnectionIDsResponse")
-                .ok_or_else(|| {
-                    anyhow!("Missing GetCurrentConnectionIDsResponse element in SOAP body")
-                })?;
-
-        let ids_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "ConnectionIDs")?;
-        let trimmed = ids_text.trim();
-
-        if trimmed.is_empty() || trimmed == "0" {
-            return Ok(Vec::new());
-        }
-
-        let mut ids = Vec::new();
-        for part in trimmed.split(',') {
-            let value = part.trim();
-            if value.is_empty() {
-                continue;
-            }
-            let parsed = value
-                .parse::<i32>()
-                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid ConnectionID value: {}", value))?;
-            ids.push(parsed);
-        }
-
-        Ok(ids)
-    }
-
-    /// GetCurrentConnectionInfo
-    pub fn get_current_connection_info(&self, connection_id: i32) -> Result<ConnectionInfo> {
-        let connection_id_str = connection_id.to_string();
-        let args = [("ConnectionID", connection_id_str.as_str())];
-
-        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
-            &self.control_url,
-            &self.service_type,
-            "GetCurrentConnectionInfo",
-            &args,
-        )?;
-
-        ensure_success("GetCurrentConnectionInfo", &call_result)?;
-
-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetCurrentConnectionInfo response"))?;
-
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "GetCurrentConnectionInfo returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let response =
-            find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetCurrentConnectionInfoResponse")
-                .ok_or_else(|| {
-                    anyhow!("Missing GetCurrentConnectionInfoResponse element in SOAP body")
-                })?;
-
-        let rcs_id = extract_child_text(response, "RcsID")?
-            .parse::<i32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid RcsID value in response"))?;
-
-        let av_transport_id = extract_child_text(response, "AVTransportID")?
-            .parse::<i32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid AVTransportID value in response"))?;
-
-        let protocol_info = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "ProtocolInfo")?;
-        let peer_connection_manager =
-            extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "PeerConnectionManager")?;
-
-        let peer_connection_id = extract_child_text(response, "PeerConnectionID")?
-            .parse::<i32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid PeerConnectionID value in response"))?;
-
-        let direction = extract_child_text(response, "Direction")?;
-        let status = extract_child_text(response, "Status")?;
-
-        Ok(ConnectionInfo {
-            rcs_id,
-            av_transport_id,
-            protocol_info,
-            peer_connection_manager,
-            peer_connection_id,
-            direction,
-            status,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-fn split_list(value: &str) -> Vec<String> {
-    value
-        .split(',')
-        .filter_map(|part| {
-            let trimmed = part.trim();
-            if trimmed.is_empty() {
-                None
-            } else {
-                Some(trimmed.to_string())
-            }
-        })
-        .collect()
-}
-
-fn ensure_success(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<()> {
-    if call_result.status.is_success() {
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{action} failed with UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-
-    Err(anyhow!(
-        "{action} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
-        call_result.status,
-        call_result.raw_body
-    ))
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-struct UpnpError {
-    pub error_code: u32,
-    pub error_description: String,
-}
-
-fn parse_upnp_error(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Option<UpnpError> {
-    let fault = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "Fault")?;
-    let detail = find_child_with_suffix(fault, "detail")?;
-    let upnp_error = find_child_with_suffix(detail, "UPnPError")?;
-
-    let error_code_elem = upnp_error.children.iter().find_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with("errorCode") => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    })?;
-
-    let binding = error_code_elem.get_text()?;
-    let error_code_text = binding.trim();
-    let error_code = error_code_text.parse::<u32>().ok()?;
-
-    let error_description = upnp_error
-        .children
-        .iter()
-        .find_map(|node| match node {
-            XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with("errorDescription") => {
-                elem.get_text().map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-            }
-            _ => None,
-        })
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(""));
-
-    Some(UpnpError {
-        error_code,
-        error_description,
-    })
-}
-
-fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(parent: &'a Element, suffix: &str) -> Option<&'a Element> {
-    parent.children.iter().find_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with(suffix) => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    })
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(parent, suffix)?;
-    if text.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!("{suffix} element missing text in response"));
-    }
-    Ok(text)
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text_allow_empty(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {suffix} element in response"))?;
-
-    let text = child
-        .get_text()
-        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-
-    Ok(text)
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/control_point.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/control_point.rs
--- a/pmocontrol/src/control_point/music_queue.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/control_point/music_queue.rs
@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
-
-use crate::control_point::openhome_queue::OpenHomeQueue;
-use crate::openhome_playlist::OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot;
-use crate::queue_backend::{PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueSnapshot};
-use crate::queue_interne::InternalQueue;
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub enum MusicQueue {
-    Internal(InternalQueue),
-    OpenHome(OpenHomeQueue),
-}
-
-impl MusicQueue {
-    pub fn new_internal() -> Self {
-        MusicQueue::Internal(InternalQueue::default())
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_snapshot(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(queue) => queue.openhome_playlist_snapshot(),
-            _ => Err(anyhow!(
-                "OpenHome playlist snapshot is only available for OpenHome queues"
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn replace_with_attached_playlist(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(queue) => queue.replace_entire_playlist(items, current_index),
-            MusicQueue::Internal(queue) => queue.replace_queue(items, current_index),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Default for MusicQueue {
-    fn default() -> Self {
-        MusicQueue::new_internal()
-    }
-}
-
-impl QueueBackend for MusicQueue {
-    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.queue_snapshot(),
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.queue_snapshot(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.set_index(index),
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.set_index(index),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn replace_queue(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.replace_queue(items, current_index),
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.replace_queue(items, current_index),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.get_item(index),
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.get_item(index),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.replace_item(index, item),
-            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.replace_item(index, item),
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/control_point/openhome_queue.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/control_point/openhome_queue.rs
@@ -1,971 +0,0 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
-use pmodidl::DIDLLite;
-use quick_xml::escape::escape;
-use tracing::debug;
-
-use crate::media_server::ServerId;
-use crate::model::RendererId;
-use crate::openhome_client::{
-    parse_track_metadata_from_didl, OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhTrackEntry,
-    OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID,
-};
-use crate::openhome_playlist::{OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot, OpenHomePlaylistTrack};
-use crate::queue_backend::{PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueSnapshot};
-
-/// Local mirror of an OpenHome playlist for a single renderer.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct OpenHomeQueue {
-    pub renderer_id: RendererId,
-    pub playlist: OhPlaylistClient,
-    pub info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
-    pub product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
-    pub items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-    pub current_index: Option<usize>,
-    track_ids: Vec<u32>,
-}
-
-impl OpenHomeQueue {
-    pub fn new(
-        renderer_id: RendererId,
-        playlist: OhPlaylistClient,
-        info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
-        product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            renderer_id,
-            playlist,
-            info_client,
-            product_client,
-            items: Vec::new(),
-            current_index: None,
-            track_ids: Vec::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Reload the full OpenHome playlist snapshot into local playback items.
-    ///
-    /// This mirrors the logic previously implemented by
-    /// `OpenHomeRenderer::snapshot_openhome_playlist` but converts entries
-    /// directly into `PlaybackItem`s.
-    pub fn refresh_from_openhome(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        let entries = self.playlist.read_all_tracks()?;
-        let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(entries.len());
-        let mut track_ids = Vec::with_capacity(entries.len());
-
-        for entry in &entries {
-            items.push(self.playback_item_from_entry(entry));
-            track_ids.push(entry.id);
-        }
-
-        // Try to get the currently playing track ID from the renderer
-        // If this fails (renderer doesn't support it or no track playing), we'll just set current_index to None
-        let current_id = self.playlist.id().ok();
-        //  {
-        //     // Try Info.Id() first
-        //     if let Ok(id) = client.id() {
-        //         debug!(
-        //             renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-        //             track_id = id,
-        //             "Detected current track via Info.Id()"
-        //         );
-        //         return Some(id);
-        //     }
-
-        //     // If Id() fails, try Track() to get the URI and search for it
-        //     if let Ok(track_info) = client.track() {
-        //         debug!(
-        //             renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-        //             track_uri = track_info.uri.as_str(),
-        //             "Info.Id() failed, searching for current track by URI from Info.Track()"
-        //         );
-        //         return entries
-        //             .iter()
-        //             .find(|entry| entry.uri == track_info.uri)
-        //             .map(|entry| {
-        //                 debug!(
-        //                     renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-        //                     found_id = entry.id,
-        //                     found_uri = entry.uri.as_str(),
-        //                     "Found current track ID by matching URI"
-        //                 );
-        //                 entry.id
-        //             });
-        //     }
-
-        //     debug!(
-        //         renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-        //         "Both Info.Id() and Info.Track() failed, cannot determine current track"
-        //     );
-        //     None
-        // });
-
-        // let current_index = current_id
-        //     .and_then(|id| track_ids.iter().position(|entry_id| *entry_id == id));
-
-        // Convert track ID to array index by searching in track_ids
-        let current_index = current_id
-            .and_then(|id| track_ids.iter().position(|&entry_id| entry_id == id));
-
-        self.items = items;
-        self.track_ids = track_ids;
-        self.current_index = current_index;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_snapshot(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-        let tracks = self
-            .items
-            .iter()
-            .zip(self.track_ids.iter())
-            .map(|(item, track_id)| OpenHomePlaylistTrack {
-                id: *track_id,
-                uri: item.uri.clone(),
-                title: item.metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.title.clone()),
-                artist: item.metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.artist.clone()),
-                album: item.metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.album.clone()),
-                album_art_uri: item.metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.album_art_uri.clone()),
-            })
-            .collect();
-
-        Ok(OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot {
-            renderer_id: self.renderer_id.0.clone(),
-            current_id: self
-                .current_index
-                .and_then(|idx| self.track_ids.get(idx).copied()),
-            current_index: self.current_index,
-            tracks,
-        })
-    }
-
-    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.items.len()
-    }
-
-    /// Return the list of OpenHome track IDs in order.
-    pub fn openhome_track_ids(&self) -> Vec<u32> {
-        self.track_ids.clone()
-    }
-
-    pub fn select_track_id(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
-        let index = match self.track_ids.iter().position(|&tid| tid == id) {
-            Some(pos) => pos,
-            None => {
-                self.refresh_from_openhome()?;
-                self.track_ids
-                    .iter()
-                    .position(|&tid| tid == id)
-                    .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Unknown OpenHome track id {}", id))?
-            }
-        };
-
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        self.playlist.play_id(id)?;
-        self.current_index = Some(index);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Selects and plays a track by its queue index (0-based).
-    pub fn select_track_index(&mut self, index: usize) -> Result<()> {
-        let track_id = self
-            .track_ids
-            .get(index)
-            .copied()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Index {} out of bounds (queue length: {})", index, self.track_ids.len()))?;
-
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        self.playlist.play_id(track_id)?;
-        self.current_index = Some(index);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub fn clear(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        self.playlist.delete_all()?;
-        self.items.clear();
-        self.track_ids.clear();
-        self.current_index = None;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Replace the remote OpenHome playlist entirely with `items`.
-    ///
-    /// This is used when attaching a media server playlist: we want to drop any
-    /// stale entries (even if they were inserted by another control point) and
-    /// rebuild the renderer playlist from scratch.
-    pub fn replace_entire_playlist(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        self.playlist.delete_all()?;
-        self.items.clear();
-        self.track_ids.clear();
-        self.current_index = None;
-
-        if items.is_empty() {
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        let mut rebuilt_items = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
-        let mut rebuilt_ids = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
-        let mut previous_id = OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID;
-
-        for item in items {
-            let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
-            let new_id = self.playlist.insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-            previous_id = new_id;
-            rebuilt_ids.push(new_id);
-            rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item, new_id));
-        }
-
-        let normalized = current_index
-            .filter(|&idx| idx < rebuilt_ids.len())
-            .or_else(|| Some(0));
-
-        self.items = rebuilt_items;
-        self.track_ids = rebuilt_ids;
-        self.current_index = normalized;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub fn add_playback_item(
-        &mut self,
-        item: PlaybackItem,
-        after_id: Option<u32>,
-        play: bool,
-    ) -> Result<u32> {
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        let metadata_xml = build_metadata_xml(&item);
-        let insert_after = match after_id {
-            Some(id) => id,
-            None => self.track_ids.last().copied().unwrap_or(0),
-        };
-
-        let new_id = self
-            .playlist
-            .insert(insert_after, &item.uri, &metadata_xml)?;
-
-        if play {
-            self.playlist.play_id(new_id)?;
-        }
-
-        let mut insert_index = after_id
-            .and_then(|id| {
-                if id == 0 {
-                    Some(0)
-                } else {
-                    self.track_ids
-                        .iter()
-                        .position(|tid| *tid == id)
-                        .map(|pos| pos + 1)
-                }
-            })
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.track_ids.len());
-
-        if insert_index > self.track_ids.len() {
-            insert_index = self.track_ids.len();
-        }
-
-        self.track_ids.insert(insert_index, new_id);
-        let stored_item = self.item_with_openhome_id(item, new_id);
-        self.items.insert(insert_index, stored_item);
-
-        self.current_index = if play {
-            Some(insert_index)
-        } else {
-            self.current_index
-                .map(|idx| if insert_index <= idx { idx + 1 } else { idx })
-        };
-
-        Ok(new_id)
-    }
-
-    fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(product) = &self.product_client {
-            product.ensure_playlist_source_selected().map_err(|err| {
-                anyhow!(
-                    "Failed to select OpenHome Playlist source for {}: {}",
-                    self.renderer_id.0,
-                    err
-                )
-            })
-        } else {
-            Ok(())
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn playback_item_from_entry(&self, entry: &OhTrackEntry) -> PlaybackItem {
-        let metadata = parse_track_metadata_from_didl(&entry.metadata_xml);
-        let didl_id = didl_id_from_metadata(&entry.metadata_xml)
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("openhome:{}", entry.id));
-        PlaybackItem {
-            media_server_id: ServerId(format!("openhome:{}", self.renderer_id.0)),
-            didl_id,
-            uri: entry.uri.clone(),
-            // OpenHome tracks don't provide protocolInfo, use generic default
-            protocol_info: "http-get:*:audio/*:*".to_string(),
-            metadata,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn item_with_openhome_id(&self, mut item: PlaybackItem, track_id: u32) -> PlaybackItem {
-        item.didl_id = format!("openhome:{}", track_id);
-        item.media_server_id = ServerId(format!("openhome:{}", self.renderer_id.0));
-        item
-    }
-
-    fn ensure_track_id(&mut self, index: usize) -> Result<u32> {
-        if index >= self.items.len() {
-            return Err(anyhow!("Index out of bounds in OpenHomeQueue: {}", index));
-        }
-
-        if let Some(id) = self.track_ids.get(index).copied() {
-            return Ok(id);
-        }
-
-        self.refresh_from_openhome()?;
-        self.track_ids
-            .get(index)
-            .copied()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Failed to resolve OpenHome track id at index {}", index))
-    }
-
-    /// CASE 1: Replace queue while preserving the currently playing item as first.
-    /// The currently playing item is NOT in the new playlist, so we keep it as the first
-    /// item and append the entire new playlist after it.
-    fn replace_queue_preserve_current(
-        &mut self,
-        new_items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        playing_idx: usize,
-        playing_id: u32,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        // Re-read the current playlist state to get fresh IDs
-        // This minimizes race conditions where IDs become invalid between our last refresh
-        // and now (due to UPnP events from the server)
-        let current_entries = self.playlist.read_all_tracks()?;
-        let current_ids: Vec<u32> = current_entries.iter().map(|e| e.id).collect();
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            fresh_id_count = current_ids.len(),
-            cached_id_count = self.track_ids.len(),
-            "Re-read playlist before deletions to avoid stale ID errors"
-        );
-
-        // Find the playing track in the fresh list
-        let fresh_playing_idx = current_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == playing_id);
-
-        if fresh_playing_idx.is_none() {
-            debug!(
-                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                playing_id,
-                "Playing track not found in fresh playlist - renderer state may have changed, aborting modification"
-            );
-            // The playing track is gone - don't try to manipulate the playlist
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        // Delete everything except the currently playing item (using fresh IDs)
-        for &track_id in current_ids.iter().rev() {
-            if track_id != playing_id {
-                self.playlist.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Rebuild: [currently_playing, new_items...]
-        let mut rebuilt_items = Vec::with_capacity(1 + new_items.len());
-        let mut rebuilt_ids = Vec::with_capacity(1 + new_items.len());
-
-        rebuilt_items.push(self.items[playing_idx].clone());
-        rebuilt_ids.push(playing_id);
-
-        let mut previous_id = playing_id;
-        for item in new_items {
-            let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
-            let new_id = self.playlist.insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-            previous_id = new_id;
-            rebuilt_ids.push(new_id);
-            rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item, new_id));
-        }
-
-        self.items = rebuilt_items;
-        self.track_ids = rebuilt_ids;
-        self.current_index = Some(0); // Currently playing is now at index 0
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            "Gentle sync completed: preserved playing track as first item (not in new playlist)"
-        );
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// CASE 2: Replace queue with double-LCS (before and after the pivot).
-    /// The currently playing item IS in the new playlist, so we use it as a pivot
-    /// and apply LCS separately to the portions before and after it.
-    fn replace_queue_with_pivot(
-        &mut self,
-        new_items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        pivot_idx_new: usize,
-        pivot_id: u32,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            pivot_id,
-            pivot_idx_new,
-            new_playlist_len = new_items.len(),
-            "Starting replace_queue_with_pivot - will re-read from OpenHome"
-        );
-
-        // Re-read the current playlist state from OpenHome (the ONLY source of truth)
-        // This is CRITICAL to avoid deleting IDs that no longer exist, which can
-        // put the renderer (upmpdcli) into a degraded state where Info.TransportState()
-        // starts returning HTTP 500 errors.
-        let current_entries = self.playlist.read_all_tracks()?;
-
-        // Convert entries to PlaybackItems - this is the REAL current state
-        let mut fresh_items = Vec::with_capacity(current_entries.len());
-        let mut fresh_ids = Vec::with_capacity(current_entries.len());
-        for entry in &current_entries {
-            fresh_items.push(self.playback_item_from_entry(entry));
-            fresh_ids.push(entry.id);
-        }
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            fresh_count = fresh_items.len(),
-            "Re-read playlist from OpenHome (source of truth)"
-        );
-
-        // Find the pivot in the fresh list
-        let fresh_pivot_idx = fresh_ids.iter().position(|&id| id == pivot_id);
-
-        if fresh_pivot_idx.is_none() {
-            debug!(
-                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                pivot_id,
-                "Pivot track not found in fresh playlist - renderer state changed, aborting"
-            );
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        let fresh_pivot_idx = fresh_pivot_idx.unwrap();
-
-        // Split fresh data at the pivot - use ONLY fresh data, ignore cache
-        let old_before: Vec<PlaybackItem> = fresh_items[..fresh_pivot_idx].to_vec();
-        let old_after: Vec<PlaybackItem> = fresh_items[fresh_pivot_idx + 1..].to_vec();
-        let old_ids_before: Vec<u32> = fresh_ids[..fresh_pivot_idx].to_vec();
-        let old_ids_after: Vec<u32> = fresh_ids[fresh_pivot_idx + 1..].to_vec();
-
-        let new_before = &new_items[..pivot_idx_new];
-        let new_after = &new_items[pivot_idx_new + 1..];
-
-        // LCS on the AFTER part (using fresh data from OpenHome)
-        let (keep_old_after, keep_new_after) = lcs_flags(&old_after, new_after);
-
-        // LCS on the BEFORE part (using fresh data from OpenHome)
-        let (keep_old_before, keep_new_before) = lcs_flags(&old_before, new_before);
-
-        // Delete items marked for deletion in AFTER part (reverse order)
-        for (idx, &track_id) in old_ids_after.iter().enumerate().rev() {
-            if !keep_old_after[idx] {
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    track_id,
-                    position = "AFTER pivot",
-                    "RENDERER OP: DeleteId({})",
-                    track_id
-                );
-                self.playlist.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Delete items marked for deletion in BEFORE part (reverse order)
-        for (idx, &track_id) in old_ids_before.iter().enumerate().rev() {
-            if !keep_old_before[idx] {
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    track_id,
-                    position = "BEFORE pivot",
-                    "RENDERER OP: DeleteId({})",
-                    track_id
-                );
-                self.playlist.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Rebuild the playlist: [BEFORE, PIVOT, AFTER]
-        let mut rebuilt_items = Vec::with_capacity(new_items.len());
-        let mut rebuilt_ids = Vec::with_capacity(new_items.len());
-
-        // Collect IDs of kept items in BEFORE part (in order)
-        let remaining_before: Vec<u32> = old_ids_before
-            .iter()
-            .enumerate()
-            .filter_map(|(idx, &id)| if keep_old_before[idx] { Some(id) } else { None })
-            .collect();
-
-        let mut remaining_before_idx = 0;
-        let mut previous_id = OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID;
-
-        // Rebuild BEFORE part
-        for (idx, item) in new_before.iter().enumerate() {
-            if keep_new_before[idx] {
-                let existing_id = remaining_before[remaining_before_idx];
-                remaining_before_idx += 1;
-                previous_id = existing_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(existing_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item.clone(), existing_id));
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    track_id = existing_id,
-                    position = "BEFORE pivot",
-                    "KEPT existing track ID {}",
-                    existing_id
-                );
-            } else {
-                let metadata = build_metadata_xml(item);
-                let new_id = self.playlist.insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    after_id = previous_id,
-                    new_id,
-                    position = "BEFORE pivot",
-                    "RENDERER OP: Insert(after={}) -> new_id={}",
-                    previous_id,
-                    new_id
-                );
-                previous_id = new_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(new_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item.clone(), new_id));
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Add PIVOT (keeps its ID!)
-        rebuilt_ids.push(pivot_id);
-        rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(new_items[pivot_idx_new].clone(), pivot_id));
-        previous_id = pivot_id;
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            pivot_id,
-            pivot_idx_new,
-            "PIVOT preserved with ID {} at index {}",
-            pivot_id,
-            pivot_idx_new
-        );
-
-        // Collect IDs of kept items in AFTER part (in order)
-        let remaining_after: Vec<u32> = old_ids_after
-            .iter()
-            .enumerate()
-            .filter_map(|(idx, &id)| if keep_old_after[idx] { Some(id) } else { None })
-            .collect();
-
-        let mut remaining_after_idx = 0;
-
-        // Rebuild AFTER part
-        for (idx, item) in new_after.iter().enumerate() {
-            if keep_new_after[idx] {
-                let existing_id = remaining_after[remaining_after_idx];
-                remaining_after_idx += 1;
-                previous_id = existing_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(existing_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item.clone(), existing_id));
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    track_id = existing_id,
-                    position = "AFTER pivot",
-                    "KEPT existing track ID {}",
-                    existing_id
-                );
-            } else {
-                let metadata = build_metadata_xml(item);
-                let new_id = self.playlist.insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    after_id = previous_id,
-                    new_id,
-                    position = "AFTER pivot",
-                    "RENDERER OP: Insert(after={}) -> new_id={}",
-                    previous_id,
-                    new_id
-                );
-                previous_id = new_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(new_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item.clone(), new_id));
-            }
-        }
-
-        self.items = rebuilt_items;
-        self.track_ids = rebuilt_ids;
-        self.current_index = Some(pivot_idx_new); // Pivot is at its new position
-
-        // VERIFICATION: Check that pivot ID is preserved
-        let final_pivot_id = self.track_ids.get(pivot_idx_new).copied();
-        if final_pivot_id != Some(pivot_id) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "CRITICAL BUG: Pivot ID changed from {} to {:?} during replace_queue_with_pivot!",
-                pivot_id,
-                final_pivot_id
-            ));
-        }
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            pivot_idx = pivot_idx_new,
-            pivot_id,
-            final_playlist_len = self.track_ids.len(),
-            pivot_verified = true,
-            "Gentle sync completed: double-LCS with pivot (playing track preserved)"
-        );
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    /// Standard LCS-based replacement (used when no currently playing item).
-    fn replace_queue_standard_lcs(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let (keep_current, keep_desired) = lcs_flags(&self.items, &items);
-
-        let items_to_keep = keep_current.iter().filter(|&&k| k).count();
-        let items_to_delete = keep_current.iter().filter(|&&k| !k).count();
-        let items_to_add = keep_desired.iter().filter(|&&k| !k).count();
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            keep = items_to_keep,
-            delete = items_to_delete,
-            add = items_to_add,
-            "LCS computed: minimizing OpenHome playlist operations"
-        );
-
-        // If we're replacing everything (keep=0), use delete_all() instead of
-        // individual delete_id() calls. This is much more robust for live playlists
-        // where track IDs can become invalid between refresh and deletion.
-        if items_to_keep == 0 && items_to_delete > 0 {
-            debug!(
-                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                "Using delete_all() for complete replacement (more robust for live playlists)"
-            );
-            self.playlist.delete_all()?;
-            self.track_ids.clear();
-            self.items.clear();
-        } else {
-            // Selective deletion when keeping some items
-            for idx in (0..self.track_ids.len()).rev() {
-                if !keep_current[idx] {
-                    let track_id = self.track_ids[idx];
-                    // Use delete_id_if_exists() to handle cases where another control point
-                    // may have already modified the playlist
-                    self.playlist.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
-                    self.track_ids.remove(idx);
-                    self.items.remove(idx);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        let remaining_ids = self.track_ids.clone();
-        let mut remaining_idx = 0usize;
-        let mut previous_id = OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID;
-        let mut rebuilt_items = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
-        let mut rebuilt_ids = Vec::with_capacity(items.len());
-
-        for (idx, item) in items.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            if keep_desired[idx] {
-                if remaining_idx >= remaining_ids.len() {
-                    return Err(anyhow!(
-                        "OpenHome playlist refresh bookkeeping mismatch (kept entries underflow)"
-                    ));
-                }
-                let existing_id = remaining_ids[remaining_idx];
-                remaining_idx += 1;
-                previous_id = existing_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(existing_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item, existing_id));
-            } else {
-                let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
-                let new_id = self.playlist.insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-                previous_id = new_id;
-                rebuilt_ids.push(new_id);
-                rebuilt_items.push(self.item_with_openhome_id(item, new_id));
-            }
-        }
-
-        if remaining_idx != remaining_ids.len() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "OpenHome playlist refresh bookkeeping mismatch (kept entries overflow)"
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let previous_index = self
-            .current_index
-            .and_then(|idx| if idx < rebuilt_ids.len() { Some(idx) } else { None });
-        let normalized = current_index
-            .filter(|&i| i < rebuilt_ids.len())
-            .or(previous_index)
-            .or_else(|| if rebuilt_ids.is_empty() { None } else { Some(0) });
-        self.items = rebuilt_items;
-        self.track_ids = rebuilt_ids;
-        self.current_index = normalized;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-pub fn didl_id_from_metadata(xml: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    if xml.trim().is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let parsed = pmodidl::parse_metadata::<DIDLLite>(xml).ok()?;
-    parsed.data.items.first().map(|item| item.id.clone())
-}
-
-fn build_metadata_xml(item: &PlaybackItem) -> String {
-    let title = item
-        .metadata
-        .as_ref()
-        .and_then(|m| m.title.as_deref())
-        .unwrap_or("Unknown");
-    let escaped_title = escape(title);
-    let escaped_uri = escape(item.uri.as_str());
-    let escaped_id = escape(item.didl_id.as_str());
-
-    let mut xml = String::from(
-        r#"<DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">"#,
-    );
-    xml.push_str(&format!(
-        r#"<item id="{}" parentID="-1" restricted="1">"#,
-        escaped_id
-    ));
-    xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:title>{}</dc:title>", escaped_title));
-
-    if let Some(meta) = &item.metadata {
-        if let Some(artist) = meta.artist.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(artist);
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:artist>{}</upnp:artist>", escaped));
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:creator>{}</dc:creator>", escaped));
-        }
-        if let Some(album) = meta.album.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(album);
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:album>{}</upnp:album>", escaped));
-        }
-        if let Some(genre) = meta.genre.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(genre);
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:genre>{}</upnp:genre>", escaped));
-        }
-        if let Some(uri) = meta.album_art_uri.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(uri);
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:albumArtURI>{}</upnp:albumArtURI>", escaped));
-        }
-        if let Some(date) = meta.date.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(date);
-            xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:date>{}</dc:date>", escaped));
-        }
-        if let Some(track_no) = meta.track_number.as_deref() {
-            let escaped = escape(track_no);
-            xml.push_str(&format!(
-                "<upnp:originalTrackNumber>{}</upnp:originalTrackNumber>",
-                escaped
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-
-    let escaped_protocol_info = escape(item.protocol_info.as_str());
-    xml.push_str(&format!(
-        r#"<res protocolInfo="{}">{}</res>"#,
-        escaped_protocol_info, escaped_uri
-    ));
-    xml.push_str(r#"<upnp:class>object.item.audioItem.musicTrack</upnp:class></item></DIDL-Lite>"#);
-    xml
-}
-
-fn lcs_flags(current: &[PlaybackItem], desired: &[PlaybackItem]) -> (Vec<bool>, Vec<bool>) {
-    let m = current.len();
-    let n = desired.len();
-    let mut dp = vec![vec![0u32; n + 1]; m + 1];
-
-    for i in 0..m {
-        for j in 0..n {
-            if current[i].uri == desired[j].uri {
-                dp[i + 1][j + 1] = dp[i][j] + 1;
-            } else {
-                dp[i + 1][j + 1] = dp[i + 1][j].max(dp[i][j + 1]);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    let mut keep_current = vec![false; m];
-    let mut keep_desired = vec![false; n];
-    let (mut i, mut j) = (m, n);
-
-    while i > 0 && j > 0 {
-        if current[i - 1].uri == desired[j - 1].uri {
-            keep_current[i - 1] = true;
-            keep_desired[j - 1] = true;
-            i -= 1;
-            j -= 1;
-        } else if dp[i - 1][j] >= dp[i][j - 1] {
-            i -= 1;
-        } else {
-            j -= 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    (keep_current, keep_desired)
-}
-
-impl QueueBackend for OpenHomeQueue {
-    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot> {
-        Ok(QueueSnapshot {
-            items: self.items.clone(),
-            current_index: self.current_index,
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<()> {
-        let normalized = index.filter(|&i| i < self.items.len());
-        if let Some(idx) = normalized {
-            let track_id = self.ensure_track_id(idx)?;
-            self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-            self.playlist.play_id(track_id)?;
-        }
-        self.current_index = normalized;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn replace_queue(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        if items.is_empty() {
-            self.playlist.delete_all()?;
-            self.items.clear();
-            self.track_ids.clear();
-            self.current_index = None;
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        // Synchronize local state with the actual OpenHome playlist before computing
-        // differences. Without this, any drift between our cache and the renderer
-        // (e.g., manual edits from another control point) would keep the stale items.
-        self.refresh_from_openhome()?;
-
-        // Try to get the currently playing track ID from the renderer.
-        // Note: Some OpenHome renderers (like upmpdcli) don't reliably support Info.Id(),
-        // so we fall back to using our internal current_index pointer.
-        let currently_playing_id_from_renderer = self
-            .playlist.id().ok();
-
-        // Find the currently playing item in our local state.
-        // Priority: 1) Renderer-reported ID, 2) Our internal current_index
-        let playing_info = if let Some(id) = currently_playing_id_from_renderer {
-            // CASE: Renderer explicitly reported the playing track ID
-            self.track_ids
-                .iter()
-                .position(|&tid| tid == id)
-                .map(|idx| (idx, id, self.items[idx].uri.clone()))
-        } else if let Some(idx) = self.current_index {
-            // CASE: Use our internal pointer (fallback for renderers without Info.Id() support)
-            if idx < self.track_ids.len() && idx < self.items.len() {
-                let id = self.track_ids[idx];
-                let uri = self.items[idx].uri.clone();
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    current_index = idx,
-                    track_id = id,
-                    "Using internal current_index as fallback (renderer didn't report playing ID)"
-                );
-                Some((idx, id, uri))
-            } else {
-                None
-            }
-        } else {
-            None
-        };
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-            actual_items = self.items.len(),
-            currently_playing_id_from_renderer = ?currently_playing_id_from_renderer,
-            playing_info_detected = playing_info.is_some(),
-            "OpenHome playlist state refreshed before replace_queue"
-        );
-
-        if let Some((playing_idx, playing_id, playing_uri)) = playing_info {
-            // Find if the currently playing item is in the new playlist (by URI)
-            let new_playing_idx = items.iter().position(|item| item.uri == playing_uri);
-
-            if let Some(pivot_idx) = new_playing_idx {
-                // CASE 2: Currently playing item IS in the new playlist
-                // Use gentle double-LCS strategy: preserve the pivot and sync before/after separately
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    playing_idx,
-                    pivot_idx,
-                    "Gentle sync: currently playing item found in new playlist at index {}",
-                    pivot_idx
-                );
-
-                self.replace_queue_with_pivot(items, pivot_idx, playing_id)?;
-            } else {
-                // CASE 1: Currently playing item NOT in the new playlist
-                // Keep it as first item and append the new playlist after it
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                    playing_idx,
-                    "Gentle sync: currently playing item not in new playlist, preserving as first item"
-                );
-
-                self.replace_queue_preserve_current(items, playing_idx, playing_id)?;
-            }
-        } else {
-            // No currently playing item or can't determine it - use standard LCS
-            debug!(
-                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
-                "No currently playing item, using standard LCS sync"
-            );
-            self.replace_queue_standard_lcs(items, current_index)?;
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>> {
-        Ok(self.items.get(index).cloned())
-    }
-
-    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<()> {
-        if index >= self.items.len() {
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        let track_id = self.ensure_track_id(index)?;
-        let before_id = if index == 0 {
-            OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID
-        } else {
-            self.ensure_track_id(index - 1)?
-        };
-
-        // Use delete_id_if_exists() to handle cases where another control point
-        // may have already modified the playlist
-        self.playlist.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
-        let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
-        let new_id = self.playlist.insert(before_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
-
-        if self.current_index == Some(index) {
-            self.playlist.play_id(new_id)?;
-        }
-
-        self.items[index] = self.item_with_openhome_id(item, new_id);
-        self.track_ids[index] = new_id;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/control_point_corrections.md
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/control_point_corrections.md
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# Corrections à appliquer à control_point.rs
+
+## Changements effectués avec succès :
+
+1. ✅ Thread de découverte UPNP : utilise maintenant `UpnpDiscoveryManager` 
+2. ✅ Boucle de polling : utilise `Arc<MusicRenderer>` directement avec traits
+3. ✅ Suppression du thread OpenHome event forwarder
+
+## Corrections restantes à faire manuellement :
+
+### 1. Thread de vérification des timeouts (ligne ~173)
+
+**Remplacer :**
+```rust
+let registry_for_presence = Arc::clone(&registry);
+let event_bus_for_presence = event_bus.clone();
+let media_event_bus_for_presence = media_event_bus.clone();
+thread::spawn(move || {
+    use ureq::Agent;
+    // ... tout le code de vérification HTTP manuelle ...
+});
+```
+
+**Par :**
+```rust
+let registry_for_timeout = Arc::clone(&registry);
+
+thread::spawn(move || {
+    loop {
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_secs(60));
+
+        // Le registry vérifie les timeouts et émet automatiquement les événements Offline
+        if let Ok(mut reg) = registry_for_timeout.write() {
+            reg.check_timeouts();
+        }
+    }
+});
+```
+
+### 2. Thread Chromecast mDNS (à ajouter après le thread de timeout)
+
+**Ajouter :**
+```rust
+// Thread de découverte mDNS pour Chromecast
+let registry_for_mdns = Arc::clone(&registry);
+let udn_cache_for_mdns = Arc::clone(&udn_cache);
+thread::spawn(move || {
+    use crate::discovery::ChromecastDiscoveryManager;
+    use futures_util::StreamExt;
+
+    let mut discovery_manager =
+        ChromecastDiscoveryManager::new(registry_for_mdns, udn_cache_for_mdns);
+
+    debug!("Starting mDNS discovery thread for Chromecast devices");
+
+    const SERVICE_NAME: &str = "_googlecast._tcp.local";
+
+    async_std::task::block_on(async {
+        match mdns::discover::all(SERVICE_NAME, Duration::from_secs(15)) {
+            Ok(discovery) => {
+                let stream = discovery.listen();
+                futures_util::pin_mut!(stream);
+
+                debug!("mDNS discovery stream started for Chromecast devices");
+
+                while let Some(result) = stream.next().await {
+                    match result {
+                        Ok(response) => {
+                            debug!(
+                                "Received mDNS response with {} records",
+                                response.records().count()
+                            );
+                            discovery_manager.handle_mdns_response(response);
+                        }
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            warn!("mDNS discovery error: {}", e);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                warn!("mDNS discovery stream ended unexpectedly");
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                error!("Failed to start mDNS discovery: {}", e);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+});
+```
+
+### 3. Correction de la boucle de polling (ligne ~200)
+
+**Le type doit être :**
+```rust
+let renderers: Vec<Arc<MusicRenderer>> = infos  // Pas Vec<MusicRenderer>
+```
+
+### 4. Retour du constructeur (fin de fonction)
+
+**Remplacer :**
+```rust
+Ok(Self {
+    registry,
+    event_bus,
+    media_event_bus,
+    runtime,
+})
+```
+
+**Par :**
+```rust
+Ok(Self {
+    registry,
+    udn_cache,
+    event_bus,
+    media_event_bus,
+    runtime,
+})
+```
+
+## Suppressions à faire :
+
+- [ ] Supprimer toutes les fonctions OpenHome (à partir de `spawn_openhome_event_runtime`)
+- [ ] Supprimer `OpenHomeAccessError` enum
+- [ ] Supprimer `OPENHOME_SNAPSHOT_CACHE_TTL` constante
+- [ ] Nettoyer les imports obsolètes en haut du fichier
+
+## Note importante :
+
+Le code ne compilera pas tant que tous les imports obsolètes ne seront pas nettoyés, mais la structure sera correcte.
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery.rs
@@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
-use std::time::SystemTime;
-
-use pmoupnp::ssdp::SsdpEvent;
-
-use crate::media_server::MediaServerInfo;
-use crate::model::RendererInfo;
-use crate::registry::DeviceUpdate;
-
-/// État connu pour un endpoint UPnP identifié par son UDN.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct DiscoveredEndpoint {
-    /// UDN normalisé (ex: "uuid:xxxx", en minuscules).
-    pub udn: String,
-    /// Dernière URL de description device (LOCATION SSDP).
-    pub location: String,
-    /// Dernier header SERVER vu sur cet endpoint.
-    pub server_header: String,
-    /// Dernier max-age indiqué (TTL SSDP).
-    pub max_age: u32,
-    /// Date de dernière vue (Now lors du dernier Alive ou SearchResponse).
-    pub last_seen: SystemTime,
-    /// Indique si on a vu ce endpoint comme MediaRenderer.
-    pub seen_as_renderer: bool,
-    /// Indique si on a vu ce endpoint comme MediaServer.
-    pub seen_as_server: bool,
-    /// ST/NT vus (pour debug/diagnostic si utile).
-    pub types_seen: HashSet<String>,
-}
-
-impl DiscoveredEndpoint {
-    pub fn new(udn: String, location: String, server_header: String, max_age: u32) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            udn,
-            location,
-            server_header,
-            max_age,
-            last_seen: SystemTime::now(),
-            seen_as_renderer: false,
-            seen_as_server: false,
-            types_seen: HashSet::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn touch(&mut self, location: String, server_header: String, max_age: u32) {
-        self.location = location;
-        self.server_header = server_header;
-        self.max_age = max_age;
-        self.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
-    }
-}
-
-/// Fournit les descriptions haut niveau à partir d’un endpoint découvert.
-/// L’implémentation pourra, plus tard, faire un HTTP GET sur `location`
-/// et parser la description pour remplir RendererInfo / MediaServerInfo.
-pub trait DeviceDescriptionProvider: Send + Sync {
-    /// Construit un RendererInfo pour cet endpoint, ou None s’il
-    /// ne correspond pas à un renderer audio intéressant.
-    fn build_renderer_info(&self, endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint) -> Option<RendererInfo>;
-
-    /// Construit un MediaServerInfo pour cet endpoint, ou None s’il
-    /// ne correspond pas à un media server (ou pas intéressant).
-    fn build_server_info(&self, endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint) -> Option<MediaServerInfo>;
-}
-
-/// Gestionnaire des événements SSDP -> DeviceUpdate.
-pub struct DiscoveryManager<P>
-where
-    P: DeviceDescriptionProvider,
-{
-    endpoints: HashMap<String, DiscoveredEndpoint>,
-    provider: P,
-}
-
-impl<P> DiscoveryManager<P>
-where
-    P: DeviceDescriptionProvider,
-{
-    pub fn new(provider: P) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            endpoints: HashMap::new(),
-            provider,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn handle_ssdp_event(&mut self, event: SsdpEvent) -> Vec<DeviceUpdate> {
-        let mut updates = Vec::new();
-
-        match event {
-            SsdpEvent::Alive {
-                usn,
-                nt,
-                location,
-                server,
-                max_age,
-                ..
-            } => {
-                if let Some(udn) = extract_udn_from_usn(&usn) {
-                    self.handle_alive(udn, nt, location, server, max_age, &mut updates);
-                }
-            }
-            SsdpEvent::SearchResponse {
-                usn,
-                st,
-                location,
-                server,
-                max_age,
-                ..
-            } => {
-                if let Some(udn) = extract_udn_from_usn(&usn) {
-                    self.handle_search_response(udn, st, location, server, max_age, &mut updates);
-                }
-            }
-            SsdpEvent::ByeBye { usn, nt, .. } => {
-                if let Some(udn) = extract_udn_from_usn(&usn) {
-                    self.handle_byebye(udn, nt, &mut updates);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        updates
-    }
-
-    fn handle_alive(
-        &mut self,
-        udn: String,
-        nt: String,
-        location: String,
-        server_header: String,
-        max_age: u32,
-        updates: &mut Vec<DeviceUpdate>,
-    ) {
-        self.update_endpoint(udn, nt, location, server_header, max_age, updates);
-    }
-
-    fn handle_search_response(
-        &mut self,
-        udn: String,
-        st: String,
-        location: String,
-        server_header: String,
-        max_age: u32,
-        updates: &mut Vec<DeviceUpdate>,
-    ) {
-        self.update_endpoint(udn, st, location, server_header, max_age, updates);
-    }
-
-    fn handle_byebye(&mut self, udn: String, _nt: String, updates: &mut Vec<DeviceUpdate>) {
-        if let Some(endpoint) = self.endpoints.get(&udn) {
-            if endpoint.seen_as_renderer {
-                updates.push(DeviceUpdate::RendererOfflineByUdn(udn.clone()));
-            }
-            if endpoint.seen_as_server {
-                updates.push(DeviceUpdate::ServerOfflineByUdn(udn));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn update_endpoint(
-        &mut self,
-        udn: String,
-        device_type: String,
-        location: String,
-        server_header: String,
-        max_age: u32,
-        updates: &mut Vec<DeviceUpdate>,
-    ) {
-        tracing::debug!(
-            "SSDP update: udn={} type={} location={} max_age={}",
-            udn,
-            device_type,
-            location,
-            max_age
-        );
-
-        let endpoint = self.endpoints.entry(udn.clone()).or_insert_with({
-            let udn = udn.clone();
-            let location = location.clone();
-            let server_header = server_header.clone();
-            move || DiscoveredEndpoint::new(udn, location, server_header, max_age)
-        });
-
-        endpoint.touch(location, server_header, max_age);
-        endpoint.types_seen.insert(device_type);
-
-        // Toujours tenter de classifier et envoyer un événement Online pour maintenir
-        // l'état à jour dans le registre (important pour les serveurs qui ré-apparaissent)
-        if let Some(info) = self.provider.build_renderer_info(endpoint) {
-            if !endpoint.seen_as_renderer {
-                tracing::debug!(
-                    "Renderer classified: udn={} friendly_name={} model={}",
-                    info.udn,
-                    info.friendly_name,
-                    info.model_name
-                );
-                endpoint.seen_as_renderer = true;
-            }
-            updates.push(DeviceUpdate::RendererOnline(info));
-        }
-
-        if let Some(info) = self.provider.build_server_info(endpoint) {
-            if !endpoint.seen_as_server {
-                tracing::debug!(
-                    "Server classified: udn={} friendly_name={} model={}",
-                    info.udn,
-                    info.friendly_name,
-                    info.model_name
-                );
-                endpoint.seen_as_server = true;
-            }
-            updates.push(DeviceUpdate::ServerOnline(info));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn extract_udn_from_usn(usn: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    let lower = usn.trim().to_ascii_lowercase();
-    if let Some(idx) = lower.find("uuid:") {
-        let sub = &lower[idx..];
-        if let Some(end) = sub.find("::") {
-            Some(sub[..end].to_string())
-        } else {
-            Some(sub.to_string())
-        }
-    } else {
-        None
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/arylic.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/arylic.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::{Mutex, OnceLock},
+    time::Duration,
+};
+
+use tracing::debug;
+
+use crate::{
+    arylic_client::{ARYLIC_TCP_PORT, send_command_required}, errors::ControlPointError, linkplay_client::extract_linkplay_host
+};
+
+static DETECTION_CACHE: OnceLock<Mutex<HashMap<String, bool>>> = OnceLock::new();
+
+fn detection_cache() -> &'static Mutex<HashMap<String, bool>> {
+    DETECTION_CACHE.get_or_init(|| Mutex::new(HashMap::new()))
+}
+
+/// Probe whether the renderer at the given location exposes the Arylic TCP API.
+pub(crate) fn detect_arylic_tcp(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> bool {
+    let Some(host) = extract_linkplay_host(location) else {
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    if let Ok(cache) = detection_cache().lock() {
+        if let Some(result) = cache.get(&host) {
+            return *result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    let detected = match try_detect_tcp(&host, timeout) {
+        Ok(_) => true,
+        Err(err) => {
+            debug!(
+                "Arylic TCP detection failed for {} (host={}): {}",
+                location, host, err
+            );
+            false
+        }
+    };
+
+    if let Ok(mut cache) = detection_cache().lock() {
+        cache.insert(host.to_string(), detected);
+    }
+
+    detected
+}
+
+fn try_detect_tcp(host: &str, timeout: Duration) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+    let payload = send_command_required(
+        host,
+        ARYLIC_TCP_PORT,
+        timeout,
+        "MCU+INF+GET",
+        &["AXX+INF+", "AXX+DEV+"],
+    )?;
+
+    if payload.starts_with("AXX+INF+") || payload.starts_with("AXX+DEV+") {
+        Ok(())
+    } else {
+        Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Unexpected INF response from {}: {}",
+            host, payload
+        )))
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/chromecast_discovery.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/chromecast_discovery.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
+//! Chromecast device discovery via mDNS.
+//!
+//! Chromecast devices advertise themselves using mDNS (Multicast DNS) on the
+//! `_googlecast._tcp.local` service, unlike UPnP devices which use SSDP.
+//! This module handles the discovery of Chromecast devices and registers them
+//! directly into the `DeviceRegistry`.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::net::IpAddr;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock};
+
+use crate::DeviceId;
+use crate::DeviceRegistry;
+use crate::discovery::manager::UDNRegistry;
+use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
+use tracing::{debug, warn};
+
+/// Gestionnaire des événements mDNS pour Chromecast.
+pub struct ChromecastDiscoveryManager {
+    device_registry: Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
+    udn_cache: Arc<Mutex<UDNRegistry>>,
+}
+
+impl ChromecastDiscoveryManager {
+    pub fn new(
+        device_registry: Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
+        udn_cache: Arc<Mutex<UDNRegistry>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            device_registry,
+            udn_cache,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Traite une réponse mDNS pour un appareil Chromecast.
+    ///
+    /// Cette fonction parse les réponses de service discovery mDNS pour les appareils
+    /// Chromecast et les enregistre directement dans le registre.
+    pub fn handle_mdns_response(&mut self, response: mdns::Response) {
+        // Extract basic information from the mDNS response
+        let service_name = match response.records().find_map(|r| {
+            if let mdns::RecordKind::PTR(ref name) = r.kind {
+                Some(name.clone())
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        }) {
+            Some(name) => name,
+            None => {
+                warn!("No PTR record found in mDNS response");
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        debug!("Processing mDNS response for service: {}", service_name);
+
+        // Extract IP addresses
+        let addresses: Vec<IpAddr> = response
+            .records()
+            .filter_map(|r| match r.kind {
+                mdns::RecordKind::A(addr) => Some(IpAddr::V4(addr)),
+                mdns::RecordKind::AAAA(addr) => Some(IpAddr::V6(addr)),
+                _ => None,
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        if addresses.is_empty() {
+            warn!("No IP address found for Chromecast device: {}", service_name);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Prefer IPv4 addresses
+        let host = match addresses
+            .iter()
+            .find(|addr| matches!(addr, IpAddr::V4(_)))
+            .or_else(|| addresses.first())
+        {
+            Some(addr) => addr.to_string(),
+            None => {
+                warn!("Could not extract host from addresses");
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Extract port from SRV record
+        let port = response
+            .records()
+            .find_map(|r| {
+                if let mdns::RecordKind::SRV { port, .. } = r.kind {
+                    Some(port)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(8009); // Default Chromecast port
+
+        // Extract TXT records for additional metadata
+        let txt_records: HashMap<String, String> = response
+            .records()
+            .filter_map(|r| {
+                if let mdns::RecordKind::TXT(ref data) = r.kind {
+                    Some(data.clone())
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            })
+            .flat_map(|data| {
+                // data is Vec<String>, each string is "key=value"
+                data.into_iter().filter_map(|s| {
+                    let parts: Vec<&str> = s.splitn(2, '=').collect();
+                    if parts.len() == 2 {
+                        Some((parts[0].to_string(), parts[1].to_string()))
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                })
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        // Extract metadata from TXT records
+        let model = txt_records.get("md").cloned();
+        let uuid = txt_records
+            .get("id")
+            .cloned()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("chromecast-{}-{}", host, port));
+        let manufacturer = Some("Google Inc.".to_string());
+
+        // Extract friendly name from TXT record "fn" if available
+        // Otherwise, extract from service instance name (PTR record)
+        let friendly_name = txt_records
+            .get("fn")
+            .cloned()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                // Fallback: extract from service name, removing the UUID suffix if present
+                service_name
+                    .split("._googlecast._tcp.local")
+                    .next()
+                    .unwrap_or("Unknown Chromecast")
+                    .split('-')
+                    .take_while(|part| part.len() != 32) // Skip 32-char hex UUID
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join("-")
+                    .trim()
+                    .to_string()
+            });
+
+        debug!(
+            "Discovered Chromecast: {} at {}:{} (UUID: {}, Model: {:?})",
+            friendly_name, host, port, uuid, model
+        );
+
+        // Build UDN and check cache
+        let udn = format!("uuid:{}", uuid);
+
+        // Pour Chromecast, on utilise un max_age par défaut car mDNS n'a pas ce concept
+        let default_max_age = 1800u64; // 30 minutes
+
+        // Check cache to avoid redundant updates
+        if !UDNRegistry::should_fetch(self.udn_cache.clone(), &udn, default_max_age) {
+            debug!("Chromecast {} recently seen, skipping", udn);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Create RendererInfo for the registry
+        let renderer_info = build_renderer_info(
+            &uuid,
+            &friendly_name,
+            &host,
+            port,
+            model.as_deref(),
+            manufacturer.as_deref(),
+        );
+
+        // Register the renderer
+        self.device_registry
+            .write()
+            .expect("DeviceRegistry mutex lock failed")
+            .push_renderer(&renderer_info, default_max_age as u32);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Builds a `RendererInfo` structure for a Chromecast device.
+fn build_renderer_info(
+    uuid: &str,
+    friendly_name: &str,
+    host: &str,
+    port: u16,
+    model: Option<&str>,
+    manufacturer: Option<&str>,
+) -> RendererInfo {
+    let udn = format!("uuid:{}", uuid);
+    let id = DeviceId(udn.clone());
+
+    // Build Chromecast capabilities
+    let mut capabilities = RendererCapabilities::default();
+    capabilities.has_chromecast = true;
+
+    // The location URL for Chromecast is just the host:port
+    // (not a real HTTP endpoint like UPnP, but useful for identification)
+    let location = format!("chromecast://{}:{}", host, port);
+
+    RendererInfo::make(
+        id,
+        udn,
+        friendly_name.to_string(),
+        model.unwrap_or("Chromecast").to_string(),
+        manufacturer.unwrap_or("Google Inc.").to_string(),
+        RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly,
+        capabilities,
+        location,
+        "Chromecast".to_string(),
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+        None,
+    )
+}
+
+/// Extracts the host (IP address) from a Chromecast location URL.
+///
+/// The location format is `chromecast://host:port`.
+pub fn extract_host_from_location(location: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    if let Some(stripped) = location.strip_prefix("chromecast://") {
+        let host = stripped.split(':').next()?;
+        Some(host.to_string())
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extracts the port from a Chromecast location URL.
+///
+/// The location format is `chromecast://host:port`.
+pub fn extract_port_from_location(location: &str) -> Option<u16> {
+    if let Some(stripped) = location.strip_prefix("chromecast://") {
+        let port_str = stripped.split(':').nth(1)?;
+        port_str.parse().ok()
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_extract_host_from_location() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            extract_host_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100:8009"),
+            Some("192.168.1.100".to_string())
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            extract_host_from_location("http://192.168.1.100:8009"),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_extract_port_from_location() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            extract_port_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100:8009"),
+            Some(8009)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            extract_port_from_location("chromecast://192.168.1.100"),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/manager.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/manager.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+    time::Instant,
+};
+
+struct UDNSeen {
+    max_age: u64,
+    last_seen: Instant,
+}
+
+pub struct UDNRegistry {
+    seen: HashMap<String, UDNSeen>,
+}
+
+impl UDNRegistry {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        UDNRegistry {
+            seen: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if we should fetch/process this UDN (either first time or more than half max_age elapsed)
+    pub fn should_fetch(registry: Arc<Mutex<UDNRegistry>>, udn: &str, max_age: u64) -> bool {
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        let mut r = registry.lock().expect("UDNRegistry mutex lock failed");
+        if let Some(seen) = r.seen.get_mut(udn) {
+            // If more than half the max_age has elapsed, we should fetch/process again
+            if now.duration_since(seen.last_seen).as_secs() > max_age / 2 {
+                seen.last_seen = now;
+                true
+            } else {
+                // Too soon, skip this SSDP event
+                false
+            }
+        } else {
+            // First time seeing this UDN, insert and fetch
+            r.seen.insert(
+                udn.to_string(),
+                UDNSeen {
+                    max_age,
+                    last_seen: now,
+                },
+            );
+            true
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+pub mod arylic;
+pub mod chromecast_discovery;
+pub mod manager;
+pub mod upnp_discovery;
+pub mod upnp_provider;
+
+pub use chromecast_discovery::ChromecastDiscoveryManager;
+pub use upnp_discovery::UpnpDiscoveryManager;
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/upnp_discovery.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/upnp_discovery.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+use crate::{DeviceRegistry, discovery::upnp_provider::ParsedDeviceDescription};
+use pmoupnp::ssdp::SsdpEvent;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock};
+
+use crate::discovery::manager::UDNRegistry;
+
+/// Gestionnaire des événements SSDP -> DeviceUpdate.
+
+pub struct UpnpDiscoveryManager {
+    device_registry: Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
+    udn_cache: Arc<Mutex<UDNRegistry>>,
+}
+
+impl UpnpDiscoveryManager {
+    pub fn new(device_registry: Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
+        udn_cache: Arc<Mutex<UDNRegistry>>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            device_registry,
+            udn_cache,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn handle_ssdp_event(&mut self, event: SsdpEvent) {
+        let (alive, usn, location, max_age, server_header) = match event {
+            SsdpEvent::Alive {
+                usn,
+                location,
+                max_age,
+                server,
+                ..
+            }
+            | SsdpEvent::SearchResponse {
+                usn,
+                location,
+                max_age,
+                server,
+                ..
+            } => (true, usn, location, max_age, server),
+            SsdpEvent::ByeBye { usn, .. } => (false, usn, "".to_string(), 0, "".to_string()),
+        };
+
+        if let Some(udn) = extract_udn_from_usn(&usn) {
+            if alive {
+                // ✅ Check cache
+                if UDNRegistry::should_fetch(self.udn_cache.clone(), &udn, max_age as u64) {
+                    // ✅ Fetch + parse
+                    if let Ok(info) = ParsedDeviceDescription::new(&udn, &location, &server_header,5) {
+                        if let Some(renderer_info) = info.build_renderer() {
+                            if let Ok(mut reg) = self.device_registry.write() {
+                                reg.push_renderer(&renderer_info, max_age);
+                            }
+                        } else if let Some(server_info) = info.build_server() {
+                            if let Ok(mut reg) = self.device_registry.write() {
+                                reg.push_server(&server_info, max_age);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                if let Ok(mut reg) = self.device_registry.write() {
+                    reg.device_says_byebye(&udn);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+}
+
+
+fn extract_udn_from_usn(usn: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let lower = usn.trim().to_ascii_lowercase();
+    if let Some(idx) = lower.find("uuid:") {
+        let sub = &lower[idx..];
+        if let Some(end) = sub.find("::") {
+            Some(sub[..end].to_string())
+        } else {
+            Some(sub.to_string())
+        }
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/discovery/upnp_provider.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/discovery/upnp_provider.rs
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 use std::io::BufReader;
-use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};
+use std::time::Duration;

-use quick_xml::{events::Event, Error as XmlError, Reader};
+use quick_xml::{Error as XmlError, Reader, events::Event};
 use thiserror::Error;
-use tracing::{debug, warn};
+use tracing::{debug};

-use crate::arylic_tcp::detect_arylic_tcp;
-use crate::avtransport_client::AvTransportClient;
-use crate::discovery::{DeviceDescriptionProvider, DiscoveredEndpoint};
-use crate::linkplay::detect_linkplay_http;
-use crate::media_server::{MediaServerInfo, ServerId};
-use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererId, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
+use crate::DeviceId;
+use crate::discovery::arylic::detect_arylic_tcp;
+use crate::linkplay_client::{extract_linkplay_host, fetch_status_for_host};
+use crate::media_server::UpnpMediaServer;
+use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
+use crate::upnp_clients::{AvTransportClient,resolve_control_url};

 use ureq::Agent;

@@ -31,8 +31,11 @@ pub enum DescriptionError {

 /// Parsed device description, plus (optionally) AVTransport endpoint.
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
-struct ParsedDeviceDescription {
-    udn: Option<String>,
+pub struct ParsedDeviceDescription {
+    timeout_secs: u64,
+    udn: String,
+    location: String,
+    server_header: String,
    device_type: Option<String>,
    friendly_name: Option<String>,
    manufacturer: Option<String>,
@@ -74,47 +77,23 @@ struct ParsedDeviceDescription {
 }

 impl ParsedDeviceDescription {
-    fn require_fields(self) -> Result<Self, DescriptionError> {
-        if self.device_type.is_none() {
-            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("deviceType"));
-        }
-        if self.friendly_name.is_none() {
-            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("friendlyName"));
-        }
-        if self.model_name.is_none() {
-            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("modelName"));
-        }
-        Ok(self)
-    }
-}
-
-/// HTTP-based XML description provider (UPnP device description.xml)
-pub struct HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
-    timeout_secs: u64,
-}
-
-impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
-    pub fn new(timeout_secs: u64) -> Self {
-        Self { timeout_secs }
-    }

    /// Fetch and parse the device description.xml at endpoint.location.
-    fn fetch_and_parse(
-        &self,
-        endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint,
-    ) -> Result<ParsedDeviceDescription, DescriptionError> {
-        debug!(
-            "Fetching description for {} at {}",
-            endpoint.udn, endpoint.location
-        );
+    pub fn new(
+        udn: &str,
+        location: &str,
+        server_header: &str,
+        timeout_secs: u64,
+    ) -> Result<Self, DescriptionError> {
+        debug!("Fetching description for {} at {}", udn, location);

        let config = Agent::config_builder()
-            .timeout_global(Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(self.timeout_secs)))
+            .timeout_global(Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(timeout_secs)))
            .build();

        let agent: Agent = config.into();

-        let response = agent.get(&endpoint.location).call()?;
+        let response = agent.get(location).call()?;

        // response: http::Response<ureq::Body>
        let (_parts, body) = response.into_parts();
@@ -124,14 +103,16 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {

        let mut reader = Reader::from_reader(BufReader::new(body_reader));
        reader.config_mut().trim_text(true);
-        debug!(
-            "Parsing description XML for {} at {}",
-            endpoint.udn, endpoint.location
-        );
+        debug!("Parsing description XML for {} at {}", udn, location);

        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        let mut parsed = ParsedDeviceDescription::default();

+        parsed.timeout_secs=timeout_secs;
+        parsed.location = location.to_string();
+        parsed.udn = udn.to_string();
+        parsed.server_header = server_header.to_string();
+
        let mut in_device = false;
        let mut in_service = false;
        let mut current_tag: Option<String> = None;
@@ -187,7 +168,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            parsed.avtransport_control_url = Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found AVTransport service for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -202,7 +183,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                                Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found RenderingControl service for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -217,7 +198,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                                Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found ConnectionManager service for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -232,7 +213,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                                Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found ContentDirectory service for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -247,7 +228,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            }
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Playlist for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -262,7 +243,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            }
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Info for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -277,7 +258,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            }
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Time for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -288,7 +269,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            parsed.oh_volume_control_url = Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Volume for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -299,7 +280,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            parsed.oh_radio_control_url = Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Radio for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -310,7 +291,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
                                            parsed.oh_product_control_url = Some(ctrl.clone());
                                            debug!(
                                                "Found OpenHome Product for {}: type={} controlURL={}",
-                                                endpoint.udn, st, ctrl
+                                                udn, st, ctrl
                                            );
                                        }
                                    }
@@ -334,7 +315,7 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {

                            match tag.as_str() {
                                "UDN" => {
-                                    parsed.udn = Some(text);
+                                    parsed.udn = text;
                                }
                                "deviceType" => {
                                    parsed.device_type = Some(text);
@@ -373,188 +354,274 @@ impl HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
        parsed.require_fields()
    }

-    fn build_renderer(
+    pub fn build_renderer(
        &self,
-        endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint,
-        parsed: &ParsedDeviceDescription,
    ) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
-        let device_type = parsed.device_type.as_ref()?.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        let device_type = self.device_type.as_ref()?.to_ascii_lowercase();
        if !device_type.contains("urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:mediarenderer:")
            && !device_type.contains("urn:av-openhome-org:device:mediarenderer:")
            && !device_type.contains("urn:av-openhome-org:device:source:")
        {
            debug!(
                "build_renderer: ignoring deviceType for {}: {}",
-                endpoint.udn, device_type
+                self.udn, device_type
            );
            return None;
        }

-        let raw_udn = parsed
-            .udn
-            .as_deref()
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| endpoint.udn.as_str());
-        let udn = raw_udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        let mut caps = detect_renderer_capabilities(&parsed.service_types);
-        if detect_linkplay_http(
-            &endpoint.location,
-            Duration::from_secs(self.timeout_secs.max(1)),
-        ) {
+        let udn = self.udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        let mut caps = detect_renderer_capabilities(&self.service_types);
+        if detect_linkplay_http(&self.location, Duration::from_secs(self.timeout_secs.max(1))) {
            caps.has_linkplay_http = true;
        }
-        if detect_arylic_tcp(
-            &endpoint.location,
-            Duration::from_secs(self.timeout_secs.max(1)),
-        ) {
+        if detect_arylic_tcp(&self.location, Duration::from_secs(self.timeout_secs.max(1))) {
            caps.has_arylic_tcp = true;
        }
        let protocol = detect_renderer_protocol(&caps);
-        let now = SystemTime::now();

-        Some(RendererInfo {
-            id: RendererId(udn.clone()),
+        Some(RendererInfo::make(
+            DeviceId(udn.clone()),
            udn,
-            friendly_name: parsed.friendly_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
-            model_name: parsed.model_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
-            manufacturer: parsed.manufacturer.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.friendly_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.model_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.manufacturer.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
            protocol,
-            capabilities: caps,
-            location: endpoint.location.clone(),
-            server_header: endpoint.server_header.clone(),
-            online: true,
-            last_seen: now,
-            max_age: endpoint.max_age,
-            avtransport_service_type: parsed.avtransport_service_type.clone(),
-            avtransport_control_url: parsed
+            caps,
+            self.location.clone(),
+            self.server_header.clone(),
+            self.avtransport_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .avtransport_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            rendering_control_service_type: parsed.rendering_control_service_type.clone(),
-            rendering_control_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self.rendering_control_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .rendering_control_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            connection_manager_service_type: parsed.connection_manager_service_type.clone(),
-            connection_manager_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self.connection_manager_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .connection_manager_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_playlist_service_type: parsed.oh_playlist_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_playlist_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self.oh_playlist_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_playlist_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_playlist_event_sub_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self
                .oh_playlist_event_sub_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, url)),
-            oh_info_service_type: parsed.oh_info_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_info_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&self.location, url)),
+            self.oh_info_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_info_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_info_event_sub_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self
                .oh_info_event_sub_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, url)),
-            oh_time_service_type: parsed.oh_time_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_time_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&self.location, url)),
+            self.oh_time_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_time_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_time_event_sub_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self
                .oh_time_event_sub_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, url)),
-            oh_volume_service_type: parsed.oh_volume_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_volume_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|url| resolve_control_url(&self.location, url)),
+            self.oh_volume_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_volume_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_radio_service_type: parsed.oh_radio_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_radio_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self.oh_radio_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_radio_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-            oh_product_service_type: parsed.oh_product_service_type.clone(),
-            oh_product_control_url: parsed
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+            self.oh_product_service_type.clone(),
+            self
                .oh_product_control_url
                .as_ref()
-                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl)),
-        })
+                .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl)),
+        ))
    }

-    fn build_server(
+    pub fn build_server(
        &self,
-        endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint,
-        parsed: &ParsedDeviceDescription,
-    ) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-        let device_type = parsed.device_type.as_ref()?.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    ) -> Option<UpnpMediaServer> {
+        let device_type = self.device_type.as_ref()?.to_ascii_lowercase();
        if !device_type.contains("urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:mediaserver:") {
            return None;
        }

-        let raw_udn = parsed
-            .udn
-            .as_deref()
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| endpoint.udn.as_str());
-        let udn = raw_udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        let has_content_directory = parsed.service_types.iter().any(|st| {
+        let udn = self.udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        let has_content_directory = self.service_types.iter().any(|st| {
            st.to_ascii_lowercase()
                .contains("urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:contentdirectory:")
        });
-        let now = SystemTime::now();

-        let content_directory_control_url = parsed
+        let content_directory_control_url = self
            .content_directory_control_url
            .as_ref()
-            .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, ctrl));
+            .map(|ctrl| resolve_control_url(&self.location, ctrl));

-        Some(MediaServerInfo {
-            id: ServerId(udn.clone()),
+        Some(UpnpMediaServer::new(
+            DeviceId(udn.clone()),
            udn,
-            friendly_name: parsed.friendly_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
-            model_name: parsed.model_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
-            manufacturer: parsed.manufacturer.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
-            location: endpoint.location.clone(),
-            server_header: endpoint.server_header.clone(),
-            online: true,
-            last_seen: now,
-            max_age: endpoint.max_age,
+            self.friendly_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.model_name.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.manufacturer.clone().unwrap_or_default(),
+            self.location.clone(),
+            self.server_header.clone(),
            has_content_directory,
-            content_directory_service_type: parsed.content_directory_service_type.clone(),
+            self.content_directory_service_type.clone(),
            content_directory_control_url,
-        })
+        ))
+
    }

-    /// New helper: build an AvTransportClient directly from a discovered endpoint.
-    ///
    /// Returns Ok(Some(client)) if an AVTransport service with a controlURL is present,
    /// Ok(None) if no AVTransport service was found.
    pub fn build_avtransport_client(
        &self,
-        endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint,
    ) -> Result<Option<AvTransportClient>, DescriptionError> {
-        let parsed = self.fetch_and_parse(endpoint)?;
-
-        let service_type = match &parsed.avtransport_service_type {
+        let service_type = match &self.avtransport_service_type {
            Some(st) => st.clone(),
            None => return Ok(None),
        };

-        let raw_control = match &parsed.avtransport_control_url {
+        let raw_control = match &self.avtransport_control_url {
            Some(ctrl) => ctrl.clone(),
            None => return Ok(None),
        };

-        let control_url = resolve_control_url(&endpoint.location, &raw_control);
+        let control_url = resolve_control_url(&self.location, &raw_control);
        debug!(
            "AVTransport client for {}: service_type={} control_url={}",
-            endpoint.udn, service_type, control_url
+            &self.udn, service_type, control_url
        );

        Ok(Some(AvTransportClient::new(control_url, service_type)))
    }
+
+    fn require_fields(self) -> Result<Self, DescriptionError> {
+        if self.device_type.is_none() {
+            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("deviceType"));
+        }
+        if self.friendly_name.is_none() {
+            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("friendlyName"));
+        }
+        if self.model_name.is_none() {
+            return Err(DescriptionError::MissingField("modelName"));
+        }
+        Ok(self)
+    }
+
+    pub fn udn(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        Some(self.udn.clone())
+    }
+    pub fn device_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.device_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.friendly_name.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn manufacturer(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.manufacturer.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn model_name(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.model_name.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn service_types(&self) -> Vec<String> {
+        self.service_types.clone()
+    }
+
+    // New: AVTransport endpoint (if present in serviceList)
+    pub fn avtransport_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.avtransport_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn avtransport_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.avtransport_control_url.clone()
+    }
+
+    // RenderingControl endpoint (if present in serviceList)
+    pub fn rendering_control_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.rendering_control_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn rendering_control_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.rendering_control_control_url.clone()
+    }
+
+    // ConnectionManager endpoint (if present in serviceList)
+    pub fn connection_manager_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.connection_manager_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn connection_manager_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.connection_manager_control_url.clone()
+    }
+
+    // ContentDirectory endpoint (if present in serviceList)
+    pub fn content_directory_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.content_directory_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn content_directory_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.content_directory_control_url.clone()
+    }
+
+    // OpenHome endpoints (if present in serviceList)
+    pub fn oh_playlist_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_playlist_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_playlist_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_volume_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_volume_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_volume_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_volume_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_radio_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_radio_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_radio_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_radio_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_product_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_product_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_product_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_product_control_url.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+/// HTTP-based XML description provider (UPnP device description.xml)
+pub struct HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
+    timeout_secs: u64,
 }

 // --- capabilities detection unchanged ---
@@ -604,98 +671,30 @@ fn detect_renderer_protocol(caps: &RendererCapabilities) -> RendererProtocol {
        || caps.has_oh_radio;

    match (has_upnp_av, has_openhome) {
-        (true, true) => RendererProtocol::Hybrid,
+        (true, true) => RendererProtocol::OpenHomeHybrid,
        (true, false) => RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly,
        (false, true) => RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly,
        (false, false) => RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly,
    }
 }

-/// Resolve a possibly relative controlURL against the description URL.
-///
-/// - If `control_url` is already absolute (starts with http:// or https://), it is returned as-is.
-/// - Otherwise, it is resolved against the scheme://host:port of `description_url`.
-pub(crate) fn resolve_control_url(description_url: &str, control_url: &str) -> String {
-    if control_url.starts_with("http://") || control_url.starts_with("https://") {
-        return control_url.to_string();
-    }

-    // Extract "scheme://host[:port]" from description_url
-    if let Some((scheme, rest)) = description_url.split_once("://") {
-        if let Some(pos) = rest.find('/') {
-            let authority = &rest[..pos];
-            let base = format!("{}://{}", scheme, authority);

-            if control_url.starts_with('/') {
-                return format!("{}{}", base, control_url);
-            } else {
-                return format!("{}/{}", base, control_url);
-            }
+
+/// Detect whether a renderer exposes the LinkPlay HTTP API.
+pub fn detect_linkplay_http(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> bool {
+    let Some(host) = extract_linkplay_host(location) else {
+        return false;
+    };
+
+    match fetch_status_for_host(&host, timeout) {
+        Ok(_) => true,
+        Err(err) => {
+            debug!(
+                "LinkPlay detection failed for {} (host={}): {}",
+                location, host, err
+            );
+            false
        }
    }
-
-    // Fallback: just return the raw control_url if we cannot parse
-    control_url.to_string()
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::resolve_control_url;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn resolves_relative_path_against_description() {
-        let base = "http://192.0.2.10:49152/device.xml";
-        let control = "/upnp/control/playlist";
-        let resolved = resolve_control_url(base, control);
-        assert_eq!(resolved, "http://192.0.2.10:49152/upnp/control/playlist");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn leaves_absolute_url_untouched() {
-        let url = "http://renderer.local:1400/MediaRenderer/Control";
-        let resolved = resolve_control_url("http://example.invalid/device.xml", url);
-        assert_eq!(resolved, url);
-    }
-}
-
-impl DeviceDescriptionProvider for HttpXmlDescriptionProvider {
-    fn build_renderer_info(&self, endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
-        match self.fetch_and_parse(endpoint) {
-            Ok(parsed) => {
-                let device_type = parsed.device_type.as_deref().unwrap_or("unknown");
-                debug!(
-                    "Renderer description OK for {} at {} (deviceType={})",
-                    endpoint.udn, endpoint.location, device_type
-                );
-                self.build_renderer(endpoint, &parsed)
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                warn!(
-                    "Failed to fetch/parse renderer description for {} at {}: {}",
-                    endpoint.udn, endpoint.location, err
-                );
-                None
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn build_server_info(&self, endpoint: &DiscoveredEndpoint) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-        match self.fetch_and_parse(endpoint) {
-            Ok(parsed) => {
-                let device_type = parsed.device_type.as_deref().unwrap_or("unknown");
-                debug!(
-                    "Server description OK for {} at {} (deviceType={})",
-                    endpoint.udn, endpoint.location, device_type
-                );
-                self.build_server(endpoint, &parsed)
-            }
-            Err(err) => {
-                warn!(
-                    "Failed to fetch/parse server description for {} at {}: {}",
-                    endpoint.udn, endpoint.location, err
-                );
-                None
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/errors.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/errors.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+#[derive(Error, Debug)]
+pub enum ControlPointError {
+    // Utiliser par les DeviceItems dans leur conversion vers un media renderer
+    #[error("{0} is not a MediaRenderer")]
+    IsNotAMediaRender(String),
+    #[error("{0} is not a MediaServer")]
+    IsNotAMediaServer(String),
+    #[error("Cannot build MusicRendererBackend for {0}")]
+    MusicRendererBackendBuild(String),
+    #[error("{0}")]
+    ParsingError(String),
+    #[error("OpenHome Error: {0}")]
+    OpenHomeError(String),
+    #[error("OpenHome Product source list does not expose a Playlist entry")]
+    OpenHomeNoPlaylistEntry(),
+    #[error("MusicRendererBackend {0} exposes no OpenHome services")]
+    OpenHomeNotAValidDevice(String),
+    #[error("UpnpError Error: {0}")]
+    UpnpError(String),
+    #[error("MusicRenderer operation '{0}' is not supported by backend '{1}'")]
+    UpnpOperationNotSupported(String, String),
+    #[error("Missing {0} element in SOAP body")]
+    UpnpMissingReturnValue(String),
+    #[error("Invalid {0} value: {1}")]
+    UpnpBadReturnValue(String, String),
+    #[error("Soap Error: Upnp action call {0}")]
+    SoapAction(String),
+    #[error("{0} returned UPnP error {1}: {2} (HTTP status {3})")]
+    SoapUpnpParseError(String, u32, String, u32),
+    #[error("{0} failed with HTTP status {1} and body: {2}")]
+    SoapActionWrongBody(String, u32, String),
+    #[error("Soap Error: No envelop for action {0}")]
+    SoapNoEnvelop(String),
+    #[error("ArilycTcp Error: {0}")]
+    ArilycTcpError(String),
+    #[error("LinkPlay Error: {0}")]
+    LinkPlayError(String),
+    #[error("Chromecast Error: {0}")]
+    ChromecastError(String),
+    #[error("MediaServer Error: {0}")]
+    MediaServerError(String),
+    #[error("Queue Error: {0}")]
+    QueueError(String),
+    #[error("Invalid time format: {0}")]
+    InvalidTimeFormat(String),
+    #[error("Error on snapshot: {0}")]
+    SnapshotError(String),
+    #[error("Error on ControlPoint: {0}")]
+    ControlPoint(String),
+}
+
+impl ControlPointError {
+    pub fn upnp_operation_not_supported(operation: &str, service: &str) -> Self {
+        ControlPointError::UpnpOperationNotSupported(operation.to_string(), service.to_string())
+    }
+
+    pub fn upnp_missing_return_value(value: &str) -> Self {
+        ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue(value.to_string())
+    }
+
+    pub fn upnp_bad_return_value(name: &str, value: &str) -> Self {
+        ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue(name.to_string(), value.to_string())
+    }
+
+    pub fn arilyc_tcp_error(message: &str) -> Self {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(message.to_string())
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/identity.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/identity.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+use crate::DeviceId;
+use crate::model::DeviceBasicInfo;
+
+pub trait DeviceIdentity {
+    fn id(&self) -> DeviceId;
+    fn udn(&self) -> &str;
+    fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str;
+    fn model_name(&self) -> &str;
+    fn manufacturer(&self) -> &str;
+    fn location(&self) -> &str;
+    fn server_header(&self) -> &str;
+
+    fn is_a_media_server(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+    fn is_a_music_renderer(&self) -> bool {
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Returns basic device information suitable for event notifications
+    fn basic_info(&self) -> DeviceBasicInfo {
+        DeviceBasicInfo {
+            id: self.id(),
+            friendly_name: self.friendly_name().to_string(),
+            model_name: self.model_name().to_string(),
+            manufacturer: self.manufacturer().to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/lib.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,29 +1,21 @@
 mod events;
 mod media_server_events;

-pub mod arylic_tcp;
-pub mod avtransport_client;
-pub mod capabilities;
-pub mod chromecast_discovery;
-pub mod chromecast_renderer;
-pub mod connection_manager_client;
+pub mod arylic_client;
 pub mod control_point;
 pub mod discovery;
-pub mod linkplay;
+pub mod errors;
+pub mod identity;
+pub mod linkplay_client;
+pub mod linkplay_utils;
 pub mod media_server;
 pub mod model;
 pub mod music_renderer;
-pub mod openhome;
-pub mod openhome_client;
-pub mod openhome_playlist;
-pub mod openhome_renderer;
-pub mod provider;
-pub mod queue_backend;
-pub mod queue_interne;
+pub mod online;
+pub mod queue;
 pub mod registry;
-pub mod rendering_control_client;
 pub mod soap_client;
-pub mod upnp_renderer;
+pub mod upnp_clients;

 // pmoserver extension (optional)
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
@@ -33,36 +25,27 @@ pub mod pmoserver_ext;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 pub mod sse;

+use std::time::Duration;
+
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 pub use pmoserver_ext::ControlPointExt;

-pub use arylic_tcp::ArylicTcpRenderer;
-pub use avtransport_client::{AvTransportClient, PositionInfo, TransportInfo};
-pub use capabilities::{
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
-    VolumeControl,
-};
-pub use chromecast_renderer::ChromecastRenderer;
-pub use connection_manager_client::{ConnectionInfo, ConnectionManagerClient, ProtocolInfo};
-pub use control_point::{ControlPoint, PlaylistBinding};
-pub use linkplay::LinkPlayRenderer;
-pub use media_server::{
-    MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaResource, MediaServerInfo, MusicServer, ServerId,
-    UpnpMediaServer,
-};
-pub use music_renderer::MusicRenderer;
-pub use openhome_playlist::{OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot, OpenHomePlaylistTrack};
-pub use openhome_renderer::OpenHomeRenderer;
-pub use queue_backend::{EnqueueMode, PlaybackItem, QueueSnapshot};
-pub use rendering_control_client::RenderingControlClient;
-pub use upnp_renderer::UpnpRenderer;
+pub use control_point::ControlPoint;
+pub use media_server::{MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MediaResource, UpnpMediaServer};
+pub use queue::{EnqueueMode, PlaybackItem, QueueSnapshot};

-pub use discovery::{DeviceDescriptionProvider, DiscoveredEndpoint, DiscoveryManager};
 pub use model::{
-    MediaServerEvent, RendererCapabilities, RendererEvent, RendererId, RendererInfo,
+    MediaServerEvent, PlaybackSource, RendererCapabilities, RendererEvent, RendererInfo,
    RendererProtocol,
 };
-pub use provider::HttpXmlDescriptionProvider;
-pub use registry::{DeviceRegistry, DeviceRegistryRead, DeviceUpdate};
+pub use registry::{DeviceRegistry, DeviceUpdate};

+pub use online::DeviceOnline;
 pub use soap_client::invoke_upnp_action;
+
+pub use identity::DeviceIdentity;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub struct DeviceId(pub String);
+
+const DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
--- a/pmocontrol/src/linkplay.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/linkplay.rs
@@ -1,476 +0,0 @@
-use std::char;
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::fmt;
-use std::time::Duration;
-
-use anyhow::{Context, Result, anyhow};
-use tracing::debug;
-use ureq::Agent;
-
-use crate::capabilities::{
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
-    VolumeControl,
-};
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo};
-
-const DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 3;
-const STATUS_COMMAND: &str = "getPlayerStatus";
-
-/// Renderer backend for devices exposing the LinkPlay HTTP API.
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct LinkPlayRenderer {
-    pub info: RendererInfo,
-    host: String,
-    timeout: Duration,
-}
-
-impl fmt::Debug for LinkPlayRenderer {
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
-        f.debug_struct("LinkPlayRenderer")
-            .field("id", &self.info.id)
-            .field("friendly_name", &self.info.friendly_name)
-            .field("host", &self.host)
-            .finish()
-    }
-}
-
-impl LinkPlayRenderer {
-    /// Build a LinkPlay backend from a registry snapshot.
-    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: RendererInfo) -> Result<Self> {
-        let host = extract_linkplay_host(&info.location)
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer {} has no valid LOCATION host", info.udn))?;
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            info,
-            host,
-            timeout: Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT_SECS),
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn agent(&self) -> Agent {
-        build_agent(self.timeout)
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        &self.info.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.info.friendly_name
-    }
-
-    fn send_player_command(&self, command: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let url = format!(
-            "http://{}/httpapi.asp?command=setPlayerCmd:{}",
-            self.host, command
-        );
-        self.agent()
-            .get(&url)
-            .call()
-            .with_context(|| format!("LinkPlay command {} failed for {}", command, self.host))?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn fetch_status(&self) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus> {
-        fetch_status_for_host(&self.host, self.timeout)
-    }
-}
-
-impl TransportControl for LinkPlayRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, _meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let encoded = percent_encode(uri);
-        self.send_player_command(&format!("play:{}", encoded))
-    }
-
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_player_command("resume")
-    }
-
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_player_command("pause")
-    }
-
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_player_command("stop")
-    }
-
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let secs = parse_hhmmss_to_secs(hhmmss)
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Invalid seek position format: {}", hhmmss))?;
-        self.send_player_command(&format!("seek:{}", secs))
-    }
-}
-
-impl VolumeControl for LinkPlayRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.volume)
-    }
-
-    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        let value = v.min(100);
-        self.send_player_command(&format!("vol:{}", value))
-    }
-
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.mute)
-    }
-
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        self.send_player_command(if m { "mute:1" } else { "mute:0" })
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackStatus for LinkPlayRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
-        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.playback_state())
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackPosition for LinkPlayRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
-        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.position_info())
-    }
-}
-
-/// Detect whether a renderer exposes the LinkPlay HTTP API.
-pub fn detect_linkplay_http(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> bool {
-    let Some(host) = extract_linkplay_host(location) else {
-        return false;
-    };
-
-    match fetch_status_for_host(&host, timeout) {
-        Ok(_) => true,
-        Err(err) => {
-            debug!(
-                "LinkPlay detection failed for {} (host={}): {}",
-                location, host, err
-            );
-            false
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Extract the IP/host component from a LOCATION URL.
-pub fn extract_linkplay_host(location: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    let (_, rest) = location.split_once("://")?;
-    let authority = rest.split('/').next().unwrap_or(rest);
-    let without_auth = authority.split('@').last().unwrap_or(authority);
-
-    if without_auth.starts_with('[') {
-        let end = without_auth.find(']')?;
-        let host = &without_auth[1..end];
-        if host.is_empty() {
-            None
-        } else {
-            Some(host.to_string())
-        }
-    } else {
-        let host = without_auth.split(':').next().unwrap_or("");
-        if host.is_empty() {
-            None
-        } else {
-            Some(host.to_string())
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn fetch_status_for_host(host: &str, timeout: Duration) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus> {
-    let url = format!("http://{}/httpapi.asp?command={}", host, STATUS_COMMAND);
-    let mut response = build_agent(timeout)
-        .get(&url)
-        .call()
-        .with_context(|| format!("HTTP request failed for LinkPlay status on {}", host))?;
-
-    let body = response
-        .body_mut()
-        .read_to_string()
-        .context("Failed to read LinkPlay status body")?;
-
-    parse_linkplay_status(&body)
-}
-
-fn build_agent(timeout: Duration) -> Agent {
-    Agent::config_builder()
-        .timeout_global(Some(timeout))
-        .build()
-        .into()
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-struct LinkPlayStatus {
-    state_raw: String,
-    curpos_ms: u64,
-    totlen_ms: u64,
-    track_index: Option<u32>,
-    volume: u16,
-    mute: bool,
-}
-
-impl LinkPlayStatus {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> PlaybackState {
-        match self.state_raw.as_str() {
-            "play" => PlaybackState::Playing,
-            "pause" => PlaybackState::Paused,
-            "stop" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
-            "load" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
-            other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn position_info(&self) -> PlaybackPositionInfo {
-        PlaybackPositionInfo {
-            track: self.track_index,
-            rel_time: Some(format_hms(self.curpos_ms / 1000)),
-            abs_time: None,
-            track_duration: if self.totlen_ms > 0 {
-                Some(format_hms(self.totlen_ms / 1000))
-            } else {
-                None
-            },
-            track_metadata: None,
-            track_uri: None,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-fn parse_linkplay_status(body: &str) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus> {
-    let mut map = parse_flat_json(body)?;
-
-    let state_raw = map
-        .remove("status")
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("LinkPlay status missing `status` field"))?;
-
-    let curpos_ms = parse_u64_field(&map, "curpos")?;
-    let totlen_ms = parse_u64_field(&map, "totlen")?;
-    let volume = parse_u16_field(&map, "vol")?;
-    let mute = match map.get("mute").map(|s| s.as_str()) {
-        Some("1") => true,
-        Some("0") => false,
-        Some(other) => {
-            return Err(anyhow!("Invalid LinkPlay mute value: {}", other));
-        }
-        None => return Err(anyhow!("LinkPlay status missing `mute` field")),
-    };
-
-    let track_index = map
-        .get("plicurr")
-        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u32>().ok())
-        .filter(|idx| *idx > 0);
-
-    Ok(LinkPlayStatus {
-        state_raw,
-        curpos_ms,
-        totlen_ms,
-        track_index,
-        volume,
-        mute,
-    })
-}
-
-fn parse_u64_field(map: &HashMap<String, String>, key: &str) -> Result<u64> {
-    let raw = map
-        .get(key)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("LinkPlay status missing `{}` field", key))?;
-    raw.parse::<u64>()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid `{}` value: {}", key, raw))
-}
-
-fn parse_u16_field(map: &HashMap<String, String>, key: &str) -> Result<u16> {
-    let raw = map
-        .get(key)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("LinkPlay status missing `{}` field", key))?;
-    let value = raw
-        .parse::<u16>()
-        .with_context(|| format!("Invalid `{}` value: {}", key, raw))?;
-    Ok(value.min(100))
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn parse_flat_json(input: &str) -> Result<HashMap<String, String>> {
-    let mut chars = input.chars().peekable();
-    skip_ws(&mut chars);
-    if chars.next() != Some('{') {
-        return Err(anyhow!("LinkPlay status is not a JSON object"));
-    }
-
-    let mut map = HashMap::new();
-    loop {
-        skip_ws(&mut chars);
-        match chars.peek() {
-            Some('}') => {
-                chars.next();
-                break;
-            }
-            Some(_) => {}
-            None => return Err(anyhow!("Unexpected end of JSON object")),
-        }
-
-        let key = parse_json_string(&mut chars)?;
-        skip_ws(&mut chars);
-        expect_char(&mut chars, ':')?;
-        skip_ws(&mut chars);
-        let value = parse_json_value(&mut chars)?;
-        map.insert(key, value);
-        skip_ws(&mut chars);
-
-        match chars.peek() {
-            Some(',') => {
-                chars.next();
-                continue;
-            }
-            Some('}') => {
-                chars.next();
-                break;
-            }
-            Some(other) => {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "Unexpected character '{}' while parsing JSON",
-                    other
-                ));
-            }
-            None => return Err(anyhow!("Unexpected end of JSON while parsing fields")),
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(map)
-}
-
-fn parse_json_value(chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>) -> Result<String> {
-    match chars.peek() {
-        Some('"') => parse_json_string(chars),
-        Some(ch) if ch.is_ascii_digit() || *ch == '-' => parse_json_number(chars),
-        Some('t') => {
-            expect_literal(chars, "true")?;
-            Ok("true".to_string())
-        }
-        Some('f') => {
-            expect_literal(chars, "false")?;
-            Ok("false".to_string())
-        }
-        _ => Err(anyhow!("Unsupported JSON value in LinkPlay status")),
-    }
-}
-
-fn parse_json_string(chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>) -> Result<String> {
-    if chars.next() != Some('"') {
-        return Err(anyhow!("Expected string"));
-    }
-
-    let mut out = String::new();
-    while let Some(ch) = chars.next() {
-        match ch {
-            '"' => return Ok(out),
-            '\\' => {
-                let escaped = chars.next().ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Invalid escape"))?;
-                match escaped {
-                    '"' => out.push('"'),
-                    '\\' => out.push('\\'),
-                    '/' => out.push('/'),
-                    'b' => out.push('\u{0008}'),
-                    'f' => out.push('\u{000C}'),
-                    'n' => out.push('\n'),
-                    'r' => out.push('\r'),
-                    't' => out.push('\t'),
-                    'u' => {
-                        let mut hex = String::with_capacity(4);
-                        for _ in 0..4 {
-                            let h = chars.next().ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Invalid \\u escape"))?;
-                            hex.push(h);
-                        }
-                        let code = u16::from_str_radix(&hex, 16)
-                            .with_context(|| format!("Invalid unicode escape: {}", hex))?;
-                        if let Some(c) = char::from_u32(code as u32) {
-                            out.push(c);
-                        } else {
-                            return Err(anyhow!("Invalid unicode code point: {}", code));
-                        }
-                    }
-                    other => return Err(anyhow!("Unsupported escape: {}", other)),
-                }
-            }
-            other => out.push(other),
-        }
-    }
-
-    Err(anyhow!("Unterminated JSON string"))
-}
-
-fn parse_json_number(chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>) -> Result<String> {
-    let mut out = String::new();
-
-    if matches!(chars.peek(), Some('-')) {
-        out.push('-');
-        chars.next();
-    }
-
-    while let Some(ch) = chars.peek() {
-        if ch.is_ascii_digit() || *ch == '.' {
-            out.push(*ch);
-            chars.next();
-        } else {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if out.is_empty() || out == "-" {
-        return Err(anyhow!("Invalid number"));
-    }
-
-    Ok(out)
-}
-
-fn expect_literal(
-    chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>,
-    literal: &str,
-) -> Result<()> {
-    for expected in literal.chars() {
-        match chars.next() {
-            Some(ch) if ch == expected => {}
-            _ => return Err(anyhow!("Invalid literal while parsing JSON")),
-        }
-    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn expect_char(chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>, expected: char) -> Result<()> {
-    match chars.next() {
-        Some(ch) if ch == expected => Ok(()),
-        _ => Err(anyhow!("Missing '{}' while parsing JSON", expected)),
-    }
-}
-
-fn skip_ws(chars: &mut std::iter::Peekable<std::str::Chars<'_>>) {
-    while matches!(chars.peek(), Some(ch) if ch.is_whitespace()) {
-        chars.next();
-    }
-}
-
-fn percent_encode(input: &str) -> String {
-    let mut out = String::with_capacity(input.len());
-    for b in input.bytes() {
-        match b {
-            b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'-' | b'.' | b'_' | b'~' => {
-                out.push(b as char);
-            }
-            _ => out.push_str(&format!("%{:02X}", b)),
-        }
-    }
-    out
-}
-
-fn parse_hhmmss_to_secs(s: &str) -> Option<u64> {
-    let parts: Vec<_> = s.split(':').collect();
-    if parts.len() != 3 {
-        return None;
-    }
-    let h: u64 = parts[0].parse().ok()?;
-    let m: u64 = parts[1].parse().ok()?;
-    let sec: u64 = parts[2].parse().ok()?;
-    Some(h * 3600 + m * 60 + sec)
-}
-
-fn format_hms(secs: u64) -> String {
-    let h = secs / 3600;
-    let m = (secs % 3600) / 60;
-    let s = secs % 60;
-    format!("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", h, m, s)
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/linkplay_client/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/linkplay_client/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use ureq::Agent;
+
+use crate::{
+    errors::ControlPointError,
+    model::PlaybackState,
+    music_renderer::{
+        PlaybackPositionInfo,
+        time_utils::{format_hhmmss, ms_to_seconds},
+    },
+};
+
+const STATUS_COMMAND: &str = "getPlayerStatus";
+
+/// Raw response from LinkPlay getPlayerStatus API
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct LinkPlayStatusRaw {
+    status: String,
+    curpos: String,
+    totlen: String,
+    vol: String,
+    mute: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    plicurr: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct LinkPlayStatus {
+    state_raw: String,
+    pub curpos_ms: u64,
+    pub totlen_ms: u64,
+    pub track_index: Option<u32>,
+    pub volume: u16,
+    pub mute: bool,
+}
+
+impl LinkPlayStatus {
+    pub fn playback_state(&self) -> PlaybackState {
+        match self.state_raw.as_str() {
+            "play" => PlaybackState::Playing,
+            "pause" => PlaybackState::Paused,
+            "stop" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
+            "load" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
+            other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn position_info(&self) -> PlaybackPositionInfo {
+        PlaybackPositionInfo {
+            track: self.track_index,
+            rel_time: Some(format_hhmmss(ms_to_seconds(self.curpos_ms))),
+            abs_time: None,
+            track_duration: if self.totlen_ms > 0 {
+                Some(format_hhmmss(ms_to_seconds(self.totlen_ms)))
+            } else {
+                None
+            },
+            track_metadata: None,
+            track_uri: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract the IP/host component from a LOCATION URL.
+pub fn extract_linkplay_host(location: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let (_, rest) = location.split_once("://")?;
+    let authority = rest.split('/').next().unwrap_or(rest);
+    let without_auth = authority.split('@').last().unwrap_or(authority);
+
+    if without_auth.starts_with('[') {
+        let end = without_auth.find(']')?;
+        let host = &without_auth[1..end];
+        if host.is_empty() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(host.to_string())
+        }
+    } else {
+        let host = without_auth.split(':').next().unwrap_or("");
+        if host.is_empty() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(host.to_string())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn build_agent(timeout: Duration) -> Agent {
+    Agent::config_builder()
+        .timeout_global(Some(timeout))
+        .build()
+        .into()
+}
+
+pub fn percent_encode(input: &str) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(input.len());
+    for b in input.bytes() {
+        match b {
+            b'A'..=b'Z' | b'a'..=b'z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'-' | b'.' | b'_' | b'~' => {
+                out.push(b as char);
+            }
+            _ => out.push_str(&format!("%{:02X}", b)),
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+pub fn fetch_status_for_host(
+    host: &str,
+    timeout: Duration,
+) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus, ControlPointError> {
+    let url = format!("http://{}/httpapi.asp?command={}", host, STATUS_COMMAND);
+    let mut response = build_agent(timeout).get(&url).call().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "HTTP request failed for LinkPlay status on {}",
+            host
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let body = response.body_mut().read_to_string().map_err(|e| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Failed to read LinkPlay status body : {}", e))
+    })?;
+
+    parse_linkplay_status(&body)
+}
+
+fn parse_linkplay_status(body: &str) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus, ControlPointError> {
+    let raw: LinkPlayStatusRaw = serde_json::from_str(body).map_err(|e| {
+        ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!("Failed to parse LinkPlay status JSON: {}", e))
+    })?;
+
+    let curpos_ms = raw.curpos.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!("Invalid curpos value: {}", raw.curpos))
+    })?;
+
+    let totlen_ms = raw.totlen.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!("Invalid totlen value: {}", raw.totlen))
+    })?;
+
+    let volume = raw
+        .vol
+        .parse::<u16>()
+        .map_err(|_| ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!("Invalid vol value: {}", raw.vol)))?
+        .min(100);
+
+    let mute = match raw.mute.as_str() {
+        "1" => true,
+        "0" => false,
+        other => {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!(
+                "Invalid mute value: {}",
+                other
+            )));
+        }
+    };
+
+    let track_index = raw
+        .plicurr
+        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u32>().ok())
+        .filter(|idx| *idx > 0);
+
+    Ok(LinkPlayStatus {
+        state_raw: raw.status,
+        curpos_ms,
+        totlen_ms,
+        track_index,
+        volume,
+        mute,
+    })
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/linkplay_utils.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/linkplay_utils.rs
--- a/pmocontrol/src/media_server.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/media_server.rs
@@ -1,33 +1,293 @@
-use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+use std::time::SystemTime;

-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-use pmodidl::{self, DIDLLite};
+use pmodidl::DIDLLite;
 use pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope;
 use pmoupnp::soap::error_codes;
+use tracing::{debug, warn};
 use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::model::TrackMetadata;
+use crate::online::{DeviceConnectionState, DeviceOnline};
+use crate::queue::PlaybackItem;
 use crate::soap_client::{SoapCallResult, invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout};
-
-/// Unique identifier for a media server registered by the control point.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
-pub struct ServerId(pub String);
+use crate::{DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT, DeviceId, DeviceIdentity};

 /// Snapshot of a media server discovered through UPnP SSDP.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct MediaServerInfo {
-    pub id: ServerId,
-    pub udn: String,
-    pub friendly_name: String,
-    pub model_name: String,
-    pub manufacturer: String,
-    pub location: String,
-    pub server_header: String,
-    pub online: bool,
-    pub last_seen: SystemTime,
-    pub max_age: u32,
-    pub has_content_directory: bool,
-    pub content_directory_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub content_directory_control_url: Option<String>,
+pub struct UpnpMediaServer {
+    id: DeviceId,
+    udn: String,
+    friendly_name: String,
+    model_name: String,
+    manufacturer: String,
+    location: String,
+    server_header: String,
+    has_content_directory: bool,
+    content_directory_service_type: Option<String>,
+    content_directory_control_url: Option<String>,
+    connection: Arc<Mutex<DeviceConnectionState>>,
+}
+
+impl UpnpMediaServer {
+    pub fn new(
+        id: DeviceId,
+        udn: String,
+        friendly_name: String,
+        model_name: String,
+        manufacturer: String,
+        location: String,
+        server_header: String,
+        has_content_directory: bool,
+        content_directory_service_type: Option<String>,
+        content_directory_control_url: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id,
+            udn,
+            friendly_name,
+            model_name,
+            manufacturer,
+            location,
+            server_header,
+            has_content_directory,
+            content_directory_service_type,
+            content_directory_control_url,
+            connection: DeviceConnectionState::make(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn make(
+        id: DeviceId,
+        udn: String,
+        friendly_name: String,
+        model_name: String,
+        manufacturer: String,
+        location: String,
+        server_header: String,
+        has_content_directory: bool,
+        content_directory_service_type: Option<String>,
+        content_directory_control_url: Option<String>,
+    ) -> Arc<Self> {
+        Arc::new(UpnpMediaServer::new(
+            id,
+            udn,
+            friendly_name,
+            model_name,
+            manufacturer,
+            location,
+            server_header,
+            has_content_directory,
+            content_directory_service_type,
+            content_directory_control_url,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn browse_with_flag(
+        &self,
+        object_id: &str,
+        browse_flag: &str,
+        start: u32,
+        count: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
+        let start_str = start.to_string();
+        let count_str = count.to_string();
+        let args = vec![
+            ("ObjectID", object_id.to_string()),
+            ("BrowseFlag", browse_flag.to_string()),
+            ("Filter", "*".to_string()),
+            ("StartingIndex", start_str),
+            ("RequestedCount", count_str),
+            ("SortCriteria", String::new()),
+        ];
+
+        let response = self.invoke_content_directory("Browse", None, args)?;
+        let envelope = response.envelope.ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!("Missing SOAP envelope in Browse response"))
+        })?;
+        let didl_xml = extract_result_payload(&envelope, "BrowseResponse")?;
+        map_didl_entries(&didl_xml)
+    }
+
+    fn has_content_directory(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_content_directory
+    }
+
+    fn search_impl(
+        &self,
+        container_id: &str,
+        query: &str,
+        start: u32,
+        count: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
+        let start_str = start.to_string();
+        let count_str = count.to_string();
+
+        let args = vec![
+            ("ContainerID", container_id.to_string()),
+            ("SearchCriteria", query.to_string()),
+            ("Filter", "*".to_string()),
+            ("StartingIndex", start_str),
+            ("RequestedCount", count_str),
+            ("SortCriteria", String::new()),
+        ];
+
+        let response = self.invoke_content_directory("Search", Some("search"), args)?;
+        let envelope = response.envelope.ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!("Missing SOAP envelope in Search response"))
+        })?;
+        let didl_xml = extract_result_payload(&envelope, "SearchResponse")?;
+        map_didl_entries(&didl_xml)
+    }
+
+    fn invoke_content_directory(
+        &self,
+        action: &str,
+        op_name: Option<&str>,
+        args: Vec<(&'static str, String)>,
+    ) -> Result<SoapCallResult, ControlPointError> {
+        let op = op_name.unwrap_or(action);
+        let (control_url, service_type) = self.content_directory_endpoints(op)?;
+        let borrowed_args: Vec<(&str, &str)> = args.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
+
+        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(
+            control_url,
+            service_type,
+            action,
+            &borrowed_args,
+            Some(DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT),
+        )?;
+
+        if !call_result.status.is_success() {
+            if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
+                if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
+                    if should_map_to_not_supported(action, op_name, err.error_code) {
+                        return Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+                            op,
+                            "UpnpMediaServer",
+                        ));
+                    }
+
+                    return Err(ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                        "{} failed with UPnP error {}: {}",
+                        action, err.error_code, err.error_description
+                    )));
+                }
+            }
+
+            return Err(ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                "{} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
+                action, call_result.status, call_result.raw_body
+            )));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
+            if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
+                if should_map_to_not_supported(action, op_name, err.error_code) {
+                    return Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+                        op,
+                        "UpnpMediaServer",
+                    ));
+                }
+
+                return Err(ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                    "{} returned UPnP error {}: {}",
+                    action, err.error_code, err.error_description
+                )));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(call_result)
+    }
+
+    fn content_directory_endpoints(
+        &self,
+        op_name: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(&str, &str), ControlPointError> {
+        if !self.has_content_directory {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+                op_name,
+                "UpnpMediaServer",
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let control_url = self
+            .content_directory_control_url
+            .as_deref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op_name, "UpnpMediaServer")
+            })?;
+        let service_type = self
+            .content_directory_service_type
+            .as_deref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op_name, "UpnpMediaServer")
+            })?;
+
+        Ok((control_url, service_type))
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceOnline for UpnpMediaServer {
+    fn is_online(&self) -> bool {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection Mutex Poisoned")
+            .is_online()
+    }
+    fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection Mutex Poisoned")
+            .last_seen()
+    }
+    fn has_been_seen_now(&self, max_age: u32) {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection Mutex Poisoned")
+            .has_been_seen_now(max_age)
+    }
+    fn mark_as_offline(&self) {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection Mutex Poisoned")
+            .mark_as_offline()
+    }
+    fn max_age(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection Mutex Poisoned")
+            .max_age()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceIdentity for UpnpMediaServer {
+    fn id(&self) -> DeviceId {
+        self.id.clone()
+    }
+    fn udn(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.udn
+    }
+    fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.friendly_name
+    }
+    fn model_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.model_name
+    }
+    fn manufacturer(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.manufacturer
+    }
+    fn location(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.location
+    }
+    fn server_header(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.server_header
+    }
+
+    fn is_a_media_server(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
 }

 /// Simplified view over a DIDL-Lite resource entry.
@@ -42,15 +302,45 @@ impl MediaResource {
    /// Returns true if this resource represents audio content.
    pub fn is_audio(&self) -> bool {
        let lower = self.protocol_info.to_ascii_lowercase();
+
+        // Standard case: audio/* MIME types
        if lower.contains("audio/") {
            return true;
        }
+
+        // List of known audio format subtypes (the part after the /)
+        // These are recognized regardless of the MIME type prefix
+        const AUDIO_FORMATS: &[&str] = &[
+            "flac", "ogg", "opus", "vorbis", "mp3", "mpeg", "mp4", "m4a", "aac", "wav", "wave",
+            "pcm", "wma", "webm", "ape", "alac", "aiff", "dsd", "dsf", "dff",
+        ];
+
+        // Check if any known audio format appears in the protocol_info
+        for format in AUDIO_FORMATS {
+            if lower.contains(format) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
        // protocolInfo format: protocol:network:contentFormat:additionalInfo
-        lower
-            .split(':')
-            .nth(2)
-            .map(|mime| mime.starts_with("audio/"))
-            .unwrap_or(false)
+        // Extract the MIME type (3rd field) for more precise checking
+        if let Some(mime) = lower.split(':').nth(2) {
+            // Check if it's audio/* or contains a known audio format
+            if mime.starts_with("audio/") {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // Check the subtype (part after /) for known audio formats
+            if let Some(subtype) = mime.split('/').nth(1) {
+                for format in AUDIO_FORMATS {
+                    if subtype.contains(format) {
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        false
    }
 }

@@ -74,16 +364,21 @@ pub struct MediaEntry {

 /// Backend-agnostic media browsing contract.
 pub trait MediaBrowser {
-    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>>;
-    fn browse_children(&self, object_id: &str, start: u32, count: u32) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>>;
-    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry>;
+    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError>;
+    fn browse_children(
+        &self,
+        object_id: &str,
+        start: u32,
+        count: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError>;
+    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry, ControlPointError>;
    fn search(
        &self,
        container_id: &str,
        query: &str,
        start: u32,
        count: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>>;
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError>;
 }

 /// Façade over every supported media server backend.
@@ -93,40 +388,107 @@ pub enum MusicServer {
 }

 impl MusicServer {
-    pub fn from_info(info: &MediaServerInfo, timeout: Duration) -> Result<Self> {
-        Ok(MusicServer::Upnp(UpnpMediaServer::new(
-            info.clone(),
-            timeout,
-        )))
+    pub fn from_server_info(info: &UpnpMediaServer) -> Result<MusicServer, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(MusicServer::Upnp(info.clone()))
    }

-    pub fn id(&self) -> &ServerId {
+    pub fn has_content_directory(&self) -> bool {
        match self {
-            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.id(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn info(&self) -> &MediaServerInfo {
-        match self {
-            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.info(),
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.has_content_directory(),
        }
    }
 }

+impl DeviceOnline for MusicServer {
+    fn is_online(&self) -> bool {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.is_online(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.last_seen(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn has_been_seen_now(&self, max_age: u32) {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.has_been_seen_now(max_age),
+        }
+    }
+    fn mark_as_offline(&self) {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.mark_as_offline(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn max_age(&self) -> u32 {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.max_age(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceIdentity for MusicServer {
+    fn id(&self) -> DeviceId {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.id(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn udn(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.udn(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.friendly_name(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn model_name(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.model_name(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn manufacturer(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.manufacturer(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn location(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.location(),
+        }
+    }
+    fn server_header(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            MusicServer::Upnp(u) => u.server_header(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_a_media_server(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+}
+
 impl MediaBrowser for MusicServer {
-    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        match self {
            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.browse_root(),
        }
    }

-    fn browse_children(&self, object_id: &str, start: u32, count: u32) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    fn browse_children(
+        &self,
+        object_id: &str,
+        start: u32,
+        count: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        match self {
            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.browse_children(object_id, start, count),
        }
    }

-    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry> {
+    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry, ControlPointError> {
        match self {
            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.browse_object(object_id),
        }
@@ -138,181 +500,113 @@ impl MediaBrowser for MusicServer {
        query: &str,
        start: u32,
        count: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        match self {
            MusicServer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.search(container_id, query, start, count),
        }
    }
 }

-/// Single UPnP ContentDirectory backend implementation.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct UpnpMediaServer {
-    info: MediaServerInfo,
-    timeout: Duration,
-}
-
-impl UpnpMediaServer {
-    pub fn new(info: MediaServerInfo, timeout: Duration) -> Self {
-        Self { info, timeout }
+/// Helper to convert a MediaEntry to a PlaybackItem.
+///
+/// This function filters out containers and entries without audio resources,
+/// returning None for items that cannot be played.
+pub fn playback_item_from_entry(
+    server: Arc<MusicServer>,
+    entry: &MediaEntry,
+) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
+    // Ignore containers
+    if entry.is_container {
+        debug!(
+            server_id = server.id().0.as_str(),
+            entry_id = entry.id.as_str(),
+            title = entry.title.as_str(),
+            class = entry.class.as_str(),
+            "Skipping container entry"
+        );
+        return None;
    }

-    pub fn id(&self) -> &ServerId {
-        &self.info.id
+    // Skip "live stream" entries (heuristic from example)
+    if entry.title.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("live stream") {
+        debug!(
+            server_id = server.id().0.as_str(),
+            entry_id = entry.id.as_str(),
+            title = entry.title.as_str(),
+            "Skipping 'live stream' entry"
+        );
+        return None;
    }

-    pub fn info(&self) -> &MediaServerInfo {
-        &self.info
+    // Find an audio resource
+    let resource = entry.resources.iter().find(|res| res.is_audio());
+
+    if resource.is_none() {
+        warn!(
+            server_id = server.id().0.as_str(),
+            entry_id = entry.id.as_str(),
+            title = entry.title.as_str(),
+            class = entry.class.as_str(),
+            resource_count = entry.resources.len(),
+            resources = ?entry.resources.iter().map(|r| &r.protocol_info).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            "No audio resource found for entry"
+        );
+        return None;
    }

-    fn browse_with_flag(
-        &self,
-        object_id: &str,
-        browse_flag: &str,
-        start: u32,
-        count: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
-        let start_str = start.to_string();
-        let count_str = count.to_string();
-        let args = vec![
-            ("ObjectID", object_id.to_string()),
-            ("BrowseFlag", browse_flag.to_string()),
-            ("Filter", "*".to_string()),
-            ("StartingIndex", start_str),
-            ("RequestedCount", count_str),
-            ("SortCriteria", String::new()),
-        ];
+    let resource = resource.unwrap();

-        let response = self.invoke_content_directory("Browse", None, args)?;
-        let envelope = response
-            .envelope
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in Browse response"))?;
-        let didl_xml = extract_result_payload(&envelope, "BrowseResponse")?;
-        map_didl_entries(&didl_xml)
-    }
+    let metadata = TrackMetadata {
+        title: Some(entry.title.clone()),
+        artist: entry.artist.clone(),
+        album: entry.album.clone(),
+        genre: entry.genre.clone(),
+        album_art_uri: entry.album_art_uri.clone(),
+        date: entry.date.clone(),
+        track_number: entry.track_number.clone(),
+        creator: entry.creator.clone(),
+    };

-    fn search_impl(
-        &self,
-        container_id: &str,
-        query: &str,
-        start: u32,
-        count: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
-        let start_str = start.to_string();
-        let count_str = count.to_string();
+    debug!(
+        server_id = server.id().0.as_str(),
+        entry_id = entry.id.as_str(),
+        title = entry.title.as_str(),
+        uri = resource.uri.as_str(),
+        "Created playback item"
+    );

-        let args = vec![
-            ("ContainerID", container_id.to_string()),
-            ("SearchCriteria", query.to_string()),
-            ("Filter", "*".to_string()),
-            ("StartingIndex", start_str),
-            ("RequestedCount", count_str),
-            ("SortCriteria", String::new()),
-        ];
-
-        let response = self.invoke_content_directory("Search", Some("search"), args)?;
-        let envelope = response
-            .envelope
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in Search response"))?;
-        let didl_xml = extract_result_payload(&envelope, "SearchResponse")?;
-        map_didl_entries(&didl_xml)
-    }
-
-    fn invoke_content_directory(
-        &self,
-        action: &str,
-        op_name: Option<&str>,
-        args: Vec<(&'static str, String)>,
-    ) -> Result<SoapCallResult> {
-        let op = op_name.unwrap_or(action);
-        let (control_url, service_type) = self.content_directory_endpoints(op)?;
-        let borrowed_args: Vec<(&str, &str)> = args.iter().map(|(k, v)| (*k, v.as_str())).collect();
-
-        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(
-            control_url,
-            service_type,
-            action,
-            &borrowed_args,
-            Some(self.timeout),
-        )?;
-
-        if !call_result.status.is_success() {
-            if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-                if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-                    if should_map_to_not_supported(action, op_name, err.error_code) {
-                        return Err(server_op_not_supported(op, "UpnpMediaServer"));
-                    }
-
-                    return Err(anyhow!(
-                        "{} failed with UPnP error {}: {}",
-                        action,
-                        err.error_code,
-                        err.error_description
-                    ));
-                }
-            }
-
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
-                action,
-                call_result.status,
-                call_result.raw_body
-            ));
-        }
-
-        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-            if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-                if should_map_to_not_supported(action, op_name, err.error_code) {
-                    return Err(server_op_not_supported(op, "UpnpMediaServer"));
-                }
-
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "{} returned UPnP error {}: {}",
-                    action,
-                    err.error_code,
-                    err.error_description
-                ));
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(call_result)
-    }
-
-    fn content_directory_endpoints(&self, op_name: &str) -> Result<(&str, &str)> {
-        if !self.info.has_content_directory {
-            return Err(server_op_not_supported(op_name, "UpnpMediaServer"));
-        }
-
-        let control_url = self
-            .info
-            .content_directory_control_url
-            .as_deref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| server_op_not_supported(op_name, "UpnpMediaServer"))?;
-        let service_type = self
-            .info
-            .content_directory_service_type
-            .as_deref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| server_op_not_supported(op_name, "UpnpMediaServer"))?;
-
-        Ok((control_url, service_type))
-    }
+    Some(PlaybackItem {
+        media_server_id: server.id().clone(),
+        backend_id: usize::MAX,
+        didl_id: entry.id.clone(),
+        uri: resource.uri.clone(),
+        protocol_info: resource.protocol_info.clone(),
+        metadata: Some(metadata),
+    })
 }

 impl MediaBrowser for UpnpMediaServer {
-    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    fn browse_root(&self) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        self.browse_with_flag("0", "BrowseDirectChildren", 0, 0)
    }

-    fn browse_children(&self, object_id: &str, start: u32, count: u32) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    fn browse_children(
+        &self,
+        object_id: &str,
+        start: u32,
+        count: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        self.browse_with_flag(object_id, "BrowseDirectChildren", start, count)
    }

-    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry> {
+    fn browse_object(&self, object_id: &str) -> Result<MediaEntry, ControlPointError> {
        let entries = self.browse_with_flag(object_id, "BrowseMetadata", 0, 1)?;
-        entries
-            .into_iter()
-            .next()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Object {} was not returned by the server", object_id))
+        entries.into_iter().next().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                "Object {} was not returned by the server",
+                object_id
+            ))
+        })
    }

    fn search(
@@ -321,19 +615,24 @@ impl MediaBrowser for UpnpMediaServer {
        query: &str,
        start: u32,
        count: u32,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+    ) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        self.search_impl(container_id, query, start, count)
    }
 }

-fn map_didl_entries(xml: &str) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
+fn map_didl_entries(xml: &str) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>, ControlPointError> {
    let trimmed = xml.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() {
        return Ok(Vec::new());
    }

    let didl: DIDLLite = pmodidl::parse_metadata::<DIDLLite>(trimmed)
-        .map_err(|err| anyhow!("Failed to parse DIDL-Lite payload: {}", err))?
+        .map_err(|err| {
+            ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                "Failed to parse DIDL-Lite payload: {}",
+                err
+            ))
+        })?
        .data;

    let mut entries = Vec::new();
@@ -392,11 +691,23 @@ fn map_didl_entries(xml: &str) -> Result<Vec<MediaEntry>> {
    Ok(entries)
 }

-fn extract_result_payload(envelope: &SoapEnvelope, response_suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, response_suffix)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {} element in SOAP body", response_suffix))?;
-    let result_elem = find_child_with_suffix(response, "Result")
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing Result element in {}", response_suffix))?;
+fn extract_result_payload(
+    envelope: &SoapEnvelope,
+    response_suffix: &str,
+) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    let response =
+        find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, response_suffix).ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+                "Missing {} element in SOAP body",
+                response_suffix
+            ))
+        })?;
+    let result_elem = find_child_with_suffix(response, "Result").ok_or_else(|| {
+        ControlPointError::MediaServerError(format!(
+            "Missing Result element in {}",
+            response_suffix
+        ))
+    })?;

    let payload = result_elem
        .get_text()
@@ -457,14 +768,6 @@ fn should_map_to_not_supported(action: &str, op_name: Option<&str>, error_code:
    cd_not_supported && (error_code == optional_code || error_code == invalid_action_code)
 }

-fn server_op_not_supported(op: &str, backend: &str) -> anyhow::Error {
-    anyhow!(
-        "MusicServer operation '{}' is not supported by backend '{}'",
-        op,
-        backend
-    )
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 struct UpnpError {
    pub error_code: u32,
--- a/pmocontrol/src/media_server_events.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/media_server_events.rs
@@ -8,18 +8,23 @@ use std::time::{Duration, Instant};

 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
 use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, Sender, unbounded};
-use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
+use tracing::{debug, error, info, warn};
 use ureq::{Agent, http};
 use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

 use crate::events::MediaServerEventBus;
-use crate::media_server::{MediaServerInfo, ServerId};
+use crate::media_server::MusicServer;
 use crate::model::MediaServerEvent;
-use crate::provider::resolve_control_url;
-use crate::registry::{DeviceRegistry, DeviceRegistryRead};
+use crate::registry::DeviceRegistry;
+use crate::upnp_clients::resolve_control_url;
+use crate::{DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, DeviceOnline};

 const SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 300;
 const RENEWAL_SAFETY_MARGIN_SECS: u64 = 60;
+const HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 5;
+const WORKER_LOOP_INTERVAL_MILLIS: u64 = 250;
+const RETRY_DELAY_SECS: u64 = 15;
+const SUBSCRIPTION_RESET_DELAY_SECS: u64 = 5;

 /// Launch the media server event runtime responsible for subscribing
 /// to ContentDirectory updates and forwarding notifications on the bus.
@@ -65,11 +70,47 @@ struct IncomingNotify {
    body: Vec<u8>,
 }

+impl IncomingNotify {
+    fn validate_sid(&self, expected: &Option<String>) -> bool {
+        match (&self.sid, expected) {
+            (Some(received), Some(expected)) => expected.eq_ignore_ascii_case(received),
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Manages retry timing for subscription operations
+struct RetryPolicy {
+    retry_after: Instant,
+}
+
+impl RetryPolicy {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            retry_after: Instant::now(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn should_retry(&self) -> bool {
+        Instant::now() >= self.retry_after
+    }
+
+    fn defer_retry(&mut self) {
+        self.retry_after = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(RETRY_DELAY_SECS);
+    }
+
+    fn schedule_soon(&mut self) {
+        self.retry_after = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(SUBSCRIPTION_RESET_DELAY_SECS);
+    }
+}
+
 fn run_http_listener(listener: TcpListener, notify_tx: Sender<IncomingNotify>) {
    for stream in listener.incoming() {
        match stream {
            Ok(mut stream) => {
-                if let Err(err) = stream.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(5))) {
+                if let Err(err) =
+                    stream.set_read_timeout(Some(Duration::from_secs(HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT_SECS)))
+                {
                    warn!("Failed to set read timeout on notify connection: {}", err);
                }

@@ -179,8 +220,8 @@ struct MediaServerEventWorker {
    http_timeout: Duration,
    notify_rx: Receiver<IncomingNotify>,
    listener_port: u16,
-    subscriptions: HashMap<ServerId, SubscriptionState>,
-    path_index: HashMap<String, ServerId>,
+    subscriptions: HashMap<DeviceId, SubscriptionState>,
+    path_index: HashMap<String, DeviceId>,
 }

 impl MediaServerEventWorker {
@@ -207,7 +248,7 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            self.drain_notifications();
            self.refresh_servers();
            self.renew_expiring();
-            thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(250));
+            thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(WORKER_LOOP_INTERVAL_MILLIS));
        }
    }

@@ -218,54 +259,60 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
    }

    fn refresh_servers(&mut self) {
-        let server_infos = {
+        let servers = {
            let reg = self.registry.read().unwrap();
-            reg.list_servers()
+            match reg.list_servers() {
+                Ok(servers) => servers,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to list servers: {}", e);
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
        };

-        let mut active: HashSet<ServerId> = HashSet::new();
+        let mut active: HashSet<DeviceId> = HashSet::new();

-        for info in server_infos {
-            if !info.online || !info.has_content_directory {
+        for server in servers {
+            if !server.is_online() || !server.has_content_directory() {
                continue;
            }

-            active.insert(info.id.clone());
+            active.insert(server.id());
            let entry = self
                .subscriptions
-                .entry(info.id.clone())
-                .or_insert_with(|| SubscriptionState::new(info.clone()));
-            entry.update(info);
+                .entry(server.id())
+                .or_insert_with(|| SubscriptionState::from_music_server(&server));
+            entry.update_from_server(&server);
            self.path_index
-                .insert(entry.callback_path.clone(), entry.info.id.clone());
+                .insert(entry.callback_path.clone(), entry.device_id.clone());

            if entry.event_sub_url.is_none() {
-                if entry.should_retry() {
-                    match fetch_event_sub_url(&entry.info.location, self.http_timeout) {
+                if entry.retry_policy.should_retry() {
+                    match fetch_event_sub_url(&entry.location, self.http_timeout) {
                        Ok(Some(url)) => {
                            debug!(
-                                server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                                server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                                callback = url.as_str(),
                                "ContentDirectory eventSub URL resolved"
                            );
                            entry.event_sub_url = Some(url);
-                            entry.retry_after = Instant::now();
+                            entry.retry_policy = RetryPolicy::new();
                        }
                        Ok(None) => {
                            debug!(
-                                server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                                server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                                "No ContentDirectory eventSub URL found"
                            );
-                            entry.defer_retry();
+                            entry.retry_policy.defer_retry();
                            continue;
                        }
                        Err(err) => {
                            warn!(
-                                server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                                server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                                error = %err,
                                "Failed to fetch ContentDirectory eventSub URL"
                            );
-                            entry.defer_retry();
+                            entry.retry_policy.defer_retry();
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
@@ -274,21 +321,21 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
                }
            }

-            if entry.sid.is_none() && entry.should_retry() {
+            if entry.sid.is_none() && entry.retry_policy.should_retry() {
                if let Err(err) =
                    Self::subscribe_entry(self.listener_port, self.http_timeout, entry)
                {
                    warn!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        error = %err,
                        "ContentDirectory SUBSCRIBE failed"
                    );
-                    entry.defer_retry();
+                    entry.retry_policy.defer_retry();
                }
            }
        }

-        let stale_ids: Vec<ServerId> = self
+        let stale_ids: Vec<DeviceId> = self
            .subscriptions
            .keys()
            .filter(|id| !active.contains(*id))
@@ -318,7 +365,7 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            if let Some(entry) = self.subscriptions.get_mut(&id) {
                if let Err(err) = Self::renew_entry(self.http_timeout, entry) {
                    warn!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        error = %err,
                        "Failed to renew ContentDirectory subscription"
                    );
@@ -338,8 +385,10 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            .as_ref()
            .context("EventSub URL missing for server")?;

+        let (host_header, timeout_header) = build_subscribe_headers(event_url)?;
+
        let (remote_host, remote_port) =
-            parse_host_port(event_url).context("Cannot extract host for SUBSCRIBE")?;
+            parse_host_port(event_url).context("Cannot extract host for callback")?;
        let local_ip = determine_local_ip(&remote_host, remote_port)
            .context("Cannot determine local IP for callback")?;

@@ -351,13 +400,11 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
        );

        debug!(
-            server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+            server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
            callback = callback_url.as_str(),
            "Subscribing to ContentDirectory events"
        );

-        let host_header = format!("{}:{}", remote_host, remote_port);
-        let timeout_header = format!("Second-{}", SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT_SECS);
        let callback_header = format!("<{}>", callback_url);

        let request = http::Request::builder()
@@ -391,10 +438,10 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {

        entry.sid = Some(sid);
        entry.expires_at = Some(Instant::now() + timeout);
-        entry.retry_after = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
+        entry.retry_policy.schedule_soon();

        info!(
-            server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+            server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
            "Subscribed to ContentDirectory events (timeout {}s)",
            timeout.as_secs()
        );
@@ -412,10 +459,9 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            .as_ref()
            .cloned()
            .context("SID missing for renew")?;
-        let (remote_host, remote_port) =
-            parse_host_port(event_url).context("Cannot extract host for renew")?;
-        let host_header = format!("{}:{}", remote_host, remote_port);
-        let timeout_header = format!("Second-{}", SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT_SECS);
+
+        let (host_header, timeout_header) = build_subscribe_headers(event_url)?;
+
        let request = http::Request::builder()
            .method("SUBSCRIBE")
            .uri(event_url)
@@ -439,7 +485,7 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
        .unwrap_or(Duration::from_secs(SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT_SECS));
        entry.expires_at = Some(Instant::now() + timeout);
        debug!(
-            server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+            server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
            "Renewed ContentDirectory subscription"
        );
        Ok(())
@@ -468,7 +514,7 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            Ok(req) => req,
            Err(err) => {
                warn!(
-                    server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                    server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                    error = %err,
                    "Failed to build UNSUBSCRIBE request"
                );
@@ -480,12 +526,12 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            Ok(response) => {
                if response.status().is_success() {
                    debug!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        "Unsubscribed from ContentDirectory events"
                    );
                } else {
                    warn!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        status = %response.status(),
                        "UNSUBSCRIBE returned non-success status"
                    );
@@ -493,7 +539,7 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            }
            Err(err) => {
                warn!(
-                    server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                    server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                    error = %err,
                    "UNSUBSCRIBE request failed"
                );
@@ -511,32 +557,30 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
            return;
        };

-        if let (Some(expected), Some(received)) = (&entry.sid, &notify.sid) {
-            if !expected.eq_ignore_ascii_case(received) {
-                debug!(
-                    server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
-                    expected_sid = expected.as_str(),
-                    received_sid = received.as_str(),
-                    "Ignoring notify with mismatched SID"
-                );
-                return;
-            }
+        if !notify.validate_sid(&entry.sid) {
+            debug!(
+                server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                expected_sid = entry.sid.as_deref().unwrap_or("none"),
+                received_sid = notify.sid.as_deref().unwrap_or("none"),
+                "Ignoring notify with mismatched SID"
+            );
+            return;
        }

-        for event in parse_notify_payload(&entry.info.id, &notify.body) {
+        for event in parse_notify_payload(&entry.device_id, &notify.body) {
            match &event {
                MediaServerEvent::GlobalUpdated {
                    system_update_id, ..
                } => {
                    debug!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        update_id = system_update_id.unwrap_or_default(),
                        "Broadcasting MediaServerEvent::GlobalUpdated"
                    );
                }
                MediaServerEvent::ContainersUpdated { container_ids, .. } => {
                    debug!(
-                        server = entry.info.friendly_name.as_str(),
+                        server = entry.friendly_name.as_str(),
                        changed_containers = container_ids.join(",").as_str(),
                        "Broadcasting MediaServerEvent::ContainersUpdated"
                    );
@@ -551,52 +595,63 @@ impl MediaServerEventWorker {
 }

 struct SubscriptionState {
-    info: MediaServerInfo,
+    device_id: DeviceId,
+    location: String,
+    friendly_name: String,
    event_sub_url: Option<String>,
    sid: Option<String>,
    expires_at: Option<Instant>,
    callback_path: String,
-    retry_after: Instant,
+    retry_policy: RetryPolicy,
 }

 impl SubscriptionState {
-    fn new(info: MediaServerInfo) -> Self {
+    /// Creates a new subscription state from a MusicServer
+    fn from_music_server(server: &MusicServer) -> Self {
        Self {
-            callback_path: build_callback_path(&info.id),
-            info,
+            callback_path: build_callback_path(&server.id()),
+            device_id: server.id(),
+            location: server.location().to_string(),
+            friendly_name: server.friendly_name().to_string(),
            event_sub_url: None,
            sid: None,
            expires_at: None,
-            retry_after: Instant::now(),
+            retry_policy: RetryPolicy::new(),
        }
    }

-    fn update(&mut self, info: MediaServerInfo) {
-        if self.info.location != info.location {
+    /// Updates the subscription state from a MusicServer
+    fn update_from_server(&mut self, server: &MusicServer) {
+        let new_location = server.location();
+        if self.location != new_location {
+            // Location changed - invalidate subscription
            self.event_sub_url = None;
            self.sid = None;
            self.expires_at = None;
-            self.retry_after = Instant::now();
+            self.retry_policy = RetryPolicy::new();
        }
-        self.info = info;
-    }
-
-    fn should_retry(&self) -> bool {
-        Instant::now() >= self.retry_after
-    }
-
-    fn defer_retry(&mut self) {
-        self.retry_after = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(15);
+        self.device_id = server.id();
+        self.location = new_location.to_string();
+        self.friendly_name = server.friendly_name().to_string();
    }

    fn reset_subscription(&mut self) {
        self.sid = None;
        self.expires_at = None;
-        self.retry_after = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(5);
+        self.retry_policy.schedule_soon();
    }
 }

-fn build_callback_path(id: &ServerId) -> String {
+/// Builds HTTP headers common to SUBSCRIBE requests
+fn build_subscribe_headers(event_url: &str) -> Result<(String, String)> {
+    let (remote_host, remote_port) =
+        parse_host_port(event_url).context("Cannot extract host for SUBSCRIBE")?;
+    let host_header = format!("{}:{}", remote_host, remote_port);
+    let timeout_header = format!("Second-{}", SUBSCRIPTION_TIMEOUT_SECS);
+    Ok((host_header, timeout_header))
+}
+
+fn build_callback_path(id: &DeviceId) -> String {
    let mut sanitized = String::new();
    for ch in id.0.chars() {
        if ch.is_ascii_alphanumeric() {
@@ -613,7 +668,7 @@ fn build_callback_path(id: &ServerId) -> String {
    format!("/media-server-events/{}-{:x}", sanitized, suffix)
 }

-fn parse_notify_payload(server_id: &ServerId, body: &[u8]) -> Vec<MediaServerEvent> {
+fn parse_notify_payload(server_id: &DeviceId, body: &[u8]) -> Vec<MediaServerEvent> {
    let mut events = Vec::new();
    let reader = std::io::Cursor::new(body);
    let Ok(root) = Element::parse(reader) else {
@@ -627,27 +682,21 @@ fn parse_notify_payload(server_id: &ServerId, body: &[u8]) -> Vec<MediaServerEve
    let mut system_update_id: Option<u32> = None;
    let mut container_ids: Vec<String> = Vec::new();

-    for property in root.children.iter().filter_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    }) {
-        for child in property.children.iter().filter_map(|node| match node {
-            XMLNode::Element(elem) => Some(elem),
-            _ => None,
-        }) {
-            if child.name == "SystemUpdateID" {
-                if let Some(text) = child.get_text() {
-                    let trimmed = text.trim();
-                    if let Ok(value) = trimmed.parse::<u32>() {
-                        system_update_id = Some(value);
-                    } else {
-                        system_update_id = None;
+    // Navigate through property elements
+    for property in xml_children(&root) {
+        for child in xml_children(property) {
+            match child.name.as_str() {
+                "SystemUpdateID" => {
+                    system_update_id = child
+                        .get_text()
+                        .and_then(|text| text.trim().parse::<u32>().ok());
+                }
+                "ContainerUpdateIDs" => {
+                    if let Some(text) = child.get_text() {
+                        container_ids = parse_container_update_ids(text.as_ref());
                    }
                }
-            } else if child.name == "ContainerUpdateIDs" {
-                if let Some(text) = child.get_text() {
-                    container_ids = parse_container_update_ids(text.as_ref());
-                }
+                _ => {}
            }
        }
    }
@@ -669,6 +718,14 @@ fn parse_notify_payload(server_id: &ServerId, body: &[u8]) -> Vec<MediaServerEve
    events
 }

+/// Helper to iterate over XML element children (filters out non-element nodes)
+fn xml_children(element: &Element) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Element> {
+    element.children.iter().filter_map(|node| match node {
+        XMLNode::Element(elem) => Some(elem),
+        _ => None,
+    })
+}
+
 fn parse_container_update_ids(raw: &str) -> Vec<String> {
    let trimmed = raw.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() {
@@ -700,14 +757,9 @@ fn parse_container_update_ids(raw: &str) -> Vec<String> {
 }

 fn child_text(element: &Element, name: &str) -> Option<String> {
-    for node in &element.children {
-        if let XMLNode::Element(child) = node {
-            if child.name == name {
-                return child.get_text().map(|cow| cow.into_owned());
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    None
+    xml_children(element)
+        .find(|child| child.name == name)
+        .and_then(|child| child.get_text().map(|cow| cow.into_owned()))
 }

 fn fetch_event_sub_url(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> Result<Option<String>> {
@@ -732,20 +784,18 @@ fn fetch_event_sub_url(location: &str, timeout: Duration) -> Result<Option<Strin
        None => return Ok(None),
    };

-    for node in &service_list.children {
-        if let XMLNode::Element(service) = node {
-            let Some(service_type) = child_text(service, "serviceType") else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            if !service_type
-                .to_ascii_lowercase()
-                .contains("urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:contentdirectory:")
-            {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if let Some(event_sub) = child_text(service, "eventSubURL") {
-                return Ok(Some(resolve_control_url(location, &event_sub)));
-            }
+    for service in xml_children(service_list) {
+        let Some(service_type) = child_text(service, "serviceType") else {
+            continue;
+        };
+        if !service_type
+            .to_ascii_lowercase()
+            .contains("urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:contentdirectory:")
+        {
+            continue;
+        }
+        if let Some(event_sub) = child_text(service, "eventSubURL") {
+            return Ok(Some(resolve_control_url(location, &event_sub)));
        }
    }

--- a/pmocontrol/src/model.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/model.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,87 @@
-use crate::capabilities::{PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState};
-use crate::control_point::PlaylistBinding;
-use crate::media_server::{MediaServerInfo, ServerId};
+use crate::music_renderer::{PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaylistBinding};
+use crate::{DeviceId, DeviceIdentity};

-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct RendererId(pub String);
+/// Basic device information for event notifications
+/// Contains only the essential identification fields
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct DeviceBasicInfo {
+    pub id: DeviceId,
+    pub friendly_name: String,
+    pub model_name: String,
+    pub manufacturer: String,
+}
+
+impl DeviceBasicInfo {
+    /// Create from any type implementing DeviceIdentity
+    pub fn from_device<D: DeviceIdentity>(device: &D) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: device.id(),
+            friendly_name: device.friendly_name().to_string(),
+            model_name: device.model_name().to_string(),
+            manufacturer: device.manufacturer().to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// High-level playback state across backends.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum PlaybackState {
+    Stopped,
+    Playing,
+    Paused,
+    Transitioning,
+    NoMedia,
+    /// Backend-specific or unknown state string.
+    Unknown(String),
+}
+
+impl PlaybackState {
+    /// Map a raw UPnP AVTransport CurrentTransportState string
+    /// to a logical PlaybackState.
+    pub fn from_upnp_state(raw: &str) -> Self {
+        let s = raw.trim().to_ascii_uppercase();
+        match s.as_str() {
+            "STOPPED" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
+            "PLAYING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
+            "PAUSED_PLAYBACK" => PlaybackState::Paused,
+            // States from the AVTransport spec that we normalize:
+            "PAUSED_RECORDING" => PlaybackState::Paused,
+            "RECORDING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
+            // Common vendor-specific states:
+            "TRANSITIONING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
+            "BUFFERING" | "PREPARING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
+            "NO_MEDIA_PRESENT" => PlaybackState::NoMedia,
+            _ => PlaybackState::Unknown(raw.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a human-readable label for the playback state.
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &str {
+        match self {
+            PlaybackState::Stopped => "STOPPED",
+            PlaybackState::Playing => "PLAYING",
+            PlaybackState::Paused => "PAUSED",
+            PlaybackState::Transitioning => "TRANSITIONING",
+            PlaybackState::NoMedia => "NO_MEDIA",
+            PlaybackState::Unknown(s) => s.as_str(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Indicates the source of the current playback.
+///
+/// This helps the control point distinguish between playback initiated
+/// from the queue vs external sources (e.g., user playing from another app).
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum PlaybackSource {
+    /// No playback active or source unknown.
+    #[default]
+    None,
+    /// Playback was started from the control point's queue.
+    FromQueue,
+    /// Playback was started externally (e.g., from another app).
+    External,
+}

 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
 pub struct TrackMetadata {
@@ -17,11 +95,11 @@ pub struct TrackMetadata {
    pub creator: Option<String>,
 }

-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Copy)]
 pub enum RendererProtocol {
    UpnpAvOnly,
    OpenHomeOnly,
-    Hybrid,
+    OpenHomeHybrid,
    ChromecastOnly,
 }

@@ -47,6 +125,74 @@ pub struct RendererCapabilities {
 }

 impl RendererCapabilities {
+    pub fn make(
+        has_avtransport: bool,
+        has_avtransport_set_next: bool,
+        has_rendering_control: bool,
+        has_connection_manager: bool,
+        has_linkplay_http: bool,
+        has_arylic_tcp: bool,
+        has_oh_playlist: bool,
+        has_oh_volume: bool,
+        has_oh_info: bool,
+        has_oh_time: bool,
+        has_oh_radio: bool,
+        has_chromecast: bool,
+    ) -> Self {
+        RendererCapabilities {
+            has_avtransport,
+            has_avtransport_set_next,
+            has_rendering_control,
+            has_connection_manager,
+            has_linkplay_http,
+            has_arylic_tcp,
+            has_oh_playlist,
+            has_oh_volume,
+            has_oh_info,
+            has_oh_time,
+            has_oh_radio,
+            has_chromecast,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_avtransport(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_avtransport
+    }
+    pub fn has_avtransport_set_next(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_avtransport_set_next
+    }
+    pub fn has_rendering_control(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_rendering_control
+    }
+    pub fn has_connection_manager(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_connection_manager
+    }
+    pub fn has_linkplay_http(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_linkplay_http
+    }
+    pub fn has_arylic_tcp(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_arylic_tcp
+    }
+    pub fn has_oh_playlist(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_oh_playlist
+    }
+    pub fn has_oh_volume(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_oh_volume
+    }
+    pub fn has_oh_info(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_oh_info
+    }
+    pub fn has_oh_time(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_oh_time
+    }
+    pub fn has_oh_radio(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_oh_radio
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_chromecast(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_chromecast
+    }
+
    pub fn supports_set_next(&self) -> bool {
        self.has_avtransport && self.has_avtransport_set_next
    }
@@ -54,98 +200,264 @@ impl RendererCapabilities {

 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct RendererInfo {
-    pub id: RendererId,
-    pub udn: String,
-    pub friendly_name: String,
-    pub model_name: String,
-    pub manufacturer: String,
+    id: DeviceId,
+    udn: String,
+    friendly_name: String,
+    model_name: String,
+    manufacturer: String,

-    pub protocol: RendererProtocol,
-    pub capabilities: RendererCapabilities,
+    protocol: RendererProtocol,
+    capabilities: RendererCapabilities,

-    pub location: String,
-    pub server_header: String,
-    pub online: bool,
-    pub last_seen: std::time::SystemTime,
-    pub max_age: u32,
+    location: String,

-    pub avtransport_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub avtransport_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub rendering_control_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub rendering_control_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub connection_manager_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub connection_manager_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_playlist_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_playlist_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_playlist_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_info_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_info_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_info_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_time_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_time_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_time_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_volume_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_volume_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_radio_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_radio_control_url: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_product_service_type: Option<String>,
-    pub oh_product_control_url: Option<String>,
+    server_header: String,
+    avtransport_service_type: Option<String>,
+    avtransport_control_url: Option<String>,
+    rendering_control_service_type: Option<String>,
+    rendering_control_control_url: Option<String>,
+    connection_manager_service_type: Option<String>,
+    connection_manager_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_playlist_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_playlist_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_playlist_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_info_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_info_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_info_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_time_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_time_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_time_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_volume_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_volume_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_radio_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_radio_control_url: Option<String>,
+    oh_product_service_type: Option<String>,
+    oh_product_control_url: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl RendererInfo {
+    pub fn make(
+        id: DeviceId,
+        udn: String,
+        friendly_name: String,
+        model_name: String,
+        manufacturer: String,
+        protocol: RendererProtocol,
+        capabilities: RendererCapabilities,
+        location: String,
+        server_header: String,
+        avtransport_service_type: Option<String>,
+        avtransport_control_url: Option<String>,
+        rendering_control_service_type: Option<String>,
+        rendering_control_control_url: Option<String>,
+        connection_manager_service_type: Option<String>,
+        connection_manager_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_playlist_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_playlist_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_playlist_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_info_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_info_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_info_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_time_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_time_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_time_event_sub_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_volume_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_volume_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_radio_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_radio_control_url: Option<String>,
+        oh_product_service_type: Option<String>,
+        oh_product_control_url: Option<String>,
+    ) -> RendererInfo {
+        RendererInfo {
+            id,
+            udn,
+            friendly_name,
+            model_name,
+            manufacturer,
+            protocol,
+            capabilities,
+            location,
+            server_header,
+            avtransport_service_type,
+            avtransport_control_url,
+            rendering_control_service_type,
+            rendering_control_control_url,
+            connection_manager_service_type,
+            connection_manager_control_url,
+            oh_playlist_service_type,
+            oh_playlist_control_url,
+            oh_playlist_event_sub_url,
+            oh_info_service_type,
+            oh_info_control_url,
+            oh_info_event_sub_url,
+            oh_time_service_type,
+            oh_time_control_url,
+            oh_time_event_sub_url,
+            oh_volume_service_type,
+            oh_volume_control_url,
+            oh_radio_service_type,
+            oh_radio_control_url,
+            oh_product_service_type,
+            oh_product_control_url,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn protocol(&self) -> RendererProtocol {
+        self.protocol
+    }
+
+    pub fn capabilities(&self) -> &RendererCapabilities {
+        &self.capabilities
+    }
+
+    pub fn avtransport_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.avtransport_service_type.clone()
+    }
+
+    pub fn avtransport_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.avtransport_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn rendering_control_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.rendering_control_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn rendering_control_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.rendering_control_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn connection_manager_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.connection_manager_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn connection_manager_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.connection_manager_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_playlist_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_playlist_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_playlist_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_playlist_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_info_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_info_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_time_event_sub_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_time_event_sub_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_volume_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_volume_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_volume_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_volume_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_radio_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_radio_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_radio_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_radio_control_url.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_product_service_type(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_product_service_type.clone()
+    }
+    pub fn oh_product_control_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        self.oh_product_control_url.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceIdentity for RendererInfo {
+    fn id(&self) -> DeviceId {
+        self.id.clone()
+    }
+    fn udn(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.udn
+    }
+    fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.friendly_name
+    }
+    fn model_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.model_name
+    }
+    fn manufacturer(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.manufacturer
+    }
+    fn location(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.location
+    }
+    fn server_header(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.server_header
+    }
+
+    fn is_a_music_renderer(&self) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum RendererEvent {
    StateChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        state: PlaybackState,
    },
    PositionChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        position: PlaybackPositionInfo,
    },
    VolumeChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        volume: u16,
    },
    MuteChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        mute: bool,
    },
    MetadataChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        metadata: TrackMetadata,
    },
    QueueUpdated {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        queue_length: usize,
    },
    BindingChanged {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
        binding: Option<PlaylistBinding>,
    },
    Online {
-        id: RendererId,
-        info: RendererInfo,
+        id: DeviceId,
+        info: DeviceBasicInfo,
    },
    Offline {
-        id: RendererId,
+        id: DeviceId,
    },
 }

 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum MediaServerEvent {
    GlobalUpdated {
-        server_id: ServerId,
+        server_id: DeviceId,
        system_update_id: Option<u32>,
    },
    ContainersUpdated {
-        server_id: ServerId,
+        server_id: DeviceId,
        container_ids: Vec<String>,
    },
    Online {
-        server_id: ServerId,
-        info: MediaServerInfo,
+        server_id: DeviceId,
+        info: DeviceBasicInfo,
    },
    Offline {
-        server_id: ServerId,
+        server_id: DeviceId,
    },
 }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer.rs
@@ -1,521 +0,0 @@
-//! Backend-agnostic music renderer façade for PMOMusic.
-//!
-//! `MusicRenderer` wraps every supported backend (UPnP AV/DLNA, OpenHome,
-//! LinkPlay HTTP, Arylic TCP, Chromecast, and the hybrid UPnP + Arylic pairing) behind a
-//! single control surface. Higher layers in PMOMusic must only interact with
-//! renderers through this type so that transport, volume, and state queries
-//! stay backend-neutral.
-
-use std::sync::{Arc, OnceLock, RwLock};
-
-use crate::capabilities::{PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus};
-use crate::control_point::RendererRuntimeStateMut;
-use crate::control_point::music_queue::MusicQueue;
-use crate::control_point::openhome_queue::didl_id_from_metadata;
-use crate::media_server::ServerId;
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
-use crate::openhome_client::parse_track_metadata_from_didl;
-use crate::openhome_playlist::OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot;
-use crate::queue_backend::PlaybackItem;
-use crate::{
-    ArylicTcpRenderer, ChromecastRenderer, DeviceRegistry, LinkPlayRenderer, OpenHomeRenderer,
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackState, TransportControl, UpnpRenderer, VolumeControl,
-};
-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-use tracing::warn;
-
-/// Backend-agnostic façade exposing transport, volume, and status contracts.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub enum MusicRenderer {
-    /// Classic UPnP AV / DLNA renderer (AVTransport + RenderingControl).
-    Upnp(UpnpRenderer),
-    /// Renderer powered by OpenHome services.
-    OpenHome(OpenHomeRenderer),
-    /// Renderer controlled via the LinkPlay HTTP API.
-    LinkPlay(LinkPlayRenderer),
-    /// Renderer reachable through the Arylic TCP control protocol (port 8899).
-    ArylicTcp(ArylicTcpRenderer),
-    /// Renderer controlled via the Google Cast protocol (Chromecast).
-    Chromecast(ChromecastRenderer),
-    /// Combined backend using UPnP for transport + volume writes and Arylic TCP
-    /// to read detailed playback information as well as live volume/mute state.
-    HybridUpnpArylic {
-        upnp: UpnpRenderer,
-        arylic: ArylicTcpRenderer,
-    },
-}
-
-/// Build a standardized error when an operation is not supported by a backend.
-pub(crate) fn op_not_supported(op: &str, backend: &str) -> anyhow::Error {
-    anyhow!(
-        "MusicRenderer operation '{}' is not supported by backend '{}'",
-        op,
-        backend
-    )
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct RendererRuntimeState {
-    pub queue: MusicQueue,
-}
-
-pub trait OpenHomeQueueProvider: Send + Sync + 'static {
-    fn renderer_state(&self, renderer_id: &RendererId) -> Result<RendererRuntimeState>;
-    fn renderer_state_mut<'a>(
-        &'a self,
-        renderer_id: &RendererId,
-    ) -> Result<RendererRuntimeStateMut<'a>>;
-    fn invalidate_openhome_cache(&self, renderer_id: &RendererId) -> Result<()>;
-}
-
-static OPENHOME_QUEUE_PROVIDER: OnceLock<Arc<dyn OpenHomeQueueProvider>> = OnceLock::new();
-
-pub fn set_openhome_queue_provider(provider: Arc<dyn OpenHomeQueueProvider>) {
-    let _ = OPENHOME_QUEUE_PROVIDER.set(provider);
-}
-
-impl MusicRenderer {
-    /// Renderer identifier (stable within the registry).
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.id(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => r.id(),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => r.id(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.id(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.id(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(r) => r.id(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Human-friendly name reported by the device.
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.friendly_name(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => r.friendly_name(),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => r.friendly_name(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.friendly_name(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.friendly_name(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(r) => r.friendly_name(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Protocol classification (UPnP AV only, OpenHome only, hybrid).
-    pub fn protocol(&self) -> &RendererProtocol {
-        &self.info().protocol
-    }
-
-    /// Full static info as stored in the registry.
-    pub fn info(&self) -> &RendererInfo {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => &arylic.info,
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => &r.info,
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => &r.info,
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => &r.info,
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => &r.info,
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(r) => &r.info,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Return a reference to the underlying UPnP backend, if any.
-    pub fn as_upnp(&self) -> Option<&UpnpRenderer> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => Some(r),
-            _ => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Construct a music renderer from a [`RendererInfo`] and the registry.
-    ///
-    /// Returns `None` when no supported backend can be built for this renderer.
-    /// UPnP AV / hybrid renderers map either to [`MusicRenderer::LinkPlay`] (when supported)
-    /// or [`MusicRenderer::Upnp`].
-    pub fn from_registry_info(
-        info: RendererInfo,
-        registry: &Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
-    ) -> Option<Self> {
-        if matches!(
-            info.protocol,
-            RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly | RendererProtocol::Hybrid
-        ) {
-            if let Some(renderer) = {
-                let renderer = OpenHomeRenderer::new(info.clone());
-                renderer.has_any_openhome_service().then_some(renderer)
-            } {
-                return Some(MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer));
-            }
-
-            if matches!(info.protocol, RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly) {
-                warn!(
-                    renderer = info.friendly_name.as_str(),
-                    "Renderer advertises OpenHome only but exposes no usable services"
-                );
-                return None;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if matches!(info.protocol, RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly) {
-            if let Ok(renderer) = ChromecastRenderer::from_renderer_info(info.clone()) {
-                return Some(MusicRenderer::Chromecast(renderer));
-            }
-            warn!(
-                renderer = info.friendly_name.as_str(),
-                "Failed to build Chromecast renderer"
-            );
-            return None;
-        }
-
-        match info.protocol {
-            RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly | RendererProtocol::Hybrid => {
-                let has_arylic = info.capabilities.has_arylic_tcp;
-                let has_avtransport = info.capabilities.has_avtransport;
-
-                if has_arylic && has_avtransport {
-                    // Construire UpnpRenderer
-                    let upnp = UpnpRenderer::from_registry(info.clone(), registry);
-
-                    // Construire ArylicTcpRenderer
-                    match ArylicTcpRenderer::from_renderer_info(info.clone()) {
-                        Ok(arylic) => {
-                            return Some(MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, arylic });
-                        }
-                        Err(err) => {
-                            warn!(
-                                "Failed to build Arylic TCP backend for {}: {}. Falling back to UPnP only.",
-                                info.friendly_name, err
-                            );
-                            return Some(MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // Pas d’Arylic : logique existante
-                if info.capabilities.has_linkplay_http {
-                    if let Ok(lp) = LinkPlayRenderer::from_renderer_info(info.clone()) {
-                        return Some(MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp));
-                    }
-                }
-
-                Some(MusicRenderer::Upnp(UpnpRenderer::from_registry(
-                    info, registry,
-                )))
-            }
-            RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly => None,
-            RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_snapshot(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-        self.fetch_openhome_playlist_snapshot()
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fetch_openhome_playlist_snapshot(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => renderer.snapshot_openhome_playlist(),
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_snapshot",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_len(&self) -> Result<usize> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => renderer.openhome_playlist_len(),
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_len",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => renderer.openhome_playlist_ids(),
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_ids",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_clear(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(provider) = OPENHOME_QUEUE_PROVIDER.get() {
-            let result = {
-                let mut state = provider.renderer_state_mut(self.id())?;
-                match &mut *state.queue {
-                    MusicQueue::OpenHome(queue) => queue.clear(),
-                    _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                        "openhome_playlist_clear",
-                        self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-                    )),
-                }
-            };
-            if result.is_ok() {
-                provider.invalidate_openhome_cache(self.id())?;
-            }
-            result
-        } else {
-            self.fetch_openhome_playlist_clear()
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn fetch_openhome_playlist_clear(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => renderer.clear_openhome_playlist(),
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_clear",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_add_track(
-        &self,
-        uri: &str,
-        metadata: &str,
-        after_id: Option<u32>,
-        play: bool,
-    ) -> Result<u32> {
-        if let Some(provider) = OPENHOME_QUEUE_PROVIDER.get() {
-            let result = {
-                let mut state = provider.renderer_state_mut(self.id())?;
-                match &mut *state.queue {
-                    MusicQueue::OpenHome(queue) => {
-                        let playback_item =
-                            Self::playback_item_from_params(self.id(), uri, metadata)?;
-                        queue.add_playback_item(playback_item, after_id, play)
-                    }
-                    _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                        "openhome_playlist_add_track",
-                        self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-                    )),
-                }
-            };
-            if result.is_ok() {
-                provider.invalidate_openhome_cache(self.id())?;
-            }
-            result
-        } else {
-            self.fetch_openhome_playlist_add_track(uri, metadata, after_id, play)
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn openhome_playlist_play_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(provider) = OPENHOME_QUEUE_PROVIDER.get() {
-            let result = {
-                let mut state = provider.renderer_state_mut(self.id())?;
-                match &mut *state.queue {
-                    MusicQueue::OpenHome(queue) => queue.select_track_id(id),
-                    _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                        "openhome_playlist_play_id",
-                        self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-                    )),
-                }
-            };
-            if result.is_ok() {
-                provider.invalidate_openhome_cache(self.id())?;
-            }
-            result
-        } else {
-            self.fetch_openhome_playlist_play_id(id)
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn unsupported_backend_name(&self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(_) => "UPnP",
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(_) => "OpenHome",
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(_) => "LinkPlay",
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(_) => "ArylicTcp",
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(_) => "Chromecast",
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { .. } => "HybridUpnpArylic",
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn fetch_openhome_playlist_add_track(
-        &self,
-        uri: &str,
-        metadata: &str,
-        after_id: Option<u32>,
-        play: bool,
-    ) -> Result<u32> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => {
-                renderer.add_track_openhome(uri, metadata, after_id, play)
-            }
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_add_track",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn fetch_openhome_playlist_play_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(renderer) => renderer.play_openhome_track_id(id),
-            _ => Err(op_not_supported(
-                "openhome_playlist_play_id",
-                self.unsupported_backend_name(),
-            )),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn playback_item_from_params(
-        renderer_id: &RendererId,
-        uri: &str,
-        metadata_xml: &str,
-    ) -> Result<PlaybackItem> {
-        let metadata = parse_track_metadata_from_didl(metadata_xml);
-        let didl_id = didl_id_from_metadata(metadata_xml)
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("openhome:{}", renderer_id.0));
-        Ok(PlaybackItem {
-            media_server_id: ServerId(format!("openhome:{}", renderer_id.0)),
-            didl_id,
-            uri: uri.to_string(),
-            // OpenHome tracks don't provide protocolInfo, use generic default
-            protocol_info: "http-get:*:audio/*:*".to_string(),
-            metadata,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-/// Transport control façade that dispatches to whichever backend can fulfill
-/// the request, returning a standardized error if the backend lacks support.
-impl TransportControl for MusicRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.play_uri(uri, meta),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.play_uri(uri, meta),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.play_uri(uri, meta),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(_) => Err(op_not_supported("play_uri", "ArylicTcp")),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.play_uri(uri, meta),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.play_uri(uri, meta),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.play(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.play(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.play(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.play(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.play(),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.play(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.pause(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.pause(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.pause(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.pause(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.pause(),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.pause(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.stop(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.stop(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.stop(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.stop(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.stop(),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.stop(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(_) => Err(op_not_supported("seek_rel_time", "ArylicTcp")),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Volume and mute controls exposed via the façade.
-///
-/// Hybrid backends may read via Arylic TCP and write via UPnP, but callers
-/// always depend on a single [`VolumeControl`] entry point.
-impl VolumeControl for MusicRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.volume(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.volume(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.volume(),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.volume(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.volume(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.volume(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn set_volume(&self, vol: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.set_volume(vol),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.set_volume(vol),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(oh) => oh.set_volume(vol),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.set_volume(vol),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.set_volume(vol),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.set_volume(vol),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.mute(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => r.mute(),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => r.get_master_mute(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.mute(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.mute(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.mute(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.set_mute(m),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => r.set_mute(m),
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => r.set_master_mute(m),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.set_mute(m),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.set_mute(m),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.set_mute(m),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Playback-state queries sourced from the backend best suited for the job.
-///
-/// Each backend reports into [`PlaybackState`], ensuring consumers never have
-/// to reason about protocol-specific state machines.
-impl PlaybackStatus for MusicRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => PlaybackStatus::playback_state(r),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => PlaybackStatus::playback_state(r),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.playback_state(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.playback_state(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.playback_state(),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.playback_state(),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Playback-position queries that always yield a [`PlaybackPositionInfo`]
-/// regardless of the backend providing the raw transport data.
-impl PlaybackPosition for MusicRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
-        match self {
-            MusicRenderer::Upnp(r) => r.playback_position(),
-            MusicRenderer::OpenHome(r) => r.playback_position(),
-            MusicRenderer::LinkPlay(r) => r.playback_position(),
-            MusicRenderer::ArylicTcp(r) => r.playback_position(),
-            MusicRenderer::Chromecast(cc) => cc.playback_position(),
-            MusicRenderer::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.playback_position(),
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/arylic_tcp.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/arylic_tcp.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use serde::Deserialize;
+use tracing::debug;
+
+use crate::DeviceIdentity;
+use crate::arylic_client::{
+    ARYLIC_TCP_PORT, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS, send_command_no_response, send_command_optional,
+    send_command_required,
+};
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::linkplay_client::extract_linkplay_host;
+use crate::model::{PlaybackState, RendererInfo};
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
+};
+use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend;
+use crate::music_renderer::time_utils::{format_hhmmss, ms_to_seconds, parse_hhmmss_strict};
+
+/// Raw response from Arylic MCU+PINFGET command
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+struct ArylicPlaybackInfoRaw {
+    status: String,
+    curpos: String,
+    totlen: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    vol: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    mute: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    plicount: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    plicurr: Option<String>,
+}
+
+/// Backend speaking the Arylic TCP control protocol (port 8899).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    host: String,
+    port: u16,
+    timeout: Duration,
+}
+
+impl ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn send_required(&self, cmd: &str, expected: &[&str]) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+        send_command_required(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd, expected)
+    }
+
+    fn send_optional(
+        &self,
+        cmd: &str,
+        expected: &[&str],
+    ) -> Result<Option<String>, ControlPointError> {
+        send_command_optional(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd, expected)
+    }
+
+    fn send_no_response(&self, cmd: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        send_command_no_response(&self.host, self.port, self.timeout, cmd)
+    }
+
+    fn fetch_playback_info(&self) -> Result<ArylicPlaybackInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+PINFGET", &["AXX+PLY+INF"])?;
+        match parse_playback_info(&payload) {
+            Ok(info) => Ok(info),
+            Err(err) => {
+                debug!(
+                    "Failed to parse Arylic playback info for {}: {}",
+                    self.host, err
+                );
+                Err(err)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn format_volume_command(value: u16) -> String {
+        format!("MCU+VOL+{:03}", value.min(100))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_volume_payload(payload: &str) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        let data = payload.strip_prefix("AXX+VOL+").ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Unexpected volume response: {}", payload))
+        })?;
+        let value: u16 = data.trim().parse().map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Invalid volume value: {}", data))
+        })?;
+        Ok(value.min(100))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_mute_payload(payload: &str) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        let data = payload.strip_prefix("AXX+MUT+").ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Unexpected mute response: {}", payload))
+        })?;
+        match data.trim() {
+            "000" | "0" => Ok(false),
+            "001" | "1" => Ok(true),
+            other => Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+                "Invalid mute value: {}",
+                other
+            ))),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let host = extract_linkplay_host(info.location()).ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+                "Renderer {} has no valid LOCATION host",
+                info.udn()
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            host,
+            port: ARYLIC_TCP_PORT,
+            timeout: Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECS),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl TransportControl for ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn play_uri(&self, _uri: &str, _meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+            "Arylic TCP backend does not support direct URL loading.",
+            "ArylicTcpRenderer",
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_no_response("MCU+PLY-PLA")
+    }
+
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let _ = self.send_optional("MCU+PLY-PUS", &["AXX+PLY+"])?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_no_response("MCU+PLY-STP")
+    }
+
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let _ = parse_hhmmss_strict(hhmmss)?;
+        Err(ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(
+            "Arylic TCP seek_rel_time is not implemented yet for this device.".to_string(),
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl VolumeControl for ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        if let Ok(info) = self.fetch_playback_info() {
+            if let Some(vol) = info.volume {
+                return Ok(vol);
+            }
+            debug!(
+                "Arylic playback info for {} missing volume, falling back to VOL GET",
+                self.host
+            );
+        }
+        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+VOL+GET", &["AXX+VOL+"])?;
+        Self::parse_volume_payload(&payload)
+    }
+
+    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let command = Self::format_volume_command(v);
+        let _ = self.send_optional(&command, &["AXX+VOL+"])?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        if let Ok(info) = self.fetch_playback_info() {
+            if let Some(mute) = info.mute {
+                return Ok(mute);
+            }
+            debug!(
+                "Arylic playback info for {} missing mute, falling back to MUT GET",
+                self.host
+            );
+        }
+        let payload = self.send_required("MCU+MUT+GET", &["AXX+MUT+"])?;
+        Self::parse_mute_payload(&payload)
+    }
+
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let command = if m { "MCU+MUT+001" } else { "MCU+MUT+000" };
+        let payload = self.send_required(command, &["AXX+MUT+"])?;
+        let _ = Self::parse_mute_payload(&payload)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackStatus for ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        let info = self.fetch_playback_info()?;
+        Ok(info.playback_state())
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackPosition for ArylicTcpRenderer {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let info = self.fetch_playback_info()?;
+        Ok(info.position_info())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct ArylicPlaybackInfo {
+    status_raw: String,
+    curpos_ms: u64,
+    totlen_ms: u64,
+    volume: Option<u16>,
+    mute: Option<bool>,
+    playlist_size: Option<u32>,
+    track_index: Option<u32>,
+}
+
+impl ArylicPlaybackInfo {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> PlaybackState {
+        match self.status_raw.as_str() {
+            "play" => PlaybackState::Playing,
+            "pause" => PlaybackState::Paused,
+            "stop" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
+            other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn position_info(&self) -> PlaybackPositionInfo {
+        let track = match (self.track_index, self.playlist_size) {
+            (Some(idx), Some(count)) if count > 0 => Some(idx.min(count)),
+            (Some(idx), _) => Some(idx),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        PlaybackPositionInfo {
+            track,
+            rel_time: Some(format_hhmmss(ms_to_seconds(self.curpos_ms))),
+            abs_time: None,
+            track_duration: if self.totlen_ms > 0 {
+                Some(format_hhmmss(ms_to_seconds(self.totlen_ms)))
+            } else {
+                None
+            },
+            track_metadata: None,
+            track_uri: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn parse_playback_info(payload: &str) -> Result<ArylicPlaybackInfo, ControlPointError> {
+    let json_blob = payload.strip_prefix("AXX+PLY+INF").ok_or_else(|| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Unexpected playback info prefix: {}", payload))
+    })?;
+
+    // Extract JSON object between { and }, ignoring trailing & and other garbage
+    // Arylic devices send: AXX+PLY+INF{...json...}&
+    let json_start = json_blob.find('{').ok_or_else(|| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "No JSON object found in playback info: {}",
+            payload
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let json_end = json_blob.rfind('}').ok_or_else(|| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "No JSON object end found in playback info: {}",
+            payload
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let json_blob = &json_blob[json_start..=json_end];
+
+    let raw: ArylicPlaybackInfoRaw = serde_json::from_str(json_blob).map_err(|e| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!(
+            "Failed to parse Arylic playback info JSON: {}",
+            e
+        ))
+    })?;
+
+    let curpos_ms = raw.curpos.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Invalid curpos value: {}", raw.curpos))
+    })?;
+
+    let totlen_ms = raw.totlen.parse::<u64>().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("Invalid totlen value: {}", raw.totlen))
+    })?;
+
+    let volume = raw.vol.and_then(|raw_vol| match raw_vol.parse::<u16>() {
+        Ok(value) => Some(value.min(100)),
+        Err(err) => {
+            debug!("Invalid Arylic `vol` value {}: {}", raw_vol, err);
+            None
+        }
+    });
+
+    let mute = raw.mute.and_then(|raw_mute| match raw_mute.as_str() {
+        "1" => Some(true),
+        "0" => Some(false),
+        other => {
+            debug!("Invalid Arylic `mute` value {}", other);
+            None
+        }
+    });
+
+    let playlist_size = raw
+        .plicount
+        .and_then(|raw_count| match raw_count.parse::<u32>() {
+            Ok(count) if count > 0 => Some(count),
+            Ok(_) => None,
+            Err(err) => {
+                debug!("Invalid Arylic `plicount` value {}: {}", raw_count, err);
+                None
+            }
+        });
+
+    let track_index = raw
+        .plicurr
+        .and_then(|raw_idx| match raw_idx.parse::<u32>() {
+            Ok(idx) if idx > 0 => Some(idx),
+            Ok(_) => None,
+            Err(err) => {
+                debug!("Invalid Arylic `plicurr` value {}: {}", raw_idx, err);
+                None
+            }
+        });
+
+    Ok(ArylicPlaybackInfo {
+        status_raw: raw.status,
+        curpos_ms,
+        totlen_ms,
+        volume,
+        mute,
+        playlist_size,
+        track_index,
+    })
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/capabilities.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/capabilities.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// pmocontrol/src/capabilities.rs
+use anyhow::Result;
+
+use crate::{errors::ControlPointError, model::PlaybackState};
+
+/// Logical playback position across backends.
+///
+/// Times peuvent être soit en secondes, soit en "HH:MM:SS" selon ce que
+/// tu préfères pour la façade; ici je reste en String pour garder la
+/// même granularité que UPnP sans parser.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct PlaybackPositionInfo {
+    pub track: Option<u32>,
+    pub rel_time: Option<String>,       // position courante
+    pub abs_time: Option<String>,       // si pertinent
+    pub track_duration: Option<String>, // durée totale
+    pub track_metadata: Option<String>, // DIDL-Lite XML from GetPositionInfo
+    pub track_uri: Option<String>,      // Current track URI
+}
+pub trait PlaybackPosition {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError>;
+}
+
+/// Generic abstraction for playback status (transport state).
+///
+/// For UPnP AV, this is backed by AVTransport::GetTransportInfo.
+/// For OpenHome, a future implementation will adapt from OH Info/Time.
+pub trait PlaybackStatus {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError>;
+}
+
+/// Abstraction générique des capacités de transport (lecture / pause / stop / seek)
+/// indépendamment du protocole sous-jacent (UPnP AV, OpenHome, ...).
+pub trait TransportControl {
+    /// Set la ressource à lire (URI + métadonnées) et/ou commence la lecture.
+    ///
+    /// Selon l'implémentation, cette méthode peut soit :
+    /// - faire un "Set...URI" + "Play" (cas UPnP AV),
+    /// - ou configurer la file de lecture (cas OpenHome, etc.).
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Démarre ou reprend la lecture.
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Met la lecture en pause.
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Arrête la lecture.
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Seek à un temps relatif (HH:MM:SS) si supporté.
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+}
+
+/// Abstraction générique des capacités de contrôle de volume / mute.
+pub trait VolumeControl {
+    /// Retourne le volume logique courant (échelle dépendante du renderer).
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Définit le volume logique (échelle dépendante du renderer).
+    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Indique si le renderer est muet (mute activé).
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Active ou désactive le mute.
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/chromecast_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/chromecast_renderer.rs
@@ -14,16 +14,19 @@
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, Once};
 use std::thread::JoinHandle;

-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-
 use tracing::debug;

-use crate::capabilities::{
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
+use crate::DeviceIdentity;
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
    VolumeControl,
 };
-use crate::chromecast_discovery::{extract_host_from_location, extract_port_from_location};
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
+use crate::music_renderer::time_utils::{format_hhmmss_f64, parse_hhmmss_strict};
+use crate::discovery::chromecast_discovery::{extract_host_from_location, extract_port_from_location};
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::model::{PlaybackState, RendererInfo};
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend;

 use rust_cast::{
    CastDevice, ChannelMessage,
@@ -46,7 +49,6 @@ const DEFAULT_CHROMECAST_PORT: u16 = 8009;
 /// spawned to handle heartbeat responses from the device.
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct ChromecastRenderer {
-    pub info: RendererInfo,
    host: String,
    port: u16,
    stop_signal: Arc<Mutex<bool>>,
@@ -58,7 +60,6 @@ pub struct ChromecastRenderer {
 impl std::fmt::Debug for ChromecastRenderer {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("ChromecastRenderer")
-            .field("info", &self.info)
            .field("host", &self.host)
            .field("port", &self.port)
            .finish()
@@ -76,23 +77,31 @@ fn ensure_crypto_provider_initialized() {
    INIT.call_once(|| {
        // Install the default CryptoProvider (aws-lc-rs or ring, depending on features)
        let _ = rustls::crypto::CryptoProvider::install_default(
-            rustls::crypto::aws_lc_rs::default_provider()
+            rustls::crypto::aws_lc_rs::default_provider(),
        );
        tracing::debug!("Rustls CryptoProvider initialized for Chromecast connections");
    });
 }

 /// Helper function to connect to a Chromecast device.
-fn connect_to_device<'a>(host: &'a str, port: u16) -> Result<CastDevice<'a>> {
+fn connect_to_device<'a>(host: &'a str, port: u16) -> Result<CastDevice<'a>, ControlPointError> {
    // Ensure rustls crypto provider is initialized before any TLS connection
    ensure_crypto_provider_initialized();

    let device = CastDevice::connect_without_host_verification(host, port)
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to Chromecast: {}", e))?;
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to Chromecast: {}", e)))?;

-    device.connection
+    device
+        .connection
        .connect(DEFAULT_DESTINATION_ID.to_string())
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect channel: {}", e))?;
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect channel: {}", e)))?;
+
+    // Send initial gre to establish heartbeat communication
+    // This is critical per rust_caster.rs example
+    device
+        .heartbeat
+        .ping()
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to send initial heartbeat ping: {}", e)))?;

    Ok(device)
 }
@@ -107,62 +116,46 @@ fn map_player_state(player_state: &CastPlayerState) -> PlaybackState {
    }
 }

-impl ChromecastRenderer {
-    /// Creates a new ChromecastRenderer from RendererInfo.
-    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: RendererInfo) -> Result<Self> {
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for ChromecastRenderer {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
        tracing::info!(
            "ChromecastRenderer::from_renderer_info location={} for {}",
-            info.location,
-            info.friendly_name
+            info.location(),
+            info.friendly_name()
        );

-        let host = extract_host_from_location(&info.location)
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Invalid Chromecast location: {}", info.location))?;
+        let host = extract_host_from_location(info.location())
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Invalid Chromecast location: {}", info.location())))?;

-        let port = extract_port_from_location(&info.location)
-            .unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHROMECAST_PORT);
+        let port = extract_port_from_location(info.location()).unwrap_or(DEFAULT_CHROMECAST_PORT);

        let stop_signal = Arc::new(Mutex::new(false));
        let thread_handle = Arc::new(Mutex::new(None));

        tracing::info!(
            "ChromecastRenderer created for {} with host={} port={}",
-            info.friendly_name,
+            info.friendly_name(),
            host,
            port
        );

        Ok(Self {
-            info,
            host,
            port,
            stop_signal,
            thread_handle,
        })
    }
-    /// Returns the renderer ID.
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        &self.info.id
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(self)
    }

-    /// Returns the friendly name.
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.info.friendly_name
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the protocol.
-    pub fn protocol(&self) -> &RendererProtocol {
-        &self.info.protocol
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the renderer info.
-    pub fn info(&self) -> &RendererInfo {
-        &self.info
-    }
 }

 impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: play_uri({})", uri);

        // Signal any existing play thread to stop
@@ -178,8 +171,7 @@ impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {

                // Wait for thread to finish (it should see stop_signal and exit)
                // Note: device.receive() may block, so thread might take time to notice stop_signal
-                let join_result = std::thread::spawn(move || handle.join())
-                    .join();
+                let join_result = std::thread::spawn(move || handle.join()).join();

                match join_result {
                    Ok(Ok(())) => {
@@ -219,7 +211,10 @@ impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {
            };

            // Launch DefaultMediaReceiver app
-            let app = match device.receiver.launch_app(&CastDeviceApp::DefaultMediaReceiver) {
+            let app = match device
+                .receiver
+                .launch_app(&CastDeviceApp::DefaultMediaReceiver)
+            {
                Ok(app) => app,
                Err(e) => {
                    tracing::error!("Failed to launch DefaultMediaReceiver: {}", e);
@@ -243,11 +238,10 @@ impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {
                metadata: None,
            };

-            match device.media.load(
-                app.transport_id.as_str(),
-                app.session_id.as_str(),
-                &media,
-            ) {
+            match device
+                .media
+                .load(app.transport_id.as_str(), app.session_id.as_str(), &media)
+            {
                Ok(status) => {
                    tracing::info!("Media loaded successfully: {:?}", status);
                }
@@ -308,63 +302,87 @@ impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: play()");

        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

        // Get receiver status to find the active app
-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

-        let app = status.applications.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No active app found"))?;
+        let app = status
+            .applications
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No active app found")))?;

        // Connect to the app
-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

        // Get media status
-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_entry = media_status.entries.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No media session found"))?;
+        let media_entry = media_status
+            .entries
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No media session found")))?;

        // Send play command
-        device.media.play(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to play: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .media
+            .play(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to play: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }

-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: pause()");

        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

-        let app = status.applications.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No active app found"))?;
+        let app = status
+            .applications
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No active app found")))?;

-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_entry = media_status.entries.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No media session found"))?;
+        let media_entry = media_status
+            .entries
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No media session found")))?;

-        device.media.pause(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to pause: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .media
+            .pause(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to pause: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }

-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: stop()");

        // Signal the play thread to stop
@@ -379,81 +397,94 @@ impl TransportControl for ChromecastRenderer {
        // Also send stop command to the device
        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

-        let app = status.applications.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No active app found"))?;
+        let app = status
+            .applications
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No active app found")))?;

-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_entry = media_status.entries.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No media session found"))?;
+        let media_entry = media_status
+            .entries
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No media session found")))?;

-        device.media.stop(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to stop: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .media
+            .stop(app.transport_id.as_str(), media_entry.media_session_id)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to stop: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }

-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: seek_rel_time({})", hhmmss);

-        // Parse HH:MM:SS to seconds
-        let parts: Vec<&str> = hhmmss.split(':').collect();
-        if parts.len() != 3 {
-            return Err(anyhow!("Invalid time format, expected HH:MM:SS: {}", hhmmss));
-        }
-
-        let hours: u32 = parts[0].parse()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid hours in time: {}", hhmmss))?;
-        let minutes: u32 = parts[1].parse()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid minutes in time: {}", hhmmss))?;
-        let seconds: u32 = parts[2].parse()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid seconds in time: {}", hhmmss))?;
-
-        let total_seconds = (hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds) as f32;
+        let total_seconds = parse_hhmmss_strict(hhmmss)? as f32;

        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

-        let app = status.applications.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No active app found"))?;
+        let app = status
+            .applications
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No active app found")))?;

-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_entry = media_status.entries.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No media session found"))?;
+        let media_entry = media_status
+            .entries
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No media session found")))?;

-        device.media.seek(
-            app.transport_id.as_str(),
-            media_entry.media_session_id,
-            Some(total_seconds),
-            None,
-        )
-        .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to seek: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .media
+            .seek(
+                app.transport_id.as_str(),
+                media_entry.media_session_id,
+                Some(total_seconds),
+                None,
+            )
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to seek: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }
 }

 impl PlaybackStatus for ChromecastRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

        // Get receiver status to find the active app
-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

        // If no app is running, return NoMedia
        let app = match status.applications.first() {
@@ -462,12 +493,16 @@ impl PlaybackStatus for ChromecastRenderer {
        };

        // Connect to the app
-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

        // Get media status
-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

        // If no media entry, return NoMedia
        let media_entry = match media_status.entries.first() {
@@ -480,37 +515,49 @@ impl PlaybackStatus for ChromecastRenderer {
 }

 impl PlaybackPosition for ChromecastRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

        // Get receiver status to find the active app
-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

-        let app = status.applications.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No active app found"))?;
+        let app = status
+            .applications
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No active app found")))?;

        // Connect to the app
-        device.connection.connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .connection
+            .connect(app.transport_id.as_str())
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to connect to app: {}", e)))?;

        // Get media status
-        let media_status = device.media.get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get media status: {}", e))?;
+        let media_status = device
+            .media
+            .get_status(app.transport_id.as_str(), None)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get media status: {}", e)))?;

-        let media_entry = media_status.entries.first()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("No media session found"))?;
+        let media_entry = media_status
+            .entries
+            .first()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("No media session found")))?;

        // Extract position information
-        let rel_time = media_entry.current_time
-            .map(|time| format_time_hhmmss(time as f64));
+        let rel_time = media_entry
+            .current_time
+            .map(|time| format_hhmmss_f64(time as f64));

-        let track_duration = media_entry.media.as_ref()
+        let track_duration = media_entry
+            .media
+            .as_ref()
            .and_then(|m| m.duration)
-            .map(|dur| format_time_hhmmss(dur as f64));
+            .map(|dur| format_hhmmss_f64(dur as f64));

-        let track_uri = media_entry.media.as_ref()
-            .map(|m| m.content_id.clone());
+        let track_uri = media_entry.media.as_ref().map(|m| m.content_id.clone());

        Ok(PlaybackPositionInfo {
            track: Some(1),
@@ -584,21 +631,14 @@ fn detect_content_type_from_meta(uri: &str, meta: &str) -> String {
    content_type.to_string()
 }

-/// Converts seconds to HH:MM:SS format.
-fn format_time_hhmmss(seconds: f64) -> String {
-    let total_secs = seconds as u64;
-    let hours = total_secs / 3600;
-    let minutes = (total_secs % 3600) / 60;
-    let secs = total_secs % 60;
-    format!("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", hours, minutes, secs)
-}
-
 impl VolumeControl for ChromecastRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

        if let Some(level) = status.volume.level {
            Ok((level * 100.0) as u16)
@@ -607,34 +647,40 @@ impl VolumeControl for ChromecastRenderer {
        }
    }

-    fn set_volume(&self, volume: u16) -> Result<()> {
+    fn set_volume(&self, volume: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: set_volume({})", volume);

        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

        let level = (volume as f32) / 100.0;
-        device.receiver.set_volume(level)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to set volume: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .receiver
+            .set_volume(level)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to set volume: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }

-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        let status = device.receiver.get_status()
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e))?;
+        let status = device
+            .receiver
+            .get_status()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to get receiver status: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(status.volume.muted.unwrap_or(false))
    }

-    fn set_mute(&self, mute: bool) -> Result<()> {
+    fn set_mute(&self, mute: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        debug!("ChromecastRenderer: set_mute({})", mute);

        let device = connect_to_device(&self.host, self.port)?;

-        device.receiver.set_volume(mute)
-            .map_err(|e| anyhow!("Failed to set mute: {}", e))?;
+        device
+            .receiver
+            .set_volume(mute)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::ChromecastError(format!("Failed to set mute: {}", e)))?;

        Ok(())
    }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/linkplay_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/linkplay_renderer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+use std::fmt;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use ureq::Agent;
+
+use crate::DeviceIdentity;
+use crate::linkplay_client::{LinkPlayStatus, build_agent, extract_linkplay_host, fetch_status_for_host, percent_encode};
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
+    VolumeControl,
+};
+use crate::music_renderer::time_utils::{parse_hhmmss_strict};
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::model::{RendererInfo, PlaybackState};
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend;
+
+const DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 3;
+
+
+/// Renderer backend for devices exposing the LinkPlay HTTP API.
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct LinkPlayRenderer {
+    host: String,
+    timeout: Duration,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Debug for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("LinkPlayRenderer")
+            .field("host", &self.host)
+            .finish()
+    }
+}
+
+impl LinkPlayRenderer {
+
+    fn agent(&self) -> Agent {
+        build_agent(self.timeout)
+    }
+
+    fn send_player_command(&self, command: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let url = format!(
+            "http://{}/httpapi.asp?command=setPlayerCmd:{}",
+            self.host, command
+        );
+        self.agent()
+            .get(&url)
+            .call()
+            .map_err(|_| ControlPointError::ArilycTcpError(format!("LinkPlay command {} failed for {}", command, self.host)))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn fetch_status(&self) -> Result<LinkPlayStatus, ControlPointError> {
+        fetch_status_for_host(&self.host, self.timeout)
+    }
+}
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let host = extract_linkplay_host(&info.location())
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::LinkPlayError(format!("Renderer {} has no valid LOCATION host", info.udn())))?;
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            host,
+            timeout: Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT_SECS),
+        })
+    }
+
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(self)
+    }
+
+}
+
+impl TransportControl for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, _meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let encoded = percent_encode(uri);
+        self.send_player_command(&format!("play:{}", encoded))
+    }
+
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_player_command("resume")
+    }
+
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_player_command("pause")
+    }
+
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_player_command("stop")
+    }
+
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let secs = parse_hhmmss_strict(hhmmss)?;
+        self.send_player_command(&format!("seek:{}", secs))
+    }
+}
+
+impl VolumeControl for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.volume)
+    }
+
+    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let value = v.min(100);
+        self.send_player_command(&format!("vol:{}", value))
+    }
+
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.mute)
+    }
+
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.send_player_command(if m { "mute:1" } else { "mute:0" })
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackStatus for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.playback_state())
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackPosition for LinkPlayRenderer {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.fetch_status()?.position_info())
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+mod arylic_tcp;
+mod linkplay_renderer;
+
+mod upnp_renderer;
+
+mod openhome;
+mod openhome_renderer;
+
+mod capabilities;
+mod chromecast_renderer;
+
+mod musicrenderer;
+pub mod time_utils;
+
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+pub use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus,
+};
+pub use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::{MusicRenderer, PlaylistBinding};
+use crate::{
+    RendererInfo, errors::ControlPointError, music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend,
+};
+
+pub trait RendererFromMediaRendererInfo {
+    fn from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+
+    fn build_from_renderer_info(
+        renderer: &RendererInfo,
+    ) -> Result<MusicRendererBackend, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        let instance = Self::from_renderer_info(renderer)?;
+        Ok(instance.to_backend())
+    }
+
+    fn make_from_renderer_info(
+        renderer: &RendererInfo,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<Mutex<MusicRendererBackend>>, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        let backend = Self::build_from_renderer_info(renderer)?;
+        Ok(Arc::new(Mutex::new(backend)))
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/musicrenderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/musicrenderer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,965 @@
+//! Backend-agnostic music renderer façade for PMOMusic.
+//!
+//! `MusicRenderer` wraps every supported backend (UPnP AV/DLNA, OpenHome,
+//! LinkPlay HTTP, Arylic TCP, Chromecast, and the hybrid UPnP + Arylic pairing) behind a
+//! single control surface. Higher layers in PMOMusic must only interact with
+//! renderers through this type so that transport, volume, and state queries
+//! stay backend-neutral.
+
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+use std::time::SystemTime;
+
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::model::{PlaybackSource, PlaybackState, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol, TrackMetadata};
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::arylic_tcp::ArylicTcpRenderer;
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
+};
+use crate::music_renderer::chromecast_renderer::ChromecastRenderer;
+use crate::music_renderer::linkplay_renderer::LinkPlayRenderer;
+use crate::music_renderer::openhome_renderer::OpenHomeRenderer;
+use crate::music_renderer::upnp_renderer::UpnpRenderer;
+use crate::online::DeviceConnectionState;
+use crate::queue::{
+    EnqueueMode, MusicQueue, PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueFromRendererInfo, QueueSnapshot,
+};
+use crate::{DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, DeviceOnline};
+
+use tracing::warn;
+
+/// Describes a renderer's attachment to a media server playlist container.
+///
+/// When a renderer is attached to a playlist, the ControlPoint monitors the container
+/// for updates and automatically refreshes the queue when changes are detected.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct PlaylistBinding {
+    /// MediaServer that owns the playlist container.
+    pub server_id: DeviceId,
+    /// DIDL-Lite object id of the playlist container.
+    pub container_id: String,
+    /// True once at least one ContainerUpdateIDs notification has been seen.
+    pub(crate) has_seen_update: bool,
+    /// Flag used internally to signal that the queue should be refreshed
+    /// from the server container.
+    pub(crate) pending_refresh: bool,
+    /// Whether the next refresh should auto-start playback if the renderer is idle.
+    pub(crate) auto_play_on_refresh: bool,
+}
+
+/// Backend-agnostic façade exposing transport, volume, and status contracts.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum MusicRendererBackend {
+    /// Classic UPnP AV / DLNA renderer (AVTransport + RenderingControl).
+    Upnp(UpnpRenderer),
+    /// Renderer powered by OpenHome services.
+    OpenHome(OpenHomeRenderer),
+    /// Renderer controlled via the LinkPlay HTTP API.
+    LinkPlay(LinkPlayRenderer),
+    /// Renderer reachable through the Arylic TCP control protocol (port 8899).
+    ArylicTcp(ArylicTcpRenderer),
+    /// Renderer controlled via the Google Cast protocol (Chromecast).
+    Chromecast(ChromecastRenderer),
+    /// Combined backend using UPnP for transport + volume writes and Arylic TCP
+    /// to read detailed playback information as well as live volume/mute state.
+    HybridUpnpArylic {
+        upnp: UpnpRenderer,
+        arylic: ArylicTcpRenderer,
+    },
+}
+
+/// Internal state for tracking playback and control flow.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+struct MusicRendererState {
+    /// Last known track metadata (cached to avoid repeated queries).
+    last_metadata: Option<TrackMetadata>,
+    /// Source of the current playback (queue vs external).
+    playback_source: PlaybackSource,
+    /// Flag to distinguish user-requested stop from automatic events.
+    user_stop_requested: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct MusicRenderer {
+    info: RendererInfo,
+    connection: Arc<Mutex<DeviceConnectionState>>,
+    backend: Arc<Mutex<MusicRendererBackend>>,
+    queue: Arc<Mutex<MusicQueue>>,
+    playlist_binding: Arc<Mutex<Option<PlaylistBinding>>>,
+    state: Arc<Mutex<MusicRendererState>>,
+}
+
+impl MusicRenderer {
+    pub fn new(
+        info: RendererInfo,
+        backend: Arc<Mutex<MusicRendererBackend>>,
+        queue: Arc<Mutex<MusicQueue>>,
+    ) -> Arc<MusicRenderer> {
+        let connection = DeviceConnectionState::new();
+
+        let renderer = MusicRenderer {
+            info,
+            connection: Arc::new(Mutex::new(connection)),
+            backend,
+            queue,
+            playlist_binding: Arc::new(Mutex::new(None)),
+            state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(MusicRendererState::default())),
+        };
+
+        Arc::new(renderer)
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<MusicRenderer, ControlPointError> {
+        let connection = Arc::new(Mutex::new(DeviceConnectionState::new()));
+        let backend = MusicRendererBackend::make_from_renderer_info(info)?;
+        let queue = MusicQueue::make_from_renderer_info(info)?;
+
+        let renderer = MusicRenderer {
+            info: info.clone(),
+            connection,
+            backend,
+            queue,
+            playlist_binding: Arc::new(Mutex::new(None)),
+            state: Arc::new(Mutex::new(MusicRendererState::default())),
+        };
+        Ok(renderer)
+    }
+
+    pub fn info(&self) -> &RendererInfo {
+        &self.info
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the protocol.
+    fn protocol(&self) -> RendererProtocol {
+        self.info.protocol()
+    }
+
+    fn is_upnp(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(_) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_openhome(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(_) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_linkplay(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(_) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_arylictcp(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(_) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_chromecast(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(_) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_hybridupnparylic(&self) -> bool {
+        match &*self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned") {
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { .. } => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns true if this renderer is known to support SetNextAVTransportURI.
+    pub fn supports_set_next(&self) -> bool {
+        self.info.capabilities().supports_set_next()
+    }
+
+    /// Prepare the renderer for attaching a new playlist by clearing the queue and stopping playback.
+    pub fn clear_for_playlist_attach(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        // Clear the queue first
+        self.queue
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Queue mutex poisoned")
+            .clear_queue()?;
+
+        // Then stop playback (ignore errors if already stopped)
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .stop()
+            .or_else(|err| {
+                warn!(
+                    renderer = self.id().0.as_str(),
+                    error = %err,
+                    "Stop failed when preparing for playlist attach (continuing anyway)"
+                );
+                Ok(())
+            })
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current queue snapshot.
+    pub fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot, ControlPointError> {
+        self.queue
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Queue mutex poisoned")
+            .queue_snapshot()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the current queue item without advancing.
+    /// Returns the item and count of remaining items after current.
+    pub fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.queue
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Queue mutex poisoned")
+            .peek_current()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the count of items remaining after the current index.
+    pub fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        self.queue
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Queue mutex poisoned")
+            .upcoming_len()
+    }
+
+    /// Play the current item from the queue.
+    pub fn play_current_from_queue(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        let backend = self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned");
+
+        // Get the current item from the queue
+        let (item, _remaining) = queue.peek_current()?.ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::QueueError("Queue is empty, cannot play current".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        // Build DIDL metadata if available
+        let metadata_xml = item
+            .metadata
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|m| build_didl_lite_metadata(m, &item.uri, &item.protocol_info))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        // Play the URI using the backend
+        backend.play_uri(&item.uri, &metadata_xml)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Advance to and play the next item from the queue.
+    pub fn play_next_from_queue(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        let backend = self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned");
+
+        // Dequeue the next item
+        let (item, _remaining) = queue
+            .dequeue_next()?
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::QueueError("No next item in queue".to_string()))?;
+
+        // Build DIDL metadata if available
+        let metadata_xml = item
+            .metadata
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|m| build_didl_lite_metadata(m, &item.uri, &item.protocol_info))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        // Play the URI using the backend
+        backend.play_uri(&item.uri, &metadata_xml)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Transport control: play URI with metadata
+    pub fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, metadata: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .play_uri(uri, metadata)
+    }
+
+    /// Transport control: play
+    pub fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned").play()
+    }
+
+    /// Transport control: pause
+    pub fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned").pause()
+    }
+
+    /// Transport control: stop
+    pub fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned").stop()
+    }
+
+    /// Set the next URI for gapless playback (UPnP AVTransport only).
+    ///
+    /// Returns Ok if the backend supports this feature and it succeeded.
+    /// Returns Err if not supported or if it failed.
+    pub fn set_next_uri(&self, uri: &str, metadata: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let backend = self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned");
+
+        match &*backend {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.set_next_uri(uri, metadata),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.set_next_uri(uri, metadata),
+            _ => Err(ControlPointError::ControlPoint(
+                "SetNextURI not supported by this backend".to_string(),
+            )),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Transport control: seek to relative time
+    pub fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .seek_rel_time(hhmmss)
+    }
+
+    /// Volume control: get current volume
+    pub fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .volume()
+    }
+
+    /// Volume control: set volume
+    pub fn set_volume(&self, vol: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .set_volume(vol)
+    }
+
+    /// Volume control: get mute state
+    pub fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned").mute()
+    }
+
+    /// Volume control: set mute state
+    pub fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .set_mute(m)
+    }
+
+    /// Get playback state
+    pub fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .playback_state()
+    }
+
+    /// Get playback position
+    pub fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        self.backend
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Backend mutex poisoned")
+            .playback_position()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the playlist binding for this renderer.
+    pub fn set_playlist_binding(&self, binding: Option<PlaylistBinding>) {
+        *self
+            .playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned") = binding;
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current playlist binding, if any.
+    pub fn get_playlist_binding(&self) -> Option<PlaylistBinding> {
+        self.playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned")
+            .clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Clears the playlist binding.
+    pub fn clear_playlist_binding(&self) {
+        *self
+            .playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned") = None;
+    }
+
+    /// Marks the current playlist binding for refresh if it matches the given server and container.
+    /// Returns true if a matching binding was found and marked.
+    pub fn mark_binding_for_refresh(&self, server_id: &DeviceId, container_ids: &[String]) -> bool {
+        let mut binding_guard = self
+            .playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned");
+
+        if let Some(binding) = binding_guard.as_mut() {
+            if &binding.server_id == server_id && container_ids.contains(&binding.container_id) {
+                binding.pending_refresh = true;
+                binding.has_seen_update = true;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if the binding has pending_refresh flag set.
+    /// Returns false if no binding exists.
+    pub fn has_pending_refresh(&self) -> bool {
+        self.playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned")
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|b| b.pending_refresh)
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    /// Resets the pending_refresh flag to false.
+    /// Does nothing if no binding exists.
+    pub fn reset_pending_refresh(&self) {
+        if let Some(binding) = self
+            .playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned")
+            .as_mut()
+        {
+            binding.pending_refresh = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Marks the binding as pending refresh.
+    /// Returns true if a binding exists and was marked, false otherwise.
+    pub fn mark_pending_refresh(&self) -> bool {
+        self.playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned")
+            .as_mut()
+            .map(|binding| {
+                binding.pending_refresh = true;
+                true
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    /// Consumes and returns the auto_play_on_refresh flag, resetting it to false.
+    /// Returns false if no binding exists.
+    pub fn consume_auto_play(&self) -> bool {
+        self.playlist_binding
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Playlist binding mutex poisoned")
+            .as_mut()
+            .map(|binding| {
+                let auto_play = binding.auto_play_on_refresh;
+                binding.auto_play_on_refresh = false;
+                auto_play
+            })
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    /// Add items to the queue using the specified enqueue mode.
+    pub fn enqueue_items(
+        &self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        mode: EnqueueMode,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        queue.enqueue_items(items, mode)
+    }
+
+    /// Synchronize the queue with new items while preserving the current track.
+    ///
+    /// This method intelligently updates the queue:
+    /// - If the current track is in the new items, it keeps playing at the new position
+    /// - If the current track is NOT in the new items, it's preserved as the first item
+    /// - If there's no current track, the queue is simply replaced
+    pub fn sync_queue(&self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        queue.sync_queue(items)
+    }
+
+    /// Set the current queue index (for advanced use).
+    /// Note: This does NOT start playback. Use select_queue_track() to play.
+    pub fn set_queue_index(&self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        queue.set_index(index)
+    }
+
+    /// Clears the renderer's queue using the generic QueueBackend trait.
+    pub fn clear_queue(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        queue.clear_queue()
+    }
+
+    /// Adds a track to the queue.
+    ///
+    /// This is primarily for backends with persistent queues (OpenHome).
+    /// For backends without this capability, it returns an error.
+    ///
+    /// Returns the backend-specific track ID if applicable.
+    pub fn add_track_to_queue(
+        &self,
+        _uri: &str,
+        _metadata: &str,
+        _after_id: Option<u32>,
+        _play: bool,
+    ) -> Result<Option<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        // This operation requires backend-specific APIs (especially for OpenHome)
+        // that aren't exposed through the generic QueueBackend trait.
+        // The generic implementation cannot support this without more context
+        // (media_server_id, didl_id, protocol_info, etc.).
+        Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(
+            "add_track_to_queue requires backend-specific implementation".to_string(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// Selects and plays a specific track from the queue by ID.
+    ///
+    /// Converts the track ID to a position using the generic QueueBackend trait,
+    /// then plays the track.
+    pub fn select_queue_track(&self, track_id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+
+        // Convert track ID to position using generic QueueBackend trait
+        let position = queue.id_to_position(track_id)?;
+        drop(queue);
+
+        // Set the index
+        let mut queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        queue.set_index(Some(position))?;
+
+        // Get the item to play
+        let item = queue
+            .get_item(position)?
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::QueueError("Track not found".to_string()))?;
+        drop(queue);
+
+        // Build metadata XML
+        let metadata_xml = item
+            .metadata
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|m| build_didl_lite_metadata(m, &item.uri, &item.protocol_info))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        // Play the item using TransportControl
+        let backend = self.backend.lock().expect("Backend mutex poisoned");
+        backend.play_uri(&item.uri, &metadata_xml)?;
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Synchronizes the queue state with the backend.
+    ///
+    /// For backends with persistent queues (OpenHome), this refreshes the local view.
+    /// For others, this is essentially a no-op (just reads the current state).
+    pub fn sync_queue_state(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+        // Calling queue_snapshot() triggers a refresh for backends that need it
+        let _ = queue.queue_snapshot()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Plays the current item from the backend queue.
+    ///
+    /// This is primarily for backends with persistent queues (OpenHome).
+    pub fn play_current_from_backend_queue(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let queue = self.queue.lock().expect("Queue mutex poisoned");
+
+        // Get current track ID using generic QueueBackend trait
+        let track_id = queue
+            .current_track()?
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::QueueError("No current track".to_string()))?;
+
+        drop(queue);
+
+        // Play it using select_queue_track
+        self.select_queue_track(track_id)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a reference to the queue (read-only access via lock).
+    /// This is a convenience method to avoid repetitive `queue.lock().unwrap()` patterns.
+    pub fn get_queue(&self) -> std::sync::MutexGuard<'_, MusicQueue> {
+        self.queue.lock().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a mutable reference to the queue (write access via lock).
+    /// This is a convenience method to avoid repetitive `queue.lock().unwrap()` patterns.
+    pub fn get_queue_mut(&self) -> std::sync::MutexGuard<'_, MusicQueue> {
+        self.queue.lock().unwrap()
+    }
+
+    // --- Playback State Management ---
+
+    /// Gets the last known track metadata.
+    pub fn last_metadata(&self) -> Option<TrackMetadata> {
+        self.state.lock().unwrap().last_metadata.clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the last known track metadata.
+    pub fn set_last_metadata(&self, metadata: Option<TrackMetadata>) {
+        self.state.lock().unwrap().last_metadata = metadata;
+    }
+
+    /// Gets the current playback source.
+    pub fn playback_source(&self) -> PlaybackSource {
+        self.state.lock().unwrap().playback_source
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the playback source.
+    pub fn set_playback_source(&self, source: PlaybackSource) {
+        self.state.lock().unwrap().playback_source = source;
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if currently playing from queue.
+    pub fn is_playing_from_queue(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(
+            self.state.lock().unwrap().playback_source,
+            PlaybackSource::FromQueue
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Marks playback as external if currently idle (source is None).
+    pub fn mark_external_if_idle(&self) {
+        let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap();
+        if matches!(state.playback_source, PlaybackSource::None) {
+            state.playback_source = PlaybackSource::External;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Marks that the user requested a stop (to prevent auto-advance).
+    pub fn mark_user_stop_requested(&self) {
+        self.state.lock().unwrap().user_stop_requested = true;
+    }
+
+    /// Checks and clears the user stop requested flag.
+    pub fn check_and_clear_user_stop_requested(&self) -> bool {
+        let mut state = self.state.lock().unwrap();
+        let was_requested = state.user_stop_requested;
+        state.user_stop_requested = false;
+        was_requested
+    }
+}
+
+/// Helper function to build DIDL-Lite metadata XML from TrackMetadata
+fn build_didl_lite_metadata(metadata: &TrackMetadata, uri: &str, protocol_info: &str) -> String {
+    format!(
+        r#"<DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">
+<item id="0" parentID="-1" restricted="1">
+<dc:title>{}</dc:title>
+<dc:creator>{}</dc:creator>
+<upnp:artist>{}</upnp:artist>
+<upnp:album>{}</upnp:album>
+{}
+<res protocolInfo="{}">{}</res>
+</item>
+</DIDL-Lite>"#,
+        metadata.title.as_deref().unwrap_or("Unknown Title"),
+        metadata
+            .creator
+            .as_deref()
+            .or(metadata.artist.as_deref())
+            .unwrap_or("Unknown Artist"),
+        metadata.artist.as_deref().unwrap_or("Unknown Artist"),
+        metadata.album.as_deref().unwrap_or("Unknown Album"),
+        metadata
+            .album_art_uri
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|art_uri| format!("<upnp:albumArtURI>{}</upnp:albumArtURI>", art_uri))
+            .unwrap_or_default(),
+        protocol_info,
+        uri
+    )
+}
+
+impl DeviceIdentity for MusicRenderer {
+    fn id(&self) -> DeviceId {
+        self.info.id()
+    }
+
+    fn udn(&self) -> &str {
+        &*self.info.udn()
+    }
+
+    fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.info.friendly_name()
+    }
+
+    fn model_name(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.info.model_name()
+    }
+    fn manufacturer(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.info.manufacturer()
+    }
+    fn location(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.info.location()
+    }
+    fn server_header(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.info.server_header()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceOnline for MusicRenderer {
+    fn is_online(&self) -> bool {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection mutex poisoned")
+            .is_online()
+    }
+
+    fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection mutex poisoned")
+            .last_seen()
+    }
+
+    fn has_been_seen_now(&self, max_age: u32) {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection mutex poisoned")
+            .has_been_seen_now(max_age)
+    }
+
+    fn mark_as_offline(&self) {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection mutex poisoned")
+            .mark_as_offline()
+    }
+
+    fn max_age(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.connection
+            .lock()
+            .expect("Connection mutex poisoned")
+            .max_age()
+    }
+}
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for MusicRendererBackend {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        // Try OpenHome first for OpenHome-capable renderers
+        match info.protocol() {
+            RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly | RendererProtocol::OpenHomeHybrid => {
+                if let Ok(backend) = OpenHomeRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info) {
+                    return Ok(backend);
+                }
+                // If OpenHomeOnly failed, it's an error
+                if matches!(info.protocol(), RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly) {
+                    return Err(ControlPointError::MusicRendererBackendBuild(format!(
+                        "OpenHomeOnly renderer {} has no usable OpenHome services",
+                        info.friendly_name()
+                    )));
+                }
+                // OpenHomeHybrid: fall through to try UPnP-based backends
+            }
+            RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly => {
+                return ChromecastRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info);
+            }
+            RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly => {
+                // Will be handled below
+            }
+        }
+
+        // UPnP-based renderers (UpnpAvOnly or OpenHomeHybrid fallback)
+        let has_arylic = info.capabilities().has_arylic_tcp;
+        let has_avtransport = info.capabilities().has_avtransport();
+
+        // Try Hybrid UPnP + Arylic (special case: combines two backends)
+        if has_arylic && has_avtransport {
+            let upnp_backend = UpnpRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info)?;
+            if let MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) = upnp_backend {
+                match ArylicTcpRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info) {
+                    Ok(MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(arylic)) => {
+                        return Ok(MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, arylic });
+                    }
+                    Err(err) => {
+                        warn!(
+                            renderer = info.friendly_name(),
+                            error = %err,
+                            "Failed to build Arylic TCP backend, falling back to UPnP only"
+                        );
+                        return Ok(MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp));
+                    }
+                    _ => unreachable!(
+                        "ArylicTcpRenderer::build_from_renderer_info should return ArylicTcp variant"
+                    ),
+                }
+            } else {
+                unreachable!("UpnpRenderer::build_from_renderer_info should return Upnp variant");
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Try LinkPlay
+        if info.capabilities().has_linkplay_http() {
+            if let Ok(backend) = LinkPlayRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info) {
+                return Ok(backend);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Fallback to UPnP
+        if has_avtransport {
+            return UpnpRenderer::build_from_renderer_info(info);
+        }
+
+        // No suitable backend found
+        Err(ControlPointError::MusicRendererBackendBuild(format!(
+            "No suitable backend for renderer {}",
+            info.friendly_name()
+        )))
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+/// Transport control façade that dispatches to whichever backend can fulfill
+/// the request, returning a standardized error if the backend lacks support.
+impl TransportControl for MusicRendererBackend {
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.play_uri(uri, meta),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.play_uri(uri, meta),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.play_uri(uri, meta),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(_) => Err(
+                ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported("play_uri", "ArylicTcp"),
+            ),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.play_uri(uri, meta),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.play_uri(uri, meta),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.play(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.play(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.play(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.play(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.play(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.play(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.pause(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.pause(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.pause(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.pause(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.pause(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.pause(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.stop(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.stop(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.stop(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.stop(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.stop(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.stop(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(_) => Err(
+                ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported("seek_rel_time", "ArylicTcp"),
+            ),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.seek_rel_time(hhmmss),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Volume and mute controls exposed via the façade.
+///
+/// Hybrid backends may read via Arylic TCP and write via UPnP, but callers
+/// always depend on a single [`VolumeControl`] entry point.
+impl VolumeControl for MusicRendererBackend {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.volume(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.volume(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.volume(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.volume(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.volume(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.volume(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_volume(&self, vol: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { upnp, .. } => upnp.set_volume(vol),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(ary) => ary.set_volume(vol),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(oh) => oh.set_volume(vol),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(upnp) => upnp.set_volume(vol),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(lp) => lp.set_volume(vol),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.set_volume(vol),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.mute(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(r) => r.mute(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(r) => r.mute(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(r) => r.mute(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(r) => r.mute(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.mute(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.set_mute(m),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(r) => r.set_mute(m),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(r) => r.set_mute(m),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(r) => r.set_mute(m),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(r) => r.set_mute(m),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.set_mute(m),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Playback-state queries sourced from the backend best suited for the job.
+///
+/// Each backend reports into [`PlaybackState`], ensuring consumers never have
+/// to reason about protocol-specific state machines.
+impl PlaybackStatus for MusicRendererBackend {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(r) => PlaybackStatus::playback_state(r),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(r) => PlaybackStatus::playback_state(r),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(r) => r.playback_state(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(r) => r.playback_state(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.playback_state(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.playback_state(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Playback-position queries that always yield a [`PlaybackPositionInfo`]
+/// regardless of the backend providing the raw transport data.
+impl PlaybackPosition for MusicRendererBackend {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(r) => r.playback_position(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(r) => r.playback_position(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::LinkPlay(r) => r.playback_position(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::ArylicTcp(r) => r.playback_position(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::Chromecast(cc) => cc.playback_position(),
+            MusicRendererBackend::HybridUpnpArylic { arylic, .. } => arylic.playback_position(),
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/openhome.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/openhome.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+use crate::{
+    model::RendererInfo,
+    upnp_clients::{
+        OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhRadioClient, OhTimeClient,
+        OhVolumeClient,
+    },
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+pub enum OhServiceKind {
+    Playlist,
+    Info,
+    Time,
+    Volume,
+    Product,
+}
+
+impl OhServiceKind {
+    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            OhServiceKind::Playlist => "playlist",
+            OhServiceKind::Info => "info",
+            OhServiceKind::Time => "time",
+            OhServiceKind::Volume => "volume",
+            OhServiceKind::Product => "product",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct OhServiceEndpoint {
+    pub control_url: String,
+    pub service_type: String,
+}
+
+fn endpoint_for(info: &RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<OhServiceEndpoint> {
+    let (control_url, service_type) = match kind {
+        OhServiceKind::Playlist => (
+            info.oh_playlist_control_url()?,
+            info.oh_playlist_service_type()?,
+        ),
+        OhServiceKind::Info => (info.oh_info_control_url()?, info.oh_info_service_type()?),
+        OhServiceKind::Time => (info.oh_time_control_url()?, info.oh_time_service_type()?),
+        OhServiceKind::Volume => (
+            info.oh_volume_control_url()?,
+            info.oh_volume_service_type()?,
+        ),
+        OhServiceKind::Product => (
+            info.oh_product_control_url()?,
+            info.oh_product_service_type()?,
+        ),
+    };
+
+    Some(OhServiceEndpoint {
+        control_url: control_url,
+        service_type: service_type,
+    })
+}
+
+pub fn control_url_for(info: &RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<String> {
+    endpoint_for(info, kind).map(|endpoint| endpoint.control_url)
+}
+
+pub fn service_type_for(info: &RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<String> {
+    endpoint_for(info, kind).map(|endpoint| endpoint.service_type)
+}
+
+pub fn build_playlist_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhPlaylistClient> {
+    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Playlist)?;
+    Some(OhPlaylistClient::new(
+        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
+        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn build_info_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhInfoClient> {
+    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Info)?;
+    Some(OhInfoClient::new(
+        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
+        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn build_time_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhTimeClient> {
+    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Time)?;
+    Some(OhTimeClient::new(
+        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
+        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn build_volume_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhVolumeClient> {
+    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Volume)?;
+    Some(OhVolumeClient::new(
+        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
+        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn build_product_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhProductClient> {
+    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Product)?;
+    Some(OhProductClient::new(
+        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
+        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn build_radio_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhRadioClient> {
+    let control_url = info.oh_radio_control_url()?;
+    let service_type = info.oh_radio_service_type()?;
+    Some(OhRadioClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::{
+        DeviceId,
+        model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol},
+    };
+
+    fn sample_renderer_info() -> RendererInfo {
+        RendererInfo::make(
+            DeviceId("renderer".into()),
+            "renderer".into(),
+            "Renderer".into(),
+            "Model".into(),
+            "Maker".into(),
+            RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly,
+            RendererCapabilities::default(),
+            "http://host:1234/description.xml".into(),
+            "test".into(),
+            None,
+            None,
+            None,
+            None,
+            None,
+            None,
+            Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1".into()),
+            Some("http://host/oh/playlist".into()),
+            Some("http://host/events/playlist".into()),
+            Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Info:1".into()),
+            Some("http://host/oh/info".into()),
+            Some("http://host/events/info".into()),
+            Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Time:1".into()),
+            Some("http://host/oh/time".into()),
+            Some("http://host/events/time".into()),
+            Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Volume:1".into()),
+            Some("http://host/oh/volume".into()),
+            None,
+            None,
+            Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Product:1".into()),
+            Some("http://host/oh/product".into()),
+        )
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn selects_correct_playlist_endpoint() {
+        let info = sample_renderer_info();
+        let endpoint = endpoint_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Playlist).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(endpoint.control_url, "http://host/oh/playlist");
+        assert_eq!(
+            endpoint.service_type,
+            "urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn info_and_playlist_use_different_urls() {
+        let info = sample_renderer_info();
+        let playlist = control_url_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Playlist).unwrap();
+        let info_url = control_url_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Info).unwrap();
+        assert_ne!(playlist, info_url);
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/openhome_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/openhome_renderer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+use crate::DeviceIdentity;
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
+};
+use crate::music_renderer::time_utils::{format_hhmmss_u32, parse_time_flexible};
+
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::model::{PlaybackState, RendererInfo};
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend;
+use crate::music_renderer::openhome::{
+    build_info_client, build_playlist_client, build_product_client, build_radio_client,
+    build_time_client, build_volume_client,
+};
+use crate::upnp_clients::{
+    OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID, OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhRadioClient,
+    OhTimeClient, OhVolumeClient,
+};
+use tracing::debug;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OpenHomeRenderer {
+    playlist: Option<OhPlaylistClient>,
+    info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
+    time_client: Option<OhTimeClient>,
+    volume_client: Option<OhVolumeClient>,
+    product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
+    #[allow(dead_code)]
+    radio_client: Option<OhRadioClient>,
+}
+
+impl OpenHomeRenderer {
+    pub fn new(
+        playlist: Option<OhPlaylistClient>,
+        info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
+        time_client: Option<OhTimeClient>,
+        volume_client: Option<OhVolumeClient>,
+        product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
+        radio_client: Option<OhRadioClient>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            playlist,
+            info_client,
+            time_client,
+            volume_client,
+            product_client,
+            radio_client,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_playlist(&self) -> bool {
+        self.playlist.is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_info(&self) -> bool {
+        self.info_client.is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_time(&self) -> bool {
+        self.time_client.is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_volume(&self) -> bool {
+        self.volume_client.is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_any_openhome_service(&self) -> bool {
+        self.has_playlist() || self.has_info() || self.has_time() || self.has_volume()
+    }
+
+    fn playlist_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhPlaylistClient, ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Playlist")
+        })?;
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        Ok(playlist)
+    }
+
+    fn info_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhInfoClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.info_client
+            .as_ref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Info"))
+    }
+
+    fn time_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhTimeClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.time_client
+            .as_ref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Time"))
+    }
+
+    fn volume_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhVolumeClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.volume_client
+            .as_ref()
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Volume"))
+    }
+
+    fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if let Some(product) = &self.product_client {
+            product.ensure_playlist_source_selected()
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    // pub(crate) fn snapshot_openhome_playlist(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
+    //     let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("snapshot_openhome_playlist")?;
+    //     let entries = playlist.read_all_tracks()?;
+
+    //     // Get current track ID from the playlist service
+    //     let current_id = playlist.id().ok();
+
+    //     let current_index =
+    //         current_id.and_then(|id| entries.iter().position(|entry| entry.id == id));
+
+    //     debug!(
+    //         current_id = ?current_id,
+    //         current_index = ?current_index,
+    //         track_count = entries.len(),
+    //         "snapshot_openhome_playlist completed"
+    //     );
+
+    //     let tracks = entries.iter().map(convert_oh_track_entry).collect();
+
+    //     Ok(OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot {
+    //         current_id,
+    //         current_index,
+    //         tracks,
+    //     })
+    // }
+
+    /// Retourne la longueur de la playlist OpenHome sans récupérer toutes les métadonnées.
+    /// Plus rapide que snapshot_openhome_playlist() pour juste connaître le nombre de pistes.
+    pub(crate) fn openhome_playlist_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("openhome_playlist_len")?;
+        let ids = playlist.id_array()?;
+        Ok(ids.len())
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne les IDs des pistes de la playlist OpenHome.
+    /// Plus rapide que snapshot_openhome_playlist() car ne récupère pas les métadonnées.
+    pub(crate) fn openhome_playlist_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("openhome_playlist_ids")?;
+        playlist.id_array()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn clear_openhome_playlist(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("clear_openhome_playlist")?;
+        playlist.delete_all()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn add_track_openhome(
+        &self,
+        uri: &str,
+        metadata: &str,
+        after_id: Option<u32>,
+        play: bool,
+    ) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("add_track_openhome")?;
+        let insert_after = match after_id {
+            Some(id) => id,
+            None => playlist
+                .id_array()?
+                .last()
+                .copied()
+                .unwrap_or(OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID),
+        };
+
+        let new_id = playlist.insert(insert_after, uri, metadata)?;
+        if play {
+            playlist.seek_id(new_id)?;
+        }
+        Ok(new_id)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn play_openhome_track_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play_openhome_track_id")?;
+        playlist.seek_id(id)
+    }
+}
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for OpenHomeRenderer {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let renderer = OpenHomeRenderer::new(
+            build_playlist_client(&info),
+            build_info_client(&info),
+            build_time_client(&info),
+            build_volume_client(&info),
+            build_product_client(&info),
+            build_radio_client(&info),
+        );
+
+        if renderer.has_any_openhome_service() {
+            Ok(renderer)
+        } else {
+            Err(ControlPointError::OpenHomeNotAValidDevice(format!(
+                "{:?}",
+                info.id()
+            )))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        MusicRendererBackend::OpenHome(self)
+    }
+}
+
+impl TransportControl for OpenHomeRenderer {
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play_uri")?;
+
+        if let Err(err) = playlist.delete_all() {
+            debug!(
+               // renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
+                error = %err,
+                "Failed to clear OpenHome playlist before insert"
+            );
+        }
+
+        // Reuse the same insertion logic as the queue path so that we honor
+        // renderer expectations (IdArray sequencing, etc.).
+        self.add_track_openhome(uri, meta, None, true)?;
+
+        // Start playback (like UPnP renderer does with avt.play())
+        playlist.play()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play")?;
+        playlist.play()
+    }
+
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("pause")?;
+        playlist.pause()
+    }
+
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("stop")?;
+        playlist.stop()
+    }
+
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let seconds = parse_time_flexible(hhmmss)?;
+        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("seek_rel_time")?;
+        playlist.seek_second_absolute(seconds)
+    }
+}
+
+impl VolumeControl for OpenHomeRenderer {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        let client = self.volume_client_for("volume")?;
+        client.volume()
+    }
+
+    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let client = self.volume_client_for("set_volume")?;
+        client.set_volume(v)
+    }
+
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        let client = self.volume_client_for("mute")?;
+        client.mute()
+    }
+
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let client = self.volume_client_for("set_mute")?;
+        client.set_mute(m)
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackStatus for OpenHomeRenderer {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        let client = self.playlist_client_for("playback_state")?;
+        let state = client.transport_state()?;
+        Ok(map_openhome_state(&state))
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackPosition for OpenHomeRenderer {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let time_info = self.time_client_for("playback_position")?.position()?;
+
+        let mut track_id = None;
+        let mut track_uri = None;
+        let mut track_metadata_xml = None;
+
+        if let Some(playlist_client) = &self.playlist {
+            match playlist_client.id() {
+                Ok(id) => track_id = Some(id),
+                Err(err) => debug!(
+                //   renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
+                    error = %err,
+                    "Failed to read OpenHome track id"
+                ),
+            }
+        }
+
+        if let Some(info_client) = &self.info_client {
+            match info_client.track() {
+                Ok(track) => {
+                    track_uri = Some(track.uri);
+                    track_metadata_xml = track.metadata_xml;
+                }
+                Err(err) => debug!(
+                //    renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
+                    error = %err,
+                    "Failed to read OpenHome track metadata"
+                ),
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(PlaybackPositionInfo {
+            track: track_id,
+            rel_time: Some(format_hhmmss_u32(time_info.elapsed_secs)),
+            abs_time: None,
+            track_duration: Some(format_hhmmss_u32(time_info.duration_secs)),
+            track_metadata: track_metadata_xml,
+            track_uri,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn map_openhome_state(raw: &str) -> PlaybackState {
+    match raw.trim().to_ascii_uppercase().as_str() {
+        "PLAYING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
+        "PAUSED" | "PAUSED_PLAYBACK" => PlaybackState::Paused,
+        "STOPPED" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
+        "BUFFERING" | "TRANSITIONING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
+        other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/time_utils.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/time_utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+//! Time formatting and parsing utilities for music renderers.
+//!
+//! This module provides utilities to convert between different time representations:
+//! - HH:MM:SS format (UPnP standard)
+//! - Seconds (u32/u64)
+//! - Milliseconds
+//!
+//! All functions are designed to be robust and provide clear error messages.
+
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+
+/// Formats a duration in seconds as HH:MM:SS.
+///
+/// # Examples
+/// ```
+/// # use pmocontrol::music_renderer::time_utils::format_hhmmss;
+/// assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(0), "00:00:00");
+/// assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(61), "00:01:01");
+/// assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(3661), "01:01:01");
+/// ```
+pub fn format_hhmmss(seconds: u64) -> String {
+    let hours = seconds / 3600;
+    let minutes = (seconds % 3600) / 60;
+    let secs = seconds % 60;
+    format!("{:02}:{:02}:{:02}", hours, minutes, secs)
+}
+
+/// Formats a duration in seconds as HH:MM:SS (u32 variant).
+///
+/// Convenience wrapper for u32 values.
+pub fn format_hhmmss_u32(seconds: u32) -> String {
+    format_hhmmss(seconds as u64)
+}
+
+/// Formats a duration in seconds as HH:MM:SS (f64 variant).
+///
+/// Used by Chromecast which returns floating point durations.
+/// Rounds to nearest second.
+pub fn format_hhmmss_f64(seconds: f64) -> String {
+    format_hhmmss(seconds.round() as u64)
+}
+
+/// Parses a time string in HH:MM:SS, MM:SS, or SS format to seconds.
+///
+/// This is the most flexible parser, supporting multiple formats:
+/// - "HH:MM:SS" → hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds
+/// - "MM:SS" → minutes * 60 + seconds
+/// - "SS" → seconds
+///
+/// # Examples
+/// ```
+/// # use pmocontrol::music_renderer::time_utils::parse_time_flexible;
+/// assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("01:02:03").unwrap(), 3723);
+/// assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("02:03").unwrap(), 123);
+/// assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("42").unwrap(), 42);
+/// ```
+///
+/// # Errors
+/// Returns an error if:
+/// - The input has more than 3 parts
+/// - Any part is not a valid u32
+pub fn parse_time_flexible(input: &str) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = input.split(':').collect();
+
+    if parts.is_empty() || parts.len() > 3 {
+        return Err(ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid time format '{}': expected HH:MM:SS, MM:SS, or SS", input)
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let mut total = 0u32;
+    for part in parts {
+        let value = part.parse::<u32>().map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+                format!("Invalid numeric value '{}' in time string '{}'", part, input)
+            )
+        })?;
+        total = total * 60 + value;
+    }
+
+    Ok(total)
+}
+
+/// Parses a strict HH:MM:SS format to seconds.
+///
+/// This parser requires exactly 3 components separated by colons,
+/// and validates that minutes and seconds are < 60.
+///
+/// # Examples
+/// ```
+/// # use pmocontrol::music_renderer::time_utils::parse_hhmmss_strict;
+/// assert_eq!(parse_hhmmss_strict("01:02:03").unwrap(), 3723);
+/// assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("02:03").is_err());  // requires HH:MM:SS
+/// assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("00:61:00").is_err());  // minutes > 59
+/// ```
+///
+/// # Errors
+/// Returns an error if:
+/// - The format is not exactly HH:MM:SS
+/// - Minutes or seconds are >= 60
+/// - Any component is not a valid u64
+pub fn parse_hhmmss_strict(input: &str) -> Result<u64, ControlPointError> {
+    let parts: Vec<&str> = input.split(':').collect();
+
+    if parts.len() != 3 {
+        return Err(ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid time format '{}': expected exactly HH:MM:SS", input)
+        ));
+    }
+
+    let hours: u64 = parts[0].parse().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid hour component in '{}'", input)
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let minutes: u64 = parts[1].parse().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid minute component in '{}'", input)
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    let seconds: u64 = parts[2].parse().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid second component in '{}'", input)
+        )
+    })?;
+
+    if minutes >= 60 || seconds >= 60 {
+        return Err(ControlPointError::InvalidTimeFormat(
+            format!("Invalid time '{}': minutes and seconds must be < 60", input)
+        ));
+    }
+
+    Ok(hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds)
+}
+
+/// Converts milliseconds to seconds (rounding down).
+#[inline]
+pub fn ms_to_seconds(milliseconds: u64) -> u64 {
+    milliseconds / 1000
+}
+
+/// Converts seconds to milliseconds.
+#[inline]
+pub fn seconds_to_ms(seconds: u64) -> u64 {
+    seconds * 1000
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_format_hhmmss() {
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(0), "00:00:00");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(1), "00:00:01");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(60), "00:01:00");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(61), "00:01:01");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(3600), "01:00:00");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(3661), "01:01:01");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss(86399), "23:59:59");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_format_hhmmss_f64() {
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss_f64(123.4), "00:02:03");
+        assert_eq!(format_hhmmss_f64(123.6), "00:02:04");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_time_flexible() {
+        // HH:MM:SS format
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("01:02:03").unwrap(), 3723);
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("00:00:00").unwrap(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("23:59:59").unwrap(), 86399);
+
+        // MM:SS format
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("02:03").unwrap(), 123);
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("00:00").unwrap(), 0);
+
+        // SS format
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("42").unwrap(), 42);
+        assert_eq!(parse_time_flexible("0").unwrap(), 0);
+
+        // Errors
+        assert!(parse_time_flexible("").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_time_flexible("1:2:3:4").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_time_flexible("abc").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_time_flexible("1:abc").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_parse_hhmmss_strict() {
+        assert_eq!(parse_hhmmss_strict("01:02:03").unwrap(), 3723);
+        assert_eq!(parse_hhmmss_strict("00:00:00").unwrap(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(parse_hhmmss_strict("23:59:59").unwrap(), 86399);
+
+        // Errors - wrong format
+        assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("02:03").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("42").is_err());
+
+        // Errors - invalid values
+        assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("00:60:00").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("00:00:60").is_err());
+        assert!(parse_hhmmss_strict("abc:00:00").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_ms_conversions() {
+        assert_eq!(ms_to_seconds(1000), 1);
+        assert_eq!(ms_to_seconds(1500), 1);  // rounds down
+        assert_eq!(ms_to_seconds(999), 0);
+
+        assert_eq!(seconds_to_ms(1), 1000);
+        assert_eq!(seconds_to_ms(0), 0);
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/upnp_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/music_renderer/upnp_renderer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::music_renderer::RendererFromMediaRendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::capabilities::{
+    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
+    VolumeControl,
+};
+use crate::model::PlaybackState;
+use crate::music_renderer::musicrenderer::MusicRendererBackend;
+use crate::upnp_clients::{
+    AvTransportClient, ConnectionInfo, ConnectionManagerClient, PositionInfo, ProtocolInfo,
+    RenderingControlClient,
+};
+use crate::{DeviceIdentity, RendererInfo};
+
+/// High-level handle representing a renderer and its optional AVTransport client.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct UpnpRenderer {
+    avtransport: Option<AvTransportClient>,
+    rendering_control: Option<RenderingControlClient>,
+    connection_manager: Option<ConnectionManagerClient>,
+    has_avtransport_set_next: bool,
+}
+
+impl UpnpRenderer {
+    /// Retourne true si le renderer à un service de type AVTransport.
+    pub fn has_avtransport(&self) -> bool {
+        self.avtransport.is_some()
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne true si le renderer à un service de type RenderingControl.
+    pub fn has_rendering_control(&self) -> bool {
+        self.rendering_control.is_some()
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne true si le renderer à un service de type ConnectionManager.
+    pub fn has_connection_manager(&self) -> bool {
+        self.connection_manager.is_some()
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne le client de type AVTransport contenant les URL de controle et d'abonnement.
+    pub fn avtransport(&self) -> Result<&AvTransportClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.avtransport.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported("AvTransport", "Renderer")
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne le client de type RenderingControl contenant les URL de controle et d'abonnement.
+    pub fn rendering_control(&self) -> Result<&RenderingControlClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.rendering_control.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported("RenderingControl", "Renderer")
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Retourne le client de type ConnectionManager contenant les URL de controle et d'abonnement.
+    pub fn connection_manager(&self) -> Result<&ConnectionManagerClient, ControlPointError> {
+        self.connection_manager.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported("ConnectionManager", "Renderer")
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn protocol_info(&self) -> Result<ProtocolInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
+        cm.get_protocol_info()
+    }
+
+    pub fn connection_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, ControlPointError> {
+        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
+        cm.get_current_connection_ids()
+    }
+
+    pub fn connection_info(&self, connection_id: i32) -> Result<ConnectionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
+        cm.get_current_connection_info(connection_id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_next_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if !self.has_avtransport_set_next {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+                "SetNextAVTransportURI",
+                "Renderer",
+            ));
+        }
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.set_next_av_transport_uri(uri, meta)
+    }
+}
+
+impl RendererFromMediaRendererInfo for UpnpRenderer {
+    fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        // Prepare le service AVTTransport
+        let avtransport = match (
+            info.avtransport_control_url(),
+            info.avtransport_service_type(),
+        ) {
+            (Some(url), Some(service)) => Some(AvTransportClient::new(url, service)),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        // Prepare le service RenderingControl
+        let rendering_control = match (
+            info.rendering_control_control_url(),
+            info.rendering_control_service_type(),
+        ) {
+            (Some(url), Some(service)) => Some(RenderingControlClient::new(url, service)),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        // Prepare le service ConnectionManager
+        let connection_manager = match (
+            info.connection_manager_control_url(),
+            info.connection_manager_service_type(),
+        ) {
+            (Some(url), Some(service)) => Some(ConnectionManagerClient::new(url, service)),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        // Exige AVTTransport et RenderingControl au minimum
+        if avtransport.is_none() || rendering_control.is_none() {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Some mandatory services are missing on {:?}",
+                info.id(),
+            )));
+        }
+
+        Ok(Self {
+            avtransport,
+            rendering_control,
+            connection_manager,
+            has_avtransport_set_next: info.capabilities().has_avtransport_set_next(),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicRendererBackend {
+        MusicRendererBackend::Upnp(self)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Implémentation UPnP AV de `TransportControl` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
+///
+/// Cette impl se base sur AVTransport (InstanceID = 0).
+impl TransportControl for UpnpRenderer {
+    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.set_av_transport_uri(uri, meta)?;
+        avt.play(0, "1")
+    }
+
+    fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.play(0, "1")
+    }
+
+    fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.pause(0)
+    }
+
+    fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.stop(0)
+    }
+
+    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        avt.seek(0, "REL_TIME", hhmmss)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Implémentation UPnP RenderingControl de `VolumeControl` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
+///
+/// Cette impl se base sur le channel "Master" (InstanceID = 0).
+impl VolumeControl for UpnpRenderer {
+    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
+        rc.get_volume(0, "Master")
+    }
+
+    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
+        rc.set_volume(0, "Master", v)
+    }
+
+    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
+        rc.get_mute(0, "Master")
+    }
+
+    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
+        rc.set_mute(0, "Master", m)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Implémentation UPnP AV de `PlaybackStatus` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
+///
+/// Utilise AVTransport::GetTransportInfo(InstanceID=0).
+impl PlaybackStatus for UpnpRenderer {
+    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState, ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        let info = avt.get_transport_info(0)?;
+        Ok(PlaybackState::from_upnp_state(
+            &info.current_transport_state,
+        ))
+    }
+}
+
+impl PlaybackPosition for UpnpRenderer {
+    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
+        let raw: PositionInfo = avt.get_position_info(0)?;
+
+        Ok(PlaybackPositionInfo {
+            track: Some(raw.track),
+            rel_time: raw.rel_time,
+            abs_time: raw.abs_time,
+            track_duration: raw.track_duration,
+            track_metadata: raw.track_metadata,
+            track_uri: raw.track_uri,
+        })
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/online.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/online.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+use std::{
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+    time::SystemTime,
+};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct DeviceConnectionState {
+    online: bool,
+    last_seen: SystemTime,
+    max_age: u32,
+}
+
+pub trait DeviceOnline {
+    fn is_online(&self) -> bool;
+    fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime;
+    fn has_been_seen_now(&self, max_age: u32);
+    fn mark_as_offline(&self);
+    fn max_age(&self) -> u32;
+}
+
+impl DeviceConnectionState {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        DeviceConnectionState {
+            online: true,
+            last_seen: SystemTime::now(),
+            max_age: 1800,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn make() -> Arc<Mutex<Self>> {
+        Arc::new(Mutex::new(DeviceConnectionState::new()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_online(&self) -> bool {
+        self.online
+    }
+
+    pub fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        self.last_seen
+    }
+
+    pub fn max_age(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.max_age
+    }
+
+    pub fn has_been_seen_now(&mut self, max_age: u32) {
+        self.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
+        self.max_age = max_age;
+        self.online = true;
+    }
+
+    pub fn mark_as_offline(&mut self) {
+        self.online = false;
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/openapi.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/openapi.rs
@@ -149,28 +149,6 @@ pub struct QueueSnapshot {
    pub current_index: Option<usize>,
 }

-// ============================================================================
-// OPENHOME PLAYLIST
-// ============================================================================
-
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-pub use crate::openhome_playlist::{OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot, OpenHomePlaylistTrack};
-
-/// Requête pour ajouter un track à la playlist OpenHome
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, Deserialize, ToSchema)]
-pub struct OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest {
-    /// URI du flux à insérer
-    pub uri: String,
-    /// Métadonnées DIDL-Lite complètes
-    pub metadata: String,
-    /// ID devant lequel insérer (None => fin de playlist)
-    pub after_id: Option<u32>,
-    /// Si true, démarre immédiatement la lecture du track inséré
-    #[serde(default)]
-    pub play: bool,
-}
-
 // ============================================================================
 // MEDIA SERVERS
 // ============================================================================
@@ -318,20 +296,22 @@ pub struct ErrorResponse {
        description = r#"
 # API REST pour le Control Point PMOMusic

-Cette API permet de contrôler les renderers UPnP et de naviguer dans les serveurs de médias.
+Cette API permet de contrôler les renderers audio et de naviguer dans les serveurs de médias de manière agnostique du backend.

 ## Fonctionnalités

 ### Renderers
- **Découverte** : Liste des renderers disponibles
+- **Découverte** : Liste des renderers disponibles (tous types: UPnP AV, OpenHome, LinkPlay, Chromecast)
 - **État** : Récupération de l'état détaillé d'un renderer
- **Contrôle transport** : Play, pause, stop, next
+- **Contrôle transport** : Play, pause, stop, resume, next
 - **Contrôle volume** : Lecture et modification du volume / mute
- **Queue** : Gestion de la queue de lecture
+- **Queue unifiée** : Gestion de la queue de lecture (indépendante du backend)
+- **Navigation dans la queue** : Saut à un index spécifique

 ### Playlists
 - **Binding** : Attachement de la queue à un container playlist d'un serveur
 - **Synchronisation automatique** : Mise à jour de la queue lors des changements côté serveur
+- **Auto-play** : Option pour démarrer la lecture automatiquement

 ### Serveurs de médias
 - **Découverte** : Liste des serveurs disponibles
@@ -339,11 +319,12 @@ Cette API permet de contrôler les renderers UPnP et de naviguer dans les serveu

 ## Architecture

-Le Control Point PMOMusic est un point de contrôle UPnP qui :
-1. Découvre automatiquement les renderers et serveurs via SSDP
-2. Maintient un registre des devices actifs
-3. Permet le contrôle unifié des renderers (UPnP AV, LinkPlay, Arylic TCP)
-4. Gère une queue de lecture locale avec synchronisation optionnelle
+Le Control Point PMOMusic est un point de contrôle multi-backend qui :
+1. Découvre automatiquement les renderers et serveurs via SSDP et mDNS
+2. Maintient un registre unifié des devices actifs
+3. Abstrait les différences entre backends (UPnP AV, OpenHome, LinkPlay, Arylic TCP, Chromecast)
+4. Gère une queue de lecture unifiée avec synchronisation optionnelle aux playlists serveur
+5. Expose une API REST cohérente indépendante du type de renderer

 ## Exemples d'utilisation

@@ -352,12 +333,33 @@ Le Control Point PMOMusic est un point de contrôle UPnP qui :
 GET /control/renderers
 ```

-### Contrôler un renderer
+### Obtenir l'état complet d'un renderer
+```
+GET /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/full
+```
+
+### Contrôler la lecture
 ```
 POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/play
 POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/pause
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/stop
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/resume
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/next
+```
+
+### Naviguer dans la queue
+```
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/seek
+  Body: {"index": 5}
+```
+
+### Contrôler le volume
+```
 POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/volume/set
  Body: {"volume": 50}
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/volume/up
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/volume/down
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/mute/toggle
 ```

 ### Attacher une playlist
@@ -365,7 +367,17 @@ POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/volume/set
 POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/binding/attach
  Body: {
    "server_id": "uuid:...",
-    "container_id": "0$/Music/MyPlaylist"
+    "container_id": "0$/Music/MyPlaylist",
+    "auto_play": true
+  }
+```
+
+### Jouer du contenu
+```
+POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/play
+  Body: {
+    "server_id": "uuid:...",
+    "object_id": "0$/Music/Track.flac"
  }
 ```

@@ -384,16 +396,15 @@ GET /control/servers/{server_id}/containers/{container_id}
    paths(
        crate::pmoserver_ext::list_renderers,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::get_renderer_state,
+        crate::pmoserver_ext::get_renderer_full_snapshot,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::get_renderer_queue,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::get_renderer_binding,
-        crate::pmoserver_ext::get_openhome_playlist,
-        crate::pmoserver_ext::clear_openhome_playlist,
-        crate::pmoserver_ext::add_openhome_playlist_item,
-        crate::pmoserver_ext::play_openhome_track,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::play_renderer,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::pause_renderer,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::stop_renderer,
+        crate::pmoserver_ext::resume_renderer,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::next_renderer,
+        crate::pmoserver_ext::seek_queue_index,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::set_renderer_volume,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::volume_up_renderer,
        crate::pmoserver_ext::volume_down_renderer,
@@ -415,17 +426,16 @@ GET /control/servers/{server_id}/containers/{container_id}
        RendererState,
        CurrentTrackMetadata,
        AttachedPlaylistInfo,
+        FullRendererSnapshot,
        QueueItem,
        QueueSnapshot,
-        OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot,
-        OpenHomePlaylistTrack,
-        OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest,
        MediaServerSummary,
        ContainerEntry,
        BrowseResponse,
        VolumeSetRequest,
        AttachPlaylistRequest,
        PlayContentRequest,
+        SeekQueueRequest,
        SuccessResponse,
        ErrorResponse,
    )),
--- a/pmocontrol/src/openhome.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/openhome.rs
@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-use crate::model::RendererInfo;
-use crate::openhome_client::{
-    OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhRadioClient, OhTimeClient, OhVolumeClient,
-};
-
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub enum OhServiceKind {
-    Playlist,
-    Info,
-    Time,
-    Volume,
-    Product,
-}
-
-impl OhServiceKind {
-    pub fn as_str(&self) -> &'static str {
-        match self {
-            OhServiceKind::Playlist => "playlist",
-            OhServiceKind::Info => "info",
-            OhServiceKind::Time => "time",
-            OhServiceKind::Volume => "volume",
-            OhServiceKind::Product => "product",
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub struct OhServiceEndpoint<'a> {
-    pub control_url: &'a str,
-    pub service_type: &'a str,
-}
-
-fn endpoint_for<'a>(info: &'a RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<OhServiceEndpoint<'a>> {
-    let (control_url, service_type) = match kind {
-        OhServiceKind::Playlist => (
-            info.oh_playlist_control_url.as_deref()?,
-            info.oh_playlist_service_type.as_deref()?,
-        ),
-        OhServiceKind::Info => (
-            info.oh_info_control_url.as_deref()?,
-            info.oh_info_service_type.as_deref()?,
-        ),
-        OhServiceKind::Time => (
-            info.oh_time_control_url.as_deref()?,
-            info.oh_time_service_type.as_deref()?,
-        ),
-        OhServiceKind::Volume => (
-            info.oh_volume_control_url.as_deref()?,
-            info.oh_volume_service_type.as_deref()?,
-        ),
-        OhServiceKind::Product => (
-            info.oh_product_control_url.as_deref()?,
-            info.oh_product_service_type.as_deref()?,
-        ),
-    };
-
-    Some(OhServiceEndpoint {
-        control_url,
-        service_type,
-    })
-}
-
-pub fn control_url_for<'a>(info: &'a RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<&'a str> {
-    endpoint_for(info, kind).map(|endpoint| endpoint.control_url)
-}
-
-pub fn service_type_for<'a>(info: &'a RendererInfo, kind: OhServiceKind) -> Option<&'a str> {
-    endpoint_for(info, kind).map(|endpoint| endpoint.service_type)
-}
-
-pub fn build_playlist_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhPlaylistClient> {
-    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Playlist)?;
-    Some(OhPlaylistClient::new(
-        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
-        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
-    ))
-}
-
-pub fn build_info_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhInfoClient> {
-    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Info)?;
-    Some(OhInfoClient::new(
-        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
-        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
-    ))
-}
-
-pub fn build_time_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhTimeClient> {
-    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Time)?;
-    Some(OhTimeClient::new(
-        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
-        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
-    ))
-}
-
-pub fn build_volume_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhVolumeClient> {
-    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Volume)?;
-    Some(OhVolumeClient::new(
-        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
-        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
-    ))
-}
-
-pub fn build_product_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhProductClient> {
-    let endpoint = endpoint_for(info, OhServiceKind::Product)?;
-    Some(OhProductClient::new(
-        endpoint.control_url.to_string(),
-        endpoint.service_type.to_string(),
-    ))
-}
-
-pub fn build_radio_client(info: &RendererInfo) -> Option<OhRadioClient> {
-    let control_url = info.oh_radio_control_url.as_ref()?;
-    let service_type = info.oh_radio_service_type.as_ref()?;
-    Some(OhRadioClient::new(
-        control_url.clone(),
-        service_type.clone(),
-    ))
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererId, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
-
-    fn sample_renderer_info() -> RendererInfo {
-        RendererInfo {
-            id: RendererId("renderer".into()),
-            udn: "renderer".into(),
-            friendly_name: "Renderer".into(),
-            model_name: "Model".into(),
-            manufacturer: "Maker".into(),
-            protocol: RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly,
-            capabilities: RendererCapabilities::default(),
-            location: "http://host:1234/description.xml".into(),
-            server_header: "test".into(),
-            online: true,
-            last_seen: std::time::SystemTime::now(),
-            max_age: 1800,
-            avtransport_service_type: None,
-            avtransport_control_url: None,
-            rendering_control_service_type: None,
-            rendering_control_control_url: None,
-            connection_manager_service_type: None,
-            connection_manager_control_url: None,
-            oh_playlist_service_type: Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1".into()),
-            oh_playlist_control_url: Some("http://host/oh/playlist".into()),
-            oh_playlist_event_sub_url: Some("http://host/events/playlist".into()),
-            oh_info_service_type: Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Info:1".into()),
-            oh_info_control_url: Some("http://host/oh/info".into()),
-            oh_info_event_sub_url: Some("http://host/events/info".into()),
-            oh_time_service_type: Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Time:1".into()),
-            oh_time_control_url: Some("http://host/oh/time".into()),
-            oh_time_event_sub_url: Some("http://host/events/time".into()),
-            oh_volume_service_type: Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Volume:1".into()),
-            oh_volume_control_url: Some("http://host/oh/volume".into()),
-            oh_radio_service_type: None,
-            oh_radio_control_url: None,
-            oh_product_service_type: Some("urn:av-openhome-org:service:Product:1".into()),
-            oh_product_control_url: Some("http://host/oh/product".into()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn selects_correct_playlist_endpoint() {
-        let info = sample_renderer_info();
-        let endpoint = endpoint_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Playlist).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(endpoint.control_url, "http://host/oh/playlist");
-        assert_eq!(
-            endpoint.service_type,
-            "urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1"
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn returns_none_when_service_missing() {
-        let mut info = sample_renderer_info();
-        info.oh_playlist_control_url = None;
-        assert!(endpoint_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Playlist).is_none());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn info_and_playlist_use_different_urls() {
-        let info = sample_renderer_info();
-        let playlist = control_url_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Playlist).unwrap();
-        let info_url = control_url_for(&info, OhServiceKind::Info).unwrap();
-        assert_ne!(playlist, info_url);
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/openhome_playlist.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/openhome_playlist.rs
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/// Snapshot de la playlist native OpenHome pour un renderer donné.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "pmoserver", derive(serde::Serialize, utoipa::ToSchema))]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot {
-    /// ID du renderer concerné.
-    pub renderer_id: String,
-    /// ID courant dans la playlist (si connu).
-    pub current_id: Option<u32>,
-    /// Position courante dans la playlist (si connue).
-    pub current_index: Option<usize>,
-    /// Tracks présents dans la playlist native.
-    pub tracks: Vec<OpenHomePlaylistTrack>,
-}
-
-/// Représentation d'un track OpenHome tel qu'exposé par la playlist native.
-#[cfg_attr(feature = "pmoserver", derive(serde::Serialize, utoipa::ToSchema))]
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct OpenHomePlaylistTrack {
-    /// ID interne OpenHome du track.
-    pub id: u32,
-    /// URI de lecture.
-    pub uri: String,
-    /// Titre (optionnel si non fourni par le renderer).
-    pub title: Option<String>,
-    /// Artiste (optionnel).
-    pub artist: Option<String>,
-    /// Album (optionnel).
-    pub album: Option<String>,
-    /// URI de pochette (optionnelle).
-    pub album_art_uri: Option<String>,
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/openhome_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/openhome_renderer.rs
@@ -1,410 +0,0 @@
-use crate::capabilities::{
-    PlaybackPosition, PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackState, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl,
-    VolumeControl,
-};
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo, RendererProtocol};
-use crate::music_renderer::op_not_supported;
-use crate::openhome::{
-    build_info_client, build_playlist_client, build_product_client, build_radio_client,
-    build_time_client, build_volume_client,
-};
-use crate::openhome_client::{
-    parse_track_metadata_from_didl, OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhRadioClient,
-    OhTimeClient, OhTrackEntry, OhVolumeClient, OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID,
-};
-use crate::openhome_playlist::{OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot, OpenHomePlaylistTrack};
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
-use tracing::debug;
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct OpenHomeRenderer {
-    pub info: RendererInfo,
-    playlist: Option<OhPlaylistClient>,
-    info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
-    time_client: Option<OhTimeClient>,
-    volume_client: Option<OhVolumeClient>,
-    product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
-    radio_client: Option<OhRadioClient>,
-}
-
-impl OpenHomeRenderer {
-    pub fn new(info: RendererInfo) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            playlist: build_playlist_client(&info),
-            info_client: build_info_client(&info),
-            time_client: build_time_client(&info),
-            volume_client: build_volume_client(&info),
-            product_client: build_product_client(&info),
-            radio_client: build_radio_client(&info),
-            info,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        &self.info.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.info.friendly_name
-    }
-
-    pub fn protocol(&self) -> &RendererProtocol {
-        &self.info.protocol
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_playlist(&self) -> bool {
-        self.playlist.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_info(&self) -> bool {
-        self.info_client.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_time(&self) -> bool {
-        self.time_client.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_volume(&self) -> bool {
-        self.volume_client.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_any_openhome_service(&self) -> bool {
-        self.has_playlist() || self.has_info() || self.has_time() || self.has_volume()
-    }
-
-    fn playlist_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhPlaylistClient> {
-        let playlist = self
-            .playlist
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| op_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Playlist"))?;
-        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
-        Ok(playlist)
-    }
-
-    fn info_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhInfoClient> {
-        self.info_client
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| op_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Info"))
-    }
-
-    fn time_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhTimeClient> {
-        self.time_client
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| op_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Time"))
-    }
-
-    fn volume_client_for(&self, op: &str) -> Result<&OhVolumeClient> {
-        self.volume_client
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| op_not_supported(op, "OpenHome Volume"))
-    }
-
-    fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        if let Some(product) = &self.product_client {
-            product.ensure_playlist_source_selected().map_err(|err| {
-                anyhow!(
-                    "Failed to select OpenHome Playlist source for {}: {}",
-                    self.info.id.0,
-                    err
-                )
-            })
-        } else {
-            Ok(())
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn snapshot_openhome_playlist(&self) -> Result<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("snapshot_openhome_playlist")?;
-        let entries = playlist.read_all_tracks()?;
-
-        // Essayer d'obtenir current_id depuis Info.Id()
-        let mut current_id = self
-            .playlist
-            .as_ref()
-            .and_then(|client| {
-                match client.id() {
-                    Ok(id) => {
-                        debug!(
-                            renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                            current_id = id,
-                            "OpenHome Info service returned current_id"
-                        );
-                        Some(id)
-                    }
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        debug!(
-                            renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                            error = %err,
-                            "OpenHome Info.Id() failed, will try Info.Track()"
-                        );
-                        None
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-
-        // Fallback: Si Info.Id() échoue, essayer Info.Track() et matcher l'URI
-        if current_id.is_none() {
-            if let Some(client) = self.info_client.as_ref() {
-                match client.track() {
-                    Ok(track_info) => {
-                        debug!(
-                            renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                            track_uri = track_info.uri.as_str(),
-                            "OpenHome Info.Track() returned, searching by URI"
-                        );
-                        // Trouver l'entry qui matche cet URI
-                        current_id = entries.iter()
-                            .find(|entry| entry.uri == track_info.uri)
-                            .map(|entry| {
-                                debug!(
-                                    renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                                    found_id = entry.id,
-                                    "Found current_id by matching URI"
-                                );
-                                entry.id
-                            });
-                    }
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        debug!(
-                            renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                            error = %err,
-                            "OpenHome Info.Track() also failed"
-                        );
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        let current_index =
-            current_id.and_then(|id| entries.iter().position(|entry| entry.id == id));
-
-        debug!(
-            renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-            current_id = ?current_id,
-            current_index = ?current_index,
-            track_count = entries.len(),
-            "snapshot_openhome_playlist completed"
-        );
-
-        let tracks = entries.iter().map(convert_oh_track_entry).collect();
-
-        Ok(OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot {
-            renderer_id: self.info.id.0.clone(),
-            current_id,
-            current_index,
-            tracks,
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// Retourne la longueur de la playlist OpenHome sans récupérer toutes les métadonnées.
-    /// Plus rapide que snapshot_openhome_playlist() pour juste connaître le nombre de pistes.
-    pub(crate) fn openhome_playlist_len(&self) -> Result<usize> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("openhome_playlist_len")?;
-        let ids = playlist.id_array()?;
-        Ok(ids.len())
-    }
-
-    /// Retourne les IDs des pistes de la playlist OpenHome.
-    /// Plus rapide que snapshot_openhome_playlist() car ne récupère pas les métadonnées.
-    pub(crate) fn openhome_playlist_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("openhome_playlist_ids")?;
-        playlist.id_array()
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn clear_openhome_playlist(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("clear_openhome_playlist")?;
-        playlist.delete_all()
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn add_track_openhome(
-        &self,
-        uri: &str,
-        metadata: &str,
-        after_id: Option<u32>,
-        play: bool,
-    ) -> Result<u32> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("add_track_openhome")?;
-        let insert_after = match after_id {
-            Some(id) => id,
-            None => playlist
-                .id_array()?
-                .last()
-                .copied()
-                .unwrap_or(OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID),
-        };
-
-        let new_id = playlist.insert(insert_after, uri, metadata)?;
-        if play {
-            playlist.play_id(new_id)?;
-        }
-        Ok(new_id)
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn play_openhome_track_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play_openhome_track_id")?;
-        playlist.play_id(id)
-    }
-}
-
-impl TransportControl for OpenHomeRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play_uri")?;
-
-        if let Err(err) = playlist.delete_all() {
-            debug!(
-                renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                error = %err,
-                "Failed to clear OpenHome playlist before insert"
-            );
-        }
-
-        // Reuse the same insertion logic as the queue path so that we honor
-        // renderer expectations (IdArray sequencing, etc.).
-        self.add_track_openhome(uri, meta, None, true)?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("play")?;
-        playlist.play()
-    }
-
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("pause")?;
-        playlist.pause()
-    }
-
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("stop")?;
-        playlist.stop()
-    }
-
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let seconds = parse_hms(hhmmss).ok_or_else(|| {
-            anyhow!(
-                "Invalid HH:MM:SS format for OpenHome SeekSecondAbsolute: {}",
-                hhmmss
-            )
-        })?;
-        let playlist = self.playlist_client_for("seek_rel_time")?;
-        playlist.seek_second_absolute(seconds)
-    }
-}
-
-impl VolumeControl for OpenHomeRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        let client = self.volume_client_for("volume")?;
-        client.volume()
-    }
-
-    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        let client = self.volume_client_for("set_volume")?;
-        client.set_volume(v)
-    }
-
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        let client = self.volume_client_for("mute")?;
-        client.mute()
-    }
-
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        let client = self.volume_client_for("set_mute")?;
-        client.set_mute(m)
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackStatus for OpenHomeRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
-        let client = self.playlist_client_for("playback_state")?;
-        let state = client.transport_state()?;
-        Ok(map_openhome_state(&state))
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackPosition for OpenHomeRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
-        let time_info = self.time_client_for("playback_position")?.position()?;
-
-        let mut track_id = None;
-        let mut track_uri = None;
-        let mut track_metadata_xml = None;
-
-        if let Some(playlist_client) = &self.playlist {
-            match playlist_client.id() {
-                Ok(id) => track_id = Some(id),
-                Err(err) => debug!(
-                    renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                    error = %err,
-                    "Failed to read OpenHome track id"
-                ),
-            }
-        }
-
-        if let Some(info_client) = &self.info_client {
-            match info_client.track() {
-                Ok(track) => {
-                    track_uri = Some(track.uri);
-                    track_metadata_xml = track.metadata_xml;
-                }
-                Err(err) => debug!(
-                    renderer = self.info.id.0.as_str(),
-                    error = %err,
-                    "Failed to read OpenHome track metadata"
-                ),
-            }
-        }
-
-        Ok(PlaybackPositionInfo {
-            track: track_id,
-            rel_time: Some(format_seconds(time_info.elapsed_secs)),
-            abs_time: None,
-            track_duration: Some(format_seconds(time_info.duration_secs)),
-            track_metadata: track_metadata_xml,
-            track_uri,
-        })
-    }
-}
-
-fn parse_hms(input: &str) -> Option<u32> {
-    let parts: Vec<&str> = input.split(':').collect();
-    if parts.is_empty() || parts.len() > 3 {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    let mut total = 0u32;
-    for part in parts {
-        let value = part.parse::<u32>().ok()?;
-        total = total * 60 + value;
-    }
-    Some(total)
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn map_openhome_state(raw: &str) -> PlaybackState {
-    match raw.trim().to_ascii_uppercase().as_str() {
-        "PLAYING" => PlaybackState::Playing,
-        "PAUSED" | "PAUSED_PLAYBACK" => PlaybackState::Paused,
-        "STOPPED" => PlaybackState::Stopped,
-        "BUFFERING" | "TRANSITIONING" => PlaybackState::Transitioning,
-        other => PlaybackState::Unknown(other.to_string()),
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn format_seconds(seconds: u32) -> String {
-    let hours = seconds / 3600;
-    let minutes = (seconds % 3600) / 60;
-    let secs = seconds % 60;
-    format!("{hours:02}:{minutes:02}:{secs:02}")
-}
-
-fn convert_oh_track_entry(entry: &OhTrackEntry) -> OpenHomePlaylistTrack {
-    let metadata = parse_track_metadata_from_didl(&entry.metadata_xml);
-    OpenHomePlaylistTrack {
-        id: entry.id,
-        uri: entry.uri.clone(),
-        title: metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.title.clone()),
-        artist: metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.artist.clone()),
-        album: metadata.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.album.clone()),
-        album_art_uri: metadata.and_then(|m| m.album_art_uri),
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/pmoserver_ext.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/pmoserver_ext.rs
@@ -4,25 +4,22 @@
 //! et naviguer dans les serveurs de médias.

 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-use crate::control_point::{
-    ControlPoint, OpenHomeAccessError, OPENHOME_SNAPSHOT_CACHE_TTL,
-};
+use crate::control_point::ControlPoint;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-use crate::media_server::{MediaBrowser, MediaEntry, MusicServer, ServerId};
+use crate::media_server::{MediaBrowser, playback_item_from_entry};
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererId, RendererProtocol, TrackMetadata};
+use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererProtocol};
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 use crate::openapi::{
    AttachPlaylistRequest, AttachedPlaylistInfo, BrowseResponse, ContainerEntry, ErrorResponse,
-    FullRendererSnapshot, MediaServerSummary, OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest, OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot,
-    PlayContentRequest, QueueItem, QueueSnapshot, RendererCapabilitiesSummary,
-    RendererProtocolSummary, RendererState, RendererSummary, SeekQueueRequest, SuccessResponse,
-    VolumeSetRequest,
+    FullRendererSnapshot, MediaServerSummary, PlayContentRequest, QueueSnapshot,
+    RendererCapabilitiesSummary, RendererProtocolSummary, RendererState, RendererSummary,
+    SeekQueueRequest, SuccessResponse, VolumeSetRequest,
 };
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-use crate::queue_backend::PlaybackItem;
+use crate::queue::PlaybackItem;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-use crate::{PlaybackPosition, PlaybackStatus, TransportControl, VolumeControl};
+use crate::{DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, DeviceOnline};

 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 use async_trait::async_trait;
@@ -47,8 +44,6 @@ use utoipa::OpenApi;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 const BROWSE_PAGE_SIZE: u32 = 100;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-const MEDIA_SERVER_SOAP_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(15);
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 const BROWSE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(20);

 // Timeouts for simple commands (play/pause/stop)
@@ -103,12 +98,12 @@ async fn list_renderers(State(state): State<ControlPointState>) -> Json<Vec<Rend
        .map(|r| {
            let info = r.info();
            RendererSummary {
-                id: info.id.0.clone(),
-                friendly_name: info.friendly_name.clone(),
-                model_name: info.model_name.clone(),
-                protocol: protocol_summary(&info.protocol),
-                capabilities: capability_summary(&info.capabilities),
-                online: info.online,
+                id: r.id().0.clone(),
+                friendly_name: r.friendly_name().to_string(),
+                model_name: r.model_name().to_string(),
+                protocol: protocol_summary(&info.protocol()),
+                capabilities: capability_summary(&info.capabilities()),
+                online: r.is_online(),
            }
        })
        .collect();
@@ -134,7 +129,7 @@ async fn get_renderer_state(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<RendererState>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let snapshot = state
        .control_point
        .renderer_full_snapshot(&rid)
@@ -160,7 +155,7 @@ async fn get_renderer_full_snapshot(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<FullRendererSnapshot>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let snapshot = state
        .control_point
        .renderer_full_snapshot(&rid)
@@ -191,7 +186,7 @@ async fn get_renderer_queue(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<QueueSnapshot>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let snapshot = state
        .control_point
        .renderer_full_snapshot(&rid)
@@ -218,7 +213,7 @@ async fn get_renderer_binding(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<Option<AttachedPlaylistInfo>>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let snapshot = state
        .control_point
        .renderer_full_snapshot(&rid)
@@ -250,7 +245,7 @@ async fn play_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let renderer = state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -326,7 +321,7 @@ async fn pause_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    let renderer = state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -402,7 +397,7 @@ async fn stop_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -479,7 +474,7 @@ async fn resume_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -560,7 +555,7 @@ async fn next_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -641,7 +636,7 @@ async fn seek_queue_index(
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
    Json(payload): Json<SeekQueueRequest>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
    state
        .control_point
        .music_renderer_by_id(&rid)
@@ -657,9 +652,8 @@ async fn seek_queue_index(
    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);
    let rid_for_task = rid.clone();
    let index = payload.index;
-    let seek_task = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        control_point.play_queue_index(&rid_for_task, index)
-    });
+    let seek_task =
+        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || control_point.play_queue_index(&rid_for_task, index));

    time::timeout(TRANSPORT_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, seek_task)
        .await
@@ -727,7 +721,7 @@ async fn set_renderer_volume(
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
    Json(req): Json<VolumeSetRequest>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());

    let renderer = state
        .control_point
@@ -805,7 +799,7 @@ async fn volume_up_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());

    let renderer = state
        .control_point
@@ -890,7 +884,7 @@ async fn volume_down_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());

    let renderer = state
        .control_point
@@ -975,7 +969,7 @@ async fn toggle_mute_renderer(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());

    let renderer = state
        .control_point
@@ -1062,8 +1056,8 @@ async fn attach_playlist_binding(
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
    Json(req): Json<AttachPlaylistRequest>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let sid = ServerId(req.server_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let sid = DeviceId(req.server_id.clone());
    let container_id = req.container_id.clone();
    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);

@@ -1144,7 +1138,7 @@ async fn detach_playlist_binding(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
 ) -> Json<SuccessResponse> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());

    state.control_point.detach_queue_playlist(&rid);

@@ -1158,297 +1152,6 @@ async fn detach_playlist_binding(
    })
 }

-// ============================================================================
-// HANDLERS - OPENHOME PLAYLIST
-// ============================================================================
-
-/// GET /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist - Snapshot de la playlist OH
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-#[utoipa::path(
-    get,
-    path = "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist",
-    params(
-        ("renderer_id" = String, Path, description = "ID unique du renderer")
-    ),
-    responses(
-        (status = 200, description = "Playlist OpenHome", body = OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot),
-        (status = 404, description = "Renderer non trouvé ou sans service OH", body = ErrorResponse)
-    ),
-    tag = "control"
-)]
-async fn get_openhome_playlist(
-    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
-    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
-) -> Result<Json<OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);
-    let rid_for_task = rid.clone();
-
-    let fetch_task = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        control_point.get_cached_openhome_playlist_snapshot(
-            &rid_for_task,
-            OPENHOME_SNAPSHOT_CACHE_TTL,
-        )
-    });
-
-    let snapshot = fetch_task
-        .await
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Join error while fetching OpenHome playlist"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!("Internal task error: {}", e),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Failed to read OpenHome playlist"
-            );
-            map_openhome_error(&rid, e, "read OpenHome playlist")
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(Json(snapshot))
-}
-
-/// POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/clear - Vide la playlist OH
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-#[utoipa::path(
-    post,
-    path = "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/clear",
-    params(
-        ("renderer_id" = String, Path, description = "ID unique du renderer")
-    ),
-    responses(
-        (status = 200, description = "Playlist vidée", body = SuccessResponse),
-        (status = 404, description = "Renderer non trouvé ou sans service OH", body = ErrorResponse)
-    ),
-    tag = "control"
-)]
-async fn clear_openhome_playlist(
-    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
-    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
-) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);
-    let rid_for_task = rid.clone();
-
-    let clear_task =
-        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || control_point.clear_openhome_playlist(&rid_for_task));
-
-    time::timeout(QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, clear_task)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|_| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                timeout = QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs(),
-                "Clearing OpenHome playlist timed out"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!(
-                        "Clear playlist timed out after {}s",
-                        QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
-                    ),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Join error while clearing OpenHome playlist"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!("Internal task error: {}", e),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Failed to clear OpenHome playlist"
-            );
-            map_openhome_error(&rid, e, "clear OpenHome playlist")
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(Json(SuccessResponse {
-        message: "OpenHome playlist cleared".to_string(),
-    }))
-}
-
-/// POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/add - Ajoute un track OH
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-#[utoipa::path(
-    post,
-    path = "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/add",
-    params(
-        ("renderer_id" = String, Path, description = "ID unique du renderer")
-    ),
-    request_body = OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest,
-    responses(
-        (status = 200, description = "Track ajouté", body = SuccessResponse),
-        (status = 404, description = "Renderer non trouvé ou sans service OH", body = ErrorResponse)
-    ),
-    tag = "control"
-)]
-async fn add_openhome_playlist_item(
-    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
-    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
-    Json(req): Json<OpenHomePlaylistAddRequest>,
-) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);
-    let rid_for_task = rid.clone();
-
-    let add_task = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        control_point.add_openhome_track(
-            &rid_for_task,
-            &req.uri,
-            &req.metadata,
-            req.after_id,
-            req.play,
-        )
-    });
-
-    time::timeout(QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, add_task)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|_| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                timeout = QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs(),
-                "Adding OpenHome track timed out"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!(
-                        "Add track timed out after {}s",
-                        QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
-                    ),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Join error while adding OpenHome track"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!("Internal task error: {}", e),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Failed to add OpenHome track"
-            );
-            map_openhome_error(&rid, e, "add OpenHome track")
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(Json(SuccessResponse {
-        message: "Track added to OpenHome playlist".to_string(),
-    }))
-}
-
-/// POST /control/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/play/{track_id} - PlayId OH
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-#[utoipa::path(
-    post,
-    path = "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/play/{track_id}",
-    params(
-        ("renderer_id" = String, Path, description = "ID unique du renderer"),
-        ("track_id" = String, Path, description = "ID OpenHome du morceau")
-    ),
-    responses(
-        (status = 200, description = "Lecture démarrée", body = SuccessResponse),
-        (status = 404, description = "Renderer non trouvé ou sans service OH", body = ErrorResponse)
-    ),
-    tag = "control"
-)]
-async fn play_openhome_track(
-    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
-    Path((renderer_id, track_id)): Path<(String, String)>,
-) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let parsed_id = track_id.parse::<u32>().map_err(|e| {
-        (
-            StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST,
-            Json(ErrorResponse {
-                error: format!("Invalid track id '{}': {}", track_id, e),
-            }),
-        )
-    })?;
-
-    let control_point = Arc::clone(&state.control_point);
-    let rid_for_task = rid.clone();
-
-    let play_task = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        control_point.play_openhome_track_id(&rid_for_task, parsed_id)
-    });
-
-    time::timeout(QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT, play_task)
-        .await
-        .map_err(|_| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                timeout = QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs(),
-                "PlayId command timed out"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::GATEWAY_TIMEOUT,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!(
-                        "Play track timed out after {}s",
-                        QUEUE_COMMAND_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
-                    ),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                "Join error while playing OpenHome track"
-            );
-            (
-                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!("Internal task error: {}", e),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?
-        .map_err(|e| {
-            warn!(
-                renderer = renderer_id.as_str(),
-                error = %e,
-                track_id = parsed_id,
-                "Failed to start OpenHome track"
-            );
-            map_openhome_error(&rid, e, "play OpenHome track")
-        })?;
-
-    Ok(Json(SuccessResponse {
-        message: format!("Playing OpenHome track {}", parsed_id),
-    }))
-}
-
 // ============================================================================
 // HANDLERS - QUEUE CONTENT
 // ============================================================================
@@ -1474,8 +1177,8 @@ async fn play_content(
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
    Json(req): Json<PlayContentRequest>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let sid = ServerId(req.server_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let sid = DeviceId(req.server_id.clone());
    let object_id = req.object_id.clone();
    let object_id_for_log = object_id.clone();

@@ -1603,8 +1306,8 @@ async fn add_to_queue(
    Path(renderer_id): Path<String>,
    Json(req): Json<PlayContentRequest>,
 ) -> Result<Json<SuccessResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let rid = RendererId(renderer_id.clone());
-    let sid = ServerId(req.server_id.clone());
+    let rid = DeviceId(renderer_id.clone());
+    let sid = DeviceId(req.server_id.clone());
    let object_id = req.object_id.clone();
    let object_id_for_log = object_id.clone();

@@ -1704,15 +1407,15 @@ async fn add_to_queue(
    tag = "control"
 )]
 async fn list_servers(State(state): State<ControlPointState>) -> Json<Vec<MediaServerSummary>> {
-    let servers = state.control_point.list_media_servers();
+    let servers = state.control_point.list_media_servers().unwrap_or_default();

    let summaries: Vec<MediaServerSummary> = servers
        .into_iter()
        .map(|s| MediaServerSummary {
-            id: s.id.0,
-            friendly_name: s.friendly_name,
-            model_name: s.model_name,
-            online: s.online,
+            id: s.id().0.clone(),
+            friendly_name: s.friendly_name().to_string(),
+            model_name: s.model_name().to_string(),
+            online: s.is_online(),
        })
        .collect();

@@ -1739,9 +1442,9 @@ async fn browse_container(
    State(state): State<ControlPointState>,
    Path((server_id, container_id)): Path<(String, String)>,
 ) -> Result<Json<BrowseResponse>, (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>)> {
-    let sid = ServerId(server_id.clone());
+    let sid = DeviceId(server_id.clone());

-    let server_info = state.control_point.media_server(&sid).ok_or_else(|| {
+    let server = state.control_point.media_server(&sid).ok_or_else(|| {
        (
            StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
            Json(ErrorResponse {
@@ -1750,7 +1453,7 @@ async fn browse_container(
        )
    })?;

-    if !server_info.online {
+    if !server.is_online() {
        return Err((
            StatusCode::SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
            Json(ErrorResponse {
@@ -1759,7 +1462,7 @@ async fn browse_container(
        ));
    }

-    if !server_info.has_content_directory {
+    if !server.has_content_directory() {
        return Err((
            StatusCode::NOT_IMPLEMENTED,
            Json(ErrorResponse {
@@ -1768,21 +1471,11 @@ async fn browse_container(
        ));
    }

-    let music_server =
-        MusicServer::from_info(&server_info, MEDIA_SERVER_SOAP_TIMEOUT).map_err(|e| {
-            warn!("Failed to create MusicServer for {}: {}", server_id, e);
-            (
-                StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
-                Json(ErrorResponse {
-                    error: format!("Failed to initialize server: {}", e),
-                }),
-            )
-        })?;
-
    // Use spawn_blocking to avoid blocking the async runtime with synchronous SOAP calls
    let container_id_clone = container_id.clone();
+    let server_clone = server.clone();
    let browse_task = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
-        music_server.browse_children(&container_id_clone, 0, BROWSE_PAGE_SIZE)
+        server_clone.browse_children(&container_id_clone, 0, BROWSE_PAGE_SIZE)
    });

    let entries = time::timeout(BROWSE_REQUEST_TIMEOUT, browse_task)
@@ -1866,32 +1559,6 @@ fn map_snapshot_error(
    )
 }

-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-fn map_openhome_error(
-    renderer_id: &RendererId,
-    err: anyhow::Error,
-    context: &str,
-) -> (StatusCode, Json<ErrorResponse>) {
-    if err.downcast_ref::<OpenHomeAccessError>().is_some() {
-        (
-            StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
-            Json(ErrorResponse {
-                error: err.to_string(),
-            }),
-        )
-    } else {
-        (
-            StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY,
-            Json(ErrorResponse {
-                error: format!(
-                    "Failed to {context} for renderer {}: {}",
-                    renderer_id.0, err
-                ),
-            }),
-        )
-    }
-}
-
 /// Helper to fetch playback items from a media server object (container or item).
 ///
 /// This function browses the server to get the entries and converts them to PlaybackItem.
@@ -1899,82 +1566,61 @@ fn map_openhome_error(
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 fn fetch_playback_items(
    control_point: &ControlPoint,
-    server_id: &ServerId,
+    server_id: &DeviceId,
    object_id: &str,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>> {
-    // Get server info from registry
-    let server_info = control_point
+    // Get server from registry
+    let server = control_point
        .media_server(server_id)
        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Server {} not found", server_id.0))?;

-    if !server_info.online {
+    if !server.is_online() {
        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!("Server {} is offline", server_id.0));
    }

-    if !server_info.has_content_directory {
+    if !server.has_content_directory() {
        return Err(anyhow::anyhow!(
            "Server {} does not support ContentDirectory",
            server_id.0
        ));
    }

-    // Create MusicServer
-    let music_server = MusicServer::from_info(&server_info, MEDIA_SERVER_SOAP_TIMEOUT)?;
-
    // Browse the object to get entries
-    let entries = music_server.browse_children(object_id, 0, BROWSE_PAGE_SIZE)?;
+    let entries = server.browse_children(object_id, 0, BROWSE_PAGE_SIZE)?;
+
+    debug!(
+        server_id = server_id.0.as_str(),
+        object_id = object_id,
+        total_entries = entries.len(),
+        containers = entries.iter().filter(|e| e.is_container).count(),
+        items_count = entries.iter().filter(|e| !e.is_container).count(),
+        "Browse returned entries"
+    );

    // Convert to PlaybackItem
    let items: Vec<PlaybackItem> = entries
        .iter()
-        .filter_map(|entry| playback_item_from_entry(&music_server, entry))
+        .filter_map(|entry| playback_item_from_entry(server.clone(), entry))
        .collect();

+    if items.is_empty() && !entries.is_empty() {
+        warn!(
+            server_id = server_id.0.as_str(),
+            object_id = object_id,
+            total_entries = entries.len(),
+            "No playable items found - all entries were filtered out"
+        );
+    }
+
    Ok(items)
 }

-/// Helper to convert a MediaEntry to a PlaybackItem.
-#[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
-fn playback_item_from_entry(server: &MusicServer, entry: &MediaEntry) -> Option<PlaybackItem> {
-    // Ignore containers
-    if entry.is_container {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    // Skip "live stream" entries
-    if entry.title.to_ascii_lowercase().contains("live stream") {
-        return None;
-    }
-
-    // Find an audio resource
-    let resource = entry.resources.iter().find(|res| res.is_audio())?;
-
-    let metadata = TrackMetadata {
-        title: Some(entry.title.clone()),
-        artist: entry.artist.clone(),
-        album: entry.album.clone(),
-        genre: entry.genre.clone(),
-        album_art_uri: entry.album_art_uri.clone(),
-        date: entry.date.clone(),
-        track_number: entry.track_number.clone(),
-        creator: entry.creator.clone(),
-    };
-
-    Some(PlaybackItem {
-        media_server_id: server.id().clone(),
-        didl_id: entry.id.clone(),
-        uri: resource.uri.clone(),
-        protocol_info: resource.protocol_info.clone(),
-        metadata: Some(metadata),
-    })
-}
-
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 fn protocol_summary(protocol: &RendererProtocol) -> RendererProtocolSummary {
    match protocol {
        RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly => RendererProtocolSummary::Upnp,
        RendererProtocol::OpenHomeOnly => RendererProtocolSummary::Openhome,
-        RendererProtocol::Hybrid => RendererProtocolSummary::Hybrid,
+        RendererProtocol::OpenHomeHybrid => RendererProtocolSummary::Hybrid,
        RendererProtocol::ChromecastOnly => RendererProtocolSummary::Chromecast,
    }
 }
@@ -2024,7 +1670,10 @@ pub fn create_api_router(state: ControlPointState, control_point: Arc<ControlPoi
        .route("/renderers/{renderer_id}/resume", post(resume_renderer))
        .route("/renderers/{renderer_id}/next", post(next_renderer))
        // Queue control
-        .route("/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/seek", post(seek_queue_index))
+        .route(
+            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/seek",
+            post(seek_queue_index),
+        )
        // Volume control
        .route(
            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/volume/set",
@@ -2051,23 +1700,6 @@ pub fn create_api_router(state: ControlPointState, control_point: Arc<ControlPoi
            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/binding/detach",
            post(detach_playlist_binding),
        )
-        // OpenHome playlist
-        .route(
-            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist",
-            get(get_openhome_playlist),
-        )
-        .route(
-            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/clear",
-            post(clear_openhome_playlist),
-        )
-        .route(
-            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/add",
-            post(add_openhome_playlist_item),
-        )
-        .route(
-            "/renderers/{renderer_id}/oh/playlist/play/{track_id}",
-            post(play_openhome_track),
-        )
        // Queue content
        .route("/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/play", post(play_content))
        .route("/renderers/{renderer_id}/queue/add", post(add_to_queue))
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/backend.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/backend.rs
@@ -28,97 +28,7 @@
 //!   - This identity is used by the sync helpers to preserve the current
 //!     track across queue rebuilds when the MediaServer content changes.

-use anyhow::Result;
-
-// ADAPTE ces imports aux modules existants dans pmocontrol.
-// Exemple probable :
-// use crate::model::MediaServerId;
-// use crate::model::TrackMetadata;
-use crate::media_server::ServerId as MediaServerId;
-use crate::model::TrackMetadata;
-
-/// Canonical representation of a track in a renderer queue.
-///
-/// This type is the bridge between:
-///   - the UPnP MediaServer (DIDL-Lite items),
-///   - the ControlPoint runtime,
-///   - and the different queue backends (internal / OpenHome).
-///
-/// It is intentionally DIDL-centric: every item in a queue comes from
-/// a UPnP ContentDirectory and carries its MediaServer identity.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct PlaybackItem {
-    /// Identifier of the UPnP MediaServer that owns this content.
-    ///
-    /// Typically this is the UDN of the MediaServer device, or an
-    /// equivalent logical identifier.
-    pub media_server_id: MediaServerId,
-
-    /// DIDL-Lite `id` attribute of the `item` in the ContentDirectory.
-    ///
-    /// This, combined with `media_server_id`, is the logical identity
-    /// of the track across refreshes of the MediaServer state.
-    pub didl_id: String,
-
-    /// Main resource URI to be used for playback.
-    ///
-    /// This is usually the first `<res>` element (or a selected one)
-    /// from the DIDL-Lite item.
-    pub uri: String,
-
-    /// UPnP protocolInfo string for the resource (e.g., "http-get:*:audio/flac:*").
-    ///
-    /// This string describes the protocol, network, MIME type, and additional
-    /// info about the media resource. It's required for proper UPnP/OpenHome
-    /// renderer compatibility.
-    pub protocol_info: String,
-
-    /// Optional rich metadata for the track (title, artist, album, cover,
-    /// duration, …).
-    ///
-    /// The exact structure is defined in `TrackMetadata` and may
-    /// aggregate information from DIDL, tags, or additional sources.
-    pub metadata: Option<TrackMetadata>,
-}
-
-impl PlaybackItem {
-    /// Returns a stable, backend-agnostic logical identifier for this item.
-    ///
-    /// By default this is the concatenation of the MediaServer identifier
-    /// and the DIDL `id`. Backends and higher-level logic should use this
-    /// when they need to match items across queue rebuilds.
-    pub fn unique_id(&self) -> String {
-        // ADAPTE si MediaServerId n'implémente pas Display : utilise
-        // un champ string interne ou une méthode as_str().
-        format!("{}::{}", self.media_server_id.0, self.didl_id)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Logical snapshot of a renderer queue.
-///
-/// This is the canonical view used by the ControlPoint and the REST/API
-/// layer. It is independent of how the queue is actually stored (local
-/// in-memory queue, OpenHome playlist, …).
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct QueueSnapshot {
-    /// All items currently in the queue, in play order.
-    pub items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-    /// Index (0-based) of the current item in `items`, or `None` if
-    /// no item is currently selected.
-    pub current_index: Option<usize>,
-}
-
-impl QueueSnapshot {
-    /// Returns the number of items in the snapshot.
-    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
-        self.items.len()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns `true` if the snapshot contains no items.
-    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
-        self.items.is_empty()
-    }
-}
+use crate::{PlaybackItem, QueueSnapshot, errors::ControlPointError};

 /// High-level enqueue mode.
 ///
@@ -158,14 +68,32 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    //  BACKEND PRIMITIVES (must be implemented)
    // =====================================================================

+    /// Returns the length of this queue.
+    fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Lists all the items in this queue.
+    fn track_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Converts a track ID to its position in the queue.
+    fn id_to_position(&self, id: u32) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Converts a track ID to its position in the queue.
+    fn position_to_id(&self, id: usize) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Return the current playing track identifier
+    fn current_track(&self) -> Result<Option<u32>, ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Returns the current playing track index in the queue
+    fn current_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError>;
+
    /// Returns the full snapshot (items + current index) of this queue.
-    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot>;
+    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot, ControlPointError>;

    /// Sets the current index for this queue.
    ///
    /// This method only updates the queue structure (pointer to the current
    /// item). It MUST NOT start playback.
-    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<()>;
+    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;

    /// Replaces the entire queue with a new list of items and a new
    /// current index.
@@ -173,60 +101,46 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
        &mut self,
        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()>;
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Updates the queue while adjusting so that the new current_index
+    /// corresponds to the old current index track.
+    /// If the old current index track is absent from the new queue,
+    /// it is kept as the first item and the new items are appended after it.
+    fn sync_queue(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;

    /// Returns the item at `index`, if it exists.
-    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>>;
+    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError>;

    /// Replaces the item at `index` with `item`.
-    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<()>;
+    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;
+
+    /// Enqueues items according to the selected `EnqueueMode`.
+    ///
+    /// This method only manipulates the queue structure; it does not
+    /// start playback.
+    fn enqueue_items(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        mode: EnqueueMode,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError>;

    // =====================================================================
    //  DEFAULT HELPERS (backend-agnostic logic)
    // =====================================================================

    /// Clears the queue.
-    fn clear_queue(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
+    fn clear_queue(&mut self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        self.replace_queue(Vec::new(), None)
    }

-    /// Alias for `clear_queue`, semantic name for “empty before rebuild”.
-    fn empty_queue(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
-        self.clear_queue()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the current index, if any.
-    fn current_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>> {
-        Ok(self.queue_snapshot()?.current_index)
-    }
-
-    /// Returns the number of items in the queue.
-    fn len(&self) -> Result<usize> {
-        Ok(self.queue_snapshot()?.len())
-    }
-
    /// Returns `true` if the queue is empty.
-    fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        Ok(self.queue_snapshot()?.is_empty())
    }

-    /// Returns a full snapshot of the queue.
-    fn full_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot> {
-        self.queue_snapshot()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns an iterator over all items in the queue.
-    ///
-    /// The default implementation:
-    ///   - takes a snapshot,
-    ///   - returns a boxed iterator owning the underlying `Vec`.
-    fn iter_items(&self) -> Result<Box<dyn Iterator<Item = PlaybackItem>>> {
-        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
-        Ok(Box::new(snapshot.items.into_iter()))
-    }
-
    /// Returns the list of items that come strictly after the current index.
-    fn upcoming_items(&self) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>> {
+    fn upcoming_items(&self) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
        let items = match snapshot.current_index {
            None => snapshot.items,
@@ -236,13 +150,18 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    }

    /// Returns how many items remain in the queue after the current index.
-    fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize> {
-        Ok(self.upcoming_items()?.len())
+    fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
+        let len = snapshot.items.len();
+        match snapshot.current_index {
+            None => Ok(len),
+            Some(idx) => Ok(len.saturating_sub(idx + 1)),
+        }
    }

    /// Returns the current item (or the first pending item if no index is set)
    /// along with the count of remaining items.
-    fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>> {
+    fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
        let QueueSnapshot {
            items,
@@ -274,7 +193,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {

    /// Advances the queue to the next item (respecting the current index) and
    /// returns it with the number of remaining items.
-    fn dequeue_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>> {
+    fn dequeue_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
        let QueueSnapshot {
            items,
@@ -306,38 +225,8 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
        Ok(Some((item, remaining)))
    }

-    /// Enqueues items according to the selected `EnqueueMode`.
-    ///
-    /// This method only manipulates the queue structure; it does not
-    /// start playback.
-    fn enqueue_items(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>, mode: EnqueueMode) -> Result<()> {
-        let mut snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
-
-        match mode {
-            EnqueueMode::AppendToEnd => {
-                snapshot.items.extend(items);
-            }
-            EnqueueMode::InsertAfterCurrent => {
-                let insert_pos = snapshot
-                    .current_index
-                    .map(|i| (i + 1).min(snapshot.items.len()))
-                    .unwrap_or(0);
-
-                for (offset, it) in items.into_iter().enumerate() {
-                    snapshot.items.insert(insert_pos + offset, it);
-                }
-            }
-            EnqueueMode::ReplaceAll => {
-                snapshot.items = items;
-                snapshot.current_index = None;
-            }
-        }
-
-        self.replace_queue(snapshot.items, snapshot.current_index)
-    }
-
    /// Replaces the queue with `items` and sets a default index.
-    fn replace_all(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<()> {
+    fn replace_all(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        if items.is_empty() {
            self.replace_queue(Vec::new(), None)
        } else {
@@ -347,7 +236,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {

    /// Appends items and, if the queue was previously empty, initializes
    /// the current index to `0`.
-    fn append_or_init_index(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<()> {
+    fn append_or_init_index(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let was_empty = self.is_empty()?;
        let mut snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
        snapshot.items.extend(items);
@@ -362,7 +251,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    }

    /// Computes the “next” index.
-    fn next_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>> {
+    fn next_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError> {
        let len = self.len()?;
        if len == 0 {
            return Ok(None);
@@ -376,7 +265,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    }

    /// Computes the “previous” index.
-    fn previous_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>> {
+    fn previous_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError> {
        match self.current_index()? {
            None => Ok(None),
            Some(0) => Ok(None),
@@ -385,7 +274,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    }

    /// Advances the current index to the next item, if any.
-    fn advance(&mut self) -> Result<bool> {
+    fn advance(&mut self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        if let Some(next) = self.next_index()? {
            self.set_index(Some(next))?;
            Ok(true)
@@ -395,7 +284,7 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
    }

    /// Rewinds the current index to the previous item, if any.
-    fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<bool> {
+    fn rewind(&mut self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        if let Some(prev) = self.previous_index()? {
            self.set_index(Some(prev))?;
            Ok(true)
@@ -404,44 +293,20 @@ pub trait QueueBackend {
        }
    }

-    /// Convenience helper to update an item “in place” at the given index.
+    /// Convenience helper to update an item "in place" at the given index.
    fn update_item(
        &mut self,
        index: usize,
        update: impl FnOnce(PlaybackItem) -> PlaybackItem,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        if let Some(item) = self.get_item(index)? {
            let new_item = update(item);
            self.replace_item(index, new_item)
        } else {
-            anyhow::bail!("Queue index {} out of range", index);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Synchronizes the queue with a new list of items coming from an
-    /// external MediaServer, trying to preserve the current track.
-    fn sync_from_external_preserve_current(&mut self, new_items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<()> {
-        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
-        let current = snapshot
-            .current_index
-            .and_then(|i| snapshot.items.get(i).cloned());
-
-        let Some(current) = current else {
-            return self.replace_all(new_items);
-        };
-
-        let current_uid = current.unique_id();
-
-        if let Some(new_idx) = new_items
-            .iter()
-            .position(|it| it.unique_id() == current_uid)
-        {
-            self.replace_queue(new_items, Some(new_idx))
-        } else {
-            let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(new_items.len() + 1);
-            items.push(current);
-            items.extend(new_items);
-            self.replace_queue(items, Some(0))
+            Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "Queue index {} out of range",
+                index
+            )))
        }
    }
 }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/interne.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/interne.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+//! Internal (local) queue implementation for PMOControl.
+//!
+//! This module provides a concrete implementation of the generic
+//! `QueueBackend` trait for queues that are fully managed inside the
+//! ControlPoint, without delegating playlist management to a remote
+//! backend (like OpenHome).
+//!
+//! In this design, each queue instance is associated to exactly one
+//! renderer. The queue does not need to know the renderer identifier:
+//! it is "bound" to the renderer by construction, and will be stored
+//! directly in the runtime (inside a higher-level `MusicQueue` enum).
+//!
+//! This internal queue:
+//!   - owns its list of `PlaybackItem`s,
+//!   - maintains a `current_index`,
+//!   - never starts playback (transport control is handled elsewhere).
+
+
+use crate::{
+    DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, RendererInfo,
+    errors::ControlPointError,
+    queue::{MusicQueue, PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueFromRendererInfo, QueueSnapshot},
+};
+
+/// Internal/local queue implementation.
+///
+/// This is the simplest possible queue backend:
+///   - a `Vec<PlaybackItem>`
+///   - plus an optional `current_index`.
+///
+/// It does not talk to any remote service. All operations are pure
+/// structural mutations on in-memory data.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct InternalQueue {
+    renderer_id: DeviceId,
+    items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+    current_index: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl InternalQueue {
+    /// Creates an empty internal queue.
+    pub fn new(renderer_id: DeviceId) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            renderer_id,
+            items: Vec::new(),
+            current_index: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<InternalQueue, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(InternalQueue::new(info.id()))
+    }
+
+    /// Exposes a read-only view of the underlying items.
+    pub fn items(&self) -> &[PlaybackItem] {
+        &self.items
+    }
+}
+
+impl QueueBackend for InternalQueue {
+    fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.items.len())
+    }
+
+    fn track_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        let ids: Vec<u32> = (0..self.len()?).map(|i| i as u32).collect();
+        Ok(ids)
+    }
+
+    fn id_to_position(&self, id: u32) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(id as usize)
+    }
+
+    fn position_to_id(&self, id: usize) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        u32::try_from(id).map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "Position {} exceeds u32::MAX",
+                id
+            ))
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn current_track(&self) -> Result<Option<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self.current_index {
+            None => Ok(None),
+            Some(i) => {
+                u32::try_from(i)
+                    .map(Some)
+                    .map_err(|_| {
+                        ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                            "Current index {} exceeds u32::MAX",
+                            i
+                        ))
+                    })
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn current_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.current_index)
+    }
+
+    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot, ControlPointError> {
+        let mut items = self.items.clone();
+        for (i, item) in items.iter_mut().enumerate() {
+            item.backend_id = i;
+        }
+
+        Ok(QueueSnapshot {
+            items,
+            current_index: self.current_index,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match index {
+            None => {
+                self.current_index = None;
+            }
+            Some(i) => {
+                if i < self.items.len() {
+                    self.current_index = Some(i);
+                } else {
+                    return Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                        "Index out of bound {} >= {}",
+                        i,
+                        self.items.len()
+                    )));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn replace_queue(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        current_index: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.items = items;
+        self.current_index = current_index.filter(|&i| i < self.items.len());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn sync_queue(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if items.is_empty() {
+            return self.replace_queue(Vec::new(), None);
+        }
+
+        // Récupérer l'item actuel
+        let current = self.current_index
+            .and_then(|idx| self.items.get(idx).map(|item| (idx, item.uri.clone())));
+
+        if let Some((_current_idx, current_uri)) = current {
+            // Chercher l'item actuel dans la nouvelle liste (par URI)
+            let new_idx = items.iter().position(|item| item.uri == current_uri);
+
+            if let Some(new_idx) = new_idx {
+                // Item trouvé dans la nouvelle liste
+                self.replace_queue(items, Some(new_idx))
+            } else {
+                // Item pas trouvé, le garder comme premier
+                let current_item = self.items[self.current_index.unwrap()].clone();
+                let mut new_items = Vec::with_capacity(items.len() + 1);
+                new_items.push(current_item);
+                new_items.extend(items);
+                self.replace_queue(new_items, Some(0))
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Pas d'item actuel
+            self.replace_queue(items, None)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn enqueue_items(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        mode: crate::queue::EnqueueMode,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        use crate::queue::EnqueueMode;
+
+        match mode {
+            EnqueueMode::AppendToEnd => {
+                self.items.extend(items);
+            }
+            EnqueueMode::InsertAfterCurrent => {
+                let insert_pos = self.current_index
+                    .map(|i| (i + 1).min(self.items.len()))
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+
+                for (offset, item) in items.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                    self.items.insert(insert_pos + offset, item);
+                }
+            }
+            EnqueueMode::ReplaceAll => {
+                self.items = items;
+                self.current_index = None;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
+        if index < self.items.len() {
+            Ok(self.items.get(index).cloned())
+        } else {
+            Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "get_item index out of bound {} >= {}",
+                index,
+                self.items.len()
+            )))
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Optimized helpers for InternalQueue
+    fn clear_queue(&mut self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.items.clear();
+        self.current_index = None;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.items.is_empty())
+    }
+
+    fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        let len = self.items.len();
+        match self.current_index {
+            None => Ok(len),
+            Some(idx) => Ok(len.saturating_sub(idx + 1)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn upcoming_items(&self) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
+        let items = match self.current_index {
+            None => self.items.clone(),
+            Some(idx) => self.items.iter().skip(idx + 1).cloned().collect(),
+        };
+        Ok(items)
+    }
+
+    fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        if self.items.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let len = self.items.len();
+        let (item, resolved_index) = match self.current_index {
+            Some(idx) if idx < len => (self.items.get(idx).cloned(), Some(idx)),
+            _ => (self.items.first().cloned(), None),
+        };
+
+        let item = match item {
+            Some(item) => item,
+            None => return Ok(None),
+        };
+
+        let remaining = match resolved_index {
+            Some(idx) => len.saturating_sub(idx + 1),
+            None => len,
+        };
+
+        Ok(Some((item, remaining)))
+    }
+
+    fn dequeue_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        if self.items.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let len = self.items.len();
+        let next_index = match self.current_index {
+            None => 0,
+            Some(idx) => {
+                let candidate = idx + 1;
+                if candidate >= len {
+                    return Ok(None);
+                }
+                candidate
+            }
+        };
+
+        let Some(item) = self.items.get(next_index).cloned() else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+
+        let remaining = len.saturating_sub(next_index + 1);
+        self.current_index = Some(next_index);
+        Ok(Some((item, remaining)))
+    }
+
+    fn append_or_init_index(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let was_empty = self.items.is_empty();
+        self.items.extend(items);
+
+        if was_empty && !self.items.is_empty() {
+            self.current_index = Some(0);
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if index < self.items.len() {
+            self.items[index] = item;
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "Index out of bound {} >= {}",
+                index,
+                self.items.len()
+            )))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl QueueFromRendererInfo for InternalQueue {
+    fn from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        InternalQueue::from_renderer_info(renderer)
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicQueue {
+        MusicQueue::Internal(self)
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+mod backend;
+mod interne;
+mod music_queue;
+mod openhome;
+mod snapshot;
+
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+pub use backend::{EnqueueMode, QueueBackend};
+pub use music_queue::MusicQueue;
+pub use snapshot::{PlaybackItem, QueueSnapshot};
+
+// Internal queue implementations - not part of the public API
+pub(crate) use interne::InternalQueue;
+pub(crate) use openhome::OpenHomeQueue;
+
+use crate::{RendererInfo, errors::ControlPointError};
+
+pub trait QueueFromRendererInfo {
+    fn from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized;
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicQueue;
+
+    fn build_from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<MusicQueue, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        let instance = Self::from_renderer_info(renderer)?;
+        Ok(instance.to_backend())
+    }
+
+    fn make_from_renderer_info(
+        renderer: &RendererInfo,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<Mutex<MusicQueue>>, ControlPointError>
+    where
+        Self: Sized,
+    {
+        let backend = Self::build_from_renderer_info(renderer)?;
+        Ok(Arc::new(Mutex::new(backend)))
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/music_queue.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/music_queue.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::queue::{
+    EnqueueMode, InternalQueue, OpenHomeQueue, QueueBackend, QueueFromRendererInfo,
+};
+use crate::{PlaybackItem, QueueSnapshot, RendererInfo};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum MusicQueue {
+    Internal(InternalQueue),
+    OpenHome(OpenHomeQueue),
+}
+
+impl MusicQueue {
+    /// Creates a queue appropriate for the given renderer.
+    /// This is the factory method used by QueueFromRendererInfo trait.
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<MusicQueue, ControlPointError> {
+        if info.capabilities().has_oh_playlist() {
+            Ok(MusicQueue::OpenHome(OpenHomeQueue::from_renderer_info(
+                info,
+            )?))
+        } else {
+            Ok(MusicQueue::Internal(InternalQueue::from_renderer_info(
+                info,
+            )?))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl QueueBackend for MusicQueue {
+    // Primitives
+    fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.len(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.len(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn track_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.track_ids(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.track_ids(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn id_to_position(&self, id: u32) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.id_to_position(id),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.id_to_position(id),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn position_to_id(&self, id: usize) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.position_to_id(id),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.position_to_id(id),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn current_track(&self) -> Result<Option<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.current_track(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.current_track(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn current_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.current_index(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.current_index(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.queue_snapshot(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.queue_snapshot(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.set_index(index),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.set_index(index),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn replace_queue(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        current_index: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.replace_queue(items, current_index),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.replace_queue(items, current_index),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn sync_queue(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.sync_queue(items),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.sync_queue(items),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.get_item(index),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.get_item(index),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.replace_item(index, item),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.replace_item(index, item),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn enqueue_items(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        mode: EnqueueMode,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.enqueue_items(items, mode),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.enqueue_items(items, mode),
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Optimized helpers
+    fn clear_queue(&mut self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.clear_queue(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.clear_queue(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.is_empty(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.is_empty(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.upcoming_len(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.upcoming_len(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn upcoming_items(&self) -> Result<Vec<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.upcoming_items(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.upcoming_items(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.peek_current(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.peek_current(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn dequeue_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.dequeue_next(),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.dequeue_next(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn append_or_init_index(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        match self {
+            MusicQueue::Internal(q) => q.append_or_init_index(items),
+            MusicQueue::OpenHome(q) => q.append_or_init_index(items),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl QueueFromRendererInfo for MusicQueue {
+    fn from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        MusicQueue::from_renderer_info(renderer)
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicQueue {
+        self
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/openhome.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/openhome.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+use std::usize;
+
+use quick_xml::escape::escape;
+use tracing::debug;
+
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::upnp_clients::{
+    OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID, OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhTrack,
+    OhTrackEntry,
+};
+// use crate::openhome_playlist::{OpenHomePlaylistSnapshot, OpenHomePlaylistTrack};
+use crate::queue::{
+    EnqueueMode, MusicQueue, PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueFromRendererInfo, QueueSnapshot,
+};
+use crate::{DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, RendererInfo};
+
+/// Local mirror of an OpenHome playlist for a single renderer.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct OpenHomeQueue {
+    renderer_id: DeviceId,
+    playlist_client: OhPlaylistClient,
+    info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
+    product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
+    // current_index: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl OpenHomeQueue {
+    pub fn new(
+        renderer_id: DeviceId,
+        playlist: OhPlaylistClient,
+        info_client: Option<OhInfoClient>,
+        product_client: Option<OhProductClient>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            renderer_id,
+            playlist_client: playlist,
+            info_client,
+            product_client,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<OpenHomeQueue, ControlPointError> {
+        let playlist_client = OhPlaylistClient::from_renderer_info(info)?;
+        let info_client = OhInfoClient::from_renderer_info(&info).ok();
+        let product_client = OhProductClient::from_renderer_info(&info).ok();
+
+        Ok(OpenHomeQueue::new(
+            info.id(),
+            playlist_client,
+            info_client,
+            product_client,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if let Some(product) = &self.product_client {
+            product.ensure_playlist_source_selected()
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn playback_item_from_entry(&self, entry: &OhTrackEntry) -> PlaybackItem {
+        let metadata = entry.metadata();
+        let didl_id = entry
+            .didl_id()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("openhome:{}", entry.id));
+        PlaybackItem {
+            media_server_id: DeviceId(format!("openhome:{}", self.renderer_id.0)),
+            backend_id: entry.id as usize,
+            didl_id,
+            uri: entry.uri().to_string(),
+            // OpenHome tracks don't provide protocolInfo, use generic default
+            protocol_info: "http-get:*:audio/*:*".to_string(),
+            metadata,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn item_with_openhome_id(&self, mut item: PlaybackItem, track_id: u32) -> PlaybackItem {
+        item.didl_id = format!("openhome:{}", track_id);
+        item.media_server_id = DeviceId(format!("openhome:{}", self.renderer_id.0));
+        item
+    }
+
+    fn add_playback_item(
+        &mut self,
+        item: PlaybackItem,
+        after_id: u32,
+    ) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        let metadata_xml = build_metadata_xml(&item);
+        let new_id = self
+            .playlist_client
+            .insert(after_id, &item.uri, &metadata_xml)?;
+        Ok(new_id)
+    }
+
+    /// CASE 1: Replace queue while preserving the currently playing item as first.
+    /// The currently playing item is NOT in the new playlist, so we keep it as the first
+    /// item and append the entire new playlist after it.
+    fn replace_queue_preserve_current(
+        &mut self,
+        new_items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        playing_id: usize,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        // Get current track IDs from OpenHome
+        let current_track_ids = self.track_ids()?;
+
+        // Delete everything except the currently playing item
+        // Using delete_id_if_exists() to handle cases where another control point
+        // may have already modified the playlist
+        for &track_id in current_track_ids.iter().rev() {
+            if track_id as usize != playing_id {
+                self.playlist_client.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Insert new items after the currently playing track
+        let mut previous_id = playing_id as u32;
+        for item in new_items {
+            let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
+            let new_id = self
+                .playlist_client
+                .insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
+            previous_id = new_id;
+        }
+
+        debug!(
+            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+            "Gentle sync completed: preserved playing track as first item (not in new playlist)"
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Helper: Delete items marked for deletion in reverse order with logging.
+    fn delete_marked_items(
+        &mut self,
+        old_ids: &[u32],
+        keep_flags: &[bool],
+        position_label: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        for (idx, &track_id) in old_ids.iter().enumerate().rev() {
+            if !keep_flags[idx] {
+                debug!(
+                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                    track_id,
+                    position = position_label,
+                    "RENDERER OP: DeleteId({})",
+                    track_id
+                );
+                self.playlist_client.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Helper: Rebuild a playlist section (before or after pivot) using LCS results.
+    fn rebuild_playlist_section(
+        &mut self,
+        new_items: &[PlaybackItem],
+        keep_new_flags: &[bool],
+        old_ids: &[u32],
+        keep_old_flags: &[bool],
+        mut previous_id: u32,
+        position_label: &str,
+    ) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        // Collect IDs of kept items (in order)
+        let remaining_ids: Vec<u32> = old_ids
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .filter_map(|(idx, &id)| if keep_old_flags[idx] { Some(id) } else { None })
+            .collect();
+
+        let mut remaining_idx = 0;
+
+        // Rebuild section
+        for (idx, item) in new_items.iter().enumerate() {
+            if keep_new_flags[idx] {
+                let existing_id = remaining_ids[remaining_idx];
+                remaining_idx += 1;
+                previous_id = existing_id;
+                debug!(
+                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                    track_id = existing_id,
+                    position = position_label,
+                    "KEPT existing track ID {}",
+                    existing_id
+                );
+            } else {
+                let metadata = build_metadata_xml(item);
+                let new_id = self
+                    .playlist_client
+                    .insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
+                debug!(
+                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                    after_id = previous_id,
+                    new_id,
+                    position = position_label,
+                    "RENDERER OP: Insert(after={}) -> new_id={}",
+                    previous_id,
+                    new_id
+                );
+                previous_id = new_id;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(previous_id)
+    }
+
+    /// CASE 2: Replace queue with double-LCS (before and after the pivot).
+    /// The currently playing item IS in the new playlist, so we use it as a pivot
+    /// and apply LCS separately to the portions before and after it.
+    fn replace_queue_with_pivot(
+        &mut self,
+        new_items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        pivot_idx_new: usize,
+        pivot_id: usize,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        // Get current state from OpenHome
+        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
+        let current_track_ids = self.track_ids()?;
+
+        // Find the pivot index in our current state
+        let pivot_idx = current_track_ids
+            .iter()
+            .position(|&id| id as usize == pivot_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                    "Pivot track ID {} not found in playlist",
+                    pivot_id
+                ))
+            })?;
+
+        // Split current data at the pivot
+        let old_before: Vec<PlaybackItem> = snapshot.items[..pivot_idx].to_vec();
+        let old_after: Vec<PlaybackItem> = snapshot.items[pivot_idx + 1..].to_vec();
+        let old_ids_before: Vec<u32> = current_track_ids[..pivot_idx].to_vec();
+        let old_ids_after: Vec<u32> = current_track_ids[pivot_idx + 1..].to_vec();
+
+        let new_before = &new_items[..pivot_idx_new];
+        let new_after = &new_items[pivot_idx_new + 1..];
+
+        // LCS on the AFTER part (using fresh data from OpenHome)
+        let (keep_old_after, keep_new_after) = lcs_flags(&old_after, new_after);
+
+        // LCS on the BEFORE part (using fresh data from OpenHome)
+        let (keep_old_before, keep_new_before) = lcs_flags(&old_before, new_before);
+
+        // Delete items marked for deletion in AFTER part (reverse order)
+        self.delete_marked_items(&old_ids_after, &keep_old_after, "AFTER pivot")?;
+
+        // Delete items marked for deletion in BEFORE part (reverse order)
+        self.delete_marked_items(&old_ids_before, &keep_old_before, "BEFORE pivot")?;
+
+        // Rebuild the playlist: [BEFORE, PIVOT, AFTER]
+        // Rebuild BEFORE part (we don't need the returned previous_id)
+        self.rebuild_playlist_section(
+            new_before,
+            &keep_new_before,
+            &old_ids_before,
+            &keep_old_before,
+            OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID,
+            "BEFORE pivot",
+        )?;
+
+        // PIVOT keeps its ID and position - it's the anchor point
+        let previous_id = pivot_id as u32;
+        debug!(
+            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+            pivot_id,
+            pivot_idx_new,
+            "PIVOT preserved with ID {} at index {}",
+            pivot_id,
+            pivot_idx_new
+        );
+
+        // Rebuild AFTER part
+        self.rebuild_playlist_section(
+            new_after,
+            &keep_new_after,
+            &old_ids_after,
+            &keep_old_after,
+            previous_id,
+            "AFTER pivot",
+        )?;
+
+        debug!(
+            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+            pivot_idx = pivot_idx_new,
+            pivot_id,
+            "Gentle sync completed: double-LCS with pivot (playing track preserved)"
+        );
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Standard LCS-based replacement (used when no currently playing item).
+    fn replace_queue_standard_lcs(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        _current_index: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        // Get current state from OpenHome
+        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
+        let current_track_ids = self.track_ids()?;
+
+        let (keep_current, keep_desired) = lcs_flags(&snapshot.items, &items);
+
+        let items_to_keep = keep_current.iter().filter(|&&k| k).count();
+        let items_to_delete = keep_current.iter().filter(|&&k| !k).count();
+        let items_to_add = keep_desired.iter().filter(|&&k| !k).count();
+
+        debug!(
+            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+            keep = items_to_keep,
+            delete = items_to_delete,
+            add = items_to_add,
+            "LCS computed: minimizing OpenHome playlist operations"
+        );
+
+        // If we're replacing everything (keep=0), use delete_all() instead of
+        // individual delete_id() calls. This is much more robust for live playlists
+        // where track IDs can become invalid between refresh and deletion.
+        if items_to_keep == 0 && items_to_delete > 0 {
+            debug!(
+                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                "Using delete_all() for complete replacement (more robust for live playlists)"
+            );
+            self.playlist_client.delete_all()?;
+        } else {
+            // Selective deletion when keeping some items
+            for idx in (0..current_track_ids.len()).rev() {
+                if !keep_current[idx] {
+                    let track_id = current_track_ids[idx];
+                    // Use delete_id_if_exists() to handle cases where another control point
+                    // may have already modified the playlist
+                    self.playlist_client.delete_id_if_exists(track_id)?;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Rebuild by inserting new items
+        let remaining_ids: Vec<u32> = current_track_ids
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .filter_map(|(idx, &id)| {
+                if keep_current.get(idx).copied().unwrap_or(false) {
+                    Some(id)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        let mut remaining_idx = 0usize;
+        let mut previous_id = OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID;
+
+        for (idx, item) in items.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            if keep_desired[idx] {
+                if remaining_idx >= remaining_ids.len() {
+                    return Err(ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                        "OpenHome playlist refresh bookkeeping mismatch (kept entries underflow)"
+                    )));
+                }
+                let existing_id = remaining_ids[remaining_idx];
+                remaining_idx += 1;
+                previous_id = existing_id;
+            } else {
+                let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
+                let new_id = self
+                    .playlist_client
+                    .insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
+                previous_id = new_id;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if remaining_idx != remaining_ids.len() {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                "OpenHome playlist refresh bookkeeping mismatch (kept entries overflow)"
+            )));
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+fn build_metadata_xml(item: &PlaybackItem) -> String {
+    let title = item
+        .metadata
+        .as_ref()
+        .and_then(|m| m.title.as_deref())
+        .unwrap_or("Unknown");
+    let escaped_title = escape(title);
+    let escaped_uri = escape(item.uri.as_str());
+    let escaped_id = escape(item.didl_id.as_str());
+
+    let mut xml = String::from(
+        r#"<DIDL-Lite xmlns="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/DIDL-Lite/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:upnp="urn:schemas-upnp-org:metadata-1-0/upnp/">"#,
+    );
+    xml.push_str(&format!(
+        r#"<item id="{}" parentID="-1" restricted="1">"#,
+        escaped_id
+    ));
+    xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:title>{}</dc:title>", escaped_title));
+
+    if let Some(meta) = &item.metadata {
+        if let Some(artist) = meta.artist.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(artist);
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:artist>{}</upnp:artist>", escaped));
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:creator>{}</dc:creator>", escaped));
+        }
+        if let Some(album) = meta.album.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(album);
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:album>{}</upnp:album>", escaped));
+        }
+        if let Some(genre) = meta.genre.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(genre);
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:genre>{}</upnp:genre>", escaped));
+        }
+        if let Some(uri) = meta.album_art_uri.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(uri);
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<upnp:albumArtURI>{}</upnp:albumArtURI>", escaped));
+        }
+        if let Some(date) = meta.date.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(date);
+            xml.push_str(&format!("<dc:date>{}</dc:date>", escaped));
+        }
+        if let Some(track_no) = meta.track_number.as_deref() {
+            let escaped = escape(track_no);
+            xml.push_str(&format!(
+                "<upnp:originalTrackNumber>{}</upnp:originalTrackNumber>",
+                escaped
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+
+    let escaped_protocol_info = escape(item.protocol_info.as_str());
+    xml.push_str(&format!(
+        r#"<res protocolInfo="{}">{}</res>"#,
+        escaped_protocol_info, escaped_uri
+    ));
+    xml.push_str(r#"<upnp:class>object.item.audioItem.musicTrack</upnp:class></item></DIDL-Lite>"#);
+    xml
+}
+
+fn lcs_flags(current: &[PlaybackItem], desired: &[PlaybackItem]) -> (Vec<bool>, Vec<bool>) {
+    let m = current.len();
+    let n = desired.len();
+    let mut dp = vec![vec![0u32; n + 1]; m + 1];
+
+    for i in 0..m {
+        for j in 0..n {
+            if current[i].uri == desired[j].uri {
+                dp[i + 1][j + 1] = dp[i][j] + 1;
+            } else {
+                dp[i + 1][j + 1] = dp[i + 1][j].max(dp[i][j + 1]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut keep_current = vec![false; m];
+    let mut keep_desired = vec![false; n];
+    let (mut i, mut j) = (m, n);
+
+    while i > 0 && j > 0 {
+        if current[i - 1].uri == desired[j - 1].uri {
+            keep_current[i - 1] = true;
+            keep_desired[j - 1] = true;
+            i -= 1;
+            j -= 1;
+        } else if dp[i - 1][j] >= dp[i][j - 1] {
+            i -= 1;
+        } else {
+            j -= 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    (keep_current, keep_desired)
+}
+
+impl QueueBackend for OpenHomeQueue {
+    fn len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.track_ids()?.len())
+    }
+
+    /// Return the list of OpenHome track IDs in order.
+    fn track_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        self.playlist_client.id_array()
+    }
+
+    fn id_to_position(&self, id: u32) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        self.track_ids()?
+            .iter()
+            .position(|&tid| tid == id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::QueueError(format!("Item {} id is not present in the queue", id))
+            })
+    }
+
+    fn position_to_id(&self, index: usize) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
+        let idxs = self.track_ids()?;
+
+        if index < idxs.len() {
+            Ok(idxs[index])
+        } else {
+            Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "Index out of bound {} >= {}",
+                index,
+                idxs.len()
+            )))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn current_track(&self) -> Result<Option<u32>, ControlPointError> {
+        let id = self.playlist_client.id()?;
+        // OpenHome returns 0 when no track is selected/playing
+        if id == 0 { Ok(None) } else { Ok(Some(id)) }
+    }
+
+    fn current_index(&self) -> Result<Option<usize>, ControlPointError> {
+        if let Some(id) = self.current_track()? {
+            return Ok(Some(self.id_to_position(id)?));
+        }
+
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+
+    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot, ControlPointError> {
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        let entries = self.playlist_client.read_all_tracks()?;
+        let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(entries.len());
+
+        for entry in &entries {
+            items.push(self.playback_item_from_entry(entry));
+        }
+
+        // Get the currently playing track ID from the renderer (may be None if no track is playing)
+        let current_id = self.playlist_client.id().ok();
+
+        // Find the index of the current track in the playlist
+        let current_index = current_id.and_then(|id| {
+            items
+                .iter()
+                .position(|entry_id| entry_id.backend_id == id as usize)
+        });
+
+        Ok(QueueSnapshot {
+            items: items,
+            current_index: current_index,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if let Some(index) = index {
+            let track_id = self.position_to_id(index)?;
+            self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+            self.playlist_client.seek_id(track_id)?;
+        } else {
+            self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+            self.playlist_client.stop()?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn replace_queue(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        current_index: Option<usize>,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if let Some(ci) = current_index {
+            if ci >= items.len() {
+                return Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                    "Invalid Current index parameter {} >= {}",
+                    ci,
+                    items.len()
+                )));
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        self.playlist_client.delete_all()?;
+
+        if items.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        let mut previous_id = OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID;
+
+        for item in items {
+            let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
+            let new_id = self
+                .playlist_client
+                .insert(previous_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
+            previous_id = new_id;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn sync_queue(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        if items.is_empty() {
+            self.playlist_client.delete_all()?;
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        // Synchronize local state with the actual OpenHome playlist before computing
+        // differences. Without this, any drift between our cache and the renderer
+        // (e.g., manual edits from another control point) would keep the stale items.
+        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
+        let playing_info = snapshot.current_index.and_then(|idx| {
+            Some((
+                idx,
+                snapshot.items[idx].backend_id,
+                snapshot.items[idx].uri.clone(),
+            ))
+        });
+
+        debug!(
+            renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+            actual_items = snapshot.items.len(),
+            playing_info_detected = playing_info.is_some(),
+            "OpenHome playlist state"
+        );
+
+        if let Some((playing_idx, playing_id, playing_uri)) = playing_info {
+            // Find if the currently playing item is in the new playlist (by URI)
+            let new_playing_idx = items.iter().position(|item| item.uri == playing_uri);
+
+            if let Some(pivot_idx) = new_playing_idx {
+                // CASE 2: Currently playing item IS in the new playlist
+                // Use gentle double-LCS strategy: preserve the pivot and sync before/after separately
+                debug!(
+                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                    playing_idx,
+                    pivot_idx,
+                    "Gentle sync: currently playing item found in new playlist at index {}",
+                    pivot_idx
+                );
+
+                self.replace_queue_with_pivot(items, pivot_idx, playing_id)?;
+            } else {
+                // CASE 1: Currently playing item NOT in the new playlist
+                // Keep it as first item and append the new playlist after it
+                debug!(
+                    renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                    playing_idx,
+                    "Gentle sync: currently playing item not in new playlist, preserving as first item"
+                );
+
+                self.replace_queue_preserve_current(items, playing_id)?;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // No currently playing item or can't determine it - use standard LCS
+            debug!(
+                renderer = self.renderer_id.0.as_str(),
+                "No currently playing item, using standard LCS sync"
+            );
+            self.replace_queue_standard_lcs(items, Some(0))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>, ControlPointError> {
+        let snapshot = self.queue_snapshot()?;
+
+        if index < snapshot.items.len() {
+            return Ok(Some(snapshot.items[index].clone()));
+        }
+
+        Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+            "get_item index out of bound {} >= {}",
+            index,
+            snapshot.items.len()
+        )))
+    }
+
+    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let metadata = build_metadata_xml(&item);
+
+        let ids = self.track_ids()?;
+
+        if index >= ids.len() {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::QueueError(format!(
+                "get_item index out of bound {} >= {}",
+                index,
+                ids.len()
+            )));
+        }
+
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+
+        let track_id = ids[index];
+        let before_id = if index == 0 {
+            OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID
+        } else {
+            ids[index - 1]
+        };
+
+        let ci = self.current_index()?;
+        // Use delete_id_if_exists() to handle cases where another control point
+        // may have already modified the playlist
+        self.playlist_client.delete_id(track_id)?;
+        let new_id = self
+            .playlist_client
+            .insert(before_id, &item.uri, &metadata)?;
+
+        if ci == Some(index) {
+            self.playlist_client.seek_id(new_id)?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Override enqueue_items to add items directly to the OpenHome playlist.
+    fn enqueue_items(
+        &mut self,
+        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+        mode: EnqueueMode,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        if items.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        match mode {
+            EnqueueMode::AppendToEnd => {
+                let ids = self.track_ids()?;
+                let mut after_id = if ids.len() > 0 {
+                    ids[ids.len() - 1]
+                } else {
+                    OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID
+                };
+                // Append to the end of the OpenHome playlist
+                for item in items {
+                    after_id = self.add_playback_item(item, after_id)?;
+                }
+            }
+            EnqueueMode::InsertAfterCurrent => {
+                if let Some(mut after_id) = self.current_track()? {
+                    for item in items {
+                        after_id = self.add_playback_item(item, after_id)?;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    self.enqueue_items(items, EnqueueMode::AppendToEnd)?;
+                }
+            }
+            EnqueueMode::ReplaceAll => {
+                // Replace the entire playlist
+                self.replace_queue(items, None)?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    // Optimized helpers to avoid unnecessary network calls
+
+    /// Optimized clear_queue: use delete_all() directly instead of replace_queue.
+    fn clear_queue(&mut self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        self.ensure_playlist_source_selected()?;
+        self.playlist_client.delete_all()
+    }
+
+    /// Optimized is_empty: only fetch track IDs, not the full playlist.
+    fn is_empty(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        Ok(self.track_ids()?.is_empty())
+    }
+
+    /// Optimized upcoming_len: calculate from len() and current_index() without fetching items.
+    fn upcoming_len(&self) -> Result<usize, ControlPointError> {
+        let len = self.len()?;
+        match self.current_index()? {
+            None => Ok(len),
+            Some(idx) => Ok(len.saturating_sub(idx + 1)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Optimized peek_current: use primitives instead of full snapshot.
+    fn peek_current(&self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        let len = self.len()?;
+        if len == 0 {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let current_idx = self.current_index()?;
+        let resolved_index = match current_idx {
+            Some(idx) if idx < len => Some(idx),
+            _ => None,
+        };
+
+        let item_index = resolved_index.unwrap_or(0);
+        let item = match self.get_item(item_index)? {
+            Some(item) => item,
+            None => return Ok(None),
+        };
+
+        let remaining = match resolved_index {
+            Some(idx) => len.saturating_sub(idx + 1),
+            None => len,
+        };
+
+        Ok(Some((item, remaining)))
+    }
+
+    /// Optimized dequeue_next: use primitives instead of full snapshot.
+    fn dequeue_next(&mut self) -> Result<Option<(PlaybackItem, usize)>, ControlPointError> {
+        let len = self.len()?;
+        if len == 0 {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let current_idx = self.current_index()?;
+        let next_index = match current_idx {
+            None => 0,
+            Some(idx) => {
+                let candidate = idx + 1;
+                if candidate >= len {
+                    return Ok(None);
+                }
+                candidate
+            }
+        };
+
+        let Some(item) = self.get_item(next_index)? else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+
+        let remaining = len.saturating_sub(next_index + 1);
+        self.set_index(Some(next_index))?;
+        Ok(Some((item, remaining)))
+    }
+
+    /// Optimized append_or_init_index: use enqueue_items which is already optimized.
+    fn append_or_init_index(&mut self, items: Vec<PlaybackItem>) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let was_empty = self.is_empty()?;
+
+        // Use the already optimized enqueue_items(AppendToEnd)
+        self.enqueue_items(items, EnqueueMode::AppendToEnd)?;
+
+        // If the queue was empty before, set index to 0
+        if was_empty && !self.is_empty()? {
+            self.set_index(Some(0))?;
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl QueueFromRendererInfo for OpenHomeQueue {
+    fn from_renderer_info(renderer: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        OpenHomeQueue::from_renderer_info(renderer)
+    }
+
+    fn to_backend(self) -> MusicQueue {
+        MusicQueue::OpenHome(self)
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue/snapshot.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue/snapshot.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+use crate::{DeviceId, model::TrackMetadata};
+
+/// Canonical representation of a track in a renderer queue.
+///
+/// This type is the bridge between:
+///   - the UPnP MediaServer (DIDL-Lite items),
+///   - the ControlPoint runtime,
+///   - and the different queue backends (internal / OpenHome).
+///
+/// It is intentionally DIDL-centric: every item in a queue comes from
+/// a UPnP ContentDirectory and carries its MediaServer identity.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct PlaybackItem {
+    /// Identifier of the UPnP MediaServer that owns this content.
+    ///
+    /// Typically this is the UDN of the MediaServer device, or an
+    /// equivalent logical identifier.
+    pub media_server_id: DeviceId,
+
+    /// Internal ID of the item in the queue.
+    /// This ID only has meaning when returning a snapshot.
+    /// In an internal queue, it can have any value; the position in the vector is what matters.
+    /// In principle, it can be set to usize::MAX.
+    pub backend_id: usize,
+
+    /// DIDL-Lite `id` attribute of the `item` in the ContentDirectory.
+    ///
+    /// This, combined with `media_server_id`, is the logical identity
+    /// of the track across refreshes of the MediaServer state.
+    pub didl_id: String,
+
+    /// Main resource URI to be used for playback.
+    ///
+    /// This is usually the first `<res>` element (or a selected one)
+    /// from the DIDL-Lite item.
+    pub uri: String,
+
+    /// UPnP protocolInfo string for the resource (e.g., "http-get:*:audio/flac:*").
+    ///
+    /// This string describes the protocol, network, MIME type, and additional
+    /// info about the media resource. It's required for proper UPnP/OpenHome
+    /// renderer compatibility.
+    pub protocol_info: String,
+
+    /// Optional rich metadata for the track (title, artist, album, cover,
+    /// duration, …).
+    ///
+    /// The exact structure is defined in `TrackMetadata` and may
+    /// aggregate information from DIDL, tags, or additional sources.
+    pub metadata: Option<TrackMetadata>,
+}
+
+impl PlaybackItem {
+    /// Returns a stable, backend-agnostic logical identifier for this item.
+    ///
+    /// By default this is the concatenation of the MediaServer identifier
+    /// and the DIDL `id`. Backends and higher-level logic should use this
+    /// when they need to match items across queue rebuilds.
+    pub fn unique_id(&self) -> String {
+        // ADAPTE si MediaServerId n'implémente pas Display : utilise
+        // un champ string interne ou une méthode as_str().
+        format!("{}::{}", self.media_server_id.0, self.didl_id)
+    }
+}
+
+
+/// Logical snapshot of a renderer queue.
+///
+/// This is the canonical view used by the ControlPoint and the REST/API
+/// layer. It is independent of how the queue is actually stored (local
+/// in-memory queue, OpenHome playlist, …).
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct QueueSnapshot {
+    /// All items currently in the queue, in play order.
+    pub items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
+    /// Index (0-based) of the current item in `items`, or `None` if
+    /// no item is currently selected.
+    pub current_index: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl QueueSnapshot {
+    /// Returns the number of items in the snapshot.
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.items.len()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns `true` if the snapshot contains no items.
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.items.is_empty()
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/queue_interne.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/queue_interne.rs
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-//! Internal (local) queue implementation for PMOControl.
-//!
-//! This module provides a concrete implementation of the generic
-//! `QueueBackend` trait for queues that are fully managed inside the
-//! ControlPoint, without delegating playlist management to a remote
-//! backend (like OpenHome).
-//!
-//! In this design, each queue instance is associated to exactly one
-//! renderer. The queue does not need to know the renderer identifier:
-//! it is "bound" to the renderer by construction, and will be stored
-//! directly in the runtime (inside a higher-level `MusicQueue` enum).
-//!
-//! This internal queue:
-//!   - owns its list of `PlaybackItem`s,
-//!   - maintains a `current_index`,
-//!   - never starts playback (transport control is handled elsewhere).
-
-use anyhow::Result;
-
-use crate::queue_backend::{PlaybackItem, QueueBackend, QueueSnapshot};
-
-/// Internal/local queue implementation.
-///
-/// This is the simplest possible queue backend:
-///   - a `Vec<PlaybackItem>`
-///   - plus an optional `current_index`.
-///
-/// It does not talk to any remote service. All operations are pure
-/// structural mutations on in-memory data.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
-pub struct InternalQueue {
-    items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-    current_index: Option<usize>,
-}
-
-impl InternalQueue {
-    /// Creates an empty internal queue.
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self {
-            items: Vec::new(),
-            current_index: None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Creates an internal queue from an initial list of items.
-    ///
-    /// If `set_current_to_first` is `true` and the list is non-empty,
-    /// the current index is set to `Some(0)`. Otherwise, it is `None`.
-    pub fn from_items(items: Vec<PlaybackItem>, set_current_to_first: bool) -> Self {
-        let current_index = if set_current_to_first && !items.is_empty() {
-            Some(0)
-        } else {
-            None
-        };
-        Self {
-            items,
-            current_index,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Exposes a read-only view of the underlying items.
-    pub fn items(&self) -> &[PlaybackItem] {
-        &self.items
-    }
-
-    /// Exposes the current index (read-only).
-    pub fn current_index(&self) -> Option<usize> {
-        self.current_index
-    }
-}
-
-impl QueueBackend for InternalQueue {
-    fn queue_snapshot(&self) -> Result<QueueSnapshot> {
-        Ok(QueueSnapshot {
-            items: self.items.clone(),
-            current_index: self.current_index,
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn set_index(&mut self, index: Option<usize>) -> Result<()> {
-        match index {
-            None => {
-                self.current_index = None;
-            }
-            Some(i) => {
-                if i < self.items.len() {
-                    self.current_index = Some(i);
-                } else {
-                    self.current_index = None;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn replace_queue(
-        &mut self,
-        items: Vec<PlaybackItem>,
-        current_index: Option<usize>,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        self.items = items;
-        self.current_index = current_index.filter(|&i| i < self.items.len());
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn get_item(&self, index: usize) -> Result<Option<PlaybackItem>> {
-        Ok(self.items.get(index).cloned())
-    }
-
-    fn replace_item(&mut self, index: usize, item: PlaybackItem) -> Result<()> {
-        if index < self.items.len() {
-            self.items[index] = item;
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/registry.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/registry.rs
@@ -1,214 +1,302 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 use std::time::SystemTime;

-use crate::avtransport_client::AvTransportClient;
-use crate::connection_manager_client::ConnectionManagerClient;
-use crate::media_server::{MediaServerInfo, ServerId};
-use crate::model::{RendererId, RendererInfo};
-use crate::rendering_control_client::RenderingControlClient;
-use tracing::debug;
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+use crate::events::{MediaServerEventBus, RendererEventBus};
+use crate::media_server::MusicServer;
+use crate::model::RendererInfo;
+use crate::music_renderer::MusicRenderer;
+use crate::{
+    DeviceId, DeviceIdentity, DeviceOnline, MediaServerEvent, RendererEvent, UpnpMediaServer,
+};

-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-enum DeviceKey {
-    Renderer(RendererId),
-    Server(ServerId),
+const DEFAULT_MAX_AGE: u32 = 1800;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct DeviceItem {
+    music_renderer: Option<Arc<MusicRenderer>>,
+    music_server: Option<Arc<MusicServer>>,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct DeviceRegistry {
-    renderers: HashMap<RendererId, RendererInfo>,
-    servers: HashMap<ServerId, MediaServerInfo>,
-    udn_index: HashMap<String, DeviceKey>,
+    devices: HashMap<DeviceId, DeviceItem>,
+    udn_index: HashMap<String, DeviceId>,
+    renderer_bus: RendererEventBus,
+    server_bus: MediaServerEventBus,
 }

-/// Read-only view / trait for registry access.
-///
-/// Pour l’instant, on ne rajoute pas AVTransport ici, on se contente
-/// d’ajouter les helpers dans `impl DeviceRegistry`.
-pub trait DeviceRegistryRead {
-    fn list_renderers(&self) -> Vec<RendererInfo>;
-    fn list_servers(&self) -> Vec<MediaServerInfo>;
-
-    fn get_renderer(&self, id: &RendererId) -> Option<RendererInfo>;
-    fn get_server(&self, id: &ServerId) -> Option<MediaServerInfo>;
-}
-
-impl DeviceRegistryRead for DeviceRegistry {
-    fn list_renderers(&self) -> Vec<RendererInfo> {
-        self.renderers.values().cloned().collect()
-    }
-
-    fn list_servers(&self) -> Vec<MediaServerInfo> {
-        self.servers.values().cloned().collect()
-    }
-
-    fn get_renderer(&self, id: &RendererId) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
-        self.renderers.get(id).cloned()
-    }
-
-    fn get_server(&self, id: &ServerId) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-        self.servers.get(id).cloned()
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum DeviceUpdate {
-    RendererOnline(RendererInfo),
-    RendererOfflineById(RendererId),
-    RendererOfflineByUdn(String),
+    OfflineById(DeviceId),
+    OfflineByUdn(String),
+}

-    ServerOnline(MediaServerInfo),
-    ServerOfflineById(ServerId),
-    ServerOfflineByUdn(String),
+impl DeviceItem {
+    pub fn as_music_renderer(&self) -> Result<Arc<MusicRenderer>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.music_renderer
+            .clone() // Clone l'Option<Arc<...>>
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::IsNotAMediaRender(format!("{:#?}", self)))
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_a_music_renderer(&self) -> bool {
+        self.music_renderer.is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub fn as_music_server(&self) -> Result<Arc<MusicServer>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.music_server
+            .clone() // Clone l'Option<Arc<...>>
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::IsNotAMediaRender(format!("{:#?}", self)))
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_a_music_server(&self) -> bool {
+        self.music_server.is_some()
+    }
+}
+
+impl DeviceOnline for DeviceItem {
+    fn is_online(&self) -> bool {
+        self.music_renderer
+            .as_ref()
+            .map_or(false, |r| r.is_online())
+            || self.music_server.as_ref().map_or(false, |s| s.is_online())
+    }
+
+    fn last_seen(&self) -> SystemTime {
+        let renderer_time = self.music_renderer.as_ref().map(|r| r.last_seen());
+        let server_time = self.music_server.as_ref().map(|s| s.last_seen());
+
+        match (renderer_time, server_time) {
+            (Some(r), Some(s)) => r.max(s), // Le plus récent
+            (Some(r), None) => r,
+            (None, Some(s)) => s,
+            (None, None) => unreachable!("DeviceEntry must have at least one component"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn has_been_seen_now(&self, max_age: u32) {
+        if let Some(r) = &self.music_renderer {
+            r.has_been_seen_now(max_age);
+        }
+        if let Some(s) = &self.music_server {
+            s.has_been_seen_now(max_age);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn mark_as_offline(&self) {
+        if let Some(r) = &self.music_renderer {
+            r.mark_as_offline();
+        }
+        if let Some(s) = &self.music_server {
+            s.mark_as_offline();
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn max_age(&self) -> u32 {
+        let renderer_max_age = self.music_renderer.as_ref().map(|r| r.max_age());
+        let server_max_age = self.music_server.as_ref().map(|s| s.max_age());
+
+        match (renderer_max_age, server_max_age) {
+            (Some(r), Some(s)) => r.max(s), // Le plus récent
+            (Some(r), None) => r,
+            (None, Some(s)) => s,
+            (None, None) => unreachable!("DeviceEntry must have at least one component"),
+        }
+    }
 }

 impl DeviceRegistry {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self::default()
+    pub fn new(renderer_bus: &RendererEventBus, server_bus: &MediaServerEventBus) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            devices: HashMap::new(),
+            udn_index: HashMap::new(),
+            renderer_bus: renderer_bus.clone(),
+            server_bus: server_bus.clone(),
+        }
    }

-    pub fn apply_update(&mut self, update: DeviceUpdate) {
-        match update {
-            DeviceUpdate::RendererOnline(info) => {
-                let udn = info.udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-                let id = info.id.clone();
-                let mut info = info;
+    pub fn list_renderers(&self) -> Result<Vec<Arc<MusicRenderer>>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.devices
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(_, item)| item.is_a_music_renderer())
+            .map(|(_, item)| item.as_music_renderer())
+            .collect()
+    }

-                info.online = true;
-                info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
+    pub fn list_servers(&self) -> Result<Vec<Arc<MusicServer>>, ControlPointError> {
+        self.devices
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(_, item)| item.is_a_music_server())
+            .map(|(_, item)| item.as_music_server())
+            .collect()
+    }

-                self.renderers.insert(id.clone(), info);
-                self.udn_index.insert(udn, DeviceKey::Renderer(id));
-            }
-            DeviceUpdate::RendererOfflineById(id) => {
-                if let Some(info) = self.renderers.get_mut(&id) {
-                    info.online = false;
-                    info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
-                }
-            }
-            DeviceUpdate::RendererOfflineByUdn(udn) => {
-                let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-                if let Some(DeviceKey::Renderer(id)) = self.udn_index.get(&lookup) {
-                    if let Some(info) = self.renderers.get_mut(id) {
-                        info.online = false;
-                        info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            DeviceUpdate::ServerOnline(info) => {
-                let udn = info.udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-                let id = info.id.clone();
-                let mut info = info;
+    pub fn get_renderer(&self, id: &DeviceId) -> Option<Arc<MusicRenderer>> {
+        self.devices.get(id)?.as_music_renderer().ok()
+    }

-                info.online = true;
-                info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
+    pub fn get_server(&self, id: &DeviceId) -> Option<Arc<MusicServer>> {
+        self.devices.get(id)?.as_music_server().ok()
+    }

-                self.servers.insert(id.clone(), info);
-                self.udn_index.insert(udn, DeviceKey::Server(id));
-            }
-            DeviceUpdate::ServerOfflineById(id) => {
-                if let Some(info) = self.servers.get_mut(&id) {
-                    info.online = false;
-                    info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
-                }
-            }
-            DeviceUpdate::ServerOfflineByUdn(udn) => {
-                let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-                if let Some(DeviceKey::Server(id)) = self.udn_index.get(&lookup) {
-                    if let Some(info) = self.servers.get_mut(id) {
-                        info.online = false;
-                        info.last_seen = SystemTime::now();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
+    pub fn get_device_by_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<DeviceItem> {
+        let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        self.udn_index
+            .get(&lookup)
+            .and_then(|id| self.devices.get(id).cloned())
    }

    /// Helper: get a renderer by UDN (case-insensitive, via udn_index).
-    pub fn get_renderer_by_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<RendererInfo> {
-        let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        match self.udn_index.get(&lookup) {
-            Some(DeviceKey::Renderer(id)) => self.renderers.get(id).cloned(),
-            _ => None,
-        }
+    pub fn get_renderer_by_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<Arc<MusicRenderer>> {
+        self.get_device_by_udn(udn)
+            .and_then(|item| item.as_music_renderer().ok())
    }

    /// Helper: get a server by UDN (case-insensitive, via udn_index).
-    pub fn get_server_by_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<MediaServerInfo> {
-        let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        match self.udn_index.get(&lookup) {
-            Some(DeviceKey::Server(id)) => self.servers.get(id).cloned(),
-            _ => None,
+    pub fn get_server_by_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<Arc<MusicServer>> {
+        self.get_device_by_udn(udn)
+            .and_then(|item| item.as_music_server().ok())
+    }
+
+    pub fn push_renderer(&mut self, info: &RendererInfo, max_age: u32) {
+        let device_id = info.id();
+
+        if let Some(entry) = self.devices.get_mut(&device_id) {
+            if let Some(renderer) = &entry.music_renderer {
+                let was_online = renderer.is_online();
+                renderer.has_been_seen_now(max_age);
+
+                if !was_online {
+                    self.renderer_bus.broadcast(RendererEvent::Online {
+                        id: device_id.clone(),
+                        info: info.basic_info(),
+                    });
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            // Entry existe mais pas de renderer -> on l'ajoute
+            if let Ok(new_renderer) = MusicRenderer::from_renderer_info(info) {
+                entry.music_renderer = Some(Arc::new(new_renderer));
+                self.udn_index
+                    .insert(info.udn().to_ascii_lowercase(), device_id.clone());
+
+                // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                self.renderer_bus.broadcast(RendererEvent::Online {
+                    id: device_id.clone(),
+                    info: info.basic_info(),
+                });
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Entry n'existe pas -> on crée
+            if let Ok(new_renderer) = MusicRenderer::from_renderer_info(info) {
+                let new_entry = DeviceItem {
+                    music_renderer: Some(Arc::new(new_renderer)),
+                    music_server: None,
+                };
+
+                self.devices.insert(device_id.clone(), new_entry);
+                self.udn_index
+                    .insert(info.udn().to_ascii_lowercase(), device_id.clone());
+
+                // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                self.renderer_bus.broadcast(RendererEvent::Online {
+                    id: device_id,
+                    info: info.basic_info(),
+                });
+            }
        }
    }

-    /// Construct an AvTransportClient for a given renderer id, if possible.
-    ///
-    /// Returns:
-    /// - Some(client) if the renderer exists AND has avtransport_* fields set
-    /// - None if renderer not found or no AVTransport service.
-    pub fn avtransport_client_for_renderer(&self, id: &RendererId) -> Option<AvTransportClient> {
-        let info = self.renderers.get(id)?;
+    pub fn push_server(&mut self, info: &UpnpMediaServer, max_age: u32) {
+        let device_id = info.id();

-        let service_type = info.avtransport_service_type.as_ref()?;
-        let control_url = info.avtransport_control_url.as_ref()?;
+        if let Some(entry) = self.devices.get_mut(&device_id) {
+            if let Some(server) = &entry.music_server {
+                let was_online = server.is_online();
+                server.has_been_seen_now(max_age);

-        Some(AvTransportClient::new(
-            control_url.clone(),
-            service_type.clone(),
-        ))
+                if !was_online {
+                    self.server_bus.broadcast(MediaServerEvent::Online {
+                        server_id: device_id.clone(),
+                        info: info.basic_info(),
+                    });
+                }
+
+                return;
+            }
+            // Entry existe mais pas de renderer -> on l'ajoute
+            if let Ok(new_server) = MusicServer::from_server_info(info) {
+                entry.music_server = Some(Arc::new(new_server));
+                self.udn_index
+                    .insert(info.udn().to_ascii_lowercase(), device_id.clone());
+
+                // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                self.server_bus.broadcast(MediaServerEvent::Online {
+                    server_id: device_id.clone(),
+                    info: info.basic_info(),
+                });
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Entry n'existe pas -> on crée
+            if let Ok(new_server) = MusicServer::from_server_info(info) {
+                let new_entry = DeviceItem {
+                    music_renderer: None,
+                    music_server: Some(Arc::new(new_server)),
+                };
+
+                self.devices.insert(device_id.clone(), new_entry);
+                self.udn_index
+                    .insert(info.udn().to_ascii_lowercase(), device_id.clone());
+
+                // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                self.server_bus.broadcast(MediaServerEvent::Online {
+                    server_id: device_id,
+                    info: info.basic_info(),
+                });
+            }
+        }
    }

-    /// Construct an AvTransportClient for a given UDN, if possible.
-    pub fn avtransport_client_for_udn(&self, udn: &str) -> Option<AvTransportClient> {
-        let info = self.get_renderer_by_udn(udn)?;
+    pub fn device_says_byebye(&mut self, udn: &str) {
+        let lookup = udn.to_ascii_lowercase();

-        let service_type = info.avtransport_service_type?;
-        let control_url = info.avtransport_control_url?;
+        if let Some(id) = self.udn_index.get(&lookup) {
+            if let Some(device) = self.devices.get(id) {
+                device.mark_as_offline();

-        Some(AvTransportClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+                // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                if device.is_a_music_renderer() {
+                    self.renderer_bus
+                        .broadcast(RendererEvent::Offline { id: id.clone() });
+                }
+                if device.is_a_music_server() {
+                    self.server_bus.broadcast(MediaServerEvent::Offline {
+                        server_id: id.clone(),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
    }

-    /// Construct a RenderingControlClient for a given renderer id, if possible.
-    pub fn rendering_control_client_for_renderer(
-        &self,
-        id: &RendererId,
-    ) -> Option<RenderingControlClient> {
-        let info = self.renderers.get(id)?;
+    pub fn check_timeouts(&mut self) {
+        let now = SystemTime::now();

-        let service_type = info.rendering_control_service_type.as_ref()?;
-        let control_url = info.rendering_control_control_url.as_ref()?;
+        for (id, device) in &self.devices {
+            if let Ok(elapsed) = now.duration_since(device.last_seen()) {
+                if elapsed.as_secs() > device.max_age() as u64 {
+                    device.mark_as_offline();

-        Some(RenderingControlClient::new(
-            control_url.clone(),
-            service_type.clone(),
-        ))
-    }
-
-    /// Construct a ConnectionManagerClient for a given renderer id, if possible.
-    pub fn connection_manager_client_for_renderer(
-        &self,
-        id: &RendererId,
-    ) -> Option<ConnectionManagerClient> {
-        let info = self.renderers.get(id)?;
-
-        let service_type = info.connection_manager_service_type.as_ref()?;
-        let control_url = info.connection_manager_control_url.as_ref()?;
-
-        Some(ConnectionManagerClient::new(
-            control_url.clone(),
-            service_type.clone(),
-        ))
-    }
-
-    pub fn mark_renderer_supports_set_next(&mut self, id: &RendererId) {
-        if let Some(info) = self.renderers.get_mut(id) {
-            if !info.capabilities.has_avtransport_set_next {
-                info.capabilities.has_avtransport_set_next = true;
-                debug!(
-                    renderer = id.0.as_str(),
-                    "Renderer now marked as supporting AVTransport.SetNextAVTransportURI"
-                );
+                    // Broadcast sur le bon bus
+                    if device.is_a_music_renderer() {
+                        self.renderer_bus
+                            .broadcast(RendererEvent::Offline { id: id.clone() });
+                    }
+                    if device.is_a_music_server() {
+                        self.server_bus.broadcast(MediaServerEvent::Offline {
+                            server_id: id.clone(),
+                        });
+                    }
+                }
            }
        }
    }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/rendering_control_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/rendering_control_client.rs
@@ -1,231 +0,0 @@
-use crate::soap_client::{SoapCallResult, invoke_upnp_action};
-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-use pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope;
-use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct RenderingControlClient {
-    pub control_url: String,
-    pub service_type: String,
-}
-
-impl RenderingControlClient {
-    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            control_url,
-            service_type,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// RenderingControl:1 — GetVolume
-    pub fn get_volume(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str) -> Result<u16> {
-        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
-        let args = [
-            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
-            ("Channel", channel),
-        ];
-
-        let call_result =
-            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "GetVolume", &args)?;
-
-        ensure_success("GetVolume", &call_result)?;
-
-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetVolume response"))?;
-
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "GetVolume returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetVolumeResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing GetVolumeResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-
-        let text = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentVolume")?;
-        let volume = text
-            .parse::<u16>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid CurrentVolume value: {}", text))?;
-
-        Ok(volume)
-    }
-
-    /// RenderingControl:1 — SetVolume
-    pub fn set_volume(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str, volume: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
-        let volume_str = volume.to_string();
-        let args = [
-            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
-            ("Channel", channel),
-            ("DesiredVolume", volume_str.as_str()),
-        ];
-
-        let call_result =
-            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SetVolume", &args)?;
-
-        handle_action_response("SetVolume", &call_result)
-    }
-
-    /// RenderingControl:1 — GetMute
-    pub fn get_mute(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str) -> Result<bool> {
-        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
-        let args = [
-            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
-            ("Channel", channel),
-        ];
-
-        let call_result =
-            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "GetMute", &args)?;
-
-        ensure_success("GetMute", &call_result)?;
-
-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetMute response"))?;
-
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "GetMute returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetMuteResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing GetMuteResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-
-        let text = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentMute")?;
-        let mute = match text.as_str() {
-            "0" => false,
-            "1" => true,
-            _ => {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "Invalid CurrentMute value: {} (expected 0 or 1)",
-                    text
-                ));
-            }
-        };
-
-        Ok(mute)
-    }
-
-    /// RenderingControl:1 — SetMute
-    pub fn set_mute(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str, mute: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
-        let mute_str = if mute { "1" } else { "0" };
-        let args = [
-            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
-            ("Channel", channel),
-            ("DesiredMute", mute_str),
-        ];
-
-        let call_result =
-            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SetMute", &args)?;
-
-        handle_action_response("SetMute", &call_result)
-    }
-}
-
-fn ensure_success(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<()> {
-    if call_result.status.is_success() {
-        return Ok(());
-    }
-
-    if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{action} failed with UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-
-    Err(anyhow!(
-        "{action} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
-        call_result.status,
-        call_result.raw_body
-    ))
-}
-
-fn handle_action_response(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<()> {
-    ensure_success(action, call_result)?;
-
-    if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{action} returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                err.error_code,
-                err.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-struct UpnpError {
-    pub error_code: u32,
-    pub error_description: String,
-}
-
-fn parse_upnp_error(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Option<UpnpError> {
-    let fault = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "Fault")?;
-    let detail = find_child_with_suffix(fault, "detail")?;
-    let upnp_error = find_child_with_suffix(detail, "UPnPError")?;
-
-    let error_code_elem = upnp_error.children.iter().find_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with("errorCode") => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    })?;
-
-    let binding = error_code_elem.get_text()?;
-    let error_code_text = binding.trim();
-    let error_code = error_code_text.parse::<u32>().ok()?;
-
-    let error_description = upnp_error
-        .children
-        .iter()
-        .find_map(|node| match node {
-            XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with("errorDescription") => {
-                elem.get_text().map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-            }
-            _ => None,
-        })
-        .unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(""));
-
-    Some(UpnpError {
-        error_code,
-        error_description,
-    })
-}
-
-fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(parent: &'a Element, suffix: &str) -> Option<&'a Element> {
-    parent.children.iter().find_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with(suffix) => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    })
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {suffix} element in response"))?;
-
-    let text = child
-        .get_text()
-        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-        .filter(|t| !t.is_empty())
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{suffix} element missing text in response"))?;
-
-    Ok(text)
-}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/soap_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/soap_client.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 use std::time::Duration;

 use anyhow::{Context, Result};
-use pmoupnp::soap::{build_soap_request, parse_soap_envelope, SoapEnvelope};
+use pmoupnp::soap::{SoapEnvelope, build_soap_request, parse_soap_envelope};
 use tracing::{debug, trace, warn};
 use ureq::Agent;

+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
+
 /// Result of a SOAP call:
 /// - HTTP status code
 /// - raw XML body (always)
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ pub fn invoke_upnp_action(
    service_type: &str,
    action: &str,
    args: &[(&str, &str)],
-) -> Result<SoapCallResult> {
+) -> Result<SoapCallResult, ControlPointError> {
    invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(control_url, service_type, action, args, None)
 }

@@ -44,9 +46,10 @@ pub fn invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(
    action: &str,
    args: &[(&str, &str)],
    timeout: Option<Duration>,
-) -> Result<SoapCallResult> {
-    let body_xml =
-        build_soap_body(action, service_type, args).context("Failed to build SOAP request body")?;
+) -> Result<SoapCallResult, ControlPointError> {
+    let body_xml = build_soap_body(action, service_type, args)
+        .context("Failed to build SOAP request body")
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{}", e)))?;

    let arg_log = summarize_args_for_log(args);
    debug!(
@@ -77,7 +80,8 @@ pub fn invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(
        .header("Content-Type", r#"text/xml; charset="utf-8""#)
        .header("SOAPAction", &soap_action_header)
        .send(body_xml)
-        .with_context(|| format!("HTTP error when sending SOAP request to {}", control_url))?;
+        .with_context(|| format!("HTTP error when sending SOAP request to {}", control_url))
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{}", e)))?;

    let status = response.status();
    debug!(status = status.as_u16(), "SOAP response received");
@@ -89,7 +93,8 @@ pub fn invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout(
    let raw_body = response
        .body_mut()
        .read_to_string()
-        .context("Failed to read SOAP response body")?;
+        .context("Failed to read SOAP response body")
+        .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{}", e)))?;

    // 6. Try to parse SOAP envelope; non-fatal on failure
    let parsed_envelope = parse_soap_envelope(raw_body.as_bytes()).ok();
@@ -203,7 +208,7 @@ pub fn parse_upnp_error(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Option<UpnpError> {
    })
 }

-fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(
+pub fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(
    parent: &'a xmltree::Element,
    suffix: &str,
 ) -> Option<&'a xmltree::Element> {
@@ -213,6 +218,235 @@ fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(
    })
 }

+pub fn find_child_with_local_name<'a>(
+    parent: &'a xmltree::Element,
+    local: &str,
+) -> Option<&'a xmltree::Element> {
+    parent.children.iter().find_map(|node| {
+        if let xmltree::XMLNode::Element(elem) = node {
+            if elem.name == local || elem.name.ends_with(&format!(":{}", local)) {
+                return Some(elem);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    })
+}
+
+/// Ensures the SOAP call succeeded, returns error if HTTP status or UPnP error occurred
+pub fn ensure_success(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+    if call_result.status.is_success() {
+        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
+            if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
+                return Err(ControlPointError::SoapUpnpParseError(
+                    action.to_string(),
+                    err.error_code,
+                    err.error_description,
+                    call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::SoapUpnpParseError(
+                action.to_string(),
+                err.error_code,
+                err.error_description,
+                call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+    Err(ControlPointError::SoapActionWrongBody(
+        action.to_string(),
+        call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+        call_result.raw_body.clone(),
+    ))
+}
+
+/// Ensures success and returns the SOAP envelope (for openhome_client compatibility)
+pub fn ensure_success_with_envelope<'a>(
+    action: &str,
+    call_result: &'a SoapCallResult,
+) -> Result<&'a SoapEnvelope, ControlPointError> {
+    if !call_result.status.is_success() {
+        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
+            if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
+                return Err(ControlPointError::SoapUpnpParseError(
+                action.to_string(),
+                err.error_code,
+                err.error_description,
+                call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+            ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Err(ControlPointError::SoapActionWrongBody(
+        action.to_string(),
+        call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+        call_result.raw_body.clone(),
+    ));
+    }
+
+    let envelope = call_result
+        .envelope
+        .as_ref()
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::SoapNoEnvelop(action.to_string()))?;
+
+    if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+         return Err(ControlPointError::SoapUpnpParseError(
+                action.to_string(),
+                err.error_code,
+                err.error_description,
+                call_result.status.as_u16() as u32,
+            ));
+    }
+
+    Ok(envelope)
+}
+
+/// Handles action response, ensuring success
+pub fn handle_action_response(
+    action: &str,
+    call_result: &SoapCallResult,
+) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+    ensure_success(action, call_result)
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text(parent: &xmltree::Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue(suffix.to_string()))?;
+
+    let text = child
+        .get_text()
+        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
+        .filter(|t| !t.is_empty())
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue(suffix.to_string()))?;
+
+    Ok(text)
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text_allow_empty(parent: &xmltree::Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue(suffix.to_string()))?;
+
+    let text = child
+        .get_text()
+        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+
+    Ok(text)
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text_optional(
+    parent: &xmltree::Element,
+    suffix: &str,
+) -> Result<Option<String>> {
+    if let Some(child) = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix) {
+        let text = child
+            .get_text()
+            .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        Ok(Some(text))
+    } else {
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text_any(
+    parent: &xmltree::Element,
+    suffixes: &[&str],
+) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    for suffix in suffixes {
+        if let Ok(text) = extract_child_text(parent, suffix) {
+            return Ok(text);
+        }
+    }
+    Err(ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue(
+        suffixes.join(" or "),
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text_local(parent: &xmltree::Element, local: &str) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
+    let child = find_child_with_local_name(parent, local)
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("Missing {local} element in response")))?;
+    let text = child
+        .get_text()
+        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
+        .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{local} element missing text in response")))?;
+    Ok(text)
+}
+
+pub fn extract_child_text_optional_local(
+    parent: &xmltree::Element,
+    local: &str,
+) -> Result<Option<String>, ControlPointError> {
+    if let Some(child) = find_child_with_local_name(parent, local) {
+        let text = child
+            .get_text()
+            .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        Ok(Some(text))
+    } else {
+        Ok(None)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn parse_visible_flag(value: &str) -> bool {
+    let trimmed = value.trim();
+    if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("true") {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("false") {
+        return false;
+    }
+    trimmed == "1"
+}
+
+pub fn parse_bool(value: &str) -> bool {
+    value.trim() == "1"
+}
+
+
+pub fn decode_base64(input: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, ControlPointError> {
+    fn value(byte: u8) -> Option<u8> {
+        match byte {
+            b'A'..=b'Z' => Some(byte - b'A'),
+            b'a'..=b'z' => Some(byte - b'a' + 26),
+            b'0'..=b'9' => Some(byte - b'0' + 52),
+            b'+' => Some(62),
+            b'/' => Some(63),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut output = Vec::new();
+    let mut buffer: u32 = 0;
+    let mut bits_collected: u8 = 0;
+
+    for byte in input.bytes() {
+        if byte == b'=' {
+            break;
+        }
+        if byte == b'\r' || byte == b'\n' || byte == b' ' || byte == b'\t' {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let val =
+            value(byte).ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::ParsingError(format!("Invalid base64 character '{}'", byte as char)))?;
+        buffer = (buffer << 6) | (val as u32);
+        bits_collected += 6;
+        if bits_collected >= 8 {
+            bits_collected -= 8;
+            let out = (buffer >> bits_collected) & 0xFF;
+            output.push(out as u8);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(output)
+}
+
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::build_soap_body;
--- a/pmocontrol/src/sse.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/sse.rs
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ use serde::Serialize;
 #[cfg(feature = "pmoserver")]
 use std::sync::Arc;

+use crate::{DeviceIdentity, DeviceOnline};
+use tracing::error;
+
 // ============================================================================
 // PAYLOADS SSE
 // ============================================================================
@@ -168,6 +171,38 @@ pub async fn renderer_events_sse(
    });

    let stream = stream! {
+        // INITIAL SNAPSHOT: Send Online events for all currently discovered renderers
+        // This ensures clients see devices that were discovered before they connected
+        let initial_renderers = {
+            let registry = control_point.registry();
+            let reg = registry.read().unwrap();
+            match reg.list_renderers() {
+                Ok(renderers) => renderers,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to list renderers: {}", e);
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        for renderer in initial_renderers {
+            if renderer.is_online() {
+                let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();
+                let payload = RendererEventPayload::Online {
+                    renderer_id: renderer.id().0,
+                    friendly_name: renderer.friendly_name().to_string(),
+                    model_name: renderer.model_name().to_string(),
+                    manufacturer: renderer.manufacturer().to_string(),
+                    timestamp,
+                };
+
+                if let Ok(json) = serde_json::to_string(&payload) {
+                    yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().event("renderer").data(json));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Then stream future events
        while let Some(event) = rx_tokio.recv().await {
            let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();

@@ -230,9 +265,9 @@ pub async fn renderer_events_sse(
                RendererEvent::Online { id, info } => {
                    RendererEventPayload::Online {
                        renderer_id: id.0,
-                        friendly_name: info.friendly_name,
-                        model_name: info.model_name,
-                        manufacturer: info.manufacturer,
+                        friendly_name: info.friendly_name.clone(),
+                        model_name: info.model_name.clone(),
+                        manufacturer: info.manufacturer.clone(),
                        timestamp,
                    }
                }
@@ -285,6 +320,38 @@ pub async fn media_server_events_sse(
    });

    let stream = stream! {
+        // INITIAL SNAPSHOT: Send Online events for all currently discovered media servers
+        // This ensures clients see servers that were discovered before they connected
+        let initial_servers = {
+            let registry = control_point.registry();
+            let reg = registry.read().unwrap();
+            match reg.list_servers() {
+                Ok(servers) => servers,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to list servers: {}", e);
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        for server in initial_servers {
+            if server.is_online() {
+                let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();
+                let payload = MediaServerEventPayload::Online {
+                    server_id: server.id().0,
+                    friendly_name: server.friendly_name().to_string(),
+                    model_name: server.model_name().to_string(),
+                    manufacturer: server.manufacturer().to_string(),
+                    timestamp,
+                };
+
+                if let Ok(json) = serde_json::to_string(&payload) {
+                    yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().event("media_server").data(json));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Then stream future events
        while let Some(event) = rx_tokio.recv().await {
            let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();

@@ -306,9 +373,9 @@ pub async fn media_server_events_sse(
                MediaServerEvent::Online { server_id, info } => {
                    MediaServerEventPayload::Online {
                        server_id: server_id.0,
-                        friendly_name: info.friendly_name,
-                        model_name: info.model_name,
-                        manufacturer: info.manufacturer,
+                        friendly_name: info.friendly_name.clone(),
+                        model_name: info.model_name.clone(),
+                        manufacturer: info.manufacturer.clone(),
                        timestamp,
                    }
                }
@@ -370,6 +437,67 @@ pub async fn all_events_sse(State(control_point): State<Arc<ControlPoint>>) -> i
    });

    let stream = stream! {
+        // INITIAL SNAPSHOT: Send Online events for all currently discovered devices
+        // This ensures clients see devices that were discovered before they connected
+        let (initial_renderers, initial_servers) = {
+            let registry = control_point.registry();
+            let reg = registry.read().unwrap();
+            let renderers = match reg.list_renderers() {
+                Ok(r) => r,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to list renderers: {}", e);
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            };
+            let servers = match reg.list_servers() {
+                Ok(s) => s,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    error!("Failed to list servers: {}", e);
+                    Vec::new()
+                }
+            };
+            (renderers, servers)
+        };
+
+        // Send renderer Online events
+        for renderer in initial_renderers {
+            if renderer.is_online() {
+                let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();
+                let renderer_payload = RendererEventPayload::Online {
+                    renderer_id: renderer.id().0,
+                    friendly_name: renderer.friendly_name().to_string(),
+                    model_name: renderer.model_name().to_string(),
+                    manufacturer: renderer.manufacturer().to_string(),
+                    timestamp,
+                };
+                let payload = UnifiedEventPayload::Renderer(renderer_payload);
+
+                if let Ok(json) = serde_json::to_string(&payload) {
+                    yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().event("control").data(json));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Send server Online events
+        for server in initial_servers {
+            if server.is_online() {
+                let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now();
+                let server_payload = MediaServerEventPayload::Online {
+                    server_id: server.id().0,
+                    friendly_name: server.friendly_name().to_string(),
+                    model_name: server.model_name().to_string(),
+                    manufacturer: server.manufacturer().to_string(),
+                    timestamp,
+                };
+                let payload = UnifiedEventPayload::MediaServer(server_payload);
+
+                if let Ok(json) = serde_json::to_string(&payload) {
+                    yield Ok::<_, axum::Error>(Event::default().event("control").data(json));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Then stream future events
        loop {
            tokio::select! {
                Some(event) = renderer_rx_tokio.recv() => {
@@ -434,9 +562,9 @@ pub async fn all_events_sse(State(control_point): State<Arc<ControlPoint>>) -> i
                        RendererEvent::Online { id, info } => {
                            RendererEventPayload::Online {
                                renderer_id: id.0,
-                                friendly_name: info.friendly_name,
-                                model_name: info.model_name,
-                                manufacturer: info.manufacturer,
+                                friendly_name: info.friendly_name.clone(),
+                                model_name: info.model_name.clone(),
+                                manufacturer: info.manufacturer.clone(),
                                timestamp,
                            }
                        }
@@ -475,9 +603,9 @@ pub async fn all_events_sse(State(control_point): State<Arc<ControlPoint>>) -> i
                        MediaServerEvent::Online { server_id, info } => {
                            MediaServerEventPayload::Online {
                                server_id: server_id.0,
-                                friendly_name: info.friendly_name,
-                                model_name: info.model_name,
-                                manufacturer: info.manufacturer,
+                                friendly_name: info.friendly_name.clone(),
+                                model_name: info.model_name.clone(),
+                                manufacturer: info.manufacturer.clone(),
                                timestamp,
                            }
                        }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/avtransport_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/avtransport_client.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,13 @@

 use std::time::Duration;

-use crate::soap_client::{SoapCallResult, invoke_upnp_action, invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout};
-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
+use crate::{
+    errors::ControlPointError,
+    soap_client::{
+        extract_child_text, handle_action_response, invoke_upnp_action,
+        invoke_upnp_action_with_timeout,
+    },
+};
 use pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope;
 use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

@@ -31,7 +36,7 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }

    /// AVTransport:1 — GetTransportInfo
-    pub fn get_transport_info(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<TransportInfo> {
+    pub fn get_transport_info(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<TransportInfo, ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str())];

@@ -43,16 +48,17 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
        )?;

        if !call_result.status.is_success() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
                "GetTransportInfo failed with HTTP status {}",
                call_result.status
-            ));
+            )));
        }

-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetTransportInfo response"))?;
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing SOAP envelope in GetTransportInfo response"
+            ))
+        })?;

        parse_transport_info(envelope)
    }
@@ -64,7 +70,7 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    ///
    /// - `uri`  : CurrentURI
    /// - `meta` : CurrentURIMetaData (DIDL-Lite ou chaîne vide)
-    pub fn set_av_transport_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_av_transport_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let args = [
            ("InstanceID", "0"),
            ("CurrentURI", uri),
@@ -82,7 +88,7 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }

    /// AVTransport:1 — Play
-    pub fn play(&self, instance_id: u32, speed: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn play(&self, instance_id: u32, speed: &str) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()), ("Speed", speed)];

@@ -92,7 +98,7 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }

    /// AVTransport:1 — Pause
-    pub fn pause(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn pause(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str())];

@@ -103,7 +109,7 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }

    /// AVTransport:1 — Stop
-    pub fn stop(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn stop(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str())];

@@ -113,7 +119,12 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }

    /// AVTransport:1 — Seek
-    pub fn seek(&self, instance_id: u32, unit: &str, target: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn seek(
+        &self,
+        instance_id: u32,
+        unit: &str,
+        target: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [
            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
@@ -131,7 +142,11 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    /// This should configure the *next* track to be played after the current one.
    /// Many renderers do NOT implement this action; in that case the method
    /// returns an error derived from the UPnP error code.
-    pub fn set_next_av_transport_uri(&self, next_uri: &str, next_meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_next_av_transport_uri(
+        &self,
+        next_uri: &str,
+        next_meta: &str,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let args = [
            ("InstanceID", "0"),
            ("NextURI", next_uri),
@@ -150,10 +165,9 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
            if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
                if let Some(upnp_error) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
                    if is_set_next_not_supported_error(&upnp_error) {
-                        return Err(anyhow!(
-                            "Renderer does not support AVTransport.SetNextAVTransportURI (UPnP error {}: {})",
-                            upnp_error.error_code,
-                            upnp_error.error_description
+                        return Err(ControlPointError::upnp_operation_not_supported(
+                            "SetNextAVTransportURI",
+                            "AVTransport",
                        ));
                    }
                }
@@ -166,43 +180,13 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
    }
 }

-fn handle_action_response(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<()> {
-    if !call_result.status.is_success() {
-        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-            if let Some(upnp_error) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "{action} failed with UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                    upnp_error.error_code,
-                    upnp_error.error_description,
-                    call_result.status
-                ));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-            "{action} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
-            call_result.status,
-            call_result.raw_body
-        ));
-    }
-
-    if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-        if let Some(upnp_error) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
-                "{action} returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                upnp_error.error_code,
-                upnp_error.error_description,
-                call_result.status
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn parse_transport_info(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Result<TransportInfo> {
+fn parse_transport_info(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Result<TransportInfo, ControlPointError> {
    let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetTransportInfoResponse")
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing GetTransportInfoResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing GetTransportInfoResponse element in SOAP body"
+            ))
+        })?;

    let current_transport_state = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentTransportState")?;
    let current_transport_status = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentTransportStatus")?;
@@ -289,19 +273,6 @@ fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(parent: &'a Element, suffix: &str) -> Option<&'a E
    })
 }

-fn extract_child_text(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {suffix} element in GetTransportInfoResponse"))?;
-
-    let text = child
-        .get_text()
-        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-        .filter(|t| !t.is_empty())
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{suffix} element missing text in GetTransportInfoResponse"))?;
-
-    Ok(text)
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
@@ -397,7 +368,7 @@ pub struct PositionInfo {

 impl AvTransportClient {
    /// AVTransport:1 — GetPositionInfo
-    pub fn get_position_info(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<PositionInfo> {
+    pub fn get_position_info(&self, instance_id: u32) -> Result<PositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
        let args = [("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str())];

@@ -409,24 +380,27 @@ impl AvTransportClient {
        )?;

        if !call_result.status.is_success() {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
                "GetPositionInfo failed with HTTP status {}",
                call_result.status
-            ));
+            )));
        }

-        let envelope = call_result
-            .envelope
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetPositionInfo response"))?;
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing SOAP envelope in GetPositionInfo response"
+            ))
+        })?;

        parse_position_info(envelope)
    }
 }

-fn parse_position_info(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Result<PositionInfo> {
+fn parse_position_info(envelope: &SoapEnvelope) -> Result<PositionInfo, ControlPointError> {
    let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetPositionInfoResponse")
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing GetPositionInfoResponse element"))?;
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Missing GetPositionInfoResponse element"))
+        })?;

    // Helpers allow missing text (AVTransport allows empty durations)
    fn opt(parent: &Element, name: &str) -> Option<String> {
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/connection_manager_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/connection_manager_client.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+use crate::{
+    errors::ControlPointError,
+    soap_client::{
+        ensure_success, extract_child_text, extract_child_text_allow_empty, find_child_with_suffix,
+        invoke_upnp_action, parse_upnp_error,
+    },
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ConnectionManagerClient {
+    pub control_url: String,
+    pub service_type: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ProtocolInfo {
+    /// Liste brute des protocolInfo "source" (séparés par virgule dans UPnP)
+    pub source: Vec<String>,
+    /// Liste brute des protocolInfo "sink"
+    pub sink: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct ConnectionInfo {
+    pub rcs_id: i32,
+    pub av_transport_id: i32,
+    pub protocol_info: String,
+    pub peer_connection_manager: String,
+    pub peer_connection_id: i32,
+    pub direction: String,
+    pub status: String,
+}
+
+impl ConnectionManagerClient {
+    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            control_url,
+            service_type,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// GetProtocolInfo
+    pub fn get_protocol_info(&self) -> Result<ProtocolInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
+            &self.control_url,
+            &self.service_type,
+            "GetProtocolInfo",
+            &[],
+        )?;
+
+        ensure_success("GetProtocolInfo", &call_result)?;
+
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing SOAP envelope in GetProtocolInfo response"
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "GetProtocolInfo returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
+                err.error_code, err.error_description, call_result.status
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetProtocolInfoResponse")
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                    "Missing GetProtocolInfoResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;
+
+        let source_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "Source")?;
+        let sink_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "Sink")?;
+
+        Ok(ProtocolInfo {
+            source: split_list(&source_text),
+            sink: split_list(&sink_text),
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// GetCurrentConnectionIDs
+    pub fn get_current_connection_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<i32>, ControlPointError> {
+        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
+            &self.control_url,
+            &self.service_type,
+            "GetCurrentConnectionIDs",
+            &[],
+        )?;
+
+        ensure_success("GetCurrentConnectionIDs", &call_result)?;
+
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing SOAP envelope in GetCurrentConnectionIDs response"
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "GetCurrentConnectionIDs returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
+                err.error_code, err.error_description, call_result.status
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let response =
+            find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetCurrentConnectionIDsResponse")
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                        "Missing GetCurrentConnectionIDsResponse element in SOAP body"
+                    ))
+                })?;
+
+        let ids_text = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "ConnectionIDs")?;
+        let trimmed = ids_text.trim();
+
+        if trimmed.is_empty() || trimmed == "0" {
+            return Ok(Vec::new());
+        }
+
+        let mut ids = Vec::new();
+        for part in trimmed.split(',') {
+            let value = part.trim();
+            if value.is_empty() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let parsed = value.parse::<i32>().map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Invalid ConnectionID value: {}", value))
+            })?;
+            ids.push(parsed);
+        }
+
+        Ok(ids)
+    }
+
+    /// GetCurrentConnectionInfo
+    pub fn get_current_connection_info(
+        &self,
+        connection_id: i32,
+    ) -> Result<ConnectionInfo, ControlPointError> {
+        let connection_id_str = connection_id.to_string();
+        let args = [("ConnectionID", connection_id_str.as_str())];
+
+        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
+            &self.control_url,
+            &self.service_type,
+            "GetCurrentConnectionInfo",
+            &args,
+        )?;
+
+        ensure_success("GetCurrentConnectionInfo", &call_result)?;
+
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "Missing SOAP envelope in GetCurrentConnectionInfo response"
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "GetCurrentConnectionInfo returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
+                err.error_code, err.error_description, call_result.status
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let response =
+            find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetCurrentConnectionInfoResponse")
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                        "Missing GetCurrentConnectionInfoResponse element in SOAP body"
+                    ))
+                })?;
+
+        let rcs_id = extract_child_text(response, "RcsID")?
+            .parse::<i32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Invalid RcsID value in response"))
+            })?;
+
+        let av_transport_id = extract_child_text(response, "AVTransportID")?
+            .parse::<i32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Invalid AVTransportID value in response"))
+            })?;
+
+        let protocol_info = extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "ProtocolInfo")?;
+        let peer_connection_manager =
+            extract_child_text_allow_empty(response, "PeerConnectionManager")?;
+
+        let peer_connection_id = extract_child_text(response, "PeerConnectionID")?
+            .parse::<i32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Invalid PeerConnectionID value in response"))
+            })?;
+
+        let direction = extract_child_text(response, "Direction")?;
+        let status = extract_child_text(response, "Status")?;
+
+        Ok(ConnectionInfo {
+            rcs_id,
+            av_transport_id,
+            protocol_info,
+            peer_connection_manager,
+            peer_connection_id,
+            direction,
+            status,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+fn split_list(value: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    value
+        .split(',')
+        .filter_map(|part| {
+            let trimmed = part.trim();
+            if trimmed.is_empty() {
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(trimmed.to_string())
+            }
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/mod.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+mod openhome_client;
+mod avtransport_client;
+mod rendering_control_client;
+mod connection_manager_client;
+
+
+pub use crate::upnp_clients::avtransport_client::{AvTransportClient, PositionInfo};
+pub  use crate::upnp_clients::rendering_control_client::RenderingControlClient;
+pub use crate::upnp_clients::connection_manager_client::{ConnectionInfo, ConnectionManagerClient, ProtocolInfo};
+pub use crate::upnp_clients::openhome_client::{
+    OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID,
+    OhTrackEntry,OhTrack,
+    OhInfoClient, OhPlaylistClient, OhProductClient, OhRadioClient, OhTimeClient, OhVolumeClient,
+};
+
+/// Resolve a possibly relative controlURL against the description URL.
+///
+/// - If `control_url` is already absolute (starts with http:// or https://), it is returned as-is.
+/// - Otherwise, it is resolved against the scheme://host:port of `description_url`.
+pub fn resolve_control_url(description_url: &str, control_url: &str) -> String {
+    if control_url.starts_with("http://") || control_url.starts_with("https://") {
+        return control_url.to_string();
+    }
+
+    // Extract "scheme://host[:port]" from description_url
+    if let Some((scheme, rest)) = description_url.split_once("://") {
+        if let Some(pos) = rest.find('/') {
+            let authority = &rest[..pos];
+            let base = format!("{}://{}", scheme, authority);
+
+            if control_url.starts_with('/') {
+                return format!("{}{}", base, control_url);
+            } else {
+                return format!("{}/{}", base, control_url);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Fallback: just return the raw control_url if we cannot parse
+    control_url.to_string()
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/openhome_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/openhome_client.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,42 @@
+use crate::errors::ControlPointError;
 use crate::model::TrackMetadata;
-use crate::soap_client::{invoke_upnp_action, parse_upnp_error, SoapCallResult};
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Result};
-use pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope;
-use tracing::{debug, info, warn};
+use crate::soap_client::{
+    decode_base64, ensure_success_with_envelope as ensure_success, extract_child_text,
+    extract_child_text_any, extract_child_text_local, extract_child_text_optional,
+    extract_child_text_optional_local, find_child_with_suffix, handle_action_response,
+    invoke_upnp_action, parse_bool, parse_visible_flag,
+};
+use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
+use pmodidl::DIDLLite;
+use tracing::{debug, info, trace, warn};
 use xmltree::{Element, XMLNode};

+use crate::model::RendererInfo;
+
 /// Value used by OpenHome renderers to indicate "insert at the head".
 /// Several implementations, including upmpdcli, expect zero rather than the
 /// historical 0xFFFFFFFF sentinel.
 pub const OPENHOME_PLAYLIST_HEAD_ID: u32 = 0;

-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct OhTrackEntry {
-    pub id: u32,
-    pub uri: String,
-    pub metadata_xml: String,
+pub trait OhTrack {
+    fn uri(&self) -> &str;
+    fn metadata_xml(&self) -> Option<&str>;
+
+    fn metadata(&self) -> Option<TrackMetadata> {
+        self.metadata_xml()
+            .as_deref()
+            .and_then(parse_track_metadata_from_didl)
+    }
+
+    fn didl_id(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        let trimmed = self.metadata_xml()?.trim();
+        if trimmed.is_empty() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let parsed = pmodidl::parse_metadata::<DIDLLite>(trimmed).ok()?;
+        parsed.data.items.first().map(|item| item.id.clone())
+    }
 }

 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
@@ -24,10 +46,20 @@ pub struct OhInfoTrack {
 }

 impl OhInfoTrack {
-    pub fn metadata(&self) -> Option<TrackMetadata> {
-        self.metadata_xml
-            .as_deref()
-            .and_then(parse_track_metadata_from_didl)
+    pub fn new(uri: &str, metadata_xml: Option<&str>) -> Self {
+        OhInfoTrack {
+            uri: uri.to_string(),
+            metadata_xml: metadata_xml.map(|s| s.to_string()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl OhTrack for OhInfoTrack {
+    fn metadata_xml(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        self.metadata_xml.as_deref()
+    }
+    fn uri(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.uri
    }
 }

@@ -51,12 +83,52 @@ pub struct OhProductSource {
    pub visible: bool,
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct OhInfoClient {
+    pub control_url: String,
+    pub service_type: String,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct OhPlaylistClient {
    pub control_url: String,
    pub service_type: String,
 }

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct OhTrackEntry {
+    pub id: u32,
+    uri: String,
+    metadata_xml: String,
+}
+
+impl OhTrackEntry {
+    pub fn new(id: u32, uri: &str, metadata_xml: &str) -> Self {
+        OhTrackEntry {
+            id,
+            uri: uri.to_string(),
+            metadata_xml: metadata_xml.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn id(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.id
+    }
+}
+
+impl OhTrack for OhTrackEntry {
+    fn metadata_xml(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        if self.metadata_xml.is_empty() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(&self.metadata_xml)
+        }
+    }
+    fn uri(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.uri
+    }
+}
+
 impl OhPlaylistClient {
    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
        Self {
@@ -65,7 +137,48 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        }
    }

-    pub fn read_list(&self, id_list: &[u32]) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_playlist_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create playlist control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_playlist_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create playlist service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhPlaylistClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
+    /// Report the uri and metadata for a given track id.
+    /// Returns a 800 fault code if the given id is not in the playlist.
+    pub fn read(&self, id: u32) -> Result<OhTrackEntry, ControlPointError> {
+        let id_str = id.to_string();
+        let args = [("IdList", id_str.as_str())];
+
+        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Read", &args)?;
+
+        if call_result.status == 800 {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                "Id {} not found in OpenHome playlist",
+                id
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let envelope: &pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope = ensure_success("Read", &call_result)?;
+
+        let response =
+            find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "ReadResponse").ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                    "Missing ReadResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;
+
+        let track_uri = extract_child_text(response, "Uri")?;
+        let metadata = extract_child_text(response, "Metadata")?;
+
+        Ok(OhTrackEntry::new(id, &track_uri, &metadata))
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_list(&self, id_list: &[u32]) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        if id_list.is_empty() {
            return Ok(Vec::new());
        }
@@ -80,12 +193,15 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "ReadList", &args)?;

-        let envelope = ensure_success("ReadList", &call_result)?;
+        let envelope: &pmoupnp::soap::SoapEnvelope = ensure_success("ReadList", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "ReadListResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing ReadListResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                    "Missing ReadListResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;

-        let track_list_b64 =
-            extract_child_text_any(response, &["TrackList", "Value"])?;
+        let track_list_b64 = extract_child_text_any(response, &["TrackList", "Value"])?;
        let track_list_sample: String = track_list_b64.chars().take(256).collect();
        debug!(
            control_url = self.control_url.as_str(),
@@ -96,7 +212,12 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        parse_track_list(&track_list_b64)
    }

-    pub fn insert(&self, after_id: u32, uri: &str, metadata: &str) -> Result<u32> {
+    pub fn insert(
+        &self,
+        after_id: u32,
+        uri: &str,
+        metadata: &str,
+    ) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
        let after_id_str = after_id.to_string();
        let args = [
            ("AfterId", after_id_str.as_str()),
@@ -107,19 +228,25 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Insert", &args)?;

-        let envelope = ensure_success("Insert", &call_result)?;
+        let envelope = ensure_success("Insert", &call_result)
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{}", e)))?;
+
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "InsertResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing InsertResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-        let new_id_text =
-            extract_child_text_any(response, &["NewId", "Value"])?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("InsertResponse".to_string())
+            })?;
+
+        let new_id_text = extract_child_text_any(response, &["NewId", "Value"])?;
        let new_id = new_id_text
            .parse::<u32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid NewId value: {}", new_id_text))?;
+            .map_err(|_| ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("NewId".to_string(), new_id_text))?;

        Ok(new_id)
    }

-    pub fn play_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    /// The id of the current track (the track currently playing or that would be played
+    /// if the Play action was invoked). Or 0 if the playlist is empty.
+    pub fn seek_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let id_str = id.to_string();
        let args = [("Value", id_str.as_str())];

@@ -129,58 +256,65 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        handle_action_response("SeekId", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn transport_state(&self) -> Result<String> {
+    pub fn transport_state(&self) -> Result<String, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "TransportState", &[])?;

        let envelope = ensure_success("TransportState", &call_result)?;
+
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "TransportStateResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing TransportStateResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("TransportStateResponse".to_string())
+            })?;
+
        let state = extract_child_text_any(response, &["State", "Value"])?;
        Ok(state)
    }

-    pub fn id(&self) -> Result<u32> {
+    pub fn id(&self) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Id", &[])?;

        let envelope = ensure_success("Id", &call_result)?;
-        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "IdResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing IdResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-        let id_text = extract_child_text(response, "Id")?;
-        let id = id_text
-            .parse::<u32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid Info.Id value: {}", id_text))?;
+
+        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "IdResponse").ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                    "Missing ReadResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;
+        let id_text = extract_child_text(response, "Value")?;
+        let id = id_text.parse::<u32>().map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("Playlist.Id".to_string(), id_text)
+        })?;
        Ok(id)
    }

-
-    pub fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn play(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Play", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("Play", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn pause(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Pause", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("Pause", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn stop(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Stop", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("Stop", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn next(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn next(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Next", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("Next", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn previous(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn previous(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Previous", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("Previous", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn seek_second_absolute(&self, second: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn seek_second_absolute(&self, second: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let second_str = second.to_string();
        let args = [("Second", second_str.as_str())];
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
@@ -193,7 +327,7 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        handle_action_response("SeekSecondAbsolute", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn delete_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn delete_id(&self, id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let id_str = id.to_string();
        let args = [("Value", id_str.as_str())];

@@ -211,7 +345,7 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
    /// - Ok(true) if the ID was successfully deleted
    /// - Ok(false) if the ID didn't exist (logged as warning)
    /// - Err(_) for other errors (network issues, etc.)
-    pub fn delete_id_if_exists(&self, id: u32) -> Result<bool> {
+    pub fn delete_id_if_exists(&self, id: u32) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        match self.delete_id(id) {
            Ok(()) => Ok(true),
            Err(err) => {
@@ -224,7 +358,8 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
                    || err_msg.contains("does not exist")
                    || err_msg.contains("unknown")
                    || err_msg.contains("500") // HTTP 500 = renderer in inconsistent state
-                    || err_msg.contains("Action Failed") // UPnP error 501
+                    || err_msg.contains("Action Failed")
+                // UPnP error 501
                {
                    warn!(
                        control_url = self.control_url.as_str(),
@@ -240,49 +375,38 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        }
    }

-    pub fn delete_all(&self) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn delete_all(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "DeleteAll", &[])?;
        handle_action_response("DeleteAll", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn current_id(&self)  -> Result<String> {
-        let call_result =
-            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Id", &[])?;
-        let envelope = ensure_success("Id", &call_result)?;
-        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "IdResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing IdResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-        let value: String = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Value"])?;
-        Ok(value)
-    }
-
-    pub fn tracks_max(&self) -> Result<u32> {
+    pub fn tracks_max(&self) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "TracksMax", &[])?;

        let envelope = ensure_success("TracksMax", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "TracksMaxResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing TracksMaxResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("TracksMaxResponse".to_string())
+            })?;
        let value_text: String = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Value"])?;
-        let value = value_text
-            .parse::<u32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid TracksMax value: {}", value_text))?;
+        let value = value_text.parse::<u32>().map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("Playlist.Id".to_string(), value_text)
+        })?;

        Ok(value)
    }

-    pub fn id_array(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>> {
+    pub fn id_array(&self) -> Result<Vec<u32>, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "IdArray", &[])?;
        let envelope = ensure_success("IdArray", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "IdArrayResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing IdArrayResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::upnp_missing_return_value("IdArrayResponse"))?;

        // Try to extract the array element. If missing, assume empty playlist.
-        let array_text = match extract_child_text_any(
-            response,
-            &["Array", "IdArray", "Value"],
-        ) {
+        let array_text = match extract_child_text_any(response, &["Array", "IdArray", "Value"]) {
            Ok(text) => text,
            Err(_) => {
                // Element not found - playlist is likely empty
@@ -297,10 +421,10 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {

        let bytes = decode_base64(&array_text)?;
        if bytes.len() % 4 != 0 {
-            return Err(anyhow!(
+            return Err(ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!(
                "Invalid IdArray payload length {} (expected multiple of 4)",
                bytes.len()
-            ));
+            )));
        }

        let mut ids = Vec::with_capacity(bytes.len() / 4);
@@ -310,7 +434,7 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
        Ok(ids)
    }

-    pub fn read_all_tracks(&self) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
+    pub fn read_all_tracks(&self) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>, ControlPointError> {
        let ids = self.id_array()?;
        debug!(
            control_url = self.control_url.as_str(),
@@ -359,12 +483,6 @@ impl OhPlaylistClient {
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct OhInfoClient {
-    pub control_url: String,
-    pub service_type: String,
-}
-
 impl OhInfoClient {
    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
        Self {
@@ -373,6 +491,17 @@ impl OhInfoClient {
        }
    }

+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_info_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create info control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_info_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create info service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhInfoClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
    pub fn track(&self) -> Result<OhInfoTrack> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Track", &[])?;

@@ -380,8 +509,7 @@ impl OhInfoClient {
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "TrackResponse")
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing TrackResponse element in SOAP body"))?;

-        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Uri", "Value"])
-            .unwrap_or_default();
+        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Uri", "Value"]).unwrap_or_default();
        let metadata_xml = extract_child_text_optional(response, "Metadata")
            .unwrap_or(None)
            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty());
@@ -407,8 +535,7 @@ impl OhInfoClient {
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "NextResponse")
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing NextResponse element in SOAP body"))?;

-        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Value"])
-            .unwrap_or_default();
+        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Value"]).unwrap_or_default();
        let metadata_xml = extract_child_text_optional(response, "Metadata")
            .unwrap_or(None)
            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty());
@@ -436,25 +563,41 @@ impl OhTimeClient {
        }
    }

-    pub fn position(&self) -> Result<OhTimePosition> {
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_time_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create time control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_time_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create time service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhTimeClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
+    pub fn position(&self) -> Result<OhTimePosition, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Time", &[])?;

        let envelope = ensure_success("Time", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "TimeResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing TimeResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("TimeResponse".to_string()))?;

-        let track_count =
-            extract_child_text_any(response, &["TrackCount", "Value"])?
-                .parse::<u32>()
-                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid TrackCount value in Time response"))?;
-        let duration_secs =
-            extract_child_text_any(response, &["Duration","Value"])?
-                .parse::<u32>()
-                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid Duration value in Time response"))?;
-        let elapsed_secs =
-            extract_child_text_any(response, &["Seconds", "Value"])?
-                .parse::<u32>()
-                .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid Seconds value in Time response"))?;
+        let track_count = extract_child_text_any(response, &["TrackCount", "Value"])?
+            .parse::<u32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("TrackCount".to_string(), "".to_string())
+            })?;
+
+        let duration_secs = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Duration", "Value"])?
+            .parse::<u32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("Duration".to_string(), "".to_string())
+            })?;
+
+        let elapsed_secs = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Seconds", "Value"])?
+            .parse::<u32>()
+            .map_err(|_| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("Second".to_string(), "".to_string())
+            })?;

        Ok(OhTimePosition {
            track_count,
@@ -478,19 +621,34 @@ impl OhVolumeClient {
        }
    }

-    pub fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_volume_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create volume control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_volume_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create volume service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhVolumeClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
+    pub fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Volume", &[])?;
        let envelope = ensure_success("Volume", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "VolumeResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing VolumeResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-        let value = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Volume", "Value"])?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("VolumeResponse".to_string())
+            })?;
+
+        let value = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Value"])?;
        let parsed = value
            .parse::<u32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid volume value: {}", value))?;
+            .map_err(|_| ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("volume".to_string(), value))?;
+
        Ok(parsed.min(u16::MAX as u32) as u16)
    }

-    pub fn set_volume(&self, vol: u16) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_volume(&self, vol: u16) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let vol_str = vol.to_string();
        let args = [("Value", vol_str.as_str())];
        let call_result =
@@ -498,18 +656,20 @@ impl OhVolumeClient {
        handle_action_response("SetVolume", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
+    pub fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "Mute", &[])?;
        let envelope = ensure_success("Mute", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "MuteResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing MuteResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
-        let value = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Mute", "Value"])?;
-        parse_bool(&value)
+            .ok_or_else(|| ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("MuteResponse".to_string()))?;
+
+        let value = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Value"])?;
+
+        Ok(parse_bool(&value))
    }

-    pub fn set_mute(&self, mute: bool) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_mute(&self, mute: bool) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let mute_str = if mute { "1" } else { "0" };
-        let args = [("Mute", mute_str)];
+        let args = [("Value", mute_str)];
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SetMute", &args)?;
        handle_action_response("SetMute", &call_result)
@@ -530,7 +690,18 @@ impl OhRadioClient {
        }
    }

-    pub fn play_channel(&self, id: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_radio_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create radio control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_radio_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create radio service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhRadioClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
+    pub fn play_channel(&self, id: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let id_str = id.to_string();
        let args = [("Id", id_str.as_str())];
        let call_result =
@@ -548,8 +719,7 @@ impl OhRadioClient {
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "ChannelResponse")
            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing ChannelResponse element in SOAP body"))?;

-        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Value"])
-            .unwrap_or_default();
+        let uri = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Uri", "Value"]).unwrap_or_default();
        let metadata_xml = extract_child_text_optional(response, "Metadata")
            .unwrap_or(None)
            .filter(|s| !s.is_empty());
@@ -572,6 +742,17 @@ impl OhProductClient {
        }
    }

+    pub fn from_renderer_info(info: &RendererInfo) -> Result<Self, ControlPointError> {
+        let control_url = info.oh_product_control_url().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create product control client".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        let service_type = info.oh_product_service_type().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError("Cannot create product service client".to_string())
+        })?;
+        Ok(OhProductClient::new(control_url, service_type))
+    }
+
    pub fn source_xml(&self) -> Result<Vec<OhProductSource>> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SourceXml", &[])?;
@@ -582,19 +763,22 @@ impl OhProductClient {
        parse_product_source_list(&xml)
    }

-    pub fn source_index(&self) -> Result<u32> {
+    pub fn source_index(&self) -> Result<u32, ControlPointError> {
        let call_result =
            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SourceIndex", &[])?;
        let envelope = ensure_success("SourceIndex", &call_result)?;
        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "SourceIndexResponse")
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SourceIndexResponse element in SOAP body"))?;
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpMissingReturnValue("SourceIndexResponse".to_string())
+            })?;
+
        let value = extract_child_text_any(response, &["Index", "Value"])?;
        value
            .parse::<u32>()
-            .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid Product.SourceIndex value: {}", value))
+            .map_err(|_| ControlPointError::UpnpBadReturnValue("volume".to_string(), value))
    }

-    pub fn set_source_index(&self, index: u32) -> Result<()> {
+    pub fn set_source_index(&self, index: u32) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
        let value = index.to_string();
        let args = [("Index", value.as_str())];
        let call_result = invoke_upnp_action(
@@ -606,8 +790,10 @@ impl OhProductClient {
        handle_action_response("SetSourceIndex", &call_result)
    }

-    pub fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let sources = self.source_xml()?;
+    pub fn ensure_playlist_source_selected(&self) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let sources = self
+            .source_xml()
+            .map_err(|e| ControlPointError::SoapAction(format!("{}", e)))?;

        // Log all available sources for diagnostics
        debug!(
@@ -615,8 +801,9 @@ impl OhProductClient {
            source_count = sources.len(),
            "OpenHome Product sources available"
        );
+
        for (idx, source) in sources.iter().enumerate() {
-            debug!(
+            trace!(
                control_url = self.control_url.as_str(),
                index = idx,
                name = source.name.as_str(),
@@ -635,7 +822,7 @@ impl OhProductClient {
                    available_types = ?sources.iter().map(|s| s.source_type.as_str()).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
                    "OpenHome Product source list does not expose a Playlist entry"
                );
-                anyhow!("OpenHome Product source list does not expose a Playlist entry")
+                ControlPointError::OpenHomeNoPlaylistEntry()
            })?;
        let playlist_index = playlist_index as u32;
        let current_index = self.source_index()?;
@@ -646,7 +833,9 @@ impl OhProductClient {
            control_url = self.control_url.as_str(),
            current_index,
            current_source_name = current_source.map(|s| s.name.as_str()).unwrap_or("unknown"),
-            current_source_type = current_source.map(|s| s.source_type.as_str()).unwrap_or("unknown"),
+            current_source_type = current_source
+                .map(|s| s.source_type.as_str())
+                .unwrap_or("unknown"),
            playlist_index,
            needs_switch = current_index != playlist_index,
            "OpenHome source state"
@@ -708,7 +897,16 @@ pub fn parse_track_metadata_from_didl(xml: &str) -> Option<TrackMetadata> {
    })
 }

-fn parse_track_list(payload: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
+pub fn didl_id_from_metadata(xml: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    if xml.trim().is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let parsed = pmodidl::parse_metadata::<DIDLLite>(xml).ok()?;
+    parsed.data.items.first().map(|item| item.id.clone())
+}
+
+fn parse_track_list(payload: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>, ControlPointError> {
    let trimmed = payload.trim();
    if trimmed.is_empty() {
        return Ok(Vec::new());
@@ -718,8 +916,11 @@ fn parse_track_list(payload: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
        (trimmed.to_string(), false)
    } else {
        let bytes = decode_base64(trimmed)?;
-        let decoded = String::from_utf8(bytes)
-            .map_err(|err| anyhow!("TrackList payload not valid UTF-8 after base64 decode: {err}"))?;
+        let decoded = String::from_utf8(bytes).map_err(|err| {
+            ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
+                "TrackList payload not valid UTF-8 after base64 decode: {err}"
+            ))
+        })?;
        (decoded, true)
    };
    let xml_sample: String = xml.chars().take(256).collect();
@@ -731,8 +932,9 @@ fn parse_track_list(payload: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
    );

    let mut reader = std::io::Cursor::new(xml.as_bytes());
-    let root = Element::parse(&mut reader)
-        .map_err(|err| anyhow!("Failed to parse OpenHome TrackList XML: {}", err))?;
+    let root = Element::parse(&mut reader).map_err(|err| {
+        ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!("Failed to parse OpenHome TrackList XML: {}", err))
+    })?;
    let mut entries = Vec::new();

    for node in &root.children {
@@ -746,7 +948,7 @@ fn parse_track_list(payload: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhTrackEntry>> {
    Ok(entries)
 }

-fn parse_track_entry(elem: &Element) -> Result<OhTrackEntry> {
+fn parse_track_entry(elem: &Element) -> Result<OhTrackEntry, ControlPointError> {
    let id_text = extract_child_text_local(elem, "Id")?;

    // Some renderers (like upmpdcli) return a comma-separated list of IDs in the Id element
@@ -759,14 +961,14 @@ fn parse_track_entry(elem: &Element) -> Result<OhTrackEntry> {
            raw_id = id_text.as_str(),
            "Multi-value Id element detected - forcing fallback to individual reads"
        );
-        return Err(anyhow!(
+        return Err(ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!(
            "Renderer returned comma-separated IDs in single Entry - need individual reads"
-        ));
+        )));
    }

-    let id = id_text
-        .parse::<u32>()
-        .map_err(|_| anyhow!("Invalid OpenHome Entry Id: {}", id_text))?;
+    let id = id_text.parse::<u32>().map_err(|_| {
+        ControlPointError::OpenHomeError(format!("Invalid OpenHome Entry Id: {}", id_text))
+    })?;

    let uri = extract_child_text_local(elem, "Uri")?;
    let metadata_xml = extract_child_text_optional_local(elem, "Metadata")?.unwrap_or_default();
@@ -809,181 +1011,7 @@ fn parse_product_source_list(xml: &str) -> Result<Vec<OhProductSource>> {
    Ok(sources)
 }

-fn parse_visible_flag(value: &str) -> bool {
-    let trimmed = value.trim();
-    if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("true") {
-        return true;
-    }
-    if trimmed.eq_ignore_ascii_case("false") {
-        return false;
-    }
-    trimmed == "1"
-}
-
-fn ensure_success<'a>(action: &str, call_result: &'a SoapCallResult) -> Result<&'a SoapEnvelope> {
-    if !call_result.status.is_success() {
-        if let Some(env) = &call_result.envelope {
-            if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(env) {
-                return Err(anyhow!(
-                    "{action} failed with UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-                    err.error_code,
-                    err.error_description,
-                    call_result.status
-                ));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-            "{action} failed with HTTP status {} and body: {}",
-            call_result.status,
-            call_result.raw_body
-        ));
-    }
-
-    let envelope = call_result
-        .envelope
-        .as_ref()
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing SOAP envelope in {action} response"))?;
-
-    if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-            "{action} returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
-            err.error_code,
-            err.error_description,
-            call_result.status
-        ));
-    }
-
-    Ok(envelope)
-}
-
-fn handle_action_response(action: &str, call_result: &SoapCallResult) -> Result<()> {
-    ensure_success(action, call_result)?;
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn find_child_with_suffix<'a>(parent: &'a Element, suffix: &str) -> Option<&'a Element> {
-    parent.children.iter().find_map(|node| match node {
-        XMLNode::Element(elem) if elem.name.ends_with(suffix) => Some(elem),
-        _ => None,
-    })
-}
-
-fn find_child_with_local_name<'a>(parent: &'a Element, local: &str) -> Option<&'a Element> {
-    parent.children.iter().find_map(|node| {
-        if let XMLNode::Element(elem) = node {
-            if elem.name == local || elem.name.ends_with(&format!(":{}", local)) {
-                return Some(elem);
-            }
-        }
-        None
-    })
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let child = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {suffix} element in response"))?;
-
-    let text = child
-        .get_text()
-        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{suffix} element missing text in response"))?;
-
-    Ok(text)
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text_optional(parent: &Element, suffix: &str) -> Result<Option<String>> {
-    if let Some(child) = find_child_with_suffix(parent, suffix) {
-        let text = child
-            .get_text()
-            .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-            .unwrap_or_default();
-        Ok(Some(text))
-    } else {
-        Ok(None)
-    }
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text_any(parent: &Element, suffixes: &[&str]) -> Result<String> {
-    for suffix in suffixes {
-        if let Ok(text) = extract_child_text(parent, suffix) {
-            return Ok(text);
-        }
-    }
-    Err(anyhow!(
-        "Missing {} element in response",
-        suffixes.join(" or ")
-    ))
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text_local(parent: &Element, local: &str) -> Result<String> {
-    let child = find_child_with_local_name(parent, local)
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Missing {local} element in response"))?;
-    let text = child
-        .get_text()
-        .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("{local} element missing text in response"))?;
-    Ok(text)
-}
-
-fn extract_child_text_optional_local(parent: &Element, local: &str) -> Result<Option<String>> {
-    if let Some(child) = find_child_with_local_name(parent, local) {
-        let text = child
-            .get_text()
-            .map(|t| t.trim().to_string())
-            .unwrap_or_default();
-        Ok(Some(text))
-    } else {
-        Ok(None)
-    }
-}
-
-fn parse_bool(value: &str) -> Result<bool> {
-    match value.trim() {
-        "0" => Ok(false),
-        "1" => Ok(true),
-        other => Err(anyhow!("Invalid boolean value '{}'", other)),
-    }
-}
-
-pub(crate) fn decode_base64(input: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
-    fn value(byte: u8) -> Option<u8> {
-        match byte {
-            b'A'..=b'Z' => Some(byte - b'A'),
-            b'a'..=b'z' => Some(byte - b'a' + 26),
-            b'0'..=b'9' => Some(byte - b'0' + 52),
-            b'+' => Some(62),
-            b'/' => Some(63),
-            _ => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    let mut output = Vec::new();
-    let mut buffer: u32 = 0;
-    let mut bits_collected: u8 = 0;
-
-    for byte in input.bytes() {
-        if byte == b'=' {
-            break;
-        }
-        if byte == b'\r' || byte == b'\n' || byte == b' ' || byte == b'\t' {
-            continue;
-        }
-        let val =
-            value(byte).ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Invalid base64 character '{}'", byte as char))?;
-        buffer = (buffer << 6) | (val as u32);
-        bits_collected += 6;
-        if bits_collected >= 8 {
-            bits_collected -= 8;
-            let out = (buffer >> bits_collected) & 0xFF;
-            output.push(out as u8);
-        }
-    }
-
-    Ok(output)
-}
-
-fn is_invalid_entry_id_error(err: &anyhow::Error) -> bool {
+fn is_invalid_entry_id_error(err: &ControlPointError) -> bool {
    let msg = format!("{err}");
    msg.contains("Invalid OpenHome Entry Id") || msg.contains("comma-separated IDs")
 }
@@ -998,8 +1026,7 @@ mod tests {
        let xml = r#"<u:InsertResponse xmlns:u="urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1"><NewId>1337</NewId></u:InsertResponse>"#;
        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(xml.as_bytes());
        let response = Element::parse(&mut cursor).expect("valid xml");
-        let value =
-            extract_child_text_any(&response, &["NewId", "Value"]).unwrap();
+        let value = extract_child_text_any(&response, &["NewId", "Value"]).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(value, "1337");
    }

@@ -1008,9 +1035,7 @@ mod tests {
        let xml = r#"<u:ReadListResponse xmlns:u="urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1"><TrackList>PGVudHJ5PjwvZW50cnk+</TrackList></u:ReadListResponse>"#;
        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(xml.as_bytes());
        let response = Element::parse(&mut cursor).expect("valid xml");
-        let value =
-            extract_child_text_any(&response, &["TrackList", "Value"])
-                .expect("tracklist");
+        let value = extract_child_text_any(&response, &["TrackList", "Value"]).expect("tracklist");
        assert_eq!(value, "PGVudHJ5PjwvZW50cnk+");
    }

@@ -1019,11 +1044,8 @@ mod tests {
        let xml = r#"<u:IdArrayResponse xmlns:u="urn:av-openhome-org:service:Playlist:1"><Token>1</Token><Array>AAAAAQAAAAI=</Array></u:IdArrayResponse>"#;
        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(xml.as_bytes());
        let response = Element::parse(&mut cursor).expect("valid xml");
-        let value = extract_child_text_any(
-            &response,
-            &["Array", "IdArray", "Value"],
-        )
-        .expect("array content");
+        let value = extract_child_text_any(&response, &["Array", "IdArray", "Value"])
+            .expect("array content");
        assert_eq!(value, "AAAAAQAAAAI=");
    }
 }
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/rendering_control_client.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_clients/rendering_control_client.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+use crate::{
+    errors::ControlPointError,
+    soap_client::{
+        ensure_success, extract_child_text, find_child_with_suffix, handle_action_response,
+        invoke_upnp_action, parse_upnp_error,
+    },
+};
+use tracing::debug;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct RenderingControlClient {
+    pub control_url: String,
+    pub service_type: String,
+}
+
+impl RenderingControlClient {
+    pub fn new(control_url: String, service_type: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            control_url,
+            service_type,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// RenderingControl:1 — GetVolume
+    pub fn get_volume(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str) -> Result<u16, ControlPointError> {
+        debug!("GetVolume: {}", instance_id);
+        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
+        let args = [
+            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
+            ("Channel", channel),
+        ];
+
+        let call_result =
+            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "GetVolume", &args)?;
+
+        ensure_success("GetVolume", &call_result)?;
+
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetVolume response"))
+        })?;
+
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "GetVolume returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
+                err.error_code, err.error_description, call_result.status
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetVolumeResponse")
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                    "Missing GetVolumeResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;
+
+        let text = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentVolume")?;
+        let volume = text.parse::<u16>().map_err(|_| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Invalid CurrentVolume value: {}", text))
+        })?;
+
+        Ok(volume)
+    }
+
+    /// RenderingControl:1 — SetVolume
+    pub fn set_volume(
+        &self,
+        instance_id: u32,
+        channel: &str,
+        volume: u16,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
+        let volume_str = volume.to_string();
+        let args = [
+            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
+            ("Channel", channel),
+            ("DesiredVolume", volume_str.as_str()),
+        ];
+
+        let call_result =
+            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SetVolume", &args)?;
+
+        handle_action_response("SetVolume", &call_result)
+    }
+
+    /// RenderingControl:1 — GetMute
+    pub fn get_mute(&self, instance_id: u32, channel: &str) -> Result<bool, ControlPointError> {
+        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
+        let args = [
+            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
+            ("Channel", channel),
+        ];
+
+        let call_result =
+            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "GetMute", &args)?;
+
+        ensure_success("GetMute", &call_result)?;
+
+        let envelope = call_result.envelope.as_ref().ok_or_else(|| {
+            ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!("Missing SOAP envelope in GetMute response"))
+        })?;
+
+        if let Some(err) = parse_upnp_error(envelope) {
+            return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                "GetMute returned UPnP error {}: {} (HTTP status {})",
+                err.error_code, err.error_description, call_result.status
+            )));
+        }
+
+        let response = find_child_with_suffix(&envelope.body.content, "GetMuteResponse")
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                    "Missing GetMuteResponse element in SOAP body"
+                ))
+            })?;
+
+        let text = extract_child_text(response, "CurrentMute")?;
+        let mute = match text.as_str() {
+            "0" => false,
+            "1" => true,
+            _ => {
+                return Err(ControlPointError::UpnpError(format!(
+                    "Invalid CurrentMute value: {} (expected 0 or 1)",
+                    text
+                )));
+            }
+        };
+
+        Ok(mute)
+    }
+
+    /// RenderingControl:1 — SetMute
+    pub fn set_mute(
+        &self,
+        instance_id: u32,
+        channel: &str,
+        mute: bool,
+    ) -> Result<(), ControlPointError> {
+        let instance_id_str = instance_id.to_string();
+        let mute_str = if mute { "1" } else { "0" };
+        let args = [
+            ("InstanceID", instance_id_str.as_str()),
+            ("Channel", channel),
+            ("DesiredMute", mute_str),
+        ];
+
+        let call_result =
+            invoke_upnp_action(&self.control_url, &self.service_type, "SetMute", &args)?;
+
+        handle_action_response("SetMute", &call_result)
+    }
+}
--- a/pmocontrol/src/upnp_renderer.rs
+++ b/pmocontrol/src/upnp_renderer.rs
@@ -1,317 +0,0 @@
-use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
-
-use anyhow::{Result, anyhow};
-
-use crate::capabilities::{PlaybackPositionInfo, PlaybackStatus};
-use crate::connection_manager_client::{ConnectionInfo, ConnectionManagerClient, ProtocolInfo};
-use crate::music_renderer::op_not_supported;
-use crate::rendering_control_client::RenderingControlClient;
-use crate::{
-    AvTransportClient, DeviceRegistry, PlaybackPosition, PlaybackState, PositionInfo, RendererId,
-    RendererInfo, TransportControl, VolumeControl,
-};
-
-/// High-level handle representing a renderer and its optional AVTransport client.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
-pub struct UpnpRenderer {
-    pub info: RendererInfo,
-    registry: Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>,
-    avtransport: Option<AvTransportClient>,
-    rendering_control: Option<RenderingControlClient>,
-    connection_manager: Option<ConnectionManagerClient>,
-}
-
-impl UpnpRenderer {
-    pub fn id(&self) -> &RendererId {
-        &self.info.id
-    }
-
-    pub fn friendly_name(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.info.friendly_name
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_avtransport(&self) -> bool {
-        self.avtransport.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_rendering_control(&self) -> bool {
-        self.rendering_control.is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub fn has_connection_manager(&self) -> bool {
-        self.connection_manager.is_some()
-    }
-
-    /// Returns true if this renderer is known to support SetNextAVTransportURI.
-    pub fn supports_set_next(&self) -> bool {
-        self.info.capabilities.supports_set_next()
-    }
-
-    pub fn avtransport(&self) -> Result<&AvTransportClient> {
-        self.avtransport
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer has no AVTransport service"))
-    }
-
-    pub fn rendering_control(&self) -> Result<&RenderingControlClient> {
-        self.rendering_control
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer has no RenderingControl service"))
-    }
-
-    pub fn connection_manager(&self) -> Result<&ConnectionManagerClient> {
-        self.connection_manager
-            .as_ref()
-            .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Renderer has no ConnectionManager service"))
-    }
-
-    pub fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.set_av_transport_uri(uri, meta)?;
-        avt.play(0, "1")
-    }
-
-    /// Best-effort attempt to configure the next URI via AVTransport SetNextAVTransportURI.
-    pub fn set_next_uri(&self, next_uri: &str, next_meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        if !self.info.capabilities.has_avtransport {
-            return Err(op_not_supported("SetNextAVTransportURI", "AVTransport"));
-        }
-
-        let client = self.avtransport()?;
-        let result = client.set_next_av_transport_uri(next_uri, next_meta);
-
-        if result.is_ok() {
-            let mut reg = self.registry.write().unwrap();
-            reg.mark_renderer_supports_set_next(&self.info.id);
-        }
-
-        result
-    }
-
-    pub fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.pause(0)
-    }
-
-    pub fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.stop(0)
-    }
-
-    pub fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.seek(0, "REL_TIME", hhmmss)
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_master_volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
-        rc.get_volume(0, "Master")
-    }
-
-    pub fn set_master_volume(&self, volume: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
-        rc.set_volume(0, "Master", volume)
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_master_mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
-        rc.get_mute(0, "Master")
-    }
-
-    pub fn set_master_mute(&self, mute: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        let rc = self.rendering_control()?;
-        rc.set_mute(0, "Master", mute)
-    }
-
-    pub fn protocol_info(&self) -> Result<ProtocolInfo> {
-        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
-        cm.get_protocol_info()
-    }
-
-    pub fn connection_ids(&self) -> Result<Vec<i32>> {
-        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
-        cm.get_current_connection_ids()
-    }
-
-    pub fn connection_info(&self, connection_id: i32) -> Result<ConnectionInfo> {
-        let cm = self.connection_manager()?;
-        cm.get_current_connection_info(connection_id)
-    }
-
-    pub fn from_registry(info: RendererInfo, registry: &Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>>) -> Self {
-        let (avtransport, rendering_control, connection_manager) = {
-            let reg = registry.read().unwrap();
-            (
-                reg.avtransport_client_for_renderer(&info.id),
-                reg.rendering_control_client_for_renderer(&info.id),
-                reg.connection_manager_client_for_renderer(&info.id),
-            )
-        };
-        Self {
-            info,
-            registry: Arc::clone(registry),
-            avtransport,
-            rendering_control,
-            connection_manager,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::model::{RendererCapabilities, RendererProtocol};
-    use crate::registry::{DeviceRegistry, DeviceUpdate};
-    use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
-    use std::time::SystemTime;
-
-    fn renderer_info(id_suffix: &str, with_avtransport: bool) -> RendererInfo {
-        RendererInfo {
-            id: RendererId(format!("renderer-{id_suffix}")),
-            udn: format!("uuid:renderer-{id_suffix}"),
-            friendly_name: format!("Renderer {id_suffix}"),
-            model_name: "Model".into(),
-            manufacturer: "Manufacturer".into(),
-            protocol: RendererProtocol::UpnpAvOnly,
-            capabilities: RendererCapabilities {
-                has_avtransport: with_avtransport,
-                ..RendererCapabilities::default()
-            },
-            location: "http://127.0.0.1/device.xml".into(),
-            server_header: "TestServer/1.0".into(),
-            online: true,
-            last_seen: SystemTime::now(),
-            max_age: 1800,
-            avtransport_service_type: with_avtransport
-                .then(|| "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:AVTransport:1".into()),
-            avtransport_control_url: with_avtransport
-                .then(|| "http://127.0.0.1/avtransport".into()),
-            rendering_control_service_type: None,
-            rendering_control_control_url: None,
-            connection_manager_service_type: None,
-            connection_manager_control_url: None,
-            oh_playlist_service_type: None,
-            oh_playlist_control_url: None,
-            oh_playlist_event_sub_url: None,
-            oh_info_service_type: None,
-            oh_info_control_url: None,
-            oh_info_event_sub_url: None,
-            oh_time_service_type: None,
-            oh_time_control_url: None,
-            oh_time_event_sub_url: None,
-            oh_volume_service_type: None,
-            oh_volume_control_url: None,
-            oh_radio_service_type: None,
-            oh_radio_control_url: None,
-            oh_product_service_type: None,
-            oh_product_control_url: None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn registry_with_renderer(info: RendererInfo) -> Arc<RwLock<DeviceRegistry>> {
-        let mut registry = DeviceRegistry::new();
-        registry.apply_update(DeviceUpdate::RendererOnline(info));
-        Arc::new(RwLock::new(registry))
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn renderer_without_avtransport() {
-        let info = renderer_info("no-avt", false);
-        let registry = registry_with_renderer(info.clone());
-        let renderer = UpnpRenderer::from_registry(info, &registry);
-
-        assert_eq!(renderer.has_avtransport(), false);
-        assert_eq!(renderer.id().0, "renderer-no-avt");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn renderer_with_avtransport() {
-        let info = renderer_info("with-avt", true);
-        let registry = registry_with_renderer(info.clone());
-        let renderer = UpnpRenderer::from_registry(info, &registry);
-
-        assert!(renderer.has_avtransport());
-        assert_eq!(renderer.friendly_name(), "Renderer with-avt");
-    }
-}
-
-/// Implémentation UPnP AV de `TransportControl` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
-///
-/// Cette impl se base sur AVTransport (InstanceID = 0).
-impl TransportControl for UpnpRenderer {
-    fn play_uri(&self, uri: &str, meta: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.set_av_transport_uri(uri, meta)?;
-        avt.play(0, "1")
-    }
-
-    fn play(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.play(0, "1")
-    }
-
-    fn pause(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.pause(0)
-    }
-
-    fn stop(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.stop(0)
-    }
-
-    fn seek_rel_time(&self, hhmmss: &str) -> Result<()> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        avt.seek(0, "REL_TIME", hhmmss)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Implémentation UPnP RenderingControl de `VolumeControl` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
-///
-/// Cette impl se base sur le channel "Master" (InstanceID = 0).
-impl VolumeControl for UpnpRenderer {
-    fn volume(&self) -> Result<u16> {
-        self.get_master_volume()
-    }
-
-    fn set_volume(&self, v: u16) -> Result<()> {
-        self.set_master_volume(v)
-    }
-
-    fn mute(&self) -> Result<bool> {
-        self.get_master_mute()
-    }
-
-    fn set_mute(&self, m: bool) -> Result<()> {
-        self.set_master_mute(m)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Implémentation UPnP AV de `PlaybackStatus` pour [`UpnpRenderer`].
-///
-/// Utilise AVTransport::GetTransportInfo(InstanceID=0).
-impl PlaybackStatus for UpnpRenderer {
-    fn playback_state(&self) -> Result<PlaybackState> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        let info = avt.get_transport_info(0)?;
-        Ok(PlaybackState::from_upnp_state(
-            &info.current_transport_state,
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-impl PlaybackPosition for UpnpRenderer {
-    fn playback_position(&self) -> Result<PlaybackPositionInfo> {
-        let avt = self.avtransport()?;
-        let raw: PositionInfo = avt.get_position_info(0)?;
-
-        Ok(PlaybackPositionInfo {
-            track: Some(raw.track),
-            rel_time: raw.rel_time,
-            abs_time: raw.abs_time,
-            track_duration: raw.track_duration,
-            track_metadata: raw.track_metadata,
-            track_uri: raw.track_uri,
-        })
-    }
-}
--- a/pmocovers/Cargo.toml
+++ b/pmocovers/Cargo.toml
@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ webp = "0.3"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["blocking"] }

 # Utilitaires
-anyhow = "1.0"
-serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0"
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
+serde = { workspace = true }
+serde_json = { workspace = true }

 # Async
-tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { workspace = true }

 # Singleton
 once_cell = "1.20"
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ async-trait = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
 axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
 utoipa = { version = "5.3", features = ["axum_extras"], optional = true }

-tracing = "0.1.41"
+tracing = { workspace = true }

 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = "3"
--- a/pmocovers/Cargo.toml.backup
+++ b/pmocovers/Cargo.toml.backup
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+[package]
+name = "pmocovers"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+# Cache générique
+pmocache = { path = "../pmocache" }
+
+# Gestion d'images
+image = "0.25"
+webp = "0.3"
+
+# HTTP client
+reqwest = { version = "0.12", features = ["blocking"] }
+
+# Utilitaires
+anyhow = "1.0"
+serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0"
+
+# Async
+tokio = { version = "1.0", features = ["full"] }
+
+# Singleton
+once_cell = "1.20"
+
+# Serveur HTTP (optionnel pour l'extension)
+pmoserver = { path = "../pmoserver", optional = true }
+pmoconfig = { path = "../pmoconfig", optional = true }
+async-trait = { version = "0.1", optional = true }
+axum = { version = "0.8", optional = true }
+utoipa = { version = "5.3", features = ["axum_extras"], optional = true }
+
+tracing = "0.1.41"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tempfile = "3"
+
+[features]
+default = ["pmoserver"]
+pmoconfig = ["dep:pmoconfig", "pmocache/pmoconfig"]
+pmoserver = [
+    "pmoconfig",
+    "dep:pmoserver",
+    "dep:axum",
+    "dep:utoipa",
+    "pmocache/openapi",
+    "pmocache/pmoserver",
+    "dep:async-trait",
+]
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Eric Coissac	f5d055be6f	Actualiser version.txt All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 28m30s Details	2026-01-04 00:08:21 +01:00
Eric Coissac	e42a7b1ef2	Merge pull request 'Refactoring complet de PMO contrôle.' (#37 ) from push-wkzrllnusrys into main Some checks failed Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Has been cancelled Details Reviewed-on: #37	2026-01-04 00:07:42 +01:00
Eric Coissac	5320545d56	Debugging de la nouvelle implémentation.	2026-01-03 23:59:45 +01:00
Eric Coissac	9c90e706f1	Enorme refactoring de PMO control step 2	2026-01-03 08:00:08 +01:00
Eric Coissac	a4301140d8	Migration vers une forme unifiée des cargos	2025-12-30 16:49:29 +01:00
Eric Coissac	64450185c5	énorme refactoring de PMOcontrol step 1	2025-12-30 16:49:29 +01:00
Eric Coissac	000d378789	Merge pull request 'push-mvtuzlstzutl' (#35 ) from push-mvtuzlstzutl into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 29m38s Details Reviewed-on: #35	2025-12-28 16:31:41 +01:00
Eric Coissac	02a44e9e75	Debug playlist lecture	2025-12-28 16:31:02 +01:00
Eric Coissac	2f77913caa	Enrichissement de la source Qobuz	2025-12-28 15:00:06 +01:00
Eric Coissac	2353cd736d	Merge pull request 'Debug dans pmoaudiocache pour les piste non complètement téléchargées' (#34 ) from push-wzwlxvklsnuw into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 28m25s Details Reviewed-on: #34	2025-12-28 14:20:57 +01:00
Eric Coissac	572f6e4301	Debug dans pmoaudiocache pour les piste non complètement téléchargées	2025-12-28 14:20:14 +01:00
Eric Coissac	5cb8cc2f31	Merge pull request 'Debug qobuz, pas encore parfait mais presque.' (#33 ) from push-ryzlqtmkoyxw into main Some checks failed Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Has been cancelled Details Reviewed-on: #33	2025-12-28 13:53:53 +01:00
Eric Coissac	2b69350162	Debug qobuz pas encore parfait mais mieux	2025-12-28 13:52:31 +01:00
Eric Coissac	0c64ed1a9a	Autorise la configuration des noms UPNP.	2025-12-28 12:37:38 +01:00
Eric Coissac	876b1e0147	update de qobuz pour utiliser les sources lazy	2025-12-28 12:37:10 +01:00
Eric Coissac	b915481595	Merge pull request 'Fin provisoire du débugage de PMO contrôle' (#32 ) from push-nlwpnmvzzmvs into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 28m17s Details Reviewed-on: #32	2025-12-28 09:45:43 +01:00
Eric Coissac	9fe4819640	Fin provisoire du débugage de PMO contrôle	2025-12-28 09:36:55 +01:00
Eric Coissac	7976ce096e	Merge pull request 'push-wmwyloupzyyo' (#31 ) from push-wmwyloupzyyo into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 29m40s Details Reviewed-on: #31	2025-12-27 22:58:58 +01:00
Eric Coissac	0cbd0c9b30	Remise au propre des abstractions de PMOcontrol.	2025-12-27 22:42:13 +01:00
Eric Coissac	0abe66f7fb	On corrige le bug des serveur de musique autre que le PMO serveur.	2025-12-27 22:06:20 +01:00
Eric Coissac	ed46ee8109	Merge pull request 'push-xwqwmkpwtxqk' (#30 ) from push-xwqwmkpwtxqk into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 28m32s Details Reviewed-on: #30	2025-12-27 18:06:34 +01:00
Eric Coissac	dec48a3130	Lenteur détection des serveurs.	2025-12-27 18:05:03 +01:00
Eric Coissac	46625c20ec	Petit débugage de la user interface.	2025-12-27 17:02:29 +01:00
Eric Coissac	125b5bbc2f	Simplification du code OpenHome environ tous les workarounds.	2025-12-27 17:02:29 +01:00
Eric Coissac	0a50ca38ac	Merge pull request 'Amélioration de l'interface utilisateur.' (#29 ) from push-lxpmrvpuzxkw into main All checks were successful Build and Push Docker Image / build (push) Successful in 28m27s Details Reviewed-on: #29	2025-12-27 15:28:05 +01:00
Eric Coissac	40cce9f894	Rends les items de la queue de lecture cliquables.	2025-12-27 15:12:57 +01:00